Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Calamba City
Senior High School
Demonstration Teaching Festival
October 25, 2017

INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN
I. Core Subject Title: General Mathematics
Semester: First Semester
Content: Logic
Topic: Truth Tables of Proposition
II. Objectives :
Content Standards: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts
of propositional logic; syllogisms and fallacies.
Performance Standards: The learner is able to judiciously apply logic in real-life
arguments
Learning Competencies: Determines the truth values of a compound propositions.
Code: M11GM-IIh-1
References: Dimasuay, Alcala, & Palacio, 2016. General
Mathematics. C&E Publiishing,Inc. Quezon City.
Orence, O. A. (2016). General Mathematics (first ed.).
Manila, Philippines, NCR: REX Book Store.
Orines, F. B. (2016). Next Century Mathematics: General
Mathematics . Quezon City: PHOENIX Publishing House.
Materials: Activity sheets, Board, Chalk, Visuals, LCD Projector
and Laptop
III. Instructional Strategies
IV. Procedures:
Teachers Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preparatory Activities
1. Daily Routine
A. Prayer A. Students’ Prayer
B. Greetings B. Good Morning Teacher, Good Morning
C. Checking of Attendance Classmates
D. Checking of Cleanliness and C. Class Secretary : “no one is absent today maám”
Orderliness of the classroom D. Leaders will check the assignment and record
2. Checking of Assignment their score.
B. Drill
Let p: Janna is honest and q: James is honest, and let
us agreed that dishonest = not honest.
Write each statement in symbolic form
1. Both Janna and James are honest 1. 𝑝∧𝑞
2. Either Janna or James is honest 2. 𝑝∨𝑞
3. Janna is not honest or James is dishonest 3. ~𝑝 ∨ ~𝑞
4. If Janna is honest, then James is dishonest 4. 𝑝→𝑞
5. James is dishonest if and only if Janna is honest 5. ~𝑞 ↔ 𝑝

1 Prepared by : Ms. Angelyn T. Natividad

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Calamba City
Senior High School
Demonstration Teaching Festival
October 25, 2017

C. Recall: Type of Logical Symboli Read as

a. What are the different types of Compound Operation c Form
Proposition
statements? Negation Not ~P Not P
b. What are the connecting symbols of of Conjunction And P˄Q P and Q
those proposition? Disjunction Or P˅Q P or Q
Conditional If...then P→Q If P, then Q
Biconditional If and only P if and only if
if P↔Q Q

Combining propositions using connective will result

in the formation of new proposition. To determine
whether this resulting proposition is true or false, a
scheme for listing all possible truth values will be
used. This scheme can be done with the help of the
so-called truth table.
D. Activity : “You Complete ME”
a. Students will be group into 5 and that
will be called as their expert group (see the attachment for the activity sheet)
b. Each group is given by an activity sheet.
Task1: Expert group
c. The activity is divided into two
columns, you need to answer first,
column A before answering column B.
d. You will fill in the blank in the given
worksheet
e. Within the group discuss the assigned
activity.
f. After you need to assigned numbers to a
group member for the break down (see the attachment for the rubric)
group.
g. Then each member needs to go to their
assigned number
Task 2: Break down group
h. Each member in the break down group
needs to discuss the item discussed from
their expert group.
i. Each member will be scored based on
the rubric provided
j. Lastly, return to the expert group
Task 3: Expert group
k. Each member needs to share
encountered problems/ difficulties while
discussing the assigned problems
l. Leader collects the score of each

2 Prepared by : Ms. Angelyn T. Natividad

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Calamba City
Senior High School
Demonstration Teaching Festival
October 25, 2017

member
m. The group with the highest score will be
declared as a winner
E. Analysis
a. How did you find the activity? Why? a. Interesting and challenging
b. What difficulty/ies or problem/s did you b. None
encounter while discussing the item c. The letter we use to assigned a true statement is
assigned to your group? capital T
c. What letter do we use to represent a true d. For a false statement we assigned a capital F
statement? e. For negation, p is true then the value of ~𝑝 is
d. How about a false statement? false and if p is false the negation p is true
e. For negation, p is true then the value of f. Conjunction is true when p and q are both true,
~𝑝 is? otherwise the conjunction is false
How about if P is false? g. Disjunction is true if there is at least one statement
f. For conjunction, when it is true and is true. And it is false if both statements are false.
when it is false? h. Implication is false only when p is true and q is
g. Disjunction is true if? When it is false? false, otherwise it is true.
h. What conclusion can you make about i. Biconditional is true when both statements have
implication the same truth value.
i. How about your observation in j. If there is one proposition there is 2 row, if there
biconditional? is two proposition there is 4 rows.
j. What is the relationship of the number
of component in compound proposition
with the number of row?
F. Abstraction
1. In negation, p is true then the value of ~p is
false and if p is false the negation p is true
2. A conjunction is only true when both
components is true.
3. Disjunction is true if there is at least one
statement is true. And it is false if both statements
are false.
4. Implication is false only when p is true and q is
false, otherwise it is true.
5. Biconditional is true when both statements have
the same truth value.
Steps in constructing a truth table
1. Write out the number of variables
(corresponding to the number of
statements) in alphabetical order.
2. Determine how many columns are
required.
Note: Columns are the vertical areas of the truth
table. We need one column for each statement of
the argument and the smaller parts of those

3 Prepared by : Ms. Angelyn T. Natividad

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Calamba City
Senior High School
Demonstration Teaching Festival
October 25, 2017

statements
3. Determine how many rows are required.
Note: Rows are the horizontal areas of the truth
table. A number of rows are required in order to
determine every possible truth value, which
depends on the number of statement letters used.
The number of rows needed is 2𝑛 where n is the
number of variables. (E. g., with three
variables,23 = 8).
4. Determine the truth values of statement
letters.

Note: The last statement letter alternates from

being true and false every other row starting with
true (T, F, T, F…). The second to last statement
letter alternates from being true and false every two
rows (T, T, F, F, etc.) The third from last
statement letter alternates from being true and false
every four rows (T, T, T, T , F, F, F, F, etc.) The
first statement of each table should be true in the
first half of the rows and false on the bottom half.
Start in the right-hand column and alternate T's and
F's until you run out of lines.
5. Determine the truth values of complex
statements.

G. Application
Group work : Construct a truth tables for: 1. ~(𝑝⋁𝑞)
1. ~(𝑝⋁𝑞) p q 𝒑⋁𝒒 ~(𝒑⋁𝒒)
2. ~(𝑝⋀ ∼ 𝑞)
T T T F
3. 𝑝 → ~𝑞
4. (𝑝 → 𝑞) ↔ (𝑞 → 𝑝) T F T F
5. (𝑝 → 𝑞) → ~𝑟 F T T F
F F F T
2. ~(𝑝⋀ ∼ 𝑞)
p q ∼𝒒 (𝒑⋀ ∼ 𝒒) ~(𝒑⋀ ∼ 𝒒)
T T F F T
T F T T F
F T F F T
F F T F T
3. 𝑝 → ~𝑞
p q ~𝒒 𝒑 → ~𝒒
T T F F
T F T T

4 Prepared by : Ms. Angelyn T. Natividad

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Calamba City
Senior High School
Demonstration Teaching Festival
October 25, 2017

F T F T
F F T T
4. (𝑝 → 𝑞) ↔ (𝑞 → 𝑝)
p q 𝒑→𝒒 𝒒→𝒑 (𝒑 → 𝒒) ↔ (𝒒 → 𝒑)
T T T T T
T F F T T
F T T F F
F F T T T
5. (𝑝 → 𝑞) → ~𝑟
p q 𝒓 𝒑→𝒒 ~𝒓 (𝒑 → 𝒒) → ~𝒓

T T T T F F
T T F T T T
T F T F F T
T F F F T T
F T T T F F
F T F T T T
F F T T F F
F F F T T T
H. Evaluation 1. Complete the truth tables for ~𝑝 ∧ 𝑞
1. Complete the truth tables for ~𝑝 ∧ 𝑞
P q ~𝒑 ~𝒑 ∧ 𝒒
P Q ~𝒑 ~𝒑 ∧ 𝒒 T F F F
F F T T F F
T F F F T F
F T F T T T
T T 2. 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
2. 𝐶 𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 ( 𝑎 ↔ 𝑏) ∨ 𝑐
( 𝑎 ↔ 𝑏) ∨ 𝑐 a b 𝒄 𝒂↔𝒃 ( 𝒂 ↔ 𝒃) ∨ 𝒄
T T T T T
T T F T T
T F T F T
T F F F F
F T T F T
F T F F F
F F T T T
F F F T T
I. Closure
Answer/complete the following on your
reflection notebook.
• I learned that ___________________
• I realized that _____________________.
• I hope to learn more on ___________________.
• I having difficulty on ____________________.

5 Prepared by : Ms. Angelyn T. Natividad

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Calamba City
Senior High School
Demonstration Teaching Festival
October 25, 2017

Group 1
Column A Column B
NEGATION:
* The negation of a proposition can be formed by inserting the word Complete the statement below based on the
_______. table shown
* The notation for the negation of p is ~𝑷 Note: T- True
F- False
*State the negation of the following propositions:
(a) p: Today is Saturday.
𝒑 ¬𝒑
~𝒑: _______________________________
(b) p: The glass is full T F
~𝒑:: _______________________________
(c) p: true F T
~𝒑::__________________________________________ if “P” is true then “not P” is ______and if
“P” is false then “not P” is_______.
Guided Question :
1. In negation, p is true then the value of ~𝑝 is?___________
2. If the given statement is false then its ~𝑝 is ?____________
Group 2
Column A Column B
Conjunction
*A conjunction is formed when two propositions are connected by the word Complete the statement below based on the
_________ . tables shown
* The notation for conjunction is the symbol ∧ Note: T- True
F- False
*ex. Let p: Jose Rizal is our national hero
q: Jose Rizal was born in Calamba City 𝒑 𝒒 𝒑⋀𝒒
State 𝑝 ∧ 𝑞: ____________________________
𝑇 𝑇 T
𝑇 𝐹 F
𝐹 𝑇 F
𝐹 𝐹 F
Conjunction of two proposition is true if
both component proposition is _______ and
false if at least one of them is ______.
Guided Question :
1. In conjunction , combined statements is considered true if ?________________
2. Conjunction when propositions is __________

6 Prepared by : Ms. Angelyn T. Natividad

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Calamba City
Senior High School
Demonstration Teaching Festival
October 25, 2017

Group 3
Column A Column B
Disjunction
*DISJUNCTION: A disjunction is formed when propositions are joined by Complete the statement below based on the
the word _______ tables shown
** The notation for disconjunction is the symbol ∨ Note: T- True
F- False
*ex. Let p: Jose Rizal is our national hero
q: Jose Rizal was born in Calamba City 𝒑 𝒒 𝒑⋁𝒒
State 𝑝 ∨ 𝑞: _______________________________________
T T T
T F T
F T T
F F F

A disjunction is false if and only if both of

claims are ___.
Guided Question :
1. Disjunction is true if?__________________
2. When disjunction is false?__________________

Group 4
Column A Column B
Conditional / Implication
*Implication: The proposition “P implies Q”, denoted by ______ is called Complete the statement below based on the
an implication. tables shown
* The operand P is called the________ while the operand Q is called the Note: T- True
_______ F- False

*ex. Let p: Let p: Jose Rizal is our national hero 𝒑 𝒒 𝒑⟹𝐪

q: Jose Rizal was born in Calamba City
State 𝑇 𝑇 𝑇
𝑝 → 𝑞: _____________________________________
𝑇 𝐹 𝐹

𝐹 𝑇 𝑇

𝐹 𝐹 𝑇
A conditional is false if and only if the first
claim is ______and the second is _____
otherwise it is _______
Guided Question
1. When did Conditional Sentence considered true ?_______
2. When did conditional sentence is considered as false ?__________

7 Prepared by : Ms. Angelyn T. Natividad

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Calamba City
Senior High School
Demonstration Teaching Festival
October 25, 2017

Group 5
Column A Column B
Biconditional
**Biconditional: The biconditional proposition is expressed linguistically Complete the statement below based on the
by preceding either component by ________________ tables shown
The truth table for a biconditional propositional form, symbolized by Note: T- True
__________ F- False

*ex. Let p: Let p: Jose Rizal is our national hero

𝒑 𝒒 p⟷q
q: Jose Rizal was born in Calamba City
State 𝑇 𝑇 𝑇
𝑝 ↔ 𝑞: _______________________________________ 𝑇 𝐹 𝐹
𝐹 𝑇 𝐹
𝐹 𝐹 𝐹

A biconditional is true only when both its

claims have the ____ truth value.

Guided Question
1. In biconditional , when it is true?___________
2. In biconditional , when it is false?___________

Rubric for group activity

Criteria Expert (5) Practitioner(4) Apprentice(3) Novice (2)

Understanding The explanation The explanation The explanation is There is no
shows a deep shows a broad not complete explanation given
understanding of understanding of indicating parts of
the topic the topic topic are not
understood
Strategies Uses a very Uses strategy that Uses strategy that No evidence of a
efficient and leads to a right is partially useful,strategy or
sophisticated conclusion leading some way procedure or uses
strategies leading toward a solution, strategy that does
to right conclusion but not a full not help to draw
explained the right
conclusion
Communication There is a clear, There is a clear There is an There is no
effective explanation incomplete explanation cannot
explanation explanation; it may be understood.
detailing not be clearly
presented

8 Prepared by : Ms. Angelyn T. Natividad