This program was written by: John Maple

2310 Hunter Mill Road

White Hall, Md. 21161
(301)-343-0710

This program is intended for Public Domain use and as such

the distribution of this program is not restricted in any
manner except that no compensation can be gained by the
distribution of this program. This program must however be
distributed along with the companion files found on the disk.

If you find the program of use to you a users fee as detailed

on the registration form would be appreciated, mailed to the
above address. Assistance will be given only to registered
users in response to written requests or in rare cases by
phone. The author will reply in writing or if possible by a
telephone call. If you desire to talk to me or receive a
verbal response you must provide a phone number for the time
periods which are available to me. I anticipate being able to
verbally respond on my lunch hour (12 Noon to 1 PM) and after
work (5 PM). These restrictions are necessary since I am
employed by a public agency and will not abuse the trust of
my supervisors.

The source code for this program was compiled using

Microsoft's QuickBASIC 4.5 compiler, copyright 1982-1988.
The method of compilation used for this program requires the
presence of the Module BRUN45.EXE which is contained on the
source disk. This module must be contained in the default
directory or defined by the path command. The use of this
program by the recipient acknowledges the following
conditions and understandings, if the user cannot abide by
these terms the program must be returned to the author for a
refund:

1) This program is to the author's best knowledge

complete and without error. However the author strongly
supports the belief that no program is completely error free.
The user is therefor advised that all results should be
reviewed to determine their acceptability and accuracy and if
possible compared to other computational methods.

2) The recipient of this program acknowledges the above,

agrees with the author and further agrees to hold the author
harmless against, any claim by any person or entity,
resulting from use of this program whether due to a defect in
the design of the program or information supplied pertaining
to the design or use of the program, or for any other reasons
whatsoever.
 3) Updates to this program will be provided by the
author at a nominal cost for a minimum of 12 months. Support
after that time will be at the authors sole discretion.
These updates will be made to correct any theory and/or logic
errors only, enhancements to the program may be available as
updates or at the authors discretion as a new program.

PAGE 1

HYDRAULIC GRADIENT (PIPE) PROGRAM INSTRUCTIONS

The disk contains the program called PIPE. This program

calculates a hydraulic gradient for gravity pipe systems
using the Baltimore County Bureau of Engineering method. The
program is initiated by entering the title PIPE. The program
will normally begin by presenting the Main Menu from which
selections are made. If this program is the first program
you have used from my group of drainage programs you will be
requested to answer a couple questions first otherwise the
program will display the Main Menu.

The first screen a new user will see is the monitor and
printer definition screen. The user will be prompted to
enter the type of monitor as well as the foreground and
background colors. The printer definition is not important
to this program, however other programs which use graphics
will require that the proper printer be defined. It is
therefor suggested that the correct printer be defined.

If the cursor is not visible try the other monitor option.

If you still have problems let me know your computer and
monitor type. After these questions are answered a file will
be created to eliminate this step in the future.

The first screen normally displayed is the main menu screen

which contains the following options:

1. CREATE PIPE NETWORK DATA

2. EDIT DATA OR LOAD DISK FILE
3. SAVE DATA , TO DISK
4. CALCULATE GRADIENT OR REDISPLAY OUTPUT
5. QUIT PIPE PROGRAM
6. ACCESS DOS >>> ENTER [EXIT] TO RETURN
7. PRINT RESULTS
 8. RESET SCREEN / PRINTER OPTIONS

- In general the program will return this menu

whenever an error is made in responding to the
request for a file name.

- This menu is returned to after the creation of a

data file or the completion of data editing.

- The main menu can also be accessed while in the

edit mode by pressing the <Esc> key.

- The main menu is also one of the choices while in

the output mode.

PAGE 2

Item 1 (Create Pipe Network) will begin requesting data

by prompting for the project name, designer's
name, and the project number. These items are
optional.

The first data screen will also request a

starting water surface elevation. The starting
elevation can be entered as any elevation,
including 0.0. Elevations below the crown will
cause the program to adjust the elevation to
equal the crown of the pipe. The user would then
normally press page down which will call the data
input form onto the screen. Data input is done
on a pipe segment basis, with each segment being
defined by an upstream and downstream structure.
The upstream structure will be the structure for
which all losses are calculated.

During the creation of data, cursor and page

controls are similar to the controls described
below for data editing. One difference which
will be noted is the data lines for structure
type, pipe angle, the pipe size, and manning's n.
During data creation additional menus will appear
 to assist in the selection of the proper values
for these items. Selections are made by moving
the cursor up and down and pressing the enter key
to make the selection. These sub menus are
discussed in more detail during the Item 2
discussion.

Item 2 (EDIT DATA) Upon selecting Item 2 the program

will display a series of questions allowing the
user to select the location of data to be edited.
The questions will allow the user to edit memory
or a disk file. After the selections are made the
user will be allowed to view all the data and
edit the values desired.

The edit mode will first display the screen

described above which defines the project and
designers name and the project number. The
starting water surface elevation in addition to
the above items can all be edited as described
below.

Paging down will present the first pipe segment

data screen for editing or viewing. This screen
displays the information for a pipe segment
defined by the following items.

PAGE 3

FROM -- This item is the name of the structure at the

downstream end of the pipe segment. While names
are not restricted to any set pattern or format
they must be unique. The program uses the
structure name to locate the values from a
previous segment or in the case of the "TO"
value to store values for the "FROM" value and
to determine the upstream flow conditions. If
the "FROM" name does not match the corresponding
"TO" name there will be no transfer of data and
this pipe segment will begin calculations at the
pipe crown.
 The "FROM" field also controls the continuation
of the data input if the "FROM" field is blank
or if QUIT is entered the program will return to
the main menu. If this action occurs in error,
merely selecting the EDIT option and selecting
the edit of memory, will return your data to the
screen. The use of QUIT in the from field also
controls the saving and loading of disk data as
well as printing. When a blank is used the
program will insert the word "QUIT" to assist in
the above processing.

TO -- As in the "FROM" name, the name is an indicator

and can be any name you wish, it must however
match the name of a "FROM" value for an upstream
segment or the named structure will be treated
as a terminal structure.

STRUCTURE TYPE -- Structure types accepted by the

program are menu defined in order to insure that
the proper name is used. When data is entered
for the first time the Structure menu will
appear on the right of the Pipe Segment data
screen. Selections are made by moving the
cursor up and down, when the proper structure is
highlighted pressing the <ENTER> key will cause
your selection to be transferred to the Pipe
Segment screen. Once data has been entered on
the line the menu will only appear when
requested. The menu is displayed by pressing
the right arrow key after which the selection
process is identical to a new data entry.

PAGE 4

The following structure types will be displayed

 by the menu:

Manhole
Manhole / 33 inch pipe
Inlet
Junction
Junction with Manhole
Bend
Bend with Manhole or Connection
Bend with Manhole and Connection
Cutin-Wye-Fitting

The Baltimore County Design Manual describes the

various structures and the application of losses
by this program.

PIPE ANGLE -- As in the selection of structure types,

the approach pipe angle is defined by a menu to
the right of the data screen. The pipe angles
presented are restricted to the following:

0 degrees
22.5 degrees
45 degrees
90 degrees

PIPE SIZE -- The Pipe Size selection is the third of

four items which rely on the menu system to make
selections by pre-defined values. When the menu
is called by using the right cursor or when the
field is blank five types or styles of pipe will
be displayed as follows:

Round
Arch
Arch 3x1
Elliptical
Box Culvert

Each of the first four items will present a

table of values from which the proper size is
selected.

The first, round pipe, contains the common round

pipe sizes from 15 to 144 inches in diameter.

The second and third are arch pipes for the

standard metal pipe sizes and common
corrugations.

The fourth item presents the standard concrete

elliptical pipe sizes.
 PAGE 5

The last item, Box Culvert, selection is a

little different. This item will present an
input form which will prompt for the height and
width of the culvert in decimal feet.

MANNING'S n -- This data line is the last to use the sub

menu from which data is selected. As in the
above cases the menu will appear when ever the
field is blank and upon pressing the right
cursor key.

PIPE LENGTH -- As the title states, the distance between

the upstream and downstream structures should be
entered. A zero length will be accepted however
no friction loss will be calculated.

INVERT DOWNSTREAM -- The invert of the pipe at the

downstream structure is required for this field.
If the pipe slope defined by this value, the
upstream invert and the pipe length is less than
or equal to zero the program will adjust the
value to a small slope.

INVERT UPSTREAM -- The invert of the pipe at the

upstream structure is required for this field.

DOWNSTREAM FLOW -- This flow is the quantity of flow

exiting the upstream structure.

UPSTREAM FLOW -- This flow is the quantity of flow

entering the upstream structure from the main
incoming pipe. The balance will be calculated
by the program and used in calculating the D
loss.

Editing unlike data creation is comprised of two

separate activities, viewing and editing data.
 First of all the user may leaf through the data
screens by using the <Page Up> and <Page Down>
keys to move to the previous screen or the next
screen. The <Esc> key will cause the editing to
terminate and the main menu to be displayed. This
browsing is unrestricted and will not change
input values unless one of the sub menus is
called. Once a sub menu is called the data must
be edited.

Before editing can be performed on a value the

cursor must be positioned at the field to be
edited. The cursor can be moved to the desired

PAGE 6

field by using the up and down arrow keys. The

Enter key will also move the cursor to the next
data field.

A HELP screen listing these keys, as well as the

editor keys, and their definitions can be
displayed by pressing the <?> key, after which
the data screen will be restored by pressing any
key. Most screens and the sub menus also show
the common control keys at the bottom of the
menu.

During the display of output the <?> key will

display the notes which are referenced to the
right of the hydraulic grade elevations at
structures.

As stated the HELP screen will display the

function of various keys during the edit mode,
these keys are defined as follows:

<Del> key will delete the character under the cursor.

<Ins> key will open up the value and allow the insertion
of characters to the left of the cursor. The
insertion is stopped by pressing the <Ins> key
again.

<Backspace> key will remove the character to the left of

the cursor.
<Right> and <Left> arrow key will move the cursor right
or left.

<Enter> key will update the value displayed and move

the cursor to the next field or close a sub menu.

<Alt I> key combination will insert a new screen line

before the current screen. Inserting a new screen
will cause the 100th pipe segment to be dropped.

<Alt D> key combination will delete the current screen

line.

Additional function keys are defined below.

Item 3 causes the program to begin calculating the

gradient after which the results will be
displayed. These results can be redisplayed at
any time as long as the editing of data is not
requested. If data edit is initiated the
gradient must be recalculated before it can be
redisplayed.

PAGE 7

Item 4 Prompts the user for a disk location to which

data will be saved. The save routine will use
the default drive and path unless otherwise
directed. Standard DOS file commands are
allowed and required for saving and loading data.

Item 5 Causes the program to terminate and return to

DOS. Item 4 will clear the PIPE program from
memory as well as all data.

Item 6 allows the user to access DOS without leaving

the program. During this phase data in memory is
preserved, however caution is necessary since
other programs run while in DOS may alter the
memory. Typing and entering the command [EXIT]
will return to the program and permit execution
to continue.

Item 7 will present a menu for printing data. Output

 data may be printed to a disk file for later
printing or directly to the printer.

Item 8 allows the user to redefine the monitor and

screen colors.

While the data screen is displayed the following keys and key
combinations will produce the effect shown below. The
function keys are paired with alpha keys which I have
attempted to match with the functions first letter as you
will notice, to allow for ease of use.

F3 -Alt I Inserts a line prior to the current line which

can be used for inserting data. As stated above
this function will cause the last sub-area to be
dropped.

F4 -Alt D Deletes the current data line.

-Alt P The Alt P allows the user to move around the

data without using the page keys. By entering
the sheet number the program will jump to the
defined location.

PAGE 8

The following pipe sizes are loaded into the program:

ROUND ARCH PIPE 3X1 ARCH PIPE ELLIPTICAL

15 17x13 60x46 14x23
18 21x15 66x51 19x30
21 24x18 73x55 22x34
24 28x20 81x59 24x38
27 35x24 87x63 27x42
30 42x29 95x67 29x45
33 49x33 103x71 32x49
36 57x38 112x75 34x53
42 64x43 117x79 38x60
48 71x47 128x83 43x68
54 77x52 137x94 48x76
60 83x57 142x91 53x83
66 58x91
72 63x98
84 68x106
96 72x113
108 77x121
120 82x128
132 87x136
144 92x143

PAGE 9
 PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

PROGRAMS: ROUT ______________________________ ($75)

RISER ______________________________ ($100)

R/R/R ______________________________ *

TR-66 ______________________________ *

FLOWTAB ______________________________ ($50)

PIPE ______________________________ ($100)

SCHEDULE______________________________

* These programs are planned for future completion, users of

registered programs will receive copies of these programs for
evaluation upon their completion.

ROUT - This program performs storage indication routings

of hydrographs, both user generated and those
generated by and saved from the S.C.S. TR-55
Program. ROUT99, an alternate program is also
provided which computes routings for up to 99
hydrograph points.

RISER - The riser program generates a rating curve for a

Storm Water Management type hydraulic structures.
The program also has the capability of deriving a
hydraulic structure given target release rates and
water surface elevations.

R/R/R - R/R/R combines features of the Rout and Riser

programs with the added feature of generating
hydrographs. This program does not read TR-55
files nor will it generate a hydraulic structure.

TR-66 - Is a computer version of the S.C.S. TR-66 method of

calculating the resultant floodplain caused by a
Dam failure. Tis program will also generate a
rating curve for given cross-sections.

FLOWTAB - Will generate a flow tabulation which can be placed

on a Storm Drain drawing to explain the system
flows. The format and style of the output as well
as the data conform to Baltimore County standards.

SCHEDULE- This program is provided to registered users for

 $10 to cover incidental costs. The program creates
the various schedules used on Baltimore County
Storm Drain drawings. The schedules include Inlet,
Manhole, Structure, Test Pit, Sediment Trap, and
Electronic Test Pit. The tables are printed using
a graphics printer allowing the use of the output
directly on drawings.

PAGE 10

REGISTRATION FORM AND PROGRAM DISCLAIMER

HYDRAULIC GRADIENT (PIPE) PROGRAM
DECEMBER 1988

USER NAME ______________________________________

COMPANY ______________________________________

ADDRESS ______________________________________

______________________________________

______________________________________

PHONE (____) - _______________

As stated in the documentation for the selected programs I

agree with the author's statement that no program can be
completely error free. And as stated I acknowledge that good
engineering practices dictate that all results be confirmed
by an independent review engineer or by alternate acceptable
methods. I further agree to hold the author harmless against
any claim, by any person or entity, resulting from use of
this program whether due to a defect in the logic or design
of the program or information supplied pertaining to the
design or use of the program, or for any other reasons
whatsoever.

SIGNED __________________________________Date______
Printed Name_____________________________

Title of above___________________________*

*Note: the above disclaimer must be signed by a

principal of the firm to which the program is
being distributed. This form must be completed
and returned to the author before any support or
upgrades will be made. A separate form is
required for each program. Upgrades are covered
by the original form.

PAGE 11
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