Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
DATA
For systems for which more than one literature reference is available, an
attempt has been made to select those data that are most reliable and
1
2 ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES
complete. The auxiliary references for which no data have been given are
listed with an asterisk. Where there is appreciable discrepancy in the data
of two references, both sets of data have been included.
Because Lecat has published identical data on most of his systems in
two or more journals, only his most recent reference is listed here, except
where there are large discrepancies in his data, in which case both sets of
data have been included.
Table I. Binary Systems
B-Component Azeotropic Data
No Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = A Argon -186
l Nj Nitrogen, 500-1500 mm. -195 Nonazeotrope, V-l. 164
A = C Graphite 2300/0.01I
42 MnS Manganese sulfide 1375/0.01mm 802
% graphite is inversely ]propor-
tional to pressure
A = Cu Copper 2310
95 Pb Lead 1525 Azeotropic 266
96 Sn Tin 2275 Max. b.p. 248
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
0. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A - N2 Nitrogen -196
499 02 Oxygen -183 Nonazeotrope S28
500 CH4 Methane -164 Nonazeotrope 255
A- Pb Lead 1S25
521 Sn Tin 2275 Nonazeotrope 248
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropio D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
= C2CI3N Trichloroacetonitrile
1577 C 2 H,N Acetonitrile 82 75.6 71 18$
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = C2HBrCl2 cts-l-Bromo-l,2-dichloro-
ethylene 113.8
1695 C2H«0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 77.4 30.9 407
A = C2HBrcl2 £rans-l-Bromo-l,2-dichloroethylene . . . .
1696 c2n«o E t h y l alcohol 78.3 74.9 65.5 407
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropio D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Raf.
B-Component Aseotropio D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., C B.P., C W t . <7o A Ref.
= CsHeCl2 1,1-Dichloropropane 90
4425 CiHuO* Isopropyl a c e t a t e 90 M a x . b.p. 111
4426 CeH»N Triethylamine 89 M a x . b.p. 111
= C3M6CI2 1,2-Dichloropropane 97
4427 CtHsO Isopropyl alcohol 82.4 50, V-l. 119
A t 3 0 ° C. •••• 75. V-L 119
4428 CiHsOi Butyric acid 162.4 Nonazeotrope $77
4429 C«H 8 Os Dioxane 101 M a x . b.p. HI
4430 CiHieO 2-Pentanone 102 M a x . b.p. 111
4431 CiHioOi E t h y l propionate 99 M a x . b.p. 111
4432 CeHu Cyclohexane 80 80.4 16 117
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No: Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
k - C3H6O2 1,3-Dioxolane 75
4723 C6H6 Benzene 80.2 74 85 202
B-Component Aaeotropie D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , • C. B.P., • C. Wt. % A Bef.
B-Component Azeo t r o p i c D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., • a B.P., ° C , Wt. % A Ref.
A = c^ 7 i 2-Iodopropane 89.35
5084 CIHBO Isopropyl alcohol 82.45 76.0 68 §63
5085 CIHSO Propyl alcohol 97.2 82.95 83 §07
5086 C4H8O 2-Butanone 79.6 Nonaseotrope §07
5087 C4H8O1 Dioxane 101.35 N o n a s e o trope §39
5088 C 4 HsOi M e t h y l propionate 79.84 Nonaieotrope §§7
5089 C4H8O1 Propyl formate 80.85 Nonaseotrope §§7
80.85 <80.2 >16 §66
5090 C4H10O B u t y l alcohol 117.8 88.6 94 §47
5091 C4H10O aec-Butyl alcohol 99.5 85.4 83 §47
5092 C4H10O tert-Butyl alcohol 82.45 <77.75 <69 §47
5093 C 4 HioO Isobutyl alcohol 107.85 86.8 88 §07
5094 CiHioOi I s o b u t y l formate 98.2 Nonaseotrope §§7
98.2 <88.5 >82 §66
5095 C5H10O1 Isopropyl acetate 90.8 87.0 60 §§7
5096 C«HioOi Methyl isobutyrate 92.5 <88.8 >80 §66
5097 CHnNO, Isoamyl nitrite 97.15 Nonaseotrope §30
5098 C»HnO tert-Amyl alcohol 102.35 88.6 92 §47
5099 C»HiiO 3-Methyl-2-butanol 112.6 Nonaseotrope §66
5100 C«HnOi D i e thoxy me thane 87.95 86.15 37 §07
5101 CeH, Benzene 80.2 Nonaseotrope §18
5102 CeHii Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonaseotrope §66
5103 CeHuO Propyl ether 90.55 ~89.0 ~65 §t8
5104 C7H14 Methylcyclohexane 100.8 88 65 384
A = CH7NO Acetozime 135.8
5105 CeHioS Allyl sulfide 138.7 134 .... §43
A = C3H7NO Propionamide 222.2
5106 C1H7NO1 E t h y l carbamate 185.25 Nonaseotrope §66
5107 C4H»NS Allyl isothiocyanate 152.0 Nonaseotrope §66
5108 C4H«04 M e t h y l oxalate 164.45 Nonaseotrope §66
5109 C4H7BrOi E t h y l bromoacetate 158.8 Nonaseotrope §07
5110 C4H 8 C1,0 Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether 178.65 Nonaseotrope §07
5111 C4H8O1 Glycol mo no acetate 190.9 Nonaseotrope §66
5112 C4H9I 1-Iodobutane 130.4 Nonaseotrope §07
5113 C4H10O1 Diethylene glycol 245.5 Nonaseotrope §06
5114 C»HeOi Furf uryl alcohol 169.35 Nonaseotrope §66
5115 C»HsOi Levulinic acid 252 Nonaseotrope §07
5116 CHJCIOI Propyl chloroacetate 163.5 Nonaseotrope §66
5117 C»HuBr l-Bromo-3-methylbutane 120.65 Nonaseotrope §07
5118 CiHnl 1 -Iodo-3-methylbutane 147.65 Nonaseotrope §07
5119 CjHuO Isoamyl alcohol 131.3 Nonaseotrope §07
5120 CtHnOi 2-Propoxyethanol 151.35 Nonaseotrope §06
5121 C»HnOi 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethano 192.95 Nonaseotrope §06
5122 CeH4BrCl p-Bromochlorobenzene 196.4 189.5 16 §66
5123 C«H4Bn p-Dibromobensene 220.25 204.9 22 §07
5124 C«H4ClNOt tTi-Chloro nitrobenzene 235.5 216.5 >48 §34
5125 C6H4CINO1 o-Chloronitrobensene 246.0 <220.6 >54 §34
5126 C6H4CINO, p-Chloro nitrobenzene 239.1 217.5 49.8 §07
5127 C6H4CI1 o-Dichlorobensene 179.5 177.0 9 §44
5128 C e H4Cli p-Dichlorobensene 174.4 172.55 8 §07
5129 C«H»Br Bromobensene 156.1 Nonaseotrope §07
5130 CtH»BrO o-Bromophenol 194.8 Nonaseotrope §66
5131 CtH»Cl Chlorobemene 132.0 Nonaseotrope §07
5132 C 6 H»C10 p-Chlorophenol 219.75 228.0 33 §4§
5133 C«HJ Iodobensene 188.45 183.5 10 §60
5134 CeH»NOi Nitrobenzene 210.75 205.4 24 §07
5135 C 6 H»NOi o-Nitrophenol 217.25 211.15 24.8 §§§
5136 C6H«0 Phenol 182.2 Nonaseotrope §§§
5137 CeH«Ot Pyrocatechol 245.9 Nonaseotrope §§§
5138 CeHeOs Reeorcinol 281.4 Nonaseotrope §§4
5139 CaHiN Aniline 184.35 Nonaseotrope §07
5140 CeHsNt o-Phenylenediamine 258.6 Nonaseotrope §31
5141 CtHa04 M e t h y l f umarate 193.25 Nonaseotrope §07
5142 CtHi04 M e t h y l maleate 204.05 Nonaseotrope §07
5143 CtHu04 Ethylidene diacetate 168.5 Nonaseotrope §07
5144 CtHio04 E t h y l oxalate 185.65 Nonaseotrope §07
91
TABLE I BINARY SYSTEMS
B-Componeni Aieotropto D a t e
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C . Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Aseotropio D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Bel.
A = CsH 7 N0 2 Ethyl Carbamate (continued) 185.25
6339 CeHuO n-Hexanol 167.85 N o n a s e o trope $07
6340 CeHuOt 2-Butoxyethanol 171.16 Nonaseotrope 907
6341 CeHwOt Pinaool 174.36 173.5 t55
6342 CeHuO* 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol 201.9 Nonaseotrope 966
6343 CeHuS Isopropyl sulfide 120.6 Nonaseotrope 946
6344 CyHiN Bensonitrile 191.1 182.1 57 960
6346 C?H7Br *?»-Bromotoluene 184.3 171.9 30.5 907
6346 CyHTBr o-Bromotoluene 181.5 170.5 28 907
6347 CrHTBr p-Bromotoluene 185.0 172.3 32 907
6348 C7H7CI o-Chloro toluene 159.2 156.4 13
6349 C7H7CI p-Chlorotoluene 162.4 158.7 15
m
944
6360 CTHTCIO T7»-Chloroanisole 193.3 179.5 20 949
6361 C7H7CIO o-ChloroaniBole 195.7 180.0 18 949
6362 C7H7I p-Iodotoluene 214.5 183.2 58 944
6363 C7H7NO1 m-Nitro toluene 230.8 Nonaseotrope 984
6364 C7H7NO1 o-Nitro toluene 221.75 Nonaseotrope 984
6366 C7H7NO1 p-Nitro toluene 238.9 Nonaseotrope 984
6366 C7H8 Toluene 110.75 Nonaseotrope 907
6367 C7HSO Anisole 153.85 153.5 5 $44
6368 C7H8O B e n s y l alcohol 205.25 Nonaseotrope 907
6369 C7H8O m-Cresol 202.2 202.6 8 944
6360 C7HiO o-Cresol 191.1 193.45 30 944
6361 C7H8O p-Cresol 201.7 202.2 10 $44
6362 C7HHO4 E t h y l malonate 199.2 186.15 95 *44
6363 C7H14O 2-Methylcyclohexanol 168.5 Nonaseotrope 907
6364 C7H14O1 A m y l acetate 148.8 Nonaseotrope 907
6366 C7H14O4 1,3-Butanediol methyl ether acetate 171.75 Nonaseotrope 966
6366 C7HieO n-Heptyl alcohol 176.15 175.1 28.5 944
6367 C8H8 Styrene 145.8 Nonaseotrope 907
6368 CsHsO Aoetophenone 202.0 184.85 86 989
6369 C8H80f B e n s y l formate 203.0 182.5 62 944
6370 C8H80f M e t h y l bensoate 199.4 183.8 67 $44
6371 CaHaOi P h e n y l acetate 195.7 180.0 52 $44
6372 C8Hl8 Ethylbensene 136.15 Nonaseotrope $07
6373 CsHio m-Xylene 139.2 Nonaseotrope $07
6374 CsHioO B e n s y l methyl ether 167.8 163.5 18 $07
6376 CiHioO p-Ethylphenol 218.8 Nonaseotrope $66
6376 CsHioO m-Methylanisole 177.2 171.5 26 $44
6377 CsHioO p-Methylamsole 177.05 171.3 25 $44
6378 CsHioO P h e n e t h y l alcohol 219.4 Nonaseotrope $66
6379 CsHioO Phenetole 170.45 166.2 22 $44
6380 CsHioO 2,4-Xylenol 210.5 Nonaseotrope $66
6381 CsHioO 3,4-Xylenol 226.8 Nonaseotrope $44
6382 CsHioOs Veratrole 206.8 182.0 67 $44
6383 CsHitO* E t h y l fumarate 217.85 Nonaseotrope 907
6384 CsHnOi E t h y l maleate 223.3 Nonaseotrope $07
6386 CsHuO Methylheptenone 173.2 171.5 30 $8$
6386 C8H14O4 E t h y l succinate 217.25 Nonaseotrope $07
6387 CsHuO 2-Octanone 172.85 171.5 28 $8$
6388 CsHieOi B u t y l butyrate 166.4 164.8 15 $44
6389 CsHieOi E t h y l oaproate 167.7 165.0 16 *44
6390 CaHieOt Isoamyl propionate 160.7 <159.5 >7 $07
6391 CSHHOJ Isobutyl butyrate 156.9 <156.3 >6.5 $66
6392 CSHHOI Isobutyl isobutyrate 148.6 Nonaseotrope $07
6393 CaHiaO B u t y l ether 142.4 <141.5 <5 $4$
6394 CsHisO Ootyl alcohol 195.2 183.5 72.5 $44
6396 CaHiaO «ec-Octyl alcohol 180.4 177.0 37 $44
6396 CsHisS B u t y l sulfide 185.0 <175.5 <44 $46
6397 CsHisS Isobutyl sulfide 172 166.5 23 $86
6398 C9H8 Indene 182.6 172.65 35 $07
6399 C9H10O p-Methylaoetophenone 226.35 Nonaseotrope $8$
6400 CtHioO Propiophenone 217.7 Nonaseotrope $8$
6401 CtHioOt Ethyl bensoate 212.5 Nonaseotrope $07
6402 CiHn Cumene 152.8 151.5 6 $66
6403 CtHii Mesitylene 164.6 159.0 22 $44
6404 CtHn Propylbensene 159.3 157.0 15 $07
TABLE L BINARY SYSTEMS 95
B-Component Azeotropio D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° a B.P., ° C. Wt, % A ,Ref«
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B . P . , ° C. W t . % ~A Ref.
A - C3H10OSi Trimethylsilanol 99
5976 CeHisOSij Hexame thyldisilo xane 100 90 33-35 838
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No, Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = C4H6 1-Butyne 9
6063 C4H8 cts-2-Butene 1 Min. b.p. 9 .5 50
6064 C4H8 £rans-2-Butene 3.5 25.5 50
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Kef.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = C4H8 1-Butene -5
6337 C4H8 2-Methylpropene -6 Nonazeotrope 265
TABLE I. BINARY SYSTEMS 111
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = C4H80 l-Butene-3-ol
6461 C4H10O8 2,3-Butanediol Nonazeo trope, V-l. 293
A = C4H80 Tetrahydrofuran 65
6470 CeHi4 Hexane 68.9 63 53.5 87
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
*o. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B P., ° C. B.P.f°C. Wt. % A Ref.
A « C4H9N Pyrrolidine
7101 CeH« Benzene 80.1 Min. b.p. 202
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., • C B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P M ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A - C 4 H n NO 2-Amino-2-methyl-l-propanol 165.4
7685 C 8 H»C1 o,m,p-Chloroethylbenzene, 10 m m . 67.5 59.0 46 U
A - C4H11NO2 2,2 '-Iminodiethanol 268.0
7686 CioHioOs Isosafrole 252.0 <246.0 255
7687 CioHwN iV, iV-Diethylaniline 217.05 Nonazeotrope 255
7688 C11H14O2 l-Allyl-3,4-dimethoxy benzene 254.7 <247.0 255
7689 C12H10O P h e n y l ether 259.0 <250.0 255
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
tfo. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., ° C . Wt. % A Ref.
A = C6H602 Furfuryl Alcohol {continued) 169.35
7820 C7H80 Anisole 153.85 153.3 10 226
7821 C 7 HuO 2-Methylcyclohexanol 168.5 <168.3 256
7822 C7H14O1 1,3-Butanediol m e t h y l ether
acetate 171.75 168.5 82 265
7823 C 8 H*C1 o,m,p-Chloroethylbenzene, 10 m m . 67.5 60.5 32 24
7824 CaHioO Phenetole 170.45 165.0 46 226
7825 CsHnN Dimethylaniline 194.15 Nonazeotrope 266
7826 CsHieOi B u t y l butyrate 166.4 164.0 30 266
7827 C 8 Hie02 Isoamyl propionate 160.7 Nonazeotrope 266
7828 CaHieOi Propyl isovalerate 155.7 Nonazeotrope 256
7829 C9H7N Quinoline 237.3 Nonazeotrope 2S8
7830 C9H11N D i me thyl-o-tolu idine 185.3 Nonazeotrope 266
7831 CIOHMO Isoamyl ether 173.4 165.7 50 226
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No, Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = C5H,N Valeronitrile (continued) 141.3
8057 C 8 H i * 0 B u t y l ether 142.4 <130.5 >42 H&
8057a C 8 H i 8 0 Isobutyl ether 122.3 119.0 10 255
8058 C9H12 Propylbenzene 159.3 Nonazeotrope 245
A = C5H10 Amylene 37
8059 CeH 6 N02 Nitrobenzene 210.75 Nonazeotrope 234
8060 CeH 7 N Aniline 184.35 Nonazeotrope 248
B-Component Azeotropio D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., • C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = C5H10O2 Ethyl Propionate 99.15
8170 CJHIOOJ Isobutyl formate 97.9 Nonazeo trope $11
8171 CiHioOi M e t h y l butyrate 102.65 Nonazeo trope $55
8172 CiHioO* Propyl a c e t a t e 101.55 Nonazeotrope $43
8173 C1H11CI 1 -Chloro-3-methylbutane 99.8 98.4 55 $18
8174 CiHi,0 tert-Amyl alcohol 102.0 98 62 $16
8175 C*Hi 2 0 3-Pentanol 116.0 Nonazeotrope $65
8176 C6H6 Benzene 80.15 Nonazeotrope $55
8177 CeHi, Cyclohexane 80.8 Nonazeotrope $$6
8178 C«H«0 Pinacolone 106.2 Nonazeotrope $3$
8179 CeHu Hexane 69.0 Nonazeotrope $$e
8180 C.H14O Propyl ether 90.1 Nonazeotrope $37
8181 CeHuOi Acetal 103.55 Nonazeotrope $37
8182 CeHuO, Ethoxypropoxymethane 113.7 Nonazeotrope $37
8183 CTH* Toluene 110.7 Nonazeotrope $$e
8184 C7H14 Methylcyclohexane 101.1 94.5 ~53 $63
8185 CTHI« n-Heptane 98.45 93.0 47 $07
8186 CsHu 2,5-Dimethylhexane 109.4 <97.5 <78 $4$
A = CsHio02 Isobutyl Formate 98.2
8187 CJHIOOJ M e t h y l isobutyrate 92.5 Nonazeotrope $66
8188 CiHioOi Propyl acetate 101.6 Nonazeotrope $66
8189 C*HnCl 1 -Chloro-3-methylbu tane 99.8 94.5 50 $18
8190 CIHUNOJ Isoamyl nitrite 97.15 95.5 43 $$9
8191 C6Hi,0 tert-Amyl alcohol 102.35 <97.0 <81 $47
8192 CjHwOi Diethoxymethane 87.95 Nonazeotrope $37
8193 CeHc Benzene 80.2 Nonazeotrope $63
8194 CeHw Cyclohexane 80.8 80 <20 £26
8195 CeHuO Pinacolone 106.2 Nonazeotrope $3$
8196 C«Hu Hexane 69.0 68.5 12 $$e
8197 CeHuO, Acetal 103.55 Nonazeotrope $37
8198 CTHS Toluene 110.7 Azeotrope doubtful $43
8199 C7H14 Methylcyclohexane 100.95 92.4 ~57 $6$
8200 CiHie n-Heptane 98.45 <90.5 <50 $07
8201 CsHis 2,5-Dimethylhexane 109.4 93.5 63 $4$
A = C5H10O2 Isopropyl Acetate 91.0
8202 CiHioOi M e t h y l isobutyrate 92.3 Nonazeotrope $11
8203 C«HnCl l-Chloro-3-methylbutane 99.8 Nonazeotrope $$7
8204 CiHnNOj Isoamyl nitrite 97.15 Nonazeotrope $$9
8205 C6H12O, Diethoxymethane 87.95 <87.6 <42 $66
8206 C«H« Benzene 80.2 Nonazeotrope $18
8207 C«Hn Cyclohexane 80.75 78.9 25 $18
8208 C«Hu Hexane 68.8 <68.5 <9 $66
8209 CeHu Hexane 69.0 Nonazeotrope $$e
8210 C4H14O Propyl ether 90.55 88.5 50 $37
8211 C4H14O1 Acetal 103.55 Nonazeotrope $$8
8212 CTHS Toluene 110.75 Nonazeotrope $66
8213 C7H14 Methylcyclohexane 101.1 89 78 $$e
8214 CTHU Heptane 98.45 87.5 67 $18
8215 CSHIS 2,5-Dimethylhexane 109.4 <89.0 <95 $66
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.PM ° 0 . B . P „ ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
i =
CsHiiBr l-Bromo-3-methylbutane 120.65
8533 CsHwO A m y l alcohol 138.2 118.2 85 247
8534 C6Hi20 tert-Amyl alcohol 102.35 Nonazeotrope 207
8535 C6Hi20 Isoamyl alcohol 129.0 116.15 87.3 162, 207*
8536 C6H12O 2-Pentanol 119.8 <115.0 <74 207
8537 C6H12O2 2-Propoxyethanol 151.35 Nonazeotrope 207
8538 CeHioO Mesityl oxide 129.45 Nonazeotrope 207
8539 CeHioS Allyl sulfide 139.35 Nonazeotrope 246
8540 C«Hi 2 0 3-Hexanone 123.3 119.8 45 232
8541 CeHwO 4-Methyl-2-pentanone 116.05 115.6 30 207
148 ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., C B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = C6HnI l-Iodo-3~methylbutane 147,65
(continued)
8598 CsHio ra-Xylene 139.0 Nonazeo trope $18
8599 C8Hi602 Isobutyl butyrate 156.8 Nonazeotrope 227
8600 C 8 Hi«02 Isobutyl isobutyrate 147.3 146.5 58 £18
8601 CsHisO B u t y l ether 142.4 Nonazeotrope £39
8602 CioHie Camphene 159.6 Nonazeotrope £66
8603 CioHie Nopinene 163.8 Nonazeotrope £66
8604 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 <147.4 >80 £66
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No Formula Name B.P., ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . f ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
—
• C 6 H 5 N0 2 Nitrobenzene 210.75
9557 CeHsNOs o-Nitrophenol 217.2 Nonazeotrope 234
9558 C6H6 Benzene 80.15 Nonazeotrope 234
9559 C6H7N Aniline 184.35 Nonazeotrope, V-l. 231*, 335
9560 C 6 H 8 04 M e t h y l maleate 204.05 203.9 7 207
9561 C6H12O2 Caproic acid 205.15 <202.5 <35 234
9562 C 6 Hi4 n-Hexane 68.8 Nonazeotrope 234
9563 CeHuO n-Hexanol 157.85 Nonazeotrope 234
9564 CeHuOz 2-Butoxyethanol 171.15 Nonazeotrope 234
9565 C 6 Hi40 2 Pinacol 174.35 Nonazeotrope 256
9566 C7H6CI3 a,a,a-Trichlorotoluene 220.8 Nonazeotrope 234
9567 C7H6CI2 a,a-Dichlorotoluene 205.2 Nonazeotrope 234
9568 C7H6O Benzaldehyde 179.2 Nonazeotrope 234
9569 C 7 H 7 Br o-Bromotoluene 181.75 Nonazeotrope 243
9570 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 Nonazeotrope 243
9571 C7H7I p-Iodotohiene 214.5 <208.8 234
9572 C7H8 Toluene 110.7 Nonazeotrope 234
9573 C7II8O Benzyl alcohol 205.25 204.2 38 234
9574 C7H80 ra-Cresol 202.2 Nonazeotrope 234
9575 C7H80 o-Cresol 191.1 Nonazeotrope 234
9576 C7H80 p-Cresol 201.7 Nonazeotrope 234
9577 C7H8O2 Guaiacol 205.05 Nonazeotrope 234
TABLE I. BINARY SYSTEMS
B-Component
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No, Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref,
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B , P . , ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
—
No. Formula Name BLRT^C. B.F.t °~C. WtT%~A Ref.
B-Component Azieotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. BJP., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = C e H 12 O 4-Methyl-2-pentanone 116.05
10595 C6H12O2 E t h y l butyrate 121.5 Nonazeotrope 207
182 ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A " Kef.
A = C6XX12O2 4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-
pentanone 61.6/10 mm,
10719 CsHaCl o,ra,p-Chloroethylbenzene 67.5 59.0 58
n
A = C6H12O2 Isoamyl Formate 123.8
10720 C6H12O2 Propyl propionate 122.5 Nonazeotrope 225
10721 CeHi203 Paraldehyde 124.1 123.0 56 237
10722 C7H8 Toluene 110.7 Nonazeotrope 24S
10723 CsHio Ethylbenzene 136.15 Nonazeotrope 258
10724 CsHis Octane 125.8 <116.5 —55 24S
10725 CsHisO Isobutyl ether 122.3 121.5 65 237
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No, Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A " Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. BJ„°C. Wt. % A Eef.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
i a
C7H7BrO o-Bromoanisole 217.7
11498 C7H7I p-Iodotoluene 214.5 <214.3 <10 266
11499 CTHSO w-Cresol 202.2 Nonazeotrope 266
11500 CSHIOO 3,4-XylenoI 226.8 Nonazeotrope 256
TABLE I. BINARY SYSTEMS 197
B-Component
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
C 7 H 7 N0 2 m-Nitrotoluene 230.8
11643 C7H8O Benzyl alcohol 205.25 Nonazeotrope 234
11644 C7H9NO 0-A nisi dine 219.0 Nonazeotrope 266
11645 C7H14O2 Enanthic acid 222.0 220.0 30 234
11646 C7HWO4 2-[2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-
ethanol 245.25 226.4 77 234
11647 CsHsOi M e t h y l salicylate 222.95 Nonazeotrope 234
11648 CsHioO 3,4-Xylenol 226.8 Nonazeotrope 234
11649 CsHioO p-Ethylphenol 220.0 Nonazeotrope 234
11650 CsHnNO o-Phenetidine 232.5 233.0 30 231
11651 CsHnNO 7>Phenetidine 249.9 Nonazeotrope 231
11652 CsHuO* E t h y l fumarate 217.85 Nonazeotrope 234
11653 CsHuO* E t h y l maleate 223.3 Nonazeotrope 234
11654 CsHuO* E t h y l succinate 217.25 Nonazeotrope 234
11655 CsHieOi Caprylic acid 238.5 <229.8 <80 234
11656 CsHisOi 2- (2-Butoxyethoxy) ethanol 231.2 <229.0 <70 234
11657 C9H7N Qui noli ne 237.6 Nonazeotrope 234
11658 C9H10O Cinnamyl alcohol 257.0 Nonazeotrope 234
11659 C9H10O p-Methylacetophenone 226.35 Nonazeotrope 266
11660 C9H10O Propiophenone 217.7 Nonazeotrope 266
11661 C9H10O2 Be nz y l acetate 215.0 Nonazeotrope 234
11662 C9H10O3 E t h y l salicylate 253.8 Nonazeotrope 234
11663 C9H12O 3-Phenylpropanol 235.6 229.5 68 234
11664 C9Hi 8 0i Pelargonic acid 254.0 Nonazeotrope 266
11665 CioHs Naphthalene 218.0 Nonazeotrope 234
11666 CioHioOi Safrol 232 227 55 243
11667 C10H12O2 Propyl benzoate 230.85 230.0 48 234
11668 CIOHMO Carvacrol 237.85 Nonazeotrope 234
11669 C10H14O Carvone 231.0 230.5 .... 226
11670 CioHuO Thymol 232.9 Nonazeotrope 234
11671 CioHuN Diethylaniline 217.05 Nonazeotrope 231
11672 CioHwO Pulegone 223.8 Nonazeotrope 266
11673 CioHisO Borneol 213.4 Nonazeotrope 266
11674 CioHisO Geraniol 229.6 227.3 49 234
11675 CioHisO a-Terpineol 218.85 218.65 8 234
11676 C10H20O Citronellol 224.4 223.2 >26 234
11677 C10H20O Menthol 216.3 <216.2 .... 234
11678 C10H22O n-Decanol 232.8 228.2 60 234
200 ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY
s= C 7 H 7 N0 2 o-Nitrotoluene 22L75
11686 C7H80 Benzyl alcohol 202.25 Nonazeotrope 234
205.2 204.75 9 216
11687 CTHSO ftt-Cresol 202.2 Nonazeotrope 234
11688 C7H9N Methylaniline 196.25 Nonazeotrope 231
11689 C7H9N o-Toluidine 200.35 Nonazeotrope 231
11690 C7H9N P-Toluidine 200.55 Nonazeotrope 231
11691 C7H14O2 Enanthic acid 222.0 <218.0 <60 234
11692 C7H16O4 2- [2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethoxy ]-
ethanol 245.25 <220.8 88 234
11693 C8H802 P h e n y l acetate 228.75 Nonazeotrope 234
11694 CsHsOs M e t h y l salicylate 222.95 221.65 86 284
11695 CSHIOO 2-Phenethyl alcohol 219.4 217.6 43 234
11696 CsHioO 2,4-Xylenol 210.5 Nonazeotrope 255
11697 CsHioO 3,4-Xylenol 226.8 Nonazeotrope 234
11698 C8H10O2 w-Dimethoxybenzene 214.7 Nonazeotrope 217
11699 C8H10O2 o-Ethoxyphenol 216.5 Nonazeotrope 2&4
11700 CsHioO, Veratrol 206.5 Nonazeotrope 217
11701 CsHnN Di methylaniline 194.15 Nonazeotrope 231
11702 CsHnN Ethylaniline 205.5 Nonazeotrope 231
11703 CsHnN 2,4-Xylidine 214.0 Nonazeotrope 231
11704 CaHnN 3,4-Xylidine 225.5 Nonazeotrope 231
11705 CsHnNO o-Phenetidine 232.5 Nonazeotrope 231
11706 C8H12O4 E t h y l fumarate 217.85 Nonazeotrope 234
11707 C8H12O4 E t h y l maleate 223.3 221.0 62 234
11708 C8HH04 E t h y l succinate 217.25 <217.1 234
11709 C 8 Hi60 2 Caprylic acid 237.5 221.5 —95 221
11710 CsHisO n-Octyl alcohol 195,2 Nonazeotrope 234
11711 C9H7N Quinoline 237.3 Nonazeotrope 234
11712 C9H10O Cinnamyl alcohol 257.0 Nonazeotrope 284
11713 C9H10O p-Methylacetophenone 226.35 Nonazeotrope 282
11714 C9H10O Propiophenone 217.7 Nonazeotrope 232
11715 C9H10O2 Benzyl acetate 215.0 Nonazeotrope 284
11716 C9H10O2 E t h y l benzoate 212.5 Nonazeotrope 234
11717 C9H10O8 E t h y l salicylate 233.8 Nonazeotrope 284
11718 C9H12O 3-Phenylpropanol 235.6 Nonazeotrope 284
235.6 235.3 92 225
11719 C9H13N JV,iV-Dimethyl-p-toluidine 210.2 Nonazeotrope 281
11720 CioH 8 Naphthalene 218.0 Nonazeotrope 284
11721 C10H10O2 Safrole 235.9 Nonazeotrope 284
11722 C10H12O2 Propyl benzoate 230.85 Nonazeotrope 284
11723 CioHuO Carvacrol 237.85 Nonazeotrope 284
11724 CIOHHO Thymol 232.9 Nonazeotrope 234
11725 CioHwN Diethylaniline 217.05 216.85 12 231
11726 CioHieO Camphor 209.1 Nonazeotrope 282
11727 CioHieO Pulegone 223.8 Nonazeotrope 282
11728 C10H17CI Bornyl chloride 207.5 Nonazeotrope 284
11729 CioHisO Borneol 215.0 213.5 25 234
11730 CioHisO Citronellal 208.0 Nonazeotrope 284
11731 CioHisO Geraniol 229.6 220.7 81 284
17732 CioHisO Linalool 198.6 Nonazeotrope 284
11733 CioHisO a-Terpineol 218.85 217.1 38 234
11734 CioHisO /8-Terpineol 210.5 209.7 10 284
11735 C10H20O Citronellol 224.4 219.8 62 234
11736 C10H20O Menthol 216.3 214.65 34 284
11737 C10H20O2 M e t h y l pelargonate 213.8 Nonazeotrope 234
11738 C10H22O ^i-Decyl alcohol 232.8 221.0 85 284
11739 CioH 22 S Isoamyl sulfide 214.8 Nonazeotrope 255
TABLE I, BINARY SYSTEMS 201
B-Component
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P.,°C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No, Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No, Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B.P., ° C. B.P., ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
, = C 8 H n NO o-Phenetidine 232.5
13161 CsHisOa 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethanol 231.2 226.0 52 266
13162 C9H10O p-Methylacetophenone 226.35 Nonazeotrope 231
13163 C»HioOi E t h y l salicylate 233.8 232.2 82 231
13164 C9H12O 3-Phenylpropanol 235.6 Nonazeotrope 231
13165 CioH 8 Naphthalene 218.0 Nonazeotrope 231
13166 C10H10O2 Isosafrole 252.0 Nonazeotrope 231
13167 C10H10O1 Safrole 235.9 232.38 86.5 231
13168 C10H12O Anethole 235.7 232.25 75 231
13169 CIOHMO Carvacrol 237.85 238.0 13 231
13170 CioHuO Carvone 231.0 >232.8 <74 231
13171 C10H14O Thymol 232.9 234.3 45.5 231
13172 CioHieO Carvenone 234.5 235.0 30 231
13173 CioHwO Pulegone 223.8 Nonazeotrope 231
13174 CioHisO a-Terpineol 218.85 Nonazeotrope 231
13175 C10H20O Menthol 216.3 Nonazeotrope 231
13176 C10H22O n - D e c y l alcohol 232.8 232.0 >52 231
13177 C11H10 1-Methylnaphthalene 244.6 Nonazeotrope 231
244.6 Nonazeotrope 228
13178 C11H10 2-Methylnaphthalene 241.15 Nonazeotrope 207, 231
13179 C12H18 1,3,5-Triethy lbenzene 215.5 Nonazeotrope 231
i = CsHnNO p-Phenetidine 249.9
13180 C»HioO Cinnamyl alcohol 257.0 Nonazeotrope 231
13181 C9H10O1 E t h y l salicylate 233.8 Nonazeotrope 231
13182 C9H12O 3-Phenylpropanol 235.6 Nonazeotrope 231
13183 C9H12O2 Benzyloxyethanol 265.2 Nonazeotrope 266
13184 C10H7CI 1-Chloronaphthalene 262.7 249.7 90 231
13185 C10H10O1 Isosafrole 252.0 248.8 64 231
13186 C10H10O2 Safrole 235.9 Nonazeotrope 231
13187 C10H12O Anethole 235.7 Nonazeotrope 231
13188 C10H14O Carvacrol 237.85 Nonazeotrope 231
13189 C10H14O Carvone 231.0 Nonazeotrope 231
13190 C10H14O Thymol 232.9 Nonazeotrope 231
13191 CioHieO Carvenone 234.5 Nonazeotrope 231
13192 C11H10 1-Methylnaphthalene 244.6 243.95 27 231
13193 C11H10 2-Methylnaphthalene 241.15 240.85 15 207
13194 C11H14O1 1 -Ally 1-3,4-dimethoxy benzene 254.7 249.4 75 231
13195 C11H14O1 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-propenylbenzene 270.5 Nonazeotrope 231
13196 CuHio Biphenyl 256.1 249.5 90 231
13197 C11H10O P h e n y l ether 259.0 249.75 85 231
13198 CuHieOi Isoamyl salicylate 277.5 Nonazeotrope 231
13199 CnHu Diphenylmethane 265.4 Nonazeotrope 231
ss C8H12O4 Ethyl Fumarate 217.85
13200 C8H14O4 Propyl oxalate 214 Nonazeotrope 266
13201 CiHieO* Caprylic acid 238.5 Nonazeotrope 266
13202 C 8 Hi«04 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate 218.5 217.0 62 242
13203 CfH l 0 O p-Methylacetophenone 226.35 Nonazeotrope 232
13204 C«HioO Propiophenone 217.7 216.8 53 232
13205 C9H10O1 B e n z y l acetate 215.0 Nonazeotrope 229
13206 C9H10OJ E t h y l benzoate 212.5 Nonazeotrope 266
13207 CioHi Naphthalene 218.0 216.7 58 207
13208 C10H19O1 Safrole 235.9 Nonazeotrope 237
226 ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES
i = 5
CsHnOi Ethyl Fumarate (continued) 217.85
13209 C10H12O Anethole 235.7 Nonazeotrope 287
13210 C10H12O1 E t h y l a-toluate 228.75 Nonazeotrope 256
13211 CioHuO Thymol 232.9 233.35 12.5 242
13212 CioHwOi m-Diethoxybenzene 235.0 Nonazeotrope 287
13213 CioHwO Camphor 209.1 Nonazeotrope 282
13214 CioHuO Pulegone 223.8 Nonazeotrope 282
13215 CioHisO Borneol 215.0 Nonazeotrope 206
13216 CIOHISO Citronellal 208.0 Nonazeotrope 256
13217 C10H18O Geraniol 229.6 Nonazeotrope 266
13218 CioHi 8 0 a-Terpineol 218.85 Nonazeotrope 266
13219 C10H20O Menthol 216.3 216.0 30 206
13220 C10H20O2 M e t h y l pelargonate 213.8 Nonazeotrope 229
13221 C11H10 2-Methylnaphthalene 241.15 Nonazeotrope 207
13222 CnHieO M e t h y l t h y m o l ether 216.5 <212.8 287
13223 C11H20O M e t h y l a-terpineol ether 216.2 209.5 43 287
13224 C11H22O2 E t h y l pelargonate 227 Nonazeotrope 265
13225 C12H18 1,3,5-Triethylbenzene 215.5 <215.0 <43 255
13226 C12H20O2 Bornyl acetate 227.6 Nonazeotrope 229
i s s
C8H16O2 Butyl Butyrate 166.4
13328 C8H16O2 Ethyl caproate 167.7 Nonazeotrope 266
13329 C8H16O2 Isoamyl propionate 160.7 Nonazeotrope 266
13330 C8Hi602 Isobutyl butyrate 156.9 Nonazeotrope 266
13331 C8H2oSi04 Ethyl silicate 168.8 Nonazeotrope 229
13332 C«H8 Indene 182.6 Nonazeotrope 266
13333 C«H12 Mesitylene 164.6 Nonazeotrope 226
13334 C9H12 Propylbenzene 159.3 Nonazeotrope 266
13335 CuHiaO 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone 168.0 Nonazeotrope 282
13336 C9H18O2 Isoamyl isobutyrate 169.8 Nonazeotrope 266
13337 C«His02 Isobutyl isovalerate 171.2 Nonazeotrope 266
13338 C10H14 Cymene 176.7 Nonazeotrope 266
13339 CioHu Camp he ne 159.6 158.0 30 242
13340 CioHie d-Limonene 177.9 Nonazeotrope 226
13341 CioHie Nopinene 163.8 160.5 40 242
13342 CioHu a-Pinene 155.8 <155.0 <20 266
13343 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 Nonazeotrope 226
13344 CioHie a-Terpinene 173.4 <165.0 <74 266
13345 CioHuO Cineole 176.35 Nonazeotrope 237
13346 C10H22O Isoamyl ether 173.4 Nonazeotrope 237
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B , P . f ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
A s
C10H10O2 Isosafrol 252.1
14008 CioH,oOi Methyl cinnamate 261.6 Nonazeotrope 211,297
14009 CioHwOt Eugenol 255.0 252.05? ~ 9 2 264
14010 CioHuO Thymol 232.9 Nonazeotrope 222
14011 C10H18O4 Propyl succinate 250.5 <249.0 <70 287
14012 CioHso02 Capric acid 268.8 Nonazeotrope 266
14013 CnHio 1-Methylnaphthalene 244.6 Nonazeotrope 228
14014 CuHio 2-Methyl naphthalene 241.15 Nonazeotrope 207
14015 CuHuO* 1 - Ally 1-3,4-dimethoxy benzene 254.7 Nonazeotrope 229
14016 CHHUOI Butyl benzoate 249.5 Nonazeotrope 2S7
14017 CnHuOt Isobutyl benzoate 241.9 Nonazeotrope 237
14018 C11H17N Isoamylaniline 256.0 <250.0 >64 281
14019 CuHio Biphenyl 255.0 Nonazeotrope 228
14020 C11H10O Phenyl ether 259.0 Nonazeotrope 229
14021 CwHieOi Isoamyl benzoate 262.05 Nonazeotrope 287
14022 CiiH»0 4 Isoamyl oxalate 268.0 Nonazeotrope 287
14023 CiiHu Di phenyl methane 265.6 Nonazeotrope 216
14024 CuHaiBOa Isoamyl borate 255 <250.8 287
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P M ° C. B . P . , ° C. Wt. % A Ref.
B-Component Azeotropic D a t a
No. Formula Name B . P . , ° C. B.P., • C. Wt. % A Ref.
A = CJIHIO 2-Methylnaphthalene (continued) 241-15
14425 CiiH»Oi Isoamyl carbonate 232.2 Nonazeotrope 255
14426 CI 2 H,OOJ Bornyl acetate 227.6 Nonazeotrope 255
A = C11H14O2 l,2-Dimethoxy-4-propenyl-
benzene 270.5
14447 C11H17N Isoamylaniline 256.0 Nonazeotrope 255
14448 C12H10 Acenaphthene 277.9 Nonazeotrope 228
14449 C12H10O Phenyl ether 259.3 Nonazeotrope 215
14450 Ci 2 H 16 02 Isoamyl benzoate 262.05 Nonazeotrope 215,287
14451 CuH»Oa Isoamyl salicylate 277.5 Nonazeotrope 255
14452 C12H22O4 Isoamyl oxalate 268.0 Nonazeotrope 287
14453 C12H22O4 Isoamyl oxalate 268.0 267.95 4 221
14454 CnHi2 Diphe nyl methane 265.6 Nonazeotrope 215
A = C n H 16 0 p-ter/-Amylphenol 266.5
14458 C12H10 Acenaphthene 277.9 Nonazeotrope 255
14459 CwHieOi Isoamyl salicylate 277.5 Nonazeotrope 255
14460 CuHio Fluorene 295 Nonazeotrope 255
14461 C11H12 Diphenylmethane 265.4 263.0 40 255
14462 C14H14 1,2-Diphenylethane 284.5 Nonazeotrope 255
14507 FH Hydrofluoric 19.4 F6H2Si Fluosilicic acid ... H2O Water 100 116.1 10 36 54 275
acid
14508 FH Hydrofluoric 19.4 SO2 Sulfur dioxide -10 CChFa Dichlorodifluoro- ... -36 ... ... •.. 21
acid methane
FH Hydrofluoric ••• SOs Sulfur dioxide CCI2F1 Dichlorodifluoro- 4 3.5 12 84 21
acid methane, 44
lb./sq. inch
gage
14509 HNOt Nitric acid 86 H2O Water 100 SOt Sulfur trioxide 47 Vapor pressure data 248 >
0
14510 H20 Water 100 CCU Carbon tetra-
chloride
71.75 C2H1N Acetonitrile 81.6 60 .. • ... •. • 809
1
ICES
14511 H2O Water 100 CCU Carbon tetra-
chloride
76.75 C2H60 Ethyl alcohol 78.3 62 4.5 85.5 10 248 z
H20 Water • •. CCU Carbon tetra-
chloride
•. • C2H6O Ethyl alcohol ... 61.8 3.4 86.3 10.3 161 z
1
IEMI
14512 H20 Water 100 CCU Carbon tetra- 76.75 CiHeO Acetone 57 Nonazeotrope 10
chloride 2}
14513 H2O Water 100 CCU Carbon tetra- 76.75 CaHeO Allyl alcohol 96.95 65.15 5 84 11 248
chloride 3
Vt
ERIES
H2O Water ... CCU Carbon tetra- ... CHeO Allyl alcohol ... 65.4 4.13 90.43 5.44 149
chloride
100 Carbon tetra- 76.75 C3H80 Propyl alcohol 97.2 65.4 5 84 11
14514 H20 Water ecu chloride
US
2
11 31
100 Carbon tetra- 76.75 C4H8O 2-Butanone 79.6 65.7 3 74.8 22.2 10
14515 H20 Water ecu chloride
14516 H20 Water 100 CC14 Carbon tetra- 76.75 C4H10O tert-Butyl 82.5 64.7 3.1 85.0 11.9 10 —t
ERh
chloride alcohol
>
14517 H2O Water 100
100
CS2 Carbon
Carbon
disulfide
disulfide
46.25
46.25
CH4O
C2H8N
Methanol
Acetonitrile
64.7
81.6 39
Nonazeotrope
••• .. • •#•
10
$09
3
• <
14518 H20 Water CS2
H20 Water 100 Carbon disulfide 46.25 C 2 H«0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 41.3 1.6 3.4 5.0 131
14519
14520 H20 Water 100
CS2
CS2 Carbon disulfide 46.25 C8HeO Acetone 56.4 38.042 0.81 75.21 23.98 389
33
14521 H20 Water 100 CS2 Carbon disulfide 46.25 C4H8O2 Dioxane 101.4 Nonazeotrope 90 ni
14522 H20 Water 100 CHBrCh Bromodichloro- 90.2 C2EUO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 72.0 7.5 >70 <22.5 U3
me thane
14523 H20 Water 100 CHBrCh Bromodichloro- 90.2 C3HeO Allyl alcohol 96.95 76 ••• .•• ••• 243
methane
14524 H20 Water 100 CHBrCU Brotnodichloro- 90.2 CaHaO Isopropyl 82.45 -74.5 ••# ••• ••• 243
me thane alcohol
14525 H2O Water 100 CHBrCU Bromodichloro- 90.2 C4H10O Isobutyl 108 77.5 ... ... ••• 243
methane alcohol
14526 H2O Water 100 CHCli Chloroform 61 C 2 H»N Acetonitrile 81.6 M i n i m u m b.p. 309
14527 H20 Water 100 CHCli Chloroform 61.2 C2H6O E t h y l alcohol 78.3 55.4 3.5 92.5 4 409
14528 H2O Water 100 CHCli Chloroform 61 CIHCOI Acetone 56.4 60.4? 40 57.6 38.4 323
14529 H20 Water 100 CH2CI2 Dichlorome thane 4 1 . 5 C2H60 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 Nonazeotrope 16
14530 H2O Water 100 CH2O2 Formic acid 100.75 CsHio m-Xylene 139 97.5? 10.6 40.4 49.0 323
14531 H20 Water 100 CH3NO2 Nitromethane 101.0 CaHsO Isopropyl 82.0 78 6 32 62 363
alcohol
H20 Water CH8NO2 Nitromethane C8H80 Isopropyl ••• Liquid-vapor equilibrium 363
alcohol
14532 H2O Water 100 CH1NO2 Nitromethane 101 C8H80 Propyl alcohol 97.2 82.3 17.5 5 5 . 9 2 6 . 6 , V-l. 120
14533 H2O Water 100 CH1NO2 Nitromethane 101.2 C 6 HioO 3-Pentanone 102.2 82.4 18? 17? 65? 243
14534 H2O Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C3H6CIO2 M e t h y l chloro- 131.4 67.85 5.26 81.20 13.54 68
acetate
14535 H2O Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CaH 6 Oj M e t h y l acetate 57 Nonazeotrope 160
14536 H2O Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CsH 8 02 Methylal 42.3 Nonazeotrope 131
14537 H80 Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 Nonazeotrope 176
14538 H20 Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C 4 Hio02 Acetaldehyde 64.3 Nonazeotrope 20
dimethylacetal
14539 H20 Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C4H10O2 Ethoxymethoxy- 65.90 Nonazeotrope 429 K)
methane Ol
A-Component B-Component C-Component Azeotropic Data 10
Oi
B.P., B.P., B.P., B.P., K>
Wt. Wt. Wt.
0 0 0
No. Formula Name °C. Formula Name C. Formula Name C. C. % A %B %c Ref.
14540 H20 Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CsHeO 2-Methylfuran 63.7 51.2 ... ... $10
14541 H20 Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CeH* Benzene 80.2 Nonazeotrope 481
14542 H20 Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CeH8 1,3-Cyclohexa- 80.8 Nonazeotrope 243
diene
14543 H2O Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CeHio Biallyl 60.2 Nonazeotrope 24S
14544 H2O Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CeHio Cyclohexene 82.75 Nonazeotrope B4S
14545 H2O Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C«Hi2 Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonazeotrope 24S
14546 H2O Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CeHi4 Hexane 68.95 Nonazeotrope US
14547 H2O Water 100 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C7H1 Toluene 110.7 Nonazeotrope 848
14548 H2O Water 100 C2CI4 Tetrachloro- 120.8 CtH,N Acetonitrile 81.6 72 ... ... ... $09
ethylene
14549 H2O Water 100 C2CI4 Tetrachloro- 120.8 CiH«0 Propyl alcohol 97.2 88 ... ... 94S
ethylene
14550 H2O Water 100 C2HCU Trichloro- 86.95 C 2 H,N Acetonitrile 81.6 67 8.4 73.1 20.5 809
ethylene
H2O Water ... C2HCI1 Trichloro- C2H,N Acetonitrile ... Liquid-vapor equilibrium 809
ethylene
14551 H2O Water 100 C2HCI1 Trichloro- 86.95 CJH6C10 2-Chloroethanol 128 Nonazeotrope 276
ethylene
H2O Water ••• C2HCI1 Trichloro- ••• C2H6CIO 2-Chloroethanol ... 70.8-71.5 ... ... ... 102
ethylene
14552 H2O Water 100 C2HCI3 Trichloro- 86.95 C2HeO Ethyl alcohol, 25.1 3.4 85.1 11.5 269
>
ethylene 118 mm.
H2O Water ... C2HCI1 Trichloro- ... CiH.O Ethyl alcohol, 52.5 5.2 79.6 15.2 259, 823* £
ethylene 509 mm.
V* • •
z
H2O Water Trichloro- C s H«0 Ethyl alcohol, 67
n
<A
... CjHCla ... ••• 5.5 78.4 16.1 76, 259 m
ethylene 760 mm.
H2O Water C2HCI1 Trichloro- C2HeO Ethyl alcohol, ... 96 7.1 72.3 20.6 269
z
n
ethylene 2060 mm. X
rn
H2O Water ... C2HCI1 Trichloro- C2&O Ethyl alcohol, •.• 131 8.3 70.5 21.2 259 £
ethylene 5660 mm.
14553 H2O Water 100 C2HCI1 Trichloro- 86.95 CiH«0 AUyl alcohol 96.95 71.6 6.55 84.7 8.75 149, 248* 53
ethylene
14554 H2O Water 100 C2HCI1 Trichloro- 86.95 CiHsO Isopropyl 82.45 ~70 ... ... ... 248 3
ethylene alcohol m
to
14555 HtO Water 100 CsHCli Trichloro- 86.95 CiH80 Propyl alcohol 97.2 71.55 7 81
ethylene
14556 HtO Water 100 CtHOi Trichloro- 86.95 CiHioO Isobutyl alcohol 108 72.7 • •» ...
ethylene
14557 H20 Water 100 CiHtCii cia-l,2-Dichloro- 60.25 CtHeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 53.8 2.85 90.5
ethylene
14558 H20 Water 100 CtHtCh tran«-l,2*Di- 48.35 CtHeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 44.4 1.1 94.5
chloroethylene
14559 H,0 Water 100 CtH,CU 1,1,2,2-Tctra- 146.35 CtH,N Acetonitrile 81.6 Nonazcotrope
chloroethane
14560 HsO Water 100 C*H,N Acetonitrile 81.6 CiH«0 Acetone 56.4 Nonazeotrope, V-l
*4561 H2O Water 100 C2H,N Acetonitrile 81.6 C4II8O2 E t h y l acetate 77 70 ...
14562 H2O Water 100 C2H,N Acetonitrile 81.6 C»HtoOt Propyl acetate 101.6 74
14563 H2O Water 100 C2H,N Acetonitrile 81.6 C«H« Benzene 80.2 63 8.2 23.3
14564 H20 Water 100 CtHiN Acetonitrile 81.6 CeH,tO, Butyl acetate 124.8 Nonazcotrope
14565 H2O Water 100 CtH,N Acetonitrile 81.6 CTIII Toluene 110.7 73 ... ...
14566 H2O Water 100 CtHiClt 1,2-Dichloro- 83.7 CtH»C10 2-Chloroethanol 128 Nonazeotrope
ethane
HsO Water ••• C2H4CU 1,2-DichIoro- CtH»C10 2-Chloroethanol 69.6 ...
e thane
145C7 H,0 Water 100 CtHiClt 1,2-Dichloro- 83.7 CtHoO Ethyl alcohol 73.3 66.7 5 78
ethane
14568 H2O Water 100 CtH40, Acetic acid 118.5 C7H8 Toluene 110.7 Nonazeotrope
14569 H2O Water 100 CH«Oi Acetic acid 118.1 CsH,o Ethylbenzene 133 M i n i m u m b.p.
14570 H20 Water 100 CtH«Ot Acetic acid 118.1 CsIIio Xylenes MO M i n i m u m b.p.
14571 HtO Water 100 CtH 4 Br Bromoethane 38.4 CtH*0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 Azeotropic ?
14572 HtO Water 100 CtH»C10 2-Chloroethanol 128 CiHsCltO Bis(2-chloro- 173 M i n i m u m b.p.
ethyl) ether
14573 HtO Water 100 CtHiCIO 2-Chloroethanol 128 C«He Benzene 80.1 Nonazeotrope
H2O Water ... CtHsCIO 2-Chlorocthanol ... CeHe Benzene 67.0 ... ...
14574 H2O Water 100 CtH,I Iodoethane 72.3 CtH«0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 61 ~-> ~8Q
14575 H2O Water 100 CtH50 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CtH*Br cia-1-Bromo- 57.8 54? 3 6
propene
14576 HtO Water 100 CtHeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CiH 4 Br /rana-1-Bromo- 63.25 54.5 4 87.5
propene
14577 HtO Water 100 CtHeO Ethyl alcohol 78.3 CiHsBr 2-Bromopropene 48.35 43.3? 1 4
14578 HtO Water 100 CiH«0 Ethyl alcohol 78.3 CiH*I 3-Iodopropene 102 72 ... ...
14579 H2O Water 100 C*H f O Ethyl alcohol 78.3 CiH 7 Br 1-Bromopropane 71.0 68 5 12
14580 H2O Water 100 CtHeO Ethyl alcohol 78.3 CiH«Ot Biacetyl 88 Nonazeotrope ?
A-Component B-Component C-Component Azeotropio Data
B.P., B.P., B.P., B.P., Wt WtT Wt.
0 0 0 0
No. Formula Name C. Formula Name C. Formula Name C. C. % A % B %c Ref.
14581 H20 Water 100 C 2 HeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H7CIO2 Ethyl chloro- 143.5 81.35 17.5 61.7 20.8 68
acetate
14584 H20 Water 100 C*II«0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H8O, Ethyl acetate 77.05 Nonazeotrope 10
H20 Water ... CjHeO E t h y l alcohol CiHgO, Ethyl acetate, ... -1.40 4.0 4.0 92.0 $7$
25 mm.
H2O Water ... CjHeO E t h y l alcohol CiHgO, Ethyl acetate, ... 70.23 9.0 8.4 82.6 t7S
760 mm.
H2O Water ... CjHeO E t h y l alcohol CiHaO, Ethyl acetate, 88.96 10.3 12.1 77.6 £78
1446 mm.
14585 H2O Water 100 CjH60 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CiHgBr l-Bromo-2- 91.6 69.5 ~8 ~25 ~65 2Jfi
methyl propane
14586 HjO Water 100 CjH«0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H9C1 l-Chloro-2- 68.85 58.62 4.5 13 82.5 24S
methyl propane
14587 H2O Water 100 C 2 H«0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H10O Ethyl ether 34.5 Nonazeotrope 427
14588 H2O Water 100 CjH«0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4HioO* 2-Ethoxyethanol 133 Nonazeotrope 14
Water 100 C2II6O E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H10O2 Ethoxymethoxy- 65.90 Nonazeotrope 429
14589 H,0 methane
Water 100 C2HeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C»HI,OJ Diethoxy- 87.5 73.2 12.8 18.4 69.5 131
14590 H2O methane
Water 100 CjIIeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C(jH6Cl Chlorobenzene 131.8 75.0 ... 13 93
14591 H20
14592 IhO Water 100 C2H6O E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CeH« Benzene 80.2 64.86 7.4 18.5 74.1 433
H2O Water CjHeO E t h y l alcohol CeH« Benzene Effect of pressure, 1-19 atmospheres 181
14593 H2O Water 100 C2II6O E t h y l alcohol 78.3 Cells 1,3-Cyclohexa- 80.8 63.6 7 20 73 243
diene
14594 H2O Water 100 C2H6O E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CeH 8 1,4-Cyclohexa- 85.6 ~65.5 ... ... 243
diene
14595 H2O Water 100 C2H60 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 Cellio Biallyl 60.2 ~52 ... ... 248
14596 H2O Water 100 C2HeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CeHio Cyclohexene 82.75 64.05 7 20 73 248
14597 H2O Water 100 C2H60 Ethyl alcohol 78,3 CeHio 1-Hexyne 70.2 59.9 ... 157
14598 H2O Water 100 C2H6O Ethyl alcohol 78.3 CeHio 3-Hexyne 80.5 64.4 ... ... ... 167
14599 H2O Water 100 C2II6O Ethyl alcohol 78.3 CeHi, Cyclohexane 80.75 62.1 ... ... 248
14600 H2O Water 100 C2H60 Ethyl alcohol 78.3 CeH, 4 n-Hexane 68.95 56.60 ... ... 481
14601 H2O Water 100 C2H60 Ethyl alcohol 78.3 CeHuOj Acetal 103.6 77.8 11.4 27.6 61.0 20
14602 IhO Water 100 CiHeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CeHu02 Ethoxypropoxy- 113.7 Nonazeotrope 429
me thane
14603 HiO Water 100 CJIeO Ethyl alcohol 78,3 CeH,*N Triethylamine 89.4 74.7 9 13 78 404
14604 H20 100 C 2 HeO Ethyl alcohol C 7 H« Toluene 110.7 74.55 ... ...
14605 H20
Water
Water 100 C 2 II fl O Ethyl alcohol
78.3
78.3 C7H,i 1-Heptyne 99.5 71.0 ... ... • . .
us
167
14606 H20 Water 100 C 2 HeO Ethyl alcohol 78.3 C7H14 Methylcyclo- 101.8 ~70.5 ... ... •. • 24S
hexane
14607 H20 Water 100 C 2 HeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CTHHOI Isoamyl acetate 90.8 69.0 ... 167
HiO CiHeO E t h y l alcohol Heptane 98.45 ~69.5 ... ...
14608
14609 H20
Water
Water
100
100 CiH«Oi Glycol
78.3
197.4
CTHU
CiHgOi Dioxane 101.4 Nonazeotrope
us
90
14610 H20 Water 100 C1H4O 2-Propyn-l-ol • •. CeHe Benzene 80.2 Vapor-liquid equilibrium S64
14611 H20 100 CiHJ 3-Iodopropene 102 CiH«0 Allyl alcohol 96.95 77.7 ... ...
Water us
14612 H20 Water 100 CiH>I 3-Iodopropene 102 CiHgO Propyl alcohol 97.2 78.15 8 72 20 us
14613 HiO Water 100 CiHeO Acetone 56.1 CiHeO 2-Methylfuran 63.7 55.6 ... ... • •. S10
14614 HiO Water 100 CiHfO Acetone 56.4 C8H8 Isoprene 34.7 32.5 0.4 7.6 92.0 296
14615 HiO Water 100 CHfO Acetone 56.25 CeHeO Phenol 181.5 N o n a z e o t r o p e t vapor pressure curve S61
14616 HiO Water 100 CilUO Acetone 56.4 CeHM0 Isopropyl ether 69 Minimum b.p. 128
14617 HiO Water 100 CiH*0 Allyl alcohol 96.95 C.H, Benzene 80.2 68.21 8.58 9.16 82.26 S67*, 41S
14618 HiO Water 100 CiHeO Allyl alcohol 96.95 CeH 8 1,3-Cyclohexa- 80.8 67.5 ... ... 24S
diene
14619 HiO Water 100 CiHeO Allyl alcohol 96.95 CeHu Cyclohexene 82.75 67.95 8.5 11 80.5 24S
14620 HiO Water 100 CiHeO Allyl alcohol 96.95 CeHioO Allyl ether 94.8 77.8 12.4 8.7 78.9 S67
14621 HiO Water 100 CiHeO Allyl alcohol 96.95 C«H» Cyclohexane 80.75 66.18 8 11 81 24$
14622 H20 Water 100 CiHeO Allyl alcohol 96.95 CeHu Hexane 68.95 59.7 5 5 90 24S
14623 HiO Water 100 CiHeO Allyl alcohol 96.95 C7Hs Toluene 110.7 80.2 ... ... ... 24S
14624 HiO Water 100 C1IUO1 Trioxane 114.5 CeHu Naphthenes ••• Minimum b.p. 200
14625 HiO Water 100 CiHaOi Trioxane 114.5 CeH M Hexanes ••• Minimum b.p. 200
CyHu Minimum b.p.
14626 HiO Water 100 C 3 HeO. Trioxane 114.5 Naphthenes ... too
14627 HiO Water 100 CiHeO, Trioxane 114.5 C 7 H,e Heptanes Minimum b.p. 200
14628 HiO Water 100 CiHeOi Trioxane 114.5 CsHie Naphthenes ... Minimum b.p. 200
14629 HiO Water 100 C,H60« Trioxane 114.5 CsHu Octanes • •. Minimum b.p. 200
14630 HiO Water 100 CiHeOi Trioxane 114.5 CeHje Nonanes ••• Minimum b.p. 200
14631 HiO Water 100 C1H7I 1-Iodopropane 102.4 CJHSO Propyl alcohol 97.2 78.25 ... ... 24S
14632 HiO Water 100 CiHyNOi 1-Nitropropane 130.5 CSIIIO Ethylbenzene 136 ••• 28.8 32.2 39 26
14633 HiO Water 100 CiHgO Isopropyl 82.4 C4IUO 2-Butanone 79.6 Nonazeotrope 10
alcohol
14634 HiO Water 100 CiHgO Isopropyl 82.45 C4H»C1 l-Chloro-2- 68.85 61 • • • • • • ... 24S
alcohol methylpropane
A-Component B-Component C-Component Azeotropic Data
B.R, B.P., B.P., B.P., Wt. Wt. Wt.
N o . Formula Name °a Formula Name •c. Formula Name ° C. ° C. %A % B % C Ref.
14635 H,0 Water 100 CiH,0 Isopropyl 82.4 CiHioO Allyl ethyl ether 67.6 Azeotropic S
alcohol
14636 H,0 Water 100 CiHaO Isopropyl 82.7 CiH»0 Butyl methyl 70.3 Azeotropic 6
alcohol ether
14637 H»0 Water 100 dHsO Isopropyl 82.4 CiHuO Ethyl isopropyl 54 Azeotropic S
alcohol ether
14638 H,0 Water 100 CiH*0 Isopropyl 82.4 C*H»0 Ethyl propyl 64 Azeotropic S
alcohol ether
14639 H,0 Water 100 CiHiO Isopropyl 82.4 CiH»0 I&obutyl methyl 59 Azeotropic S
alcohol ether
14640 HtO Water 100 dHsO Isopropyl 82.45 CeH« Benzene 80.2 66.51 7.5 18.7 73.8 4S1
alcohol
14641 HtO Water 100 CiH,0 Isopropyl 82.45 CeH» 1,3-Cyclohcxa- 80.8 65.7 ... ... ... $48
alcohol diene
14642 HsO Water 100 dHsO Isopropyl 82.45 CeHio Cyclohexene 82.75 66.1 7.5 21.5 71 $48
alcohol
14643 H,0 Water 100 C,H80 Isopropyl 82.45 CtH» Cyclohexane 80.75 64.3 7.5 18.5 74 248
alcohol
14644 HtO Water 100 CiH«0 Isopropyl 82.45 CeH, 4 Hexane 68.95 58.2 ... ... ... 24$
alcohol
14645 H*0 Water 100 dHsO Isopropyl 82.45 C«H, 4 0 Ethyl /ert-butyl 68-69 Azeotropic S
alcohol ether
14646 H,0 Water 100 dHsO Isopropyl 82.45 C«H, 4 0 Isopropyl ether 69.0 61.6 4.7 7.3 88.0 128
alcohol
14647 H20 Water 100 CiHaO Isopropyl 82.45 CTH. Toluene 110.7 76.2 ... ... ... 248
alcohol
14648 H,0 Water 100 dHsO Propyl alcohol 97.2 C4H»0 2-Butanone 79.6 Nonazeotrope 10
14649 HtO Water 100 CIIIBO Propyl alcohol 97.16 C4H 8 0» Propyl formate 80.9 70.8 13 5 82 ISO
14650 H»0 Water 100 dHsO Propyl alcohol 97.2 C4H,C1 l-Chloro-2- 68.85 64.2 ... ... ... 248
methyl propane
14651 H,0 Water 100 dHsO Propyl alcohol 97.2 C*H,C10 Propyl chloro- 162.3 88.6 25.25 58.27 16.48 58
acetate
14652 H,0 Water 100 dHaO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CiHioO 3-Pentanone 102.2 ~81.2 ~20 ~20 ~60 248
16453 H»0 Water 100 dHgO Propyl alcohol 97.16 CiHioOt Propyl acetate 101.6 82.2 21 19.5 59.5 ISO
14654 H20 Water 100 CiH 8 0 Propyl alcohol 97.2 CiHuOt Diethoxy- 88.0 Nonazeotrope
methane
14655 H20 Water 100 CiHsO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CeH« Benzene 80.2 ».. ...
740 m m . 67 7.6 10.1
2830 m m . 107 9.6 13.1
4900 m m . 127 10.3 14.2
5930 m m . 135 12.3 15.0
14656 H,0 Water 100 CiHsO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CeH 8 1,3-Cyclohexa- 80.8 67.75 9 12
diene
14657 H20 Water 100 OlhO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CcHio Cyclohexene 82.75 63.2 9 11.5
14658 H2O Water 100 CaHsO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CsHi 2 Cyelohexane 80.75 66.55 80.5 10
14659 H20 Water 100 CrfhO Propyl alcohol 97.2 C«H,4 Hexane 68.95 59.95 ... •..
14660 H20 Water 100 C 8 IUO Propyl alcohol 97.2 C6H14O Propyl ether 91 74.8 11.7 20.2
14661 H20 Water 100 Caino Propyl alcohol 97.2 C6H.40* Ethoxypropoxy- 113.7 83.8 17.6 22.9
methane
14662 H,0 Water 100 C,H«0 Propyl alcohol 97.2 C7H8 Toluene 110.7 80.05
14663 11,0 Water 100 C,H80 Propyl alcohol 96.90 CTHUO, Dipropoxy- 137.2 86.4 8 44.8
methane
14664 H20 Water 100 CiHsO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CSHISO, Acetaldehyde 147.7 87. C 27.4 51.6
dipropylacetal
14665 H20 Water 100 CiH80, 2-Methoxy- 124 C 8 H, 0 Ethylbenzene 136 90 25.4 7.4
ethanol
14666 II20 Water 100 CIHSOI 2-Methoxy- 124 CsH,o Xylenes 140 M i n i m u m b.p.
ethanol
14667 HX> Water 100 C4IUO Crotonaldehyde 102 CTH8 Toluene 110.7 85.3
14668 H20 Water 100 C 4 H«0 Crotonaldel yde 102 C n Hin + , Paraffins •». 80-85 •.. . ..
14669 H20 Water 100 C4H8O 2-Butanone 79.6 C4H,oO ter*-Butyl alcohol 82.4 Nonazeotrope
14670 H20 Water 100 CiHsO 2-Butanonc 79.6 CSHB Benzene 80.12 68.9 8.9 17.5
14671 H20 Water 100 C4H80 2-Butanone 79.6 CCHI2 1-Hcxene 82 Minimum 1 b.p.
14672 H20 Water 100 C4IUO 2-Butanone 79.6 CfHi 2 2-Hexene M i n i m u m b.p.
14673 H20 Water 100 C4II8O 2-Eutanone 79.6 Celli2 3-Hexene • •. Minimum 1 b.p.
14674 H20 Water 100 C4H«0 2-Butancne 79.6 Celli, 2-Methyl-l- •.. M i n i m u m b.p.
pentene
14675 H20 Water 100 C4HsO 2-Butanone 79.6 C6Hl 2 2-Methyl-2- Minimum 1 b.p.
pentene
14676 H,0 Water 100 C4II8O 2-Butancne 79.6 CeHi 2 3-Methyl-2- Minimum t b.p.
pentene
14677 H,0 Water 100 C4H8O 2-Butanone 79.6 C 8 Hi4 Hexane 68.95 58.5/ 4 22
742.5
B-Component C-Component Azeotropic D a t a to
Oi
B.P., B.P.. B.P., B.P., Wt! Wt. wt. 00
0 0 0
No. Formula Name °c. Formula Name C. Formula Name C. C. % A % B %c Ref.
14678 HjO Water 100 C4H80 2-Butanone 79.6 CeHu 2-Methylpentane ... M i n i m u m b.p. SI
14679 H20 Water 100 C4H80 2-Butanone 79.6 CeHu 3-Methylpentane ••• Minimum b.p. SI
14680 HjO Water 100 C4H80 Butyraldehyde 75.7 C7H16 Heptanes •. • ~57 ••• • •. 1S9
14681 H2O Water 100 CiHsO Isobutyralde- 63 C7Hu Heptanes 48 ••• • . • 1S9
hyde
14682 HJO Water 100 C4H9CI l-Chloro-2- 68.85 C4H10O *er*-Butyl alcohol 82.55 62 ... ... ... us
methylpropane
14683 HJO Water 100 C4H10O B u t y l alcohol 117.8 C*Hio0 2 B u t y l formate 106.6 83.6 21.3 10 68.7 ISO
14684 HJO Water 100 C4H 10 O B u t y l alcohol 116.9 CeHio Cyclohexene 82.75 70.22 • •. ... ... £4S
14685 HJO Water 100 C4H10O B u t y l alcohol 117.4 C6H11CIO2 B u t y l chloro- 181.9 93.1 41.8 50.3 7.9 68
acetate
14686 HJO Water 100 C4H10O B u t y l alcohol 117.8 CeHi 2 Oj B u t y l acetate 126.2 89.4 37.3 27.4 35.3 S7*t tS7%
ISO
14687 HJO Water 100 C4II10O B u t y l alcohol 117.5 CsHigO B u t y l ether 141.9 91 29.3 42.9 27.7 S07
14688 HjO Water 100 C4H10O Butyl alcohol 117 C9HJ0OJ Dibutoxy- 181.8 Nonazeotrope 1S1
methane
14689 HJO Water 100 C4TI10O B u t y l alcohol 117 C10H22O2 Acetaldehyde 188.8 Nonazeotrope 20
dibutyl acetal
14690 H20 Water 100 C4H10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 C 6 HioO Allyl e t h y l ether 67.6 Nonazeotrope 6
14691 H20 Water 100 C4H10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 C1H12O B u t y l methyl 70.3 Nonazeotrope 6
ether
14692 HJO Water 100 C4H10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 CsHuO E t h y l isopropyl 54 Nonazeotrope 6
ether >
VAN
14693 H20 Water 10C C4II10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 C 6 HuO E t h y l propyl 64 Nonazeotrope 6
ether
14694 H20 Water 100 C4H10O $ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 C«Hl20 Isobutyl methyl 59 Nonazeotrope $ n
ether </>
14695 H20 Water 100 C4H10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 CeHe Benzene 80.2 Azeotrope doubtful US Z
14696 H20 Water 100 C4H10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 CeHu Cyclohexane 80.75 ~67 •«« ... ... US n
EMU
14697 II20 Water 100 C4II10O $ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 CeHu Hexane 68.95 61.1 ... US
14698 H20 Water 100 C4II10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 CCHHO E t h y l *er*-butyl 68-69 Nonazeotrope 6
ether
14699 H20 Water 100 C4H10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 C«HHO Isopropyl ether 69 Nonazeotrope 6
3
SERI
14700 H20 Water 100 C4H10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 C 8 Hi4 Diisobutylene ••• 80.2 ... •.. ... 297
14701 H20 Water 100 C4H10O «ec-Butyl alcohol 99.6 CgHisO Butyl ether 141 86.5 ... 104 m
14702 H20 Water 100 C4H10O sec-Butyl alcohol 99.53 CgHisO sec-Butyl ether 121 83 ... .. •
14703 H2O Water 100 C4H10O *er*-Butyl 82.55 CeHe Benzene 80.2 67.30 8.1 21.4
alcohol
14704 H20 Water 100 C4II10O *er*-Butyl 82.55 CeHs 1,3-Cyclohexa- 80.8 66.7 ...
alcohol diene
14705 H2O Water 100 C4H10O *er*-Butyl 82.55 CeHio Cyclohexene 82.75 67 ...
alcohol
14706 H2O Water 100 C4H10O JerJ-Butyl 82.55 CeHi, Cyclohexane 80.75 65 8 21
alcohol
14707 H20 Water 100 C4H,oO {er*-Butyl 82.55 CeHu Hexane 68.95 58.9 ...
alcohol
14708 II2O Water 100 C4U10O Isobutyl alcohol 108.0 CftHioO 3-Pentanone 102.2 Nonazeotrope
14709 H2O Water 100 C4II10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 C6H10O2 Isobutyl formate 98.4 80.2 17.3 6.7
14710 H,0 Water 100 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 CeHi Benzene 80.2 Nonazeotrope
14711 H20 Water 100 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 Cells 1,3-Cyclohexa- 80.8 Nonazeotrope
dicne
14712 H2O Water 100 C4II10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 CeHio Cyclohexene 82.75 ^69.5
14713 HiO Water 100 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 107.4 CellnClOj Isobutyl chloro- 174.4 90.2 33.64 53.1
acetate
14714 H,0 Water 100 C4II10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 CeH,2 Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonazeotrope
14715 H2O Water 100 C4H10O Isobutyl aleohol 108 CeIIi20i Isobutyl acetate 117.2 86.8 30.4 23.1
14716 H2O Water 100 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 CeHu Hexane 68.95 Nonazeotrope
14717 H2O Water 100 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 C7H8 Toluene 110.7 83
14718 H2O Water 100 C4II10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 Cgllio Ethylbenzene 136.15 —89.5 ... •••
14719 H2O Water 100 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 CgHisO B u t y l ether 141.9 89 ... •••
14720 H2O Water 100 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 108 CslIisO Isobutyl ether 122 85.4 • •. ...
14721 HiO Water 100 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 107.5 C9II20O1 Diisobutoxy- 163.8 Nonazeotrope
mcthane
14722 H»0 Water 100 C4II10O Isobutyl alcohol 107.8 C10II22O1 Acetaldeliyde 171.3 Nonazeotrope
diisobutyl acetal
14723 HtO Water 100 C*H.N Pyridine 115.5 Cella 1,3-Cyclohexa- 80.8 M i n i m u m b.p.
diene
14724 II2O Water 100 CaHiN Pyridine 115 5 CftUio Cyclohexene 82.75 M i n i m u m b.p.
14725 II2O Water 100 CtlUX Pyridine 115.5 CeHi2 Cyclohexane 80.75 M i n i m u m b.p.
14726 H2O Water 100 CbHbN Pyridine 115.5 C7II10 Methylcyclo- M i n i m u m b.p.
hexadiene
14727 HiO Water 100 CiIhN Pyridine 115.5 C 7 Hie 1,1-Dimethyl- 87.8 M i n i m u m b.p.
cyclopentane
A-Component B-Component C-Component Azeotropic Data
B.P., B.P., B.P., B.P., Wt. Wt. Wt.
No. Formula Name ° C. Formula Name °a Formula Name °C. °C. %A %B %C Ref.
14728 HiO Water 100 CH*N Pyridine 115.5 CHu 1,2-Dimethyl- ... Minimum b.p. 376
cyclopentane
14729 H,0 Water 100 CH*N Pyridine 115 5 C7H14 1,3-Dimethyl- 90.8 Minimum b.p. 376
cyclopentane
14730 HtO Water 100 CH*N Pyridine 115.5 CTHU Methylcyclo- 101.2 80.0 5 .. • 376
hexane
14731 HtO Water 100 CH,N Pyridine 115.5 CHu n-Heptane 98.45 Minimum b.p. $76
14732 HiO Water 100 CH*N Pyridine 115.5 CtHit 3-Methylhexane 91.8 Minimum b.p. 376
14733 HiO Water 100 CH»N Pyridine 115.5 CHu Diisobutylene 101 Minimum b.p.
14734 HiO Water 100 CHitO Amyl alcohol 137.8 CHitOi Amyl formate 132 91.4 37.5 21.5 41 160
14735 HtO Water 100 CHitO Amyl alcohol 137.8 CHuOt Amyl aoetate 148.8 94.8 56.2 33.3 10.5 150, 173*
14736 HtO Water 100 CH„0 Amyl alcohol 138 CioHttO Amyl ether 188 95.94 ... ... 4*7
14737 HtO Water 100 CHitO Amyl alcohol 137.2 CuHt40t Diamyloxy- 221.6 Nonazeotrope 131
me thane
14738 HtO Water 100 CH„0 Amyl alcohol 137.5 CitHteOt Acetaldehyde 225.3 Nonazeotrope 20
diamyl acetal
14739 HtO Water 100 CH,tO tert-Ainyl alcohol 102 CHt Benzene 80.2 Nonazeotrope
14740 HiO Water 100 CH,tO /er/-Amyl alcohol 102 CHi, Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonazeotrope
us
24S
14741 HtO Water 100 CH,tO tert-Ainyl alcohol 102 CHt Toluene 110.7 ~82 ... ... US
14742 HtO Water 100 CHitO Isoamyl alcohol 131.3 CHt Benzene 80.2 Nonazeotrope 431
14743 HtO Water 100 CHitO Isoamyl alcohol 131.5 CeHitOt Isoamyl formate 124.2 89.8 32.4 19.6 48 160
14744 HtO Water 100 CHitO Isoamyl alcohol 131.3 CHi.ClOt Isoamyl chloro- 195.2 95.4 46.2 47.3 6.5 68
acetate
14745 HtO Water 100 CHi,0 Isoamyl alcohol 131.5 CiHuOt Isoamyl acetate 142 93.6 44.8 31.2 24 150.173*
14746 HtO Water 100 CHitO Isoamyl alcohol 132 CuHttO Isoamyl ether 171 94.4 ... ... 307
14747 HtO Water 100 CHi,0 Isoamyl alcohol 131.6 CitHtiOt Acetaldehyde di- 213.6 6 Nonazeotrope to
isoamyl acetal
14748 HtO Water 100 CHeO Phenol 182 CsHio Xylene 137 .•• Minimum b.p. 47
14749 HtO Water 100 CHitO 2-Methyl-2- CHuO 2,4,6-Trimethyl- 90.7 27.0 9.7 63.3 347
penten-4-ol 5,6-dihydro-l,2<
pyran
14750 HiN Ammonia -33 CsHtO Methyl ether -24 C1H1N Trimethylamine 3.5 Nonazeotrope 168
14751 HiN Ammonia -33 CIHIN Trimethylamine 3.5 CHt 1-Butene —6 Nonazeotrope 168
14752 HiN Ammonia -33 CHtN Trimethylamine 3.5 CHt 2-Methylpropene —6 Nonazeotrope 168
14753 HiN Ammonia -33 C1H9N Trimethylamine 3.5 CHu Butane 0 Nonazeotrope 168
14754 HiN Ammonia -•33 CiHiN Triinethylamine 3.5 C4H10 2-Methylpropane -- 1 0 Nonazeotrope
Carbon tetra- 76.75 CH40 Methanol 64.7 C«Hit 80.75
14755 ecu chloride
Cyclohexane Nonazeotrope
14757 ecu Carbon tetra- 76.75 CiHeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H8O 2-Butanone 79.6 Nonazeotrope
chloride
76.75 CiH«0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C«H»Oi E t h y l acetate
14758 ecu Carbon tetra-
chloride
77.05 Nonazeotrope
ecu Carbon tetra- ... CiHeO E t h y l alcohol ... C«H» Benzene Nonazeotrope
chloride
76.75 C 4 HsO 2-Butanone 79.6 C4H 8 0t Methyl 79.7
14760 ecu Carbon tetra-
chloride propionate
Nonazeotrope
14762 ecu Carbon tetra- 76.75 C4H»Ot E t h y l acetate 77.05 C«Hit Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonazeotrope
chloride
14763 CSi Carbon disulfide 46.25 CHiI Iodomethane 42.6 CH4O Methanol 64.7 35.95 ... ...
14764 CSt Carbon disulfide 46.25 CHiI Iodomethane 42.6 C1H4O1 M e t h y l formate 31.9 Nonazeotrope
14765 CSi Carbon disulfide 46.25 CHiI Iodomethane 42.5 CIHSOI Methylal 42.25 37.2? ... ...
14766 CSi Carbon disulfide 46.25 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C»H»Br Bromoethane 38.4 33.92 ~40 ~10
14767 CSi Carbon disulfide 46.25 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CiH.O Acetone 56.25 Nonazeotrope
14768 CSI Carbon disulfide 46.25 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CiH.Oi M e t h y l acetate 57.0 37 •. * ...
14769 CSi Carbon disulfide 46.25 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C.H7CI 1-Chloropropane 46.6 37? ... ...
14770 CSI Carbon disulfide 46.25 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C1H1O1 Methylal 42.25 35.55 55 7
14771 Cbi Carbon disulfide 46.25 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C»Hio 2-Methyl-2-butene 37.15 Nonazeotrope
14772 CSi Carbon disulfide 46.25 CtJfcOi M e t h y l formate 31.9 CiH»Br Bromoethane o8.4 24.7? 18? 60?
14773 CSi Carbon disulfide 46.25 C1H4O1 M e t h y l formate 31.9 C*Hi* 2-Methyl-2- 37.15 ~24 ...
butene
14774 CS* Carbon disulfide 46.25 CtrfcOt M e t h y l formate 31.9 C*Hu Pentane 36.15 21.5? ... ...
14775 CSi Carbon disulfide 46.25 CiHeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H8O 2-Butanone 79.6 Nonazeotrope
14776 CSI Carbon disulfide 46.25 CiHeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H8O1 Ethyl acetate 77.05 Nonazeotrope
14777 CSI Carbon disulfide 46.25 CiHsO Acetone 5 6 . 2 5> CIH«OI M e t h y l acetate 57.0 Nonazeotrope
14778 CSI Carbon disulfide 46.25 CIH.OI E t h y l formate 54.1 C»HTC1 1 -Chloro pro pane 46.6 38.2? ... ...
14779 CSI Carbon disulfide 46.25 CiHtO Isopropyl 8 2 . 4 5\ C4H*Oi E t h y l acetate 77.05 Nonazeotrope
alcohol
A-Component B-Component C-Component Azeotropic D a t a 10
B.l\, B.P., B.P., B.P., Wt Wt. Wt. 10
0 0 0 0
No: Formula Name C. Formula Name C. Formula Name C. C. % A % B %c Ref.
14780 CS 2 Carbon disulfide 4G.25 OlUOi Mcthylal 42.25 C*Hie 2-Methyl-2- 37.15 35.2? ••• ••• ••• 243
butene
14781 CHCli Chloroform 61 CH2CI1 Dichloromethane 40 CalhO Acetone 56.4 Nonazeotrope 110
14782 CIICli Chloroform 61 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CiH«0 Acetone 56.4 57.5 47 23 30 110
14783 CHCli Chloroform 61 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C6HM Hexane 68.95 Nonazeotrope 243
14784 CHCli Chloroform 61 C 2 H«0 Ethanol 78.3 C«IIl4 Hexane 68.95 ~58.3 ... ••• ••• 243
14785 CIIC1, Chloroform 61 C,II«0 Acetone 56.4 C«He Benzene 80.2 Nonazeotrope, V-l. $22
1478G ClhClj Dichloromethane 40 CH4O Methanol 64.7 CiH«0 Acetone 54.6 Nonazeotrope 110
14787 CIIiI Iodomethane 42.6 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C1II8O2 Mcthylal 42.25 38.5 ... 243
14788 CH3I Iodomethane 42.7 C1H4O1 M e t h y l formate 31.9 C*Hi2 Pentane 36.15 Nonazeotrope 243
14789 CIIiNOj Nitromethane 101.2 CiHsO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CJHIOO 3-Pentanone 102.2 Azeotropic 243
14790 CHINOJ Nitromethane 101.2 C 6 HioOi 3-Pentanone 102.2 C 6 HioOj Propyl acetate 101.55 99.0? ••• ••• 243
14791 CII4O Methanol 64.7 C 2 H»Br Bromoethane 38.4 Cellio 2-MethyU2- 37.15 31.4 15 55 30 243
butene
14792 riuo Methanol 64.7 CjHiBr Bromoethane 38.4 C*Hu 2-Methylbutane 27.95 Nonazeotrope 243
14793 CII40 Methanol 64.7 C2IU Iodoethane 72.3 CiH«0 Acetone 56.25 Nonazeotrope ? 243
1479! CH40 Methanol 64.7 Clhl Iodoethane 72.3 C4II8O, E t h y l acetate 77.05 Nonazeotrope 243
14795 Clho Methanol 64.7 CiH«0 Acetone 56.25 CtlisOt M e t h y l acetate 57.0 53.9 ••• ••• ••• 243
CII40 Methanol ••• CilleO Acetone .. • CsHeOj M e t h y l acetate Nonazeotrope 127
14790 CH40 Methanol 64.7 CiH«0 Acetone 56.25 C4H9CI l-Chloro-2- 68.85 52.0 .«. ••• •• . 243
methylpropane
ADVAI
14797 OII40 Methanol 64,7 CiHoO Acetone 56.4 C«II,2 Cyclohexane 80.75 51.1 16 43.5 40.5 117
14798 CIUO Methanol 64.7 CiH«0 Acetone 56.25 Cellu Hexane 68.95 Nonazeotrope 24$
14799 CII40 Methanol 64.7 CiHeOt M e t h y l acetate 57 C«Hi2 Cyclohexane 80.75 50.8 17.8 48.6 33.6 117 0
14800 CIUO Methanol 64.7 CiHoOi Methylal 42.25 C 6 riio 2-Methyl-2- 37.15 Nonazeotrope 24$ rn
en
butene
14801 CH40 Methanol 64.7 C4H80i E t h y l acetate 77.05 CJI12 Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonazeotrope 24$ Z
14802 CII40 Methanol 64.7 Celie Benzene 80.2 CeHia Cyclohexene 82.75 Nonazeotrope 24$ n
IEMIST
14803 CAUQ Methanol 64.7 CiHe Benzene 80.2 CeHit Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonazeotrope 24$
14804 CH4O Methanol 64.7 C4H8 1,3-Cyclohexa- 80.8 C«II,2 Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonazeotrope 24$
diene
14805 C2CI4 Tetrachloro- 120.8 C2H4O1 Acetic acid 118.5 CiHsCIO Epichlorohydrin 116.45 Nonazeotrope 24$ -<
ethylene
.ERIES
14806 C2CI4 Tetrachloro- 120.8 CIHICIO Epichlorohydrin 116.45 CHBO Propyl alcohol 97.2 Nonazeotrope 24$
ethyiene
14807 C 2 CU Tetrachloro- 120.8 C1H1CIO Epichlorohydrin 116.45 C4H0I l-Iodo-2-methyl- 120 Azeotrope ?
ethylene propane
14808 CtCU Tetrachloro- 120.8 CiHiClO Epichlorohydrin 116.45 C4H1QO Isobutyl alcohol 108.0 Nonazeotrope
ethylene
14809 C*CU Tetrachloro- 120.8 CiHiClO Epichlorohydrin 116.45 C»HuO Isoamyl alcohol 131.8 Nonazeotrope
ethylene
14810 C2CI4 Tetrachloro- 120.8 CiEUCIO Epichlorohydrin 116.45 C«Hi 2 Ot E t h y l butyrate 119.9 Nonazeotrope
ethylene
14811
ecu Tetrachloro- 120.8 CJHIOOI E t h y l carbonate 126.0 CH12O Isoamyl alcohol 131.8 < 116.0? ... ...
ethylene
14812 C2CI4 Tetrachloro- 120.8 CelluOt Isoamyl formate 123.6 CiHuOi Paraldehyde 124 ~117.6 45 25
ethyiene
14813 CjHiClOt Chloroacetic 186.5 C 7 H 7 Br o-Bromotoluene 181.75 Ciollie d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope
acid
14814 CjHiCiOt Chloroacetic 186.5 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 CioHn d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope
acid
14815 CjHiBrt 1,2-Dibromo- 131.5 CilUOt Acetic acid 118.5 C!H,C1 Chlorobenzene 131.8 Nonazeotrope
ethane
14816 CtHiBrj 1,2-Dibromo- 131.5 CsH.Ot Propionic acid 140.7 CelUCl Chlorobenzene 131.8 127.5 • • • . • •
ethane
14817 CtlhBri 1,2-Dibromo- 131.5 C»HitO Isoamyl alcohol 131.8 C#HiCl Chlorobenzene 131.8 Nonazeotrope
ethane
14818 CtH 4 Bri 1,2-Dibromo- 131.5 C 6 HitO Isoamyl alcohol 131.8 CtHu Ethylbenzene 136.15 Nonazeotrope
ethane
14819 CjHiOt Acetic acid 118.5 CiH*C10 Epichlorohydrin 116.45 C7H8 Toluene 110.7 Nonazeotrope
14820 CjEUOt M e t h y l formate 31.9 CtH*Br Bromoethane 38 4 C*H« Isoprene 34.1 <23 ... •. •
14821 C1H4O1 M e t h y l formate 31.9 CtHiBr Bromoethane 38.4 CiHu 2-Methyl-2-butene i 37.15 24.1 ... ...
14822 CiH40t M e t h y l formate 31.9 C 2 H*Br Bromoethane 38.4 C*H„ 2-Methylbutane 27.95 16.95 ~52 ~5
14823 CtH40t M e t h y l formate 31.9 C»H*Br Bromoethane 38.4 C6Hi, Pentane 36.15 21.7? ... ...
14824 C2H4O1 M e t h y l formate 31.9 CHeS Ethanethiol 24.3 C1H10 2-Methyl-2- 37.15 24? ...
butene
14825 C2H4O1 M e t h y l formate 31.9 C4II10O E t h y l ether 34.6 CiHu 2-Methyl-2- 37.15 24 . •» •••
butene
14826 C1H4O1 M e t h y l formate 31.9 C4H10O E t h y l ether 34.6 C§Hit Pentane 36.15 20.4 40 8
14827 CjEUOt M e t h y l formate 31.9 CiHn Cyclopentane 49.3 CeHi 4 2,2-Dimethyl- 49.7 Nonazeotrope
butane
14828 CJHSI Iodoethane 72.3 CtHeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4HgO, E t h y l acetate 77.05 Nonazeotrope
14829 C 2 H»0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H8O 2-Butanone 79.6 C4H 8 0t E t h y l acetate 77.0 Nonazeotrope
14830 C 2 HeO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4H8O 2-Butanone 79.6 C4H 8 0t M e t h y l propionate 79.7 Nonazeotrope
14831 C 2 H»0 E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C4lIsO 2-Butanone 79.6 CeHe Benzene 80.2 Nonazeotrope
A-Component B-Compoaent C-Component Aseotropic Data
B.P., B.P., B.P., B.P., Wt. Wt. Wt.
No. Formula Name ° C. Formula Name °C. Formula Name °C. °C. % A % B % C Ref.
14832 CiHeO Ethyl alcohol 78.3 C 4 HtO 2-Butanone 79.6 CtHis Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonazeotrope 24$
14833 CiHtO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 C 4 HtOi E t h y l a cet a t e 77.05 CtHi, Cyclohexane 80.75 64.3? 24$
14834 CiHtO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CtHiCl l-Chloro-2- 68.95 CtHu Hexane 68.95 Azeotropic ? 24$
methylpropane
14835 CtHtO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CtHuOSi Ethoxytri- 75-76 CtHi Benzene 80.2 M i n i m u m b.p. 86
methylsilane
14836 CiHtO E t h y l alcohol 78.3 CtHt Benzene 80.2 C*Hu Cyclohexane 80.75 Nonazeotrope 24$
14837 CiHeOi Glycol 197.4 CtH7N Aniline 184.35 CitHit d-Limonene 177.8 162.45 24$
14838 CtHiClO Epichlorohydrin 116.45 CtHtO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CTHI Toluene 110.7 Nonazeotrope 24$
14839 CtHiClO Epichlorohydrin 116.45 CiHiI l - I o d o - 2 - m e t h y l - 120 CtHisOt E t h y l butyrate 119.9 Nonazeotrope 24$
propane
14840 CtHiClO Epichlorohydrin 116.45 C4H10O Isobutyl alcohol 1 0 8 . 0 CjHt Toluene 110.7 Nonazeotrope 24$
14841 CtHtl 3-Iodopropene 102 CtHtO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CtHioO 3-Pentanone 102.2 Nonazeotrope 24$
14842 CiHiI 3-Iodopropene 102 CiHitO 3-Pentanone 102.2 CtHitOt Propyl acetate 101.55 Azeotropic ? 24$
14843 CIHII 3-Iodopropene 102 CtHioO 3-Pentanone 102.2 CTHU Methylcyclo- 101.8 Azeotropic ? 24$
hexane
14844 CtHtCUO l,3-Dichloro-2- 174.5 C4H6O4 M e t h y l oxalate 163.3 CioHit d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 24$
propanol
14845 CiHiCUO l»3-Dichloro-2- 174.5 CtHisOt Propyl lactate 171.7 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 Nonazeotrope 24$
propanol
14846 CtaciiO l,3-Dichloro-2- 174.5 CtHitOt Propyl lactate 171.7 CitHit d-Limonene 177.8 165.5? ... 24$
propanol
14847 CtHtCUO l,3-Dichloro-2- 174.5 C7H7C a-Chloro toluene 179.35 CioHit d-Limonene 177.8 165.5? ••• ••• ... 24$
propanol
14848 CtHiCliO 2,3-Dichloro-l- 183 CtHitO aec-Octyi alcohol 1 7 8 . 7 CitHit d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 24$
propanol
14849 CiHtO Acetone 56.25 C 4 HtCl l-Chloro-2- 68.85 CtHu Hexane 68.95 Nonazeotrope 24$
methylpropane 1
14850 CiHtO Acetone 56.4 C7Ht Toluene 110.4 CTHU Methylcyclo- 100.8 Liquid-vapor equilibrium U
hexane
14851 CtHtO Isopropyl 82.45 C 4 HtOt E t h y l acetate 77.05 CtHu Cyclohexane 80.75 '**'t>8.3 ••• ••« ••• 24$
alcohol
14852 CtHiO Propyl alcohol 97.2 C1H10O 3-Pentanone 102.2 CiHitOi Propyl acetate 101.55 Nonazeotrope 24$
14853 CtHtO Propyl alcohol 97.2 CtHi Benzene 80.2 CtHu Cyclohexane 80.75 <74? 24$
14854 CiHsOi Methylal 42 25 CtHio 2-Methyi-2- 37.15 CiHu Pentane 36.15 Nonazeotrope
butene
14855 C4H<04 Methyl oxalate 163.3 C»H40i 2-Furaldehyde 161.5 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 Nonazeotrope
14856 C4He04 Methyl oxalate 163.3 CeHsBr Bromobenzene 156.1 CeHuO Cyclohexanol 160.65 Nonazeotrope
14857 C4He04 Methyl oxalate 163.3 CeHsBr Bromobenzene 156.1 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 Nonazeotrope
14858 C4H«04 Methyl oxalate 163.3 CeHuO Cyclohexanol 160.65 C»His Mesitylene 164 <154.5
14859 C4llt04 Methyl oxalate 163.3 CeHuO Cyclohexanol 160.65 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 Reacts
14860 C4H6O4 Methyl oxalate 163.3 C»Hu Mesitylene 164.0 CuHn Nopinene 163.8 Nonazeotrope
14861 CiHiBrOi Ethyl bromo- 158.2 CeHsBr Bromobenzene 156.1 C10H10 a-Pinene 155.8 < 152.3? ...
acetate
14862 CiHiBrOj Ethyl bro mo- 158.2 CeHuO Cyclohexanol 160.65 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 Nonazeotrope
acetate
14863 CiHiBrOi Ethyl bro mo- 158.2 CTHIO Anisole 153.85 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 <150.4 ... ...
acetate
14864 C4H7CIO1 Ethyl chloro- 143.5 C4H8O1 Methyl lactate 144.8 CsHio m-Xylene 139.0 Nonazeotrope
acetate
14865 C4H7CIO1 Ethyl chloro- 143.5 C7H14O1 Propyl butyrate 143 CtHi» m-Xylene 139.0 Nonazeotrope
acetate
14866 C4HSO 2-Butanone 79.6 CeHeOt Propyl formate 80.8 CeHe Benzene 80.2 Nonazeotrope
14867 C4H8O 2-Butanone 79.6 CTHI Toluene 110.7 C7Hie n-Heptane 98.45 Nonazeotrope, V-l.
14868 C4H8O1 Ethyl acetate 77.1 C4H10O Butyl alcohol 117.7 C7H1 Toluene 110.7 Nonazeotrope
14869 C4H8O1 Isobutyric acid 154.35 CiHsBr Bromobenzene 156.1 CioHu a-Pinene 155.8 146.4 ... ...
14870 C4HSO1 Isobutyric acid 154.35 CTHIO Anisole 153.85 CHHM a-Pinene 155.8 143.9 ... ...
14871 C4H10O Ethyl ether 34.6 CsHio 2-Methyl-2- 37.15 CsHit Pentane 36.15 Nonazeotrope
butene
14872 CsHsN Pyridine 115.3 CsHnN Piperidine 105.8 C«Hu Diisobutylene 102.5 98.6 ...
14873 CiHioOi Isovaleric acid 176.5 CTHSO Benzaldehyde 179.2 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 Nonazeotrope
14874 C»Hl0Ot Isovaleric acid 176.5 CiHtO Bensaldehyde 179.2 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 168.7 ... ...
14875 CsUioOt Isovaleric acid 176.5 C7H7CI a-Chloro toluene 1 7 9 . 3 5 C10H14 Cymene 175.3 167.8? ... ...
14876 CtHieOi Isovaleric acid 176.5 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 168.7? ... ...
14877 CsHioOi Isovaleric acid 176.5 C7H1CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 CioHisO Cineole 176.¾ Azeotropic ?
14878 CsHsBr Bromobenzene 156.1 CeHeO Phenol 181.5 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 152.6? ... ...
14879 CeHsBr Bromobenzene 156.1 CeHuO Cyclohexanol 160.65 CioHie Camphene -158 >153.4? ... ...
14880 CeHsBr Bromobenzene 156.1 CeHuO Cyclohexanol 160.65 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 Azeotropic ?
14881 CeHsBr Bromobenzene 156.1 CeHuClOi Chloroacetal 156.8 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 Nonazeotrope
14882 CeHsCIO a-Chlorophenol 175.5 C7H7Br o-Bromotoluene 181.75 CioHie - d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope
14883 CeHsNOt Nitrobenzene 210.85 C7H 8 0 Benzy alcohol 205.5 C11H14O1 Diisoamyloxy- 207.5 197? •»» • •»
methane
A-Component B-Component C-Component Azeotropic Data
B.P., B.P., B.P., B.P., Wt. Wt. Wt.
0 0 0 0
No. Formula Name C. Formula Name C. Formula Name C. C. % A % B % C Ref.
14884 CelleO Phenol 181.5 C 7 Il7Br a-Bromotoluene 181.75 CioIIu d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 243
14885 CeH 7 N Aniline 184.35 C6H10O4 E t h y l oxalate 178.6 C 7 H7Br a-Bromotoluene 181.75 Reacts 243
14886 CCIITN Aniline 184.35 C«Hio04 E t h y l oxalate 185 C7H7Br p-Bro mo toluene 185 Reacts 243
14887 CeII 7 N Aniline 184.35 CJI10O4 E t h y l oxalate 185 CioIIu d-Limonene 177.8 Reacts 243
14888 CeH 7 N Aniline 184.35 CeHioCU Ethyl oxalate 185 CioHu Terpinene 180.5 Reacts 243
14889 CcH 7 N Aniline 184.35 C7H7Br a-Bromotoluene 181.75 CaHiaO eec-Octyl alcohol 178.7 Nonazeotrope 243
14890 CeH 7 N Aniline 184.35 C 7 Il7Br a-Bromotoluene 181.75 CioIIie d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 243
14891 C«H 7 N Aniline 184.35 C7II8O Benzyl alcohol 205.5 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 243
14892 C6TT7N Aniline 184.35 C8H,80 «ec-Octyl alcohol 178.7 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 243
14893 C«H,oO Cyclohcxanone 156.7 C7H*0 Anisole 153.85 CioIIie a-Pinene 155.8 Nonazeotrope ? 243
14894 C«HioOi E t h y l aceto- 180.7 C7H7Br a-Bromotoluene 181.75 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 243
acetate
14895 CeHioOt E t h y l aceto- 180.7 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 CioIIie d-Limonene 177.8 168.8? •*» ••» ••• 243
acetate
14896 CellioOi E t h y l aceto- 180.7 C9Hi, Mesitylene 164.0 CioHu Nopinene 163.8 Nonazeotrope 243
acetate
14897 CeHio04 E t h y l oxalate 185 C7H7Br a-Bromotoluene 181.75 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 243
14898 C6H12O Cyclohexanol 160.65 C7H8O Anisole 153.85 CioHie a-Pinene 155.8 Nonazeotrope 243
14899 CeH 12 Oi Propyl lactate 171.7 C7H7CI a-Chlorotol uene 179.35 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 243
14900 CeHi 2 Ot Propyl lactate 171.7 CsHioO Phenetole 171.5 CioH l 8 Menthene 170.8 163.0 31 33 36 243
14901 CTHCO Benzaldehyde 179.2 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 Nonazeotrope 243
14902 C7lIeO Benzaldehyde 179.2 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 CioHie Terpinene 180.5 Nonazeotrope 243
14903 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 C7Hl40t Isobutyl lactate 182.15 CioIIie d-Limonene 177.8 172.5 243
14904 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 C7H14O1 Isobutyl lactate 182.15 CioHu Terpinene 180.5 Azeotrope doubtful 243
14905 C7H7CI a-Chlorotoluene 179.35 CgHisO «ec-Octyl alcohol 178.7 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 Azeotropic ? 243
14906 C 7 Hs Toluene 110.4 C7H14 Methylcyclo- 100.8 C7H18 n-Heptane 98.4 Liquid-vapor equilibrium 43
hexane
14907 C7II14O1 Isobutyl lactate 182.15 CsHuO «ee-Octyl alcohol 178.7 CioHie d-Limonene 177.8 Reacts 248
14908 C7H14O1 Isobutyl lactate 182.15 C8Hi80 *ec-Octyl alcohol 178.7 CioHie Terpinene 180.5 Nonazeotrope H3
TABLE III. FORMULA INDEX
The following index lists all compounds appearing in the azeotropic tables, together with
the numbers of the systems in which each compound appears.
267
268 ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES
Bibliography
Adelson and Evans, U. S. Patent 2,500,596 (1950).
Agliardi, Chimica e industria (Milan), 28, 87 (1946).
Alpert and Elving, Ind. Eng. Chem., 41, 2864 (1949).
American Cyanamid Co., New Product Bull. 13 (March 1950).
Amick and Harney, U. S. Patent 2,487,086 (1949).
Andrews and Spence, Ibid., 2,061,889 (1936).
Ibid., 2,126,600 (1938).
Anon., Oil, Paint Drug Reptr., 156, No. 18, 4 (Oct. 4, 1949).
Aston, Kennedy, and Messerly, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 63, 2343 (1911).
Atkins, J. Chem. Soc., 117, 218 (1920).
Babcock, U. S. Patent 2,049,486 (1936).
Ibid., 2,461,191 (1949).
Bahr and Zieler, Z. angew. allgem. Chem., 43, 286 (1930).
Baker et al., Ind. Eng. Chem., 31, 1260, 1263 (1939).
Bakowski and Treszczanowicz, Przemysl Chem., 22, 211 (1938).
Bancelin and Rivat, Bull. soc. chim., (4) 25, 552 (1919).
Baney, U. S. Patent 2,425,220 (1947).
Barrett Division, Allied Chemical and Dye Corp., Chem. Inds., 33, 513 (1933).
Baud, Bull. soc. chim., (4) 5, 1022 (1909).
Beduwe, Bull. soc. chim. Belg., 34, 41 (1925).
Benning, U. S. Patents 2,450,414-15 (1948).
Benning and Park, Ibid., 2,384,449 (1945).
Berg and Harrison, Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Engrs., 43, 487 (1947).
Berg and Harrison, U. S. Patent 2,442,229 (1948).
Ibid., 2,477,715 (1949).
Berg, Harrison, and Montgomery, Ind. Eng. Chem., 38, 1149 (1946),
Berthelot, Compt. rend., 57, 430 (1863).
Birch, Collis, and Lowry, Nature, 158, 60 (1946).
Bishop and Denton, Ind. Eng. Chem., 42, 883 (1950).
Bloomer, U. S. Patent 2,381,996 (1945).
Bludworth and Flower, Ibid., 2,381,032 (1945).
Bonner, Bonner, and Gurney, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 55, 1406 (1933).
Bonner and Wallace, Ibid., 52, 1747 (1930).
Bouillon, Compt. rend., 230, 1290 (1950).
Bouzat and Schmitt, Ibid., 198, 1923 (1934).
Bozza and Gallarati, Giorn. chim. ind. applicata, 13» 163 (1931).
Bramer et al., U. S. Patent 2,090,652 (1937).
Brandon, Ibid., 2,459,410 (1949).
Brant, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 64, 2224 (1942).
Bremner, Jones, and Coats, Brit. Patent 592,919 (1947).
Briner and Cardoso, Compt. rend., 144, 911 (1907).
Britton, Nutting, and Horsley, Anal. Chem., 19, 601 (1947).
Broick, Dept. of Commerce, OTS Rept., PB 76303.
Bromiley and Quiggle, Ind. Eng. Chem., 25, 1136 (1933).
Brooks, U. S. Patent 2,436,286 (1948).
Brown, J. Chem. Soc, 35, 547 (1879).
Brown, U. S. Patent 2,286,056 (1942).
Brunjes and Furnas, Ind. Eng. Chem., 27, 396 (1935).
Buchheim, Ger. Patent 616,596; Chem. Zentr., 1935, II, 3703.
Buell, U. S. Patent 2,382,603 (1945).
Burgin, Hearne, and Rust, Ind. Eng. Chem., 33, 385 (1941).
Bushmakin, Begetova, and Kuchinskaya, Sintet. Kauchuk, No. 4, 8 (1936).
Bushmakin and Kuchinskaya, Ibid., No. 5, 3 (1936).
Bushmakin and Voeikova, J. Gen. Chem. (U.S.S.R.), 19, 1615 (1949).
Bylewski, Roczniki Chem., 13, 322 (1933).
Cadbury, J. Chem. Education, 12, 292 (1933).
Calder and Fleer, U. S. Patents 2,401,335-6 (1946).
Calices and Hannotte, Ing. chim., 20, 1 (1936).
Calingaert and Wojciechowski, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 72, 5310 (1950).
Campbell and Dulmage, Ibid., 70, 1723 (1948).
Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp., Catalog, 12th ed., 1945.
Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp., "Cellosolve and Carbitol Solvents," Jan. 1, 1947.
Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp., Chem. Inds., 33, 521 (1933).
Carey and Lewis, Ind. Eng. Chem., 24, 882 (1932).
Carley and Bertelsen, III, Ibid., 41, 2806 (1949).
Carnell, U. S. Patent 2,430,388 (1947).
Carpenter, Davis, and Wiedeman, Ibid., 2,401,103 (1946).
Carlson, Ibid., 2,381,876 (1945).
BIBLIOGRAPHY 309
Pressure has a marked effect on the azeotropic composition and vapor-liquid equilib-
rium diagrams of alcohol-ketone systems (if). This is due to the fact that the slopes
of the vapor pressure curves of alcohols are appreciably greater than for ketones; it
results in an unusually larger change in the relative boiling points of the components of
an alcohol-ketone system with change in pressure.
As a result of the study of these systems, it has been found that the methanol-
acetone azeotrope exhibits the unusual phenomenon of becoming nonazeotropic at both
low and high pressures—that is, below 200-mm. pressure the system is nonazeotropic with
methanol as the more volatile product, while above 15,000 mm. the system is nonazeo-
tropic with acetone the more volatile component.
Some of the equilibrium data for this system and two other alcohol-ketone azeotropes
are shown in Figures 1 and 2 on the following pages.
The similarity of the diagrams for the different systems at suitable pressures is of
interest. For example, the diagram for methanol-acetone at 10,000 mm. corresponds
approximately to the diagram for methanol-methyl ethyl ketone at 1000 mm. and for
ethanol-methyl propyl ketone at 100 mm.
Literature Cited
(1) Britton, E. C.t Nutting, H. S.t and Horaley, L. H. (to Dow Chemical Co.), U. S. Patent 2,324,255
(July 13, 1943).
315
316 ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES
180 k"
ft\ 5,400 mm.
160
1 I.09C mm»
• i
i
140
o 120
z
o 100
fc 3
Q.
0 ^
^ s f mrri . ~ |
z \
80]
747 mm.
60
20
10
0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100
1.090 mn1 .
\ '
\*v
k
Y N
/
1
1
47 nnm.
200 Tt\ft\.
A rapid and easily applicable method has been found for indicating the effect of pres-
sure on the composition and boiling point of an azeotropic system. The method
is based on the use of the Cox vapor pressure chart (/) on which the log of vapor pressure
is plotted as a function of l/(t° C. + 230) to give a straight line over a wide range of pres-
sures.
Lecat (#) has considered the use of the vapor pressure curves of azeotropes to indicate
the pressure at which a system would become nonazeotropic. However, he plotted in
the conventional manner and could obtain the curves only by detailed experimental
work.
It has been found that the vapor pressure curves of azeotropes are straight lines when
plotted on a Cox chart which permits determination of the complete vapor pressure curve
from the data at two pressures.
C = BINARY AZEOTROPE
A.B.PURE COMPONENTS
/ A
POSITIVE /
MEOTROK /
Since an azeotrope by definition has either a higher or a lower vapor pressure than
that of any of the components, the azeotropic vapor pressure curve will always lie above
or below the curves of the components. This is indicated schematically in Figure 1
where A and B are vapor pressure curves of the components and C is the vapor pressure
of the azeotrope. If curve C crosses either A or B} the azeotropic vapor pressure is no
longer greater or less than any of the components and the system will become nonazeo-
tropic at the point of intersection. On the other hand, if the azeotropic curve is parallel
to the other curves the system will be azeotropic up to the critical pressure.
The method has been successfully applied to numerous systems, four of which are
shown in Figure 2. The azeotrope methanol-methyl ethyl ketone became nonazeotropic
318
IO.OOOI 10.000
1 1 1 F=P1 9,000 B = ^ I I I I |yf|||IIMH
i i Wr* i i i
3 ACETONE U J
MFTHAIllll . MHHYI ETHTL M I UN E M ETHANOL ACETONE
i i i i 4,000
4,000 METHANOL -
\ AZEOTROPE-
11 1 A
"2 /J
2,000
- METHYL ETHYL
//
KETONE | 1 1 1 1 11
1.000 -y 1,000
#_
L-.
•oo —.<
soo Jr
600
J
/ 600
400 / 400
/ / - METHANOL
>kZEC>TR0 PE- f
900 \/
200 /
J
100 100 /
-20 —10 0 10 20 30 40 60 10 100 120 160 200 240 20 —10 0 10 20 30 40 60 90 100 120 160 200 240
1.000 J 100
000
—r~ 90 r~
f
—}
4_ r/ 60 I /f
/
600 if \
400
j
/ 40 \z\r i'
r
f /
200 ! 4f
i/ 20
Jf
100
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 j \J
60 90 100 120 160 200 240
10
-20 -10 0
/
10 20 30 40 60 90 100 120 160 200 240l
COX SCALE , / ( T
TEMPERATURE X . +2301
Figure 2. Azeotropic Vapor Pressure Curves of Methanol-Methyl Ethyl Ketone,
Methanol-Acetone, Water-n-Propanol, and Water-Ethanol
320 ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SEMES
at 3000 mm. of mercury after it was predicted that this would occur at 2000 to 4000 mm.
The azeotrope methanol-acetone was studied in detail after it was predicted that the
azeotropism would disappear at both low and high pressures. This system is non-
azeotropic below 200 mm. of mercury and above 15,000 mm. compared to predicted
limits of 200 to 500 mm. and 10,000 to 20,000 mm. While this is the only azeotropic
system known to become nonazeotropic at both low and high pressures, there are indica-
tions that the phenomenon occurs in several other systems, contrary to the conclusions
of Lecat that such systems probably do not exist (3).
Caution should be used in extrapolating curves to very low pressures because of the
possibility of curvature in the vapor pressure lines over a manyfold range of pressures.
In cases where only the normal azeotropic boiling point is known, it is possible to
predict the effect of pressure on the system by drawing the azeotrope curve through the
normal boiling point with a slope equal to the average slopes of the component vapor
pressure curves. This procedure will permit a fairly accurate prediction of whether the
azeotrope will cease to exist below the critical pressure.
Literature Cited
(1) Cox, Ind. EnQ. Chem.t 15, 592 (1928).
(2) Lecat, M
Ann. soc. set. Bruzelles, 49B, 261-333 (1929).
(3) Lecat, Trait6 de Chimie Organique," Vol. 1, p. 139, Paris, Grignard, Mason et Cie., 1936,
Graphical Method for Predicting Azeotropism
and Effect of Pressure on Azeotropic Constants
L H. HORSLEY
The Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich.
Lecat {2) has devised an analytical method for determining azeotropic boiling points
and compositions for certain related groups of binary systems. The method is
based on the fact that the composition and boiling point of an azeotrope are related to
the relative boiling points of the two components.
Lecat thus obtained a series of equations of the form
6 = a + | A | 6 + A2c
C = d + Ae + A2/
where A = (boiling point of component A) — (boiling point of component B)
| A| = difference in boiling point of A and B (absolute value of A)
C = azeotropic composition in weight per cent A
& = difference in boiling point of azeotrope and the lower boiling component
a, 6, / = constants for a given series of related azeotropes such as methanol-
hydrocarbons
Note that A may be positive or negative; | A | is always positive.
From a practical standpoint, for determining the azeotropic constants of a system, the
plots of the above equations have been found more useful and are given in Figures 1 to 5
for forty-five systems for which data are available. Up to this time only the curve for
ethanol-halide hydrocarbons has been published (1).
Another use for this set of curves is for estimating the azeotropic boiling point and
composition at pressures other than atmospheric. Consider the azeotrope methanol-
benzene. Since the vapor pressure curves of methanol and benzene are known, the dif-
ference in boiling point, A, can be obtained at any pressure. From this value of A and
the C-A curve for methanol-hydrocarbons the azeotropic concentration C at that pressure
can be determined. For example, the effect of pressure on the methanol-benzene azeo-
trope is shown in Table I.
Similar curves and data for other systems over the pressure range indicated are also
shown. In each case the curve is the same as the general curves of Figures 1 to 5, while
the experimental points are for the particular system and for the pressure range indicated.
In the same way, the 5-| A| curves of Figures 1 to 5 can be used to determine 8 and
the azeotropic boiling point at any pressure from the value of | A| at that pressure.
While the agreement between predicted and experimental values is far from perfect,
the method has served as a valuable guide in estimating effect of pressure on azeotropic
systems.
It is recognized that it would be more convenient to be able to plot pressure instead
of A as a function of C and 5. However, this would require a separate curve for each
azeotrope, whereas the above method permits use of a single curve for a large group of
systems.
Literature Cited
(1) Lecat, Ann. soc. set. Bruxelles, 55B, 43 (1935).
(2) Lecat, Compt. rend., 183, 880(1926); 184,816(1927); 189,990(1929); Ann. soc. set. Bruxelles,
47B, 39, 87 (1927); 48B, 1, 105 (1928); 49B, 28, 119 (1929); 55B, 43, 253 (1935); 56B,
41 (1936); Attiaccad. nazl. Lincei, (6) 9,1121 (1929); Z. anorg. allgem. Chem., 186,119 (1930).
GRAPHICAL METHOD FOR PREDICTING AZEOTROPISM 323
V*
nn n n 19 1
q 1 —1i i i i 1
P mfDR0--|-j
h in n it- nrm 12
pr r n n i i M
12
PROPANOISI-
M AN( HYDROCARBON! ETHANOL -HYDROCARBONS AUYl ALCOHOL CARBONS 1
\
•\ 6 • 6
s«;
%^ *•
• ^\ > 4 ^
0 • 0
20 40 eo eo »0^,120 0 20 40 eo eo 100,4,120 0 10 20 »0 40
»°ia*
c p pp P P
HA 101
P P P P P
HYORI)CARBI INS
P c pr m r r r r r r
; THANOl - HYDROCARBONS
q c ; • 1 1 1
PROPANOIC
J
100
m 100
100 —
*U>
00
V>
^^
^*
\ <•
40
40 >
s,
0 0 0
-120 - 6 0 - 4 0 0 40 60 ^ 120 -120 -60 -40 0 40 60 ^ 120 «120 - 6 0 - 4 0 0 40 60 A 120
16
Lii I i i i m
,2 P BUTANOLS- HYDRO!IARBONS
q e rr - ISOAMYL ALCOHOL FjrHYDRO 7 —] [7 P i l P
r m p r n MIARBONS
W
r~t r r r i T"TTT TI ^ - DIETHYL CARBINOL HJARBONS] HEXANOLS •HYDRO
e LI 1 1 1 1 1 1 fr
IM |
rril *—• • 1
• % x.
•A
>
<w*
10 20 30 40 50 60 20 30 40 SO ^,00 10 20 30 40 30,4,60
c 1n n P n n n n n n q c
pp
m TA (OLS - HY DRI)CA RBI INSP
p P P P P P P P c
p pP PPPPP P Pp
; tin ANI IIS -i YD ;AR 101IS AN OLS -1 IYO ROi
HO IS :AR BO
100 100 too
00 N\ v
60 60
N
40 s 40 40
•
0 0 ^ 0
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 -60 -40 -20 20 40 A 60 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60
nnq q
92
rr p pp
32 16 1
p pP r r T T T l P P P P P P P P P pP ~T T l P P
r
SLYCO .-V ITDROCARBONS ;LY CEI 01 IYI RO ;AI BO IS HYDIlOCJUIBONS
24
k 24 12 m NO
^
k S^
•>
s^,
n o •
• •vl 4 ^
•
0 20 40 60
T--1- Sal
60
- * A
100^,120 20 40 60 60
• i
100,..120
0
10 20 30 40 flO,A|*&
fc" n P P P P P P P
GLY CO HYI IROCAI (BONS
p r c
p pSLYPCEIPtOLP- 1 n n p
tot !AR
nnr c pp P P
'_ WE NO .- HYI IROCAI IBONS
PPPPPP
YD 10«IS
lAA
100 V
60 K sr" 09
^
ss •
40 40
"•>Sv„ * #
^ 0 0 _^
-120 - 6 0 - 4 0 0 40 60 120 -120-60-40 0 40 60 120-30-20-10 10 20 ^ 3 0
[T nnnnn nnnn
16
71M I N I M I N I n n
_£^ M i l l M I N I n
SOI 5 - HI DR OCAiRB PYROCATECHIN -HYDROCARBON! a IES0RCIN01- HYDROCARBONS
12
6 •
^s
4 4
• • • 0
• 0
10 IS 20 25 ^ 3 0 10 20 30 40 30^60 20 30 40 40,4,60
c n n n n n nn r Jln n n;AT ECnl 111 1 1 c nM i l l M M n
'_ so s- HI DR DC/ ON PYRO IN •HYDROCARBONS IES0RCIN01- • HYDROCARBON!
>*
100 •00 wo
60 60
1A
40 40
0 • 0 0
- 3 0 -20 HO 0 10 20 A 30 -30 -20 HO 10 20 4 30 -30-30-10 0 10 20 A 30
m
s> 6 k"Nv•
KAI«IP. inn
"HCARBONS
- B W
1 1\ P T T
• >
A
V 4 s L
^«
sx ^
0
20 40
^s
60
^ Ek.
60 100,4,120
0
10 20 30
^
40 SOfe,60 10 20
> Ji.
30 40 30 ^ , 6 0
fjnnnn nnn nnnn Tn n n n n n
mn n n n n
PROPIONIC ACID
f( HYDRO
RM IC ACI 0 - HY DRi ICAJtB< IN A IC AC ID- 'OR DCIiRB )N BUTYRIC ACID
100 too 1 VALERIC ACID CARBONS.
00 V , AA
^N
40
• At%
*" ^^
0 0 ^
-60 •40 -20 0 20 40 A 60 ••o -40 -ao 0 20 40 A 60
[7 n n n n n n n r r r [* \
n n r n n 1 | | [7 nn n n n n n rr
. ME1
"HiNO,-HAUOE
I 11 !THANl
ll-HA
LID E 1
. PRIPAMlS - H A I I D E T 1
.•
.|IYnDArADDnii6
nr
k.> \
— nvnRM
l u l lnui;AR SONS
k\ V n
5
.• \ V | 1
• 6
> "S
*
* >
J J.-,
>k •
V <s
10 20 30
•
40
•
30 ,4,60 0 fO 20
J_
^ -^
30
•
40
LL 60,4,60 0 10
•
10 90
.< ^.
40 SO ^ 6 0
T n nn n n n n r c
n
1 m n n HTT _C_
n n n n nl n n rrr1
. MCM
I ANOI
.•HAUDE1 THJWOL- HAilD E _ »R|]IPAMOS-HAUDE 1
lOO
60
>
v\ *_
•Br
. uvnnnniBDOK
;- IOC
60
. uvnpnriDMvc —\
n
40
> \.
•^ s V
46
X
^L
P
*w
1
tot*
0 0 0 •
-60-40-00 20 40 A 60 "60 -40 «20 0 20 40 4 60 -60-40-20 20 40 4 60
16 -^^
IT n nnn n r n [71n n n n nnr
1 11
i
n n n nn n nn n
BUIAN)LS-HAUDE 1 1 11 - HAUDE 1
_ CYCLOHEXANl 1J
12 . ISOAMYL ALCOHOL J JJJjjj. 12
HYnonnjiDDnuo HYDROCARBONS -j
fii l U l . AMTL ALCOHOL] [CARBON
6 6
^^
H\
•
M
V 4 ^.
V
K -x-
>sL
• 0 "•*
0 m*~
15 20 25 |A1 30 10 15 20 25,4)30
c
~ln n n nn n 1 1 I I I II I1 C
nn i i i i i r rR
. BUIANDLS•HAUDE 1 A PENTANOLS-HAUDE CYCLOHEXANOL • HAUDE T 1
'
. uvnDAf1 100, •HYDROCARBONS -A .oo 1 1 1 1 uvnonrADonu
HTuKUlMRDuno
60 \ 60
. 60
\
•to \ 40 40 •
V N*.
0 • 0
-60 -40 0 20 40 L 60 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 A 60 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 A 60
u\n n n n n n n n n nn
32 r 16 w
rrn rr n n ~ln r n I?n nn n nn n n nn
24 [ GLYC 0 1 - HAUDE PHENOL - HAUDE HYOROCAREIONS ICRESOLS-HAUDE HYDROCARBONS j
12 a
_Ll
—r- 1IYDROCARBONS -
16 [ v. 6
\ ^ >*, •
6 H,1 4 4
•
>1 *
0 •"** *^* <. 0 0
W 20 30 40 SO w 60 1» 20 2S ^ 30 1» 20 25 |A| 30
c
;
n ~1n n r n~
ELYCOL-HAUDE
r-^
c
n n n nn n r~
nPHENOL-HAUDE
_J 1
c nnnn nn
"CRESOLS-HAUOET
II M
I P " MHJ* _ Il OCAJB
HYR I ONS HYMHCARBONS-
nYDlilt
•00 100
SUIT
HA 60 •v
40 40
« ^ • "• . ^
^c *-r ^
0 0 0
-60-40-20 0 20 4 0 . 60 -30-20 -10 10 20 L 30 -30-20 -K> K> 20 A 30
LiiT T l m m r r
«3*7 10
J 1 ~1m nn- n n r "T~l J
~ln n n n n r n T T l
12
ho
PYROC,
ITECHI N - H A LIDE 24 MAUDE 12
•
J WETIC Al;ID •HAUDE 1 1 1 J
.11 1 .uvnonPiDDnuc J
niUKlOCAfIBONS
MI* 1MU
1 ]s\
rL uvns
1 \
IlllMUUfllUl UN* n '
4 |r-n--j.
Nk \
\\
\ .•
o
oLl
Hv N J ^S
**^
K> 20 30 40 50 ^ , 60
0
0 20 40 60 60 »00^,120
0
10 20 _1
30
40 50 ,4, 6 0
c "1nn n nnn~n I I I I II I I c
n nCEn nnnnn r n
mIOCATECH N - HAUDE' J FORMIC ACID-HAUDE _ A TIC ACID•HAUOE
_H YDRncARf
10»S~J 100 HYDROCARBONS H .00! uvnonri BBftUf*
niUKUlAnuunti
60 60 60
40 40
—
0 0 ^
-30 «fcO -10 10 20 A JO -60-40-20 0 20 40 A 60 -60-40 -20 0 20 40 A 60
nr rnnnnm n r
10 r—i 1 1 1 1
HAUDE- E METHA
r n101 STERS I ETHANOl-ESTERS H
12
; BUIYnICACID • HYDRO-;
• (ALERRC ACID . CARBONS
1
1 11 ,\ .
\ L, 4P>- * •
4 I
*» vj N, L m ^ |
0 _J < 10 20 4JJJ MM 30 »141 • • IS 20 25,4,30
oL
10 IS 20 25,.,30
c . MOHONIC ACIDhimmrJ
inuiiuniv •Miiu i imuiii. n
» i i i
c \n nn n
r nr •
c nn~innnn
' METNANOL- ESI IK ~l
ETHANOl-ESTERS
BUTYRIC ACID VHYDRfH
MM MA
| A
» JCARBOH] AO s.
^ f ALUQIi NAU 1 1 00
\ s, i^S
4A At% •
#u
.
0 • i _ II 0 0 _ ^:
10 20 A 30
l nnnnnr
p-' PIT10PAN0LS- i t
Dn n n n n n n i » nnn nnnnn
ESTERS 12
" B U T A N O I S - ESTERS 12
ESTERS-HEXANOLS
• •
k^ { 4 4
S•J 0 0
V
X^
>IAJ<i IS 20 2 5 ,A, 3 0 IS 20 25|Ai30
. flnTiunieL J f ESTERS
r" " "
1
H H AUUALCOHOIJBJ"? A UOilinu
100
M| v:
' M >1 00
• 00
^^
J
401 I PHJ
1 1 1 t ^ M t l ! ! 40
.
#
40
S
\
pk-M
ol 1 1—1—Mil 7^4*1 1 1 0 J 0 \ ^-
•00 *0 HO 0 20 A 30 40 40 HO 10 2 0 . 30 -30 -«0 K> 20 A 30
nr nnr [7 ~ nnn nr
32
w n
i nn (xOXAUC ACID ESTERS 1
1 i
1
[• ilYCOL - 1STERS 24 ~ 6LYCER0 ESTERS 12 ON0 - •BENZOIC ACID ESTERS
PH ENC isL° ACETIC ACID ESTERS |
9
4 f *s
4
s3i fe
^
01 • 0 v^&
tO 20 20 40 flOfe!*0 IS 20 25 ^ 3 0
± oMM r W M
>y I
•
••0 -40 -20
^-^ ;— 0
0 0 - 4 0 - 4 0 - 2 0
P
0 20 -00 -20 HO
LLIH 10 20 A 30
32
nr UFTHMMI III [7 i i i i i i i
- HEXANOLS-1 ' 1
I
n" n nn- n
GLYCOL nnr
ETHERS
- ETHANOL 24 i
-ETHERS H I ETHERS
- PROPANOLS1 - HEPTANOLS
K, ' BUTANOLS J 10
>V
6
• •^ ^^ 0
s<*
^^
0 1 0 . 2 0 3 0 4 0 50 I A I 60 0 5 K> 15 20 25 ,\L\"
A |30 0 20 40 60 60 100^120
mmm
r~ » • f ••••ir - >™
c1 c ^ c
nnnnnnn
. ALCOHOLS -ETHERS
urYiunit
iiuinnuw "l n nnr
-ETHERS
pGnLYn nnnr
COL-ETHERS
- HEPTANOLSJ
lAA
100 100
60 QQ 60
40 **>» At%
#u
*
0
«
0 0
-30 -20 HO 0 K) 20 A 30 -30 -20 HO 0 K> 20 A 30 -60 -40-20 0 20 40 A 60
nnnnnnnenninr
•6m—i—i—i—i—i—i—i—i—i—i—i »
1 \T ~1 [T ~i
24
t
I2JV-+-
nnnnnnr
GLYCOL-KETONES
•"•••' — y " ~ I I I I 12
nnnnnnnr
" ALCOHOLS-PHENOLS
WA1 ER - E THl RS, A
16 6
o
4
•
0 !v* '. *- j _ .
u.
0 20 40 60 60 »0,4,120 0 20 40 60 60 «00^,120 0 5 10 15 20 25^30
c
nnr nn
1 nnn
:RS en AL!r
c
r nnr r
\ iiv COL-KETON
I ES
c ~l
nnnnnnnn
'ALCOHOLS-PHENOLS
•00
ER - E THl
100 100
AA
60 60
40 40 •
40
^
0 -J 0 0
-•0-40-20 0 20 40 . 60 -«0 -40 -20 0 20 40 «0-30 -20 -» 0 10 » N
A A A
[7 ~i [7 I I I I I I I I
nnnnnnn
. PHENOLS-KETONES n nnnn-KETI
_ ALCOHOLS nn nr
ONES FATTY ACIDS-ETHERS
L
.. •
• . 7^
1» 20 29^30 15 20 25 (
c " I ~1 I T 1"
• " I
c \
nnr n
PHENO LS-KITO
~\
n \nnnnn
. AiCOHJLS-KETl
I INES
C
FATTY ACIDS r THnr
NES i
ERS
100 IAA
60 , 60 •
i\ 7 *
40 Af\ \ .
0 J-£ 0 [_
*< <J^^ 40
0
[>»•
Cl 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
elnnnnnnnn
METKAN 01-HYDROCARBONSr - M E T H A H O L-H/MBWAraTTi
1
1 CHaOH—GHe 100 _ HYDROCARBONS
too \ ^_ 200—10,000 mm. OfeOH—CCU J
•w
\ 275—700 mm.
\
40 40
V k
0 ^>^ 31*. 0
-CO -60 ^40 40 60 AI26 -40-40-20 20 40 A 60
"clnnnnnnnnr
ETHAN OL - HYDROCARBONS
"c 1
n n m m 1—1l—1pn r7
ITTL T
UnimuL-iiiiLUDLniii ui 1 1
too GHsOH—GHt _ 100
^HYDROCARBONS
100—10,000 mm. GHsOH—CCU
60 kj
60 •^100—760 mm. ,
4tA ^A
0 0
-120 -60 -40 60 A 120 -60 «40 20 40