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STD-AWUA CTOS-ENGL 1997 MM 0763350 C50S412 778 i American Water Works Association ANSI/AWWA C905-97, (Revision of ANSVAWWA 805-88) A AWWA STANDARD FOR POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS, 14 IN. THROUGH 48 IN. (350 mm THROUGH 1,200 mm), FOR WATER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION (AMERICAN NATIONAL ISTANDARO! Liffective date: Keb. 1, 1998, First editton approved by AWWA Bi This edition appr Approved by American National Standards Institute Dec. 1, 1997. AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION (6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80235 STD-AWWA CTOS-ENGL 2997 MM 0783350 OSOS8LY 604 mm AWWA Standard ‘This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard, Tt is not a specification. AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and ‘administrative infermation normally contained in specifications. The AWWA standards usually contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the atandard. Until each optional feature is specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA publication of a standard does not constitute endorsement of any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or ‘approve any product. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. AWWA standards are intended to represent a consensus of the water supply industry thal the produst deseribed will provide satisfactory service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of ‘action will be placed on the first page of the classified advertising section of Journal AWWA. The action becomes effective on the first day of the month following the month of Journal AWWA publication of the official notice. American National Standard ‘An American National Standard implias a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the ‘consumer, and the general public. ‘The existence of an American National Standard doce not in any. respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufactur- ing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodie review, and users ure cautioned to obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National Standard are encouraged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotional materials or on tags or labels that the goods are produced in conformity with particular American National Standards. CavTion Novice: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken ‘to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchaceré of Amorican National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., New York, NY 10036; (212) 842-4900. ‘opyright by the Amen Tue A 21 16-2027 2 Copyright © 1998 by American Water Works Association Printed in USA 1 Water Works Assoraton ‘opyrieht by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16:20:29 2 STD-AWWA CIOS-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 0505615 540 mm Committee Personnel ‘The AWWA Subcommittee that developed this standard had the porsonnol at the time of approval: Hugh R. Fraser, Co-Chair Robert P, Walker, Co-Chair HLR, Fraser, Mississauga, Ont. \D.W, Harrington, Harrington Corporation, Lynchburg, Va. LE. Houle, Pacific Western Extruded Plastic, Eugene, Ore. PF. Lloyd, BE. Goodrich Company, Cleveland, Ohio ‘Terry Lohman, J-M Manufacturing Company Inc., Livingston, NJ. PH. Luckett, Multi Fittings USA, Austin, Texas S.A. McKelvie, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Boston, Mass. Bruce MePhee, Le Ron Plasties Ine. Surrey, B.C. GH. Miller, JHM Enterprises, Oukville, Ont, WR. Perrell, Capco Pipe Company Inc., Birmingham, Ala. RP. Walker, Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association, Dallas, Texas following (AWWA) (awwWa) cawwa) (AWWA) (awwa) cawwap (AWWA) (AWWA) (awwa) (AWWA) (UNI-BELL) The AWWA Standards Committee on Polyvinyl Chloride Pressure Pipe and Fittings, which reviewed and approved this atandard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: ‘Thomas L. Chance, Chair Robert P, Walker, Vice-Chair Leo A. Kinney Jr., Secretary Consumer Members KF Cerutsky, Springficld Utility Board, Springficld, Ore. A.T. Davies, Public Works, Rdmonton, Alta, LL. Diebel,” Council Liaison, Denver Water Department, Denver, Colo. BH. Ellis,’ FERA, Houston, Texas LA. Kinney, US Bureau of Reclamation, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colo JA, Leo,’ Indianapolis Water Company, Indianapolis, Ind. ‘LL. May, City of Garland Water Utilities, Garland, Texas M, Rickman, Dallas Water Utilities, Dallas, Texas ‘VR. Speight, Houston Public Works & Engineering, Houston, Texas LA. Wettering, City of Appleton, Appleton, Wis. D.R. Young, Florida Cities Water Company, Sarasota, Fla. ‘Liaison, nonvoting 7 Alternate Water Works sociation cawwa) (AWWA) (AWWA) cawwa) (USBR) (AWWA) (AWWA) cawWwa) (AWWA) cawwa) (AWWA) ‘opyrieht by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16:20:31 2 STD-AWWA C405-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 O50S81b General Interest Members KM. Rell, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Northbrook, Tl LP. Castronovo, CH2M Hill Inc., Gainesville, Fla, ‘EL, Chance, Camp Dresser & McKee Inc., Houston, Texas MJ. Devine, Whitman & Howard Inc., Wellesley, Mass. R.J. Holme, Proctor & Redfern Ltd., Don Mills, Ont. GH. Lee, Dayton & Knight Lid., West Vancouver, B.C, S.A. McKelvie, Gore & Storrie Ltd, Mississauga, Ont. ELL. Melear, Boyle Engineering Corporation, Orlando, Fla. E,W, Misiehko,” Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Northbrook, Il IR. Puschal, NSF International, Ann Arbor, Mich. JG. Richard Jr., Consulting Engineer, Baton Rouge, La. dK. Snyder, Environmental Science/Engineering, Audubon, Pa. SH, Wilber,’ Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. Producer Members M. Boitz, J-M Manufacturing Company Inc, Livingston, NJ. IE. Calkins, CertainTeed Corporation, Blue Bell, Pa DLL. Kekstein,” Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association, Dallas, ‘Texas D.W, Harrington, Harrington Corporation, Lynchburg, Va TF. Honle, Pacific Western Fxtended Plastics Company, Eugene, Ore. PH. Luckett, Multi Fittings USA, Austin, Texas JH, Miller, JHM Enterprises, Oakville, Ont, V8. Sobot, IPRX Inc., Mississauga, Ont. RP, Walker, Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association, Dallas, Texas “Alternate Liaison, nonvoting Water Works sociation 487 (UL) (AWWA) (AWWA) (NRWWA) cawwa) (awwa) cawWwa) cawwa) «uL) (Nsi) cawWwa) (AWWA) caWwWwa) (UNI-BELL) (AWWA) (UNL-BELL) (awwa) (UNT-BELL) (awwa) (AWWA) (AWWA) (UNI-BELL) STD-AWWA CGS-ENGL 1557 Ml 0783350 OS05817 313 mm Contents All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subsoquenily. Some variations from this format may be found in a particular standard. see. PAGE Foreword 1 Introductio 1A Background, IB History IC Acceptance TL Special Issues... I Use of This Standard. MLA Purchaser Options 12 4d 42 43 44 46 Bl and Alternatives .. viii Ree General SeOPe on estate Purpose Application. References Definitions. Requirements Permeation .. Materials. Pipe Requirements. Fabricated Fitting Requirements Joint Requirements.. ne Pressure-Rating Designations... Verification ‘Quality-Control and Qualification Test Requirements... i see. race 6.2 Quulity-Control Records... 2 5.2 Plant Inspection... 12 @ Delivery 61 Marking... 2 62 Shipping and Delivery 8 63 Affidavit of Compliance. 13 Appendixes A Bibliography... 15 B — Working-Pressure Rating Example.. 1 Figures 1 Lap Shear Test 9 B.1 Profile of Proposed Pipeline. 18 Tables 1 Dimensions for PVC Pipe With IPS Outside Diameter 5 2 Dimensions for PVC Pipe With CI Outside Diameter. 6 3 ‘Transmission and Distribution Pipe Pressure Rating.. 7 4 ‘Temperature Coefficients 8 B.1 Station Elevations. 7 B2 Instantaneous Pressure Surges....... 19 BS Caleulated Working Pressure Ratings, 19 BA Values of Preesure. 20 BB Appropriate Pipe DR Selections for This Example... soe BD ‘opyright by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16:20:32 2 Water Works sociation STD-AWWA C9D5-ENGL 1947 mM 0783350 USOs8L8 2ST Mm Foreword This foreword is for information only and is not a part of AWWA C905. L Introduction. TA. Background. This standard pertains to 14-in. through 48-in, (350-mm through 1,200-mm) polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pressure pipe and fabricated fittings with cast-iron-pipe-eauivalent (CD) outside diameter (OD) dimensions, steel-pipe- equivalent (IPS) outside diameter (OD) dimensions, and wall thickness dimension ratios (DR) of 14, 18, 21, 25, 26, 82.5, 41, and 51. Design considerations are provided in AWWA M23, PVC Pipe Design and Installation, which provides detailed information on PVC pipe covered by ANSVAWWA (905. The manual includes chapters on general propertios of PVC pipe; manufacturing, testing, and inspection; pressure capscity; design factors for external forees; hydraulics; receiving, storage, and handling: testing and maintenance; and service connections (tapping). Reeom- mended installation guidance is provided in ANSVAWWA C605, Standard for Underground Installation of PVC Pressure Pipe and Fittings for Water. For PVC pipe and fittings diameters below 14 in, (350 mm), refer to ANSI! AWWA C900, Standard for PVC Pressure Pipe and Fabricated Fittings, 4 in. Through 12 in, (100 mm Through 300 mm), for Water Distribution. IB. History. This is the second edition of AWWA C905. In 1966, the American Water Works Association (AWWA) appointad Committes 8350-D to study and report on the adaptability of plastic pipe for use within the water industry. The committee presented its report on June 6, 1967, at AWWA's annual conference, and recommended that a task group be appointed to prepare standards for the use of plastic materials. The AWWA Standards Committee on Thermoplastic Pressure Pipe was established in 1968, The first edition of this standard was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors in June 1988, Tn June 1988, the Thermoplastic Pressure Pipe Committee was divided into two separate committees: the Polyvinyl Chloride Pressure Pipe and Fittings Standards Committee and the Polyolefin Pressure Pipe and Fittings Standards Committee. ‘At the annual conference in 1991, the PVC Pressure Pipe and Fittings Standards Committee appointed a subcommittee to review and, if necessary, revise the firat odition of AWWA C905. PVC fabricated fittings ware added to the standard by authority of the Standards Council at their Spring 1992 meeting, The second edition of ANSVAWWA C905 was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors on Tune 16, 1997, LC. Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led hy NSF International (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a certification program for all direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of the original consortium included the American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AWWARF) and the Conference of State Health and Environ- mental Managers (COSHEM), Tho American Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) joined later. Previous page is blank ‘opyright by the American Water Works Association Tue Aug 21 16:20:34 20 ‘opyright by the Amen Tue A 21 1620.37 20 STD-AWWA C90S-ENGL 1997 MM 0743350 0505819 146 i In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact, with, drinking water rests with individual etates.’ Local agencies may choose to impose requirements more stringent than those required by the state, To evaluate the health effects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state and local agencies may use various references, including 1. An advisory program formerly administered by USEPA, Office of Drinking Water, discontinued on Apr. 7, 1990, 2. Specific policies of the state or local agency. 3. Two standards developed under the direction of NSF, ANSIT/NSF* 60, Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals—Health Effects, and ANSUNSP 61, Drinking Water System Components—Health Effects. 4. Other references, including AWWA standards, Food Chemicals Codex, Water Chemicals Codex,® and other standards considered appropriate by the state or local agency. Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in accordance with ANSI/NSF 61. Individual states or local agencies have authority to accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdiction. Accreditation of certification organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Appendix A, “Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures,” to ANSUNSF 61 docs not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not regulated by a USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL), The MALs of an unepecified list of “unregulated contaminants” are based on toxicity testing guidelines (noneareinogens) and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use of Appendix A procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifier AWWA, C905-97 does not address additives requirements. ‘Thus, users of this standard should consult the appropriate state or local agency having jurisdiction in order to 1. Determine additives requirements including applicable standards. 2 Determine the statue of certifications by all parties offering to certify products for contact with, or treatment of, drinking water. 8. Determine current information on product certification. IL. Special Issues. This standard has no applicable information for this section. TIL Use of This Standard. AWWA has no responsibility for the suitability or compatibility of the provisions of this standard to any intended application by any user. Accordingly, each user of this standard is responsible for determining that the standard’s provisions are suitable for and compatible with that user's intended application, LILA. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. The following items should be covered in the purchaser's specifications: *Persons in Canada, Mexico, and non-North American countries should contact the appropriate authority having jurisdiction. ‘tAmerican National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St,, New York, NY 10086, NSF Intemational, #475 Plymouth Ra., Ann Arbor, Ml 48106. §Both publications available from National Academy of Sciences, 2102 Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20418. 1 Water Works Assoraton ‘opyright by the Amen Tue A 21 1620.39 20 STD-AWWA CIOS-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 OS05820 908 mm 1. Standard to be used—that is, AWWA C905, Standard for Polyvinyl Chloride (PV) Pressure Pipe and Fabricated Fittings, 14 In. Through 46 In, (860 msn Through 1,200 mm), for Water Transmission and Distribution, of latest revision. 2. Pipe and fabricated fittings. a. Nominal size and equivalent outside diameter (OD) (for example, 24-in, Cl). b. Pressure rating or dimension ratio (DR) (see Tables 1, 2, and 3). c. Linear fect of each preseure rating or DR for each nominal pipe size to be furnished. d, Number, nominal size, pressure rating or DR, configuration, and equiva lent OD for all fittings (for example, 17, nominal 24-in., DR 25, 45° bends, IPS).” 3. Specifications. When desired, requirements such as the following must be specified in the purchase contra a. Affidavit of compliance (Sec. 6.3). b, Standard lengths (See. 4.3.2.3), ¢. Shipping and delivery (See, 6.2). a. Standard configurations (Gee. 4.4.2.2) 4. Plant inspection, If plant inspections are desired, provisions must be spocified in the purchase contract (Sec. 5.3). ‘a, Production notice. The manufacturer should be required to give adequate advance notice of when and where production of ordered materials will start. b. Inspection aids. The manufacturer should be required to make available, without charge, to the purchaser's inspector such tools and assistance as are necessary for inspection and handling of materials. ¢. Inspection limitations. To exclude inspection of proprietary manufacturing processes, the manufacturer should be required to give adequate advance notice to the purchaser. IILB. Modification to Standard. Any modifications to the provisions, defini- tions, or terminology in this standard must be provided in the purchaser's specifications. IV, Major Revisions. Major changes made to the standard in this edition include the following: 1. The format has been changed to AWWA standard style. 2. The acceptance clause (Sec, 1.C) and the definitions of parties (Sec. 3) have been revised to approved wording. 3, Fabricated PVC fittings have been added. 4, Dimension ratio (DR) 51 has heen added. 5. Nominal sizes 42 in, and 48 in. have been added 6, Appendix A has been removed (see AWWA M23), V. Comments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard, please eall the AWWA Standards and Materials Development Department, (803) 794-7711 ext, 6288, FAX (303) 795-1440, or write to the department at 6666 W. Quiney Ave., Denver, CO 80236. “Nore: Purchaser's specifications may allow or require the use of fittings athor than those ‘described in AWWA (805-97, Some examples of compatible fittings include those covered in AWWA Standards C208, C158, and C110. 1 Water Works Assoraton STD-AWWA C905-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 0505821 444 mm American Water Works Association \ ANSI/AWWA C905-97 (Revision of ANSUAWWA C905-88) AWWA STANDARD FOR POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS, 14 IN. THROUGH 48 IN. (350 mm THROUGH 1,200 mm), FOR WATER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION SECTION 1: GENERAL See. 1.1 Scope ‘This standard covers I4-in, through, 48in. ($50-mm through 1,200-mm) polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pressure pipe and fabricated fittings, with east-iron-pipe- equivalent (CD and steel-pipe-equivalent (IPS) outside diameter (OD) dimensions, and with wall thickness dimension ratios (DRs) of 14, 18, 21, 25, 26, 82.5, 41, and 51. See, 1.2 Purpose ‘The purpose of this standard is to provide direction and guidance for manufacturing, testing, selecting, and purchasing PVC proscure pipe and fabricated fittings for underground water transmission and distribution systems. See. 1.3 Application This standard can be referenced in specifications for purchasing and receiving PVC pressure pipe and fabricated fittings 14 in. through 48 in. (350 mm through 1,200 mm), for water transmission and distribution. This standard can be used as a ‘opyright bythe American Water Works Association Tue Aug 21 16:20:41 2007 STD-AWWA CAOS-ENGL 1597 MM 0783350 0505822 780 ma 2 AWWA C905.97 guide for manufacturing and testing this type of pressure pipe. The stipulations of this standurd upply only to PVC prossure pipe and fabricated fittings, 14 in. through 48 in. (350 mm through 1,200 mm). SECTION 2: REFERENCES This standard references the following documents, In their latest editions, they form a part of this standard to the extent specified within the standard. In any case of conflict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail. ASTM” D1784—Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Viny! Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds. ‘ASTM D2122—Standard ‘Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermo- plastic Pipe and Fittings. ASTM _D2152—Standard Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by Acetone Immersion. ASTM D2412—Standard Test Method for Determination of Extornal Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading. ASTM D2564—Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems. ASTM D2837 Standard Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials, ASTM D2855—Standard Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Fittings. ASTM D8189—Standard Specification for Ioints for Plastic Pressure Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals. ASTM F477—Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe. NSF’ 61—Drinking Water System Components—Health Effects. PPI’ TR-3—Policies and Procedures for Developing Recommended Hydrostatic Design Stresses for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials. SECTION ; DEFINITIONS The following definitions shall apply in this standard: 1. Dimension ratio (DR): For pipe covered by this standard, the DR is determined by dividing the average OD of the pipe by its minimum wall thickness and rounding off the dimensionless quotient, when necessary, to the nearest 0.5. 2. Fabricated PVC fitting: Fabricated fittings comprise single or multiple segments of PVC pipe cut in wedge shapes, or otherwise prepared to accept leg insertions, and joined under factory controlled conditions to form an essentially ‘American Socicty for Tusting und Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Dr, West Conshohocken, PA. 19428-2959, NSF International, 2475 Plymouth Ra,, PO. Box 1468, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Plastics Pipe Institute, 1276 K St. NW, Ste. 400, Washington, DC 20008. ‘opyright by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16:20:49 2 Water Works sociation STD-AWWA C90S-ENGL 1557 MM O783350 0505623 b17 Mm PVC PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS 3 homogeneous structure. Reinforcement may be applied and permanently bonded to the outside surfaces of the fitting. 3. Hydrostatic design basis (HDB): The long-term, hydrostatic-strength (hoop-stress) rating of a specific plastic pipe material as determined by hydrostatic tests, evaluation, and categorization procedures in uovordaniee with ASTM D2687. ‘This standard requires the use of PVC compounds that qualify for an HDB rating of 4,000 psi (27.58 MPa). 4, Manufacturer: The party that manufactures, fabricates, or produces materi als or products. 5. Pressure rating (PR): A pipe’s designated design capacity, in pounds per square inch (psi), that corresponds to its recommended safe maximum operating pressure. Pressure rating designations do not include an allowance for pressure surges above the maximum sustained operating pressure. Pressure rating designa- tions are based on long-term pressure testing at 73.4°F (23°C). 6. Purchaser: The person, company, or organication thal purchases any materials or work to be performed. 7, Supplier: The party that supplies materials or services. A supplier may or may not be the manufacturer. 8, Working pressure rating (WPR): A pipe’s design capacity, in pounds per square inch (psi), that corresponds to its recommended safe sustained operating Pressure. Working pressure ratings include a variable allowance for pressure surge that is dependent on anticipated operating conditions. SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS Sec. 4.1 Permeation The selection of materials is critical for water service and distribution pipe in locations where there is likelihood the pipe will be exposed Lo significant, concentra tions of pollutants comprised of low molecular weight petroleum products or organic solvents or their vapors. Research has documented that pipe materials such as polyethylene, polybutylene, polyvinyl chloride, and asbestos cement, and elastomers, such as used in jointing gaskets and packing glands, may be subject to permeation by lower molecular weight organic solvents or petroleum products. If a water pipe must pass through such a contaminated aroa or an areu subject w evntamination, consult with the manufacturer regarding permeation of pipe walls, jointing materials, and 60 forth, before selecting materials for use in that area, Sec. 4.2 Materials ‘opyright by the Amen Tue A 21 1620-4 20 4.2.1 Pipes and fabricated fittings. PVC pipe and fabriosted fittings shall be made from virgin PVC resin that has been compounded to provide physical and chemical properties that equal or exceed cell class 12454-B as defined in ASTM D1784, and shall qualify for a hydrostatic design basis of 4,000 psi (27.58 MPa) at 78.4°F (23°C) per the requirements of PPI TR-3. 4.2.2 Rework materials, Clean rework materials generated from the manu- facturer's own pipe ar fitting production may be used by the same manufacturer for the same purposes provided the following: 2, They comply with all applicable requirements of ASTM D1784 for cell class 12454-B and of this standard. 1 Water Works Assoraton STD-AUWA CIOS-ENGL 3997 MM 0783350 OSOSe24 553 mm 4 AWWA C905.07 See. 43 ‘opyright by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16:20:48 2 b, The finished products are equal in quality to products made from virgin PVC compounds. 4.23 Certification for potable-water service. PVC compounds or products shall bbe tested for chemical extractants and certified as suitable for potable-water transmission service by an accredited testing agency acceptable to the purchaser, in accordance with requirements that are no less restrictive than the applicable requirements specified in NSF 61. 4.2.4 Gaskets and lubricants, Gaskets and lubricants intended for use with PVC pipe and fabricated fittings shall be made from materials that. are compatible with the pipe and with each other when used together. Gaskets and lubricants shall not adversely affect the potable quality of the water that is to be transported (see foreword, Sec. IC). 4.2.4.1 Blastomeric gaskets. One gasket shall be furnished with each bell end of every pipe, fitting, and coupling. Elastomeric gaskets shall meet the requirements of ASTM F477 for high-head (60 ft of head or higher) applications, 4.2.5 Rabricated fitting overwrap reinforcement. Optional reinforcement, either PVC or non-PVC, may be applied by the manufacturer to meet the requirements of this standard, 42.5.1 Resin, All resin used shall be a commercial grade of unsaturated polyester resin or epoxy resin. 42.5.2 Glass. All glass reinforcing materials shall be commercial “E” type glass in the form of mat, continuous roving or roving fabric, or a combination of these, having a coupling agent that bonds the glass reinforcement and the resin. ipe Requirements 43.1 Workmanship. When manufactured, pipe shall be homogeneous throughout; free from voids, cracks, inclusions, and other defects; and as uniform as commercially practical in color, density, and other physical properties. Pipe surfaces shall be free from nicks and significant scratches.’ The joining surfaces of pipe spigots and integral-bell and sleeve-reinforced bell sockets shall be free from imperfections that might cause leakage at joints. 48.2 Dimensions 4.3.2.1 Pipe barrel, The dimensions and tolerances of the pipe barrel shall conform with the applicable requirements listed in Tables 1 or 2 when measured as specified ia ASTM D2122. 43.2.2 Elastomeric-gasket bell ends. The dimensions of the integral bell ends shall meet one of the following requirements when measured according to ASTM 2122. a, The bell wall thickness at any point shall conform to the dimension ratio of the pipe except in the annular gasket ring groove and bell entry lip portions whara the wall shall be at least the minimum thickness of the pipe barrel (Tables 1 and 2). b. Designs not meeting the requirements of Soc. 4.$.2.2(a) shall be tested to verify the joint assemblies qualify for a hydrostatic design basis (HDB) category of 4,000 psi (2,758 MPa) when tested in accordance with ASTM D2837 as modified in ASTM D339, 43.2.3 Standard lengths. Pipe shall be furnished in standard laying lengths of 20 ft + 1 in. (6.1 m + 25 mm) unless otherwise agreed on at the time of purchase. ‘Scratches that extend 10 percent or more into the pipe wall shall be considered significant, Water Works sociation Table 1 DSSS TES eee Nominal Dimension STD-AWWA CIOS-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 0505825 497 mm PVC PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS. 5 Dimensions for PVC pipe with IPS outside dlameter = Outside Diameter—in. (mm) Wall Thickness—in. (mm) Sine Ratio in, @R) Average Tolerance Minimum Tolerance u 41 14,000 (858.6) £0,015 (0.38) 0341 (866) 40.048 (1.22) 825 414,000 (855.6) 40.015 (0.38) e430 00.92) 40.052 (1.32) 26 14.000 (355.8) 40.015 (0.88) 518 13.67) 40.064 (1.69) a1 14.000 (358.6) 40.015 (0.38) 0,666 (16.92) 40.080 (2.02) 16 a 16.000 (406.4) £0,019 (0.48) 0390 (9.91) ——+0.055 (1.40) was 16.000 (406.4) ——_—+£0.019 (0.48) 0.492 (12.50) —_+0.059 (1.50) 26 16.000 (406.4) 0.019 (0.48) 0.615 (15.82) 40.074 (1.88) at 16.000 (406.4) 40.019 (0.48) 0.762 (19.35) 40.091 (231) 18 4a 18.000 (457.2) 40.019 (0.48) 0.499 (1.15) +9.061 (1.55) 82.5 18.000 (457.2) 40.019 (0.48) 0.554 (14.07) 40.066 (1.68) 26 16.000 (457.2) 20.019 (0.48) 0692 (11.98) 40.085 (2.11) 2 18.000 (457.2) 40,019 (0.48) 0.867 (21.77) 40,108 (2.62) 20 a 20,000 (508.0) 0.028 (0.58) 0.485 (12.40) +0.068 (1.73) 32.5 20.000 (508.0) +0.028 (0.58) 0615 (15.62) 40,074 (1.88) 26 20,000 (508.0) 40,023 (0.58) 0.769 (19.53) 40.092 (2.84) a1 20,000 (508.0) 40,028 (0.58) 0.962 (24.18) 40.114 (2.80) u a 24.000 (609.6) 40.091 (0.79) 0.585 (14.86) 40.082 (2.08) 2 24,000 (608.6) +0.081 (0.79) 0.738 (18.75) +0.088 (2.24) 26 24.000 (609.6) 0.081 (0.79) 0.929 (23.44) 40.111 (2.82) 21 24,000 (609.6) +£0.031 (0.79) 1.149 (29.08) 40.187 (3.48) 20 a 20.000 (762.0) 0.041 (2.04) 0.792 48.58) ——+0.102 (2.69) 92.5 80.000 (762.0) 20.041 (1.04) ona (aad) 40.111 (2.82) 26 30,000 (762.0) 40,041 (1.04) 11542931) 40.188 BT) a 90.000 (762.0) 40.041 (1.04) 1428 (86.27) 40,171 4.84) 36 a 36.000 (914.4) 30.050 (1.27) 0.878 (22.90) 40.128 (8.12) 325 36.000 (914.4) 0.050 (1.27) 1108 28.14) 40.188 (8.88) 26 36.000 (914.4) 40.050 (1.27) 1885 (5.18) 40.168 (4.29) 21 36.000 (914.4) __#0.050 (1.27) 17144354) 40.905 6.21) ‘opyrght by the Tue A 21 16.204 4.3.3 Physical properties. 4.3.3.1 Hydrostatic integrity. The pipe, including any integral bell end, shall nat fail, balloon, burst, or weep when subjected to an internal pressure equal to two times its pressure rating, as listed in Table 8, for a minimum dwell of 5 seconds. Integral bells shall be tested with the pipe. The pipe shall attain ambient lemperature before hydrostatie proof testing. When the pipe temperature is higher than 77°F (25°C) at the time of hydrostatic proof testing, the test pressures shall be reduced by applying the appropriate temperature coefficient from Table 4, 43.3.2 Flattening. Three specimens of pipe, a minimum of 6 in, (160 mm) Jong, shall be flattened between parallel plates in a suitable press until the distance between the plates is 40 percent of the OD of the pipe. The three specimens shall be 1 Water Works Assoraton STD-AWWA CIDS-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 OSOSA2L az Me 6 AWWA 0005.97 Table 2 Dimensions for PVC pipe with CI outside diameter el ‘Nominal Dimension Sen ane Outside Diametor—in. fmm) Wall Thickness —in. (mm) in, @R) Average Tolerance Minimum Tolerance 4 a1 15,900 (888.6) £0,016 (0.38) 0873 @47) 40.052 (1.32) 32.6 15.300 (388.6) 40.015 (0.38) 0.471 (11.96) +0056 (1.42) 25 15.300 (388.6) 40.015 (0.38) 06121564) ——+0.078 (1.85) 21 15.300 (388.6) 40.015 (0.98) 0.729 (18.51) ——_—+0.088 (2.22) 18 15.900 (888.6) «40.015 (0.28) 0.850 (21.59) +0102 (2.59) 4 15,300 (888.6) 40.015 (0.38) 1.095 (27.76) 40.131 (8.38) 16 a 17.400 (442.0) 40.020 (0.51) 424 (10.77) +0,089 (1.60) 825 17.400 (442.0) 40.020 (0.51) 0.535 (13.59) 0.064 (1.63) 25 17.400 (442.0) 40.090 (0.51) 0.696 (17.88) 0.084 (2.18) 2 17.400 (442.0) 40.020 (0.51) 0.829 (21.05) ———+0.100 2.54) cr 17.400 (442.0) ——-£0.020 (0.61) 0,967 (24.56) +0.116 (2.95) 4 17.400 (442.0) 20.020 (0.51) 1.243 81.57) 40.149 (8.78) 8 51 19.500 (495.3) —-+0.020 (0.51) 0.982 (9.70) 40.083 (1.35) 4 19.500 (495.3) —+0.020 (0.51) 0.476 (12.08) 0.067 (1.70) 325 19.500 (495.3) ——_-+0.020 (0.61) 0,600 (16.24) ++0.072 (1.88) 25 19.500 (495.3) 40.020 (0.61) 0.780 (19.81) ——+0.094 (2.89) a 19.500 (495.8) 0.020 (0.61) 0.929 (98.60) 40.111 (2.82) 1B 19.500 (495.3) 0.020 (0.51) 1.083 (27.51) 0.180 (8.80) ey 19.500 (495.8) 0.025 (0.64) 1.200 (20.48) 40.167 (4.24) 20 51 21,600 (548.6) —_£0.025 (0.64) 0.424(10.77) —_++0.059 (1.50) 4 21.600 (548.6) 40.025 (0.64) 0.527 (13.39) ——_+0.074 (1.88) 826 21,600 (648.6) 40.026 (0.64) 0.665 (16.88) ——-+0.080 (2.03) % 71.800 (5488) 404.025 (0.84) 0.864 (21.95) 40.104 (2.64) a 21.600 (548.6) 0.025 (0.64) 1.029 (26.14) 40.128 (9.12) 18 21,600 (548.6) 0.025 (0.64) 1.200 (90.48) +0.144 (3.66) or 51 25.800 (655.3) 0.030 (0.76) 0.508 12.85) -+0.071 (1.80) a 25,800 (655.3) 40.030 (0.76) 0.629 (15.98) ———+0.088 (2.24) 325 25.800 (655.8) 0.080 (0.76) 0.794 (20.17) 40.095 (2.41) 25 25.500 (655.3) 40.030 (0.76) 1.082 (26.21) ——+0.124 (8.15) 21 25,800 (685.8) 40,080 (0.76) 1.229 (81.22) 40.147 (8.74) 4 00 $0,172 (437) ‘opyright by the Amen Tue Aug 21 16:20:50 20 1 Water Works Assoraton STD-AWWA CIDS-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 OS0S82? 2b2 Mm PVC PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS 7 Table 2 Dimensions for PVC pipe with Cl outside diameter (continued) a Nominel Dimension ‘i i ; ‘Sire Tatie Outside Diameter—in. (mm) Wall Thickness—in. (mm) in, @R) Average ‘Tolerance Minimum ‘Tolerance 30 51 32.000 (128) £0.00 1.02) 0.627 15.93) ——-+0.088 (2.24) 4 32.000 (8128) 0.040 (1.09) 0.780 (19.81) 40.109 (2.77) 32.5 32,000 (812.8) 0.040 (1.02) 0.985 (25.02) 4.118 (9.00) 25 32,000 (812.8) +0.040 (1.02) 1.280 (92.61) 40.154 (2.91) 21 82,000 (812.8) £0,040 (1.02) 1.624 (98.71) 40,188 (4.65) 18 32,000 (612.8) 40,040 (1.02) L778 45.16) ¥0.218 (5.41) 86 a 88800 (972.8) 40.050 (127) 0.751 (19.08) +0.105 (2.67) an 98.300 (972.8) 40.050 (1.27) 0.984 (28.72) +0.181 (8.89) B25 38300 (972.8) 40,050 (1.27) 1.178 (29.92) 40.141 (3.58) 25 88,800 (972.8) 40.050 (1.27) 1.592 (88.91) -+0.184 (4.67) a 88.400 (872.8) 40.050 (1.27) 1824 (4633) 40.219 (5.58) 2 51 44.500 (1,130.3) 40,060 (1.52) 0.872 (22.18) +0.122 (8.10) a 44.500 (1,180.8) 40.080 (1.82) 1.085 (27.56) +0162 (3.86) 92.5 44.500 (1,180.8) £0,060 (1.62) 1.869 (94.77) 40.164 (4.17) 25 44.500 (1,130.8) 20,060 (4.92) 1780 (45.21) +0.214 (5.44) 8 51 60.800 (4,290.8) 40.075 (1.90) 0,996 (25.30) 40.129 ( aI 50,800 (1,290.8) #0.075 (1.90) 128918147) +0.178 (4.89) 325 50.800 (1,290.3) 40.075 (1.90) 1.563 (39.70) 40.188 (4.78) 25 50,800 (1,290'3)__#+0.075 (1.90) 2.082 (5161) 40.244 (6.20) Table 3. Transmission and distribution-pipe pressure rating” Pressure Rating (PR) Dimension Ratio (DR) pai 7 30 4 100 325 125 (860) 26 160 (1,100) 25 165, «140 a 200 (1,380) 18 285, (1,820) u 805, (2,110) “The pipe pressure rating corresponds to a maximum safe operating pressure when a safety factor of 2.0 is applied and the surge pressure is zero. These ratings are determined at 73.4°F (28°C) using compound class 12454-A or 1M64-B with hnydrostatie design basis of 4,000 psi (27.58 MPa). For sustained operating conditions above 78.4°F (28°C), refer to Table 4. {Certain dimension ratios are available in only IPS or only CI outaide diameters (cee Tables 1 and 2), ‘opyright bythe American Water Works Association Tue Aug 21 16:20:59 20 STD-AWWA CIGS-ENGL L997 MM 0783350 OSOSAZA 119 8 AWWA (905.97 Table 4 Temperature coefficients SS Pipe Temperature Pressure Rating F co Reduction Coefficient wo an oe 90 (82) 0.76 100 38) 0.62 0 as) 050 320 9) 040 130 (54) 0.30 140 (60) 029 oriented in accordance with the section entitled “Procedure” of ASTM D2412; except, if no minimum wall thickness has been identified, a spider line shall he used as the ‘base line, The rate of flattening shall be uniform and such that the compreasion is completed within 2 to 5 min. Tho appliod load shall then be removed and the specimen examined. There shall be no evidence of splitting, cracking, or breaking. 43.3.3 Extrusion quality, The pipe shall not fail when tested by the acetone- immersion method as spevified in ASTM D2162. Sec. 4.4 Fabricated Fitting Requirements 4.4.1 Workmanship. Fittings shall be fabricated from PVC pipe meeting the requirements of this standard. The component pipe segments and the bonds between them shall be free from voids, cracks, inclusions, and other defects. The joining surfaces of spigots and bells shall be free from imperfections that could cause leaks. Whon component segments are joined using solvent coment, the procedure shall conform with the standard practice for making pressure joints outlined in ASTM 2855. 44.2 Dimensions 4.4.2.1 Fitting barrel. All edge-joined segments of a fabricated fitting shall have the same dimension ratio, 44.2.2 Standard configurations, Standard configurations shall include cus- tomary angles for branch connections or bends. Non-standard angles of branch connections or bends may be specified. Leg lengths shall be the minimum practical ‘for the method of fabrication, unless otherwise specified. 44.2.3 Reinforcement of solvent cement joints. Fitting segments, which are joined by solvent; cementing, shall be designed on the hasis of a maximum lap shear strength of the solvent cement joint of 900 psi (6.2 MPa). Overwrapped reinforeement shall not be considered in design of the solvent cement joint. 44.8 Segment joint quality. 4.4.3.1 Edge-joined fabricated fitting segments. There shall be no evidence of ‘arcing or sparks from the probe tip when butt-fused or thermally welded joints are subjected to the following test. A grounding medium compatible with PVC pipe shall be applied to the inside or the outside of each butt-fused or thermally welded segment joint before any reinforcement is applied. The grounding medium in the prepared resin (polyester or epoxy) is graphite, which is added to the resin i proportion of 20 percent by volume. The grounding medium shall cover the joint with ih by the American Water Works Association Tue Aug 21 16:20:58 2 STD-AWWA CHOS-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 O505829 035 mw PVC PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS 9 Cnn Applied force dort N B] Notch shall be machined histo 7 yo to match rade ofthe f e lest specimen j—— Lap sheer tating device Figure 1 Lap shear test a strip not less than 1-in, (25-mm) wide. A suitable probe, energized with 25,000 V, shall be swept along the joint line approximately 0.1 in. (3 mm) away from the PVC surface of the joined segments on the side opposite W the grounding medium. Any discontinuity in the segment joint is indicated by the jump of an are (sparking) from the probe tip and shall be cause for rejection of the fitting. 44.3.2 Solvent-cemented bond qualily. Specimens for lap shear testing shall bbe prepared in accordance with the requirements of ASTM D2564, except as modified herein, The test specimens shall be obtained from a sample solvent-cemented joint produced by solvent-cementing component pipe segments identical to those which are to be used to fabricate fittings. After at least a 72-h solvent cement curing time at 78.4 + 3.6°F (23 + 2°C), three specimens shall be tested per segment joint. Each specimen shail be a section of the segment joint measuring approximately 1 in. x 2 in. (25 mm x 50 mm) and shall not include any overwrapping reinforcement, A portion of each test specimen shall be machined off as needed to obtain a speciman similar to ‘that shown in Figure 1. After placing the specimen in a testing device similar to that. shown in Figure 1, apply the force at a shear speed of 0.U6 in, (1.25 mm/min, The minimum average lap shear strength of three specimens shall be 900 psi (6.2 MPa). Note: Where mechanical joint restraint devices are used to control thrust movements of fabricated fittings, consult with the fittings manufacturer to determine the tensile thrust limitations for the specific sizes, configurations, and pressure classes specified. 44.4 Pressure test, The fabricated fittings shall not fail, balloon, burst, or ‘weep when subjected to an internal pressure equal to two times the pressure rating shown in Table 3 for a minimum of 2 h. ‘opyright bythe American Water Works Association Tue Aug 21 16-2059 20 STD-AWWA CI05-ENGL 19597 MM 0783350 OS0S830 657 mm 10 AWWA.C005.07 Sec, 4.5 Joint Requirements Bell-end pipe and fabricated fittings designed for making PVC joints using elastomeric gaskets to effect the pressure seal shall be tested as assembled joints and shall meet the laboratory performance requirements specified in ASTM DS199. (These are quslifying test requirements to determine proper design and performance of specimen joints.) Sec. 4.6 Pressure-Rating Designations ‘opyright by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16:21:01 2 4.6.1 Pipe pressure rating (PR). Pressure ratings shall be as listed in Table 3 for the DRs covered by this standard at sustained pipe temperatures of 73.4°F (23°C) and lower. Pipe pressure ratings shall be based on a safety factor of 2.0 when calculated using the following equation: 2 HDB PR ge oe at) Where: PR = pressure rating, in pounds per square inch (for sustained pipe temperatures shove 78.4°F [28°C], see Table 4) DR = dimension ratio (Sec. 3) HDB = hydrostatic design basis, which for this standard shall be 4,000 psi (27.58 MPa) F = safety factor, which for this standard ehall be 2.0 4.6.2 Pipe working-preseure rating (WPR). Working-pressure rating shall be a variable rating dependent on specific pipeline design conditions. Working-prossure rating shall be caleulated using the following equation and shall depend upon (1) the safety factor selected and (2) anticipated pressure surges. Eq 2 working-pressure rating, in pounds per square inch pressure rating (as defined in Sec. 4.6.1) safety factor, normally 2.0 for transmission pipe, other applications may warrant the use of a safety factor other than 2.0 = surge pressure allowance, in pounds per square inch, as analyzed by computer or calculated for anticipated operating conditions NOTE: When the factor of safety (F) is set at 2.5 and the surge pressure allowance (P,) is calculated for an abrupt 2 fv/s (0.61 m/s) change in velocity, WPR is the equivalent of the pressure class rating (PC) of ANSVAWWA C900. This is useful when C905 pipe sizes are used in distribution systems where surge pressures cannot be accurately determined. When spplied in this manner, the surge pressure allowance (P,) for an abrupt volocity change of 2 fs (0.61 m/s) is 40, 35, 82, $0, 26, ‘28, and 21 pai (280, 240, 220, 200, 180, 160, and 140 kPa) for DRs 14, 18, 21, 25, 32.5, 41, and 61 respectively. For distribution systems designed for a maximum working pressure of 100 psi (690 kPa), the maximum DR shal! be 25, y a wud = ‘ Water Works sociation STD-AWWA C5D5S-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 O50S832 793 mw PVC PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS LL 46.8 Fabricated fittings. Fabricated PVC fittings meeting the requirements of this standard shall have the pressure rating designations listed in Table 3 that are equivalent to the dimension ratio of the pipe used in their fabrication. The determination of pressure ratings and safety factors for fabricated fittings shall follow the method given in Sec. 4.6.1 for pipe meeting the requirements of this standard, iguoring the effect of any overwrapped reinforcement. Similarly, the WPR. for fittings shall coincide with that caleulated for the pipe DR from which they were fabricated. SECTION 5: VERIFICATION Sec. 5.1 Quality-Control and Qualification Test Requirements ‘opyright by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16.21.00 2 ‘The manufacturer shall take adequate measures in the production of extruded PVC pipe and fabricated fittings to assure product compliance with the requirements of this standard. The pipe and fubricated fittings shall be tested at intervals at 73.4 + 3.6°F (23 + 2°C), unlese otherwise specified, in accordance with the requirements of Sec. 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5. 5.1.1 Pipe dimensions. The dimensions of pipe produced from each extrusion outlet, and the bell or sleeve reinforced bell of pipe with such ends, shall he measured in accordance with Sec, 4.3.2 at the beginning of production of each specific material and each size. Thereafter, one specimen from each extrusion outlet shall be measured every two hours, 5.1.2 Flattening capability. The flattening capability of pipe shall be tested in accordance with Sec. 4.3.3.2 at the beginning of production from each extrusion outlet for cach specific material and each size. The test shall also be run immediately following any change from established running conditions that could affect extrusion quality. 5.1.3 Extrusion quality. The pipe produced from each extrusion outlet shall be tested in accordanee with Sec. 4.3.3.8 st the beginning of production of each ‘specific material and each size. The test shall also be run immediately following any change from established running conditions that could affeet extrusion quality. 5.14. Fitting segment fusion. Rach fitting manufactured using the butt fusion or thermal welding method of segment joining shall be tested in accordance with Sec. 4.4. 5.1.5 Fitting segment solvent-cemented bond quality. Where solvent cementing is used to join fitting segments, the quality of the bond shall be tested in accordance with Sec. 44.3.2 at the startup of a production run of fabricated fittings, and thereafter on every 50th fitting ur every 45 days, whichever is more frequent, of the same run, which is a quality assurance test. Failure to meet the requirements of ‘Sec. 4.4.3.2 or Sec, 4.4.4 shall result in the rejection or testing of all fittings manufactured since the last successful test. 5.1.6 Fabricated fitting pressure test. The test shall be performed in accor- dance with See. 4.4.4 on the first fitting of a production run, and thereafter on every fiftieth fitting or 45 days of the same run, whichever is more frequent. 5.1.7 Provision for test failure. When any PVC product fails to meet a require- ‘ment specified in this standard or in a referenced standard, additional tests shall be performed to determine which products are acceptable of those produced since the last favorable test. Products that fail to meet any requirement shall be rejected. Water Works sociation STD-AWWA CS3OS-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 OS0S832 LeT mm 12 AWWA C90597 See, 5.3 Sec. 6.1 ‘opyright by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16:21:06 2 5.1.8 Hydrostatic proofttest for pie. Each standard and random length of pipe shall be proof tested in accordance with Sec. 4.3.3.1. 8.1.9 Additional test requirements. The purchaser or supplier may allow the manufacturer to conduct hydrostatic proof tests for pipes at test frequencies other than those required in Sec. 5.1.8. Quality-Control Records ‘The manufacturer shall maintain, for a period of not less than two years, a record of all quality-control tests and shall, if requested, submit the pertinent record to the purchaser. Plant Inspection 5.3.1 Plant access. The purchaser shall have free access to those parts of a manufacturer's plant that are necessary to assure that products comply with all requirements. 6.8.2 Responsibility for compliance. Plant inspection by tho purchaser or the omission of such inspections shall not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility to furnish materiale complying with the applicable requirements of this standard. SECTION 6: DELIVERY Marking 6.1.1 General. Pipe and fittings shall bear identification markings that will remain legible after normal handling, storage, and installation. The markings shall be applied in a manner (hat will not reduce the strength of any product covered by this standard. 6.1.2 Pipe. Marking on the pipe shall include the following and shall be applied at intervals of not more than 5 ft (1.5 m): ‘Nominal size in inches and OD base (for example, 24 CD. PVC, Dimension ratio (for example, DR 26). AWWA pressure rating (for example, PR 165), AWWA designation number for this standard (AWWA C908). ‘Manufacturer's name or trademark and production record code. Seal (mark) of the testing agency that verified the suitability of the pipe material for potable-water service (See. 4.2.3), 6.1.3 Fabricated fittings, Marking on fabricated fitting shall include the following: peal ee Nominal size and OD base and, where applicable, deflection angle (for example, 18-in. IPS 45 degrees). b. PVC c. AWWA pressure rating (for example, PR 160), 4. AWWA designation number for this standard (AWWA C905). €. Manufacturer's name or trademark. £ Seal (mark) of the testing ageney that verified the suitability of the fitting for potable-water service (See. 4.2.1.2) Water Works sociation STD-AUWA C5DS-ENGL 1597 MM 0783950 OS0S833 Sbb mm PVC PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS 13, Sec. 6.2 Shipping and Delivery 6.2.1 Shipping. All pipe and fabricated fittings shall, unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, be prepared for standard commercial shipment. 622 Delivery. Pipe and fubricated fittings that do not comply with the applicable requirements of this standard or that are damaged when received shall be replaced by the manufacturer or supplier at the agreed point of delivery. Sec. 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance ‘The manufacturer shall, if so specified by the purchaser, furnish an affidavit that all delivered materials comply with the requirements of this standard and of the purchaser. ‘opyright by the American Water Works Association Tue Aug 21 16.2108 2 ‘opyright by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16.21.08 2 STD-AWWA CSQ5-ENGL 1797 MM 0783350 0505834 472 mm APPENDIX A Bibliography This appendix is for information only and is not a part of AWWA, C905. ANSVAWWA C605—Standard for Underground Installation of Polyvinyl Chlo- ride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and Fittings for Water, ANSVAWWA C900—Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe—4 In. Through 12 In. (200 mm Through 800 mm), for Water Distribution, ANSVAWWA C907—Standard for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Fittings for Water—4 In, Through 8 in, (100 mim Through 200 mm). AWWA Manual M23, PVC Pipe—Design and Installation. Denver, Colo: AWWA. (1980). Uni-Bell Handbook of PVC Pipe: Design and Construction, third edition. Dallas, Texas: Uni-Rell PVC Pipe Association (1991). ws Water Works sociation STD-AWWA CAD5-ENGL 1997 Ml 0783350 0505635 339 mm APPENDIX B Working-Pressure Rating Example This appendis ts for information only and is not a part of AWWA C¥U5. The analysis of a simple 5.6 mi transmission pipe line will illustrate the calculation and proper application of working pressure rating (WPR) for a water ‘transmission pipeline. The profile of the proposed pipeline is shown in Figure B. ‘Water must be convayed to a ground storage tank at the rate of 4.0000 gpm (5.76 mgd). The maximum water level in the tank is 35 ft from its floor. The centerline of the discharge end of the main, at the tie-in to the storage tank, will be 5 ft below the tank floor. Key stations and elevations along the pipeline are included in the following table: Table B.1 Station elevations Elevation et: Station Pipe Centerline 0+ 00 TR 80 +00 To R 160 + 00 sao 200 + 00 850 250 +00 925 270 + 00 905 ft 300 + 09, 909 Internal pressure usually determines the dimension ratio (DR) required. The total pressure in the pipe at any point is the sum of the static head, the friction loss, and the pressure rise as a result of sudden velocity changes (P,). Step 1: Determine the maximum flow velocity, Initially assume the heaviest wall (i.c., lowest DR) wo yield the maximum flow velocity. A nominal 20-in. PVC transmission pipe with CT outside diameter should handle 4,000 gpm. The average inside diameter can be calculated using ‘Table 2 of this standard, Average ID = Average OD - 2 (minimum wall thickness x 1.06)" (Eq B.1) Where: Average ID = 21.60 ~ 2 (1.200 » 1.06) 19.05 in, 1.59 ft ‘opyright by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16:21 “The tolerance on wall thickness is +12 percent. There is no minus tolerance. Average wall thickness is typically about 6 percent above the minimum, uw Previous page is blank Water Works sociation STD.AWWA CAOS-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 O50Saab 275 mm 18 AWWA C9057 Figure B.1 Profile of proposed pipeline Velocity V (Bq B2) De Where: @ = flow in cubie fect per second = 4,000 US gpm or 8.91 cfs A. = waterway area, in square feet V = velocity, in foot per second A= =u = 198 87 Therefore: 8.91 v~ S55 45 fue Step 2 Determine surge pressures (P,). Unusual or infrequent surge pressures, such as those associated with power outages, equipment breakdowns or demands for fire fighting, need not be included in this surge pressure determination. PVG pipe offere a higher short-tarm hoop strength, i.e., 6,400 psi, for handling these occasional surge conditions. However, recurring surges associated with the antici- pated operation of the pipeline or pipe system need to be quantified. Water Works sociation ‘opyright by the Amer Tue Aug 21 16:21:12 2 ‘opyright by the Amen Tue A Table B.2 STD-AWWA CIOS-ENGL 1997 MM 0783350 U50S637 Lu I PVC PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS 19 For simplicity, this analysis will conservatively assume instantaneous flow- stoppage of flow at full velocity. in practice, the amplitude and location of pressure surges can be more uecurately analyzed by computer. In addition, pipe casts can be significantly reduced through the uae of surge control deviees or controlled operating procedures. Pressure surges associated with an instantaneous one foot per second (1 ft/s) velocity change are shown in Table B.2 along with values specific to this example’s 4.5 ft/s flow velocity stoppage. Step 8: Determine the Working Pressure-Ratings (WPRs), Equation BS can be used to calculate the WR for each of the DRe in Step 2 (Tuble B.2). 2PR wer = [3 -P, (Eq Ba) For a safety factor (F) of 2, the above equation simplifies to: WER = PR-P, Step 4: Determine Friction Loss (f, Under Full Flow Conditions, Again assuming DR 18 to yield slightly greater losses than the olher pipe DRs under consideration. This assumption is conservative ‘The Hazen-Williams equation is typically used to caleulate friction loss. jaan ass ey Bay f= 0.208: aoa Instantaneous pressure surges Table B.3 DR , for each 1 fs AV 7 for a AV = 4.5 fs BT 10.2 pai 45,90 psi an 114 psi 51.90 psi a5 128 ps 57.60 psi 25 14.7 psi 66.15 psi a1 16.0 psi 72.00 psi w 174 pai 78.30 pst Calculated working pressure ratings DR PR 2 WER, aL 80 pst 45.00 psi BE psi 4 100 psi 51.80 psi 49 psi 825 125 pai 57.60 psi 61 psi 25 160 pat 66.15 psi 99 pst a 200 psi 72.00 pei 128 pei 18 235 pal 78.30 psi 157 pei 21 1621-19 20 1 Water Works Assoraton STD-AWWA CSDS-ENGL 4997 MM 07439350 0505838 O48 am 20, AWWA 0905-07 Where: friction loss, ft of H,0/100 ft flow rate, in gallons per minute pipe internal diameter, in inches flow coefficient 150 for PVC pipe ‘Substituting for 20-in. DR 18 pipe, Be ouuue 1.952 f = 0.2089] 1.85 eo) (Bq BS) 160} y9,05° f = 0.273 fe of water per 100 ft of pipeline = 0.118 psi per 100 fof pipeline Step 5: Determine the working pressures at key points under steady state, full flow conditions. The working pressure (P), is the sum of the static head due to elevation and the friction lost Starting at the storago tank shown in Figure B.1: Station 300 + 00 Elevation head = 945 - 905 = 40f or 40 x 0.433 paift of water = 17.82 psi Station 270 + 00 Elevation head = 945 - 905 = 408 Friction head = (900 -270)0.118 = 8.64 psi ‘Total head = (40 x 0.433) + 9.54 = 20.86 psi Station 250 +00 Elevation head = 945-925 =20ft = 8.66 psi Friction head = (800 - 250)0.118 = 5.90 psi Total head = 14.56 psi Continue this procedure for all stations. ‘The pressures, P, at the key points in the line are summurized in Table Bd. Table B.A Values of pressure Leen ETT EEEEEEEE-=TTEUEEEEEE-ceueeneenl Elevation Friction Pressure Station Head Head P 300 + 00 17.32 psi 0 11.82 psi 270 + 00 17.32 pai 3.54 psi 20.86 psi 260 + 00 8.66 psi 5.90 psi 14.56 pai 200 +00 41.28 pai 11,80 psi 52.98 pei 160 + 00 45.45 psi 16.52 psi 61.97 pei 80 +00 73.59 psi 25.96 psi 99.85 psi +00 78.59 pai 85.40 psi 109,00 pei ih by the American Water Works Association Tue Aug 21 162115 2 STD-AWWA CSOS-ENGL 1957 MM 0783350 0505839 TAY me PVC PRESSURE PIPE AND FABKICATED FITTINGS 21 Step 6: Select the appropriate pipe DR for each section of the pipeline. ‘Step 3 determined that DR 21 has a WPR for this example of at least 128 psi. DR 21 pipe is needed from station 0 + 00 until the point where working pressure drops below 98 psi (i.e., the WPR of the next pipe DR in this example). The point at which the Pressure drops to 96 psi is determined using the pressure gradiont from station 80 +00 to 160+ 00. AP, = 0.469 psi/100 f ‘The point at which P = 98 psi is calculated as follows: 9899.55 uae 7 380 (ie, 330 ft downstream of 80 + 00). Thus, DR 25 can be used beginning at (80 + 00) + (3 + 0) = 83 +30. Similarly, the point at which the next DR (i.c., DR 32.5) meets the design WPR of 67 psi is determined using pressure gradients, 67-99.55 See ~ 9940 (i.e, 6,940 foot downstream of 80 + 00) ‘Thus, DR 82.5 can be used beginning at (80 + 00) + (69 + 40) = 149 + 40. Since the WPR of 32.6 in this example is 67 psi, this pipe can be used from 149 + 40 to 200 + 00 where P = 52.98 psi and to some point beyond where the pressure thas dropped to within the range of DR 41 pipe with a WPR = 48 pei. ‘The pressure gradient trom 200 + 00 to 260 + 00 is 14.36 AP, = BSBA EEOS = 0.771 pailt00 Since P = 52.93 psi at 200 + 00, and DR 41 has a WPR = 48 psi, the pressure change being considered is 4852.93 = -4.98 psi 4.93 Zorn ~ 69° (i.c., 639 ft downstream of 200 + 00) Therefore, begin using DR 41 at (200 + 00) + (6 + 39) = 206 + 39, The point at which the final DR 61 can be used (WPR = 34 psi) is similarly determined. Water Works sociation Tue Aug 21 16:21:16 2 STD-AWWA CAO5-ENGL 2997 MM 0783350 OSOSA4D 7Tb mm 22 AWWA.C805.97 Table B.5 Appropriate pipe DX selections for this example TS For Digtance fram Use PVC Pressure Range Pump House Pipe DR on) 0-890 ® pr 109-08 830-14,940 f 25 98-87 14,940-20,699 325 67-48 20,699-29,455 fe a1 48-34 22,490-80,000 51 34-1782 ——___22.898-90,000 fe eae 84-62.98 = 18.93 psi (i.e, 2,455 ft downstream of 200 + 00) Therefore, begin using DR 61 at (200 + 00) + (24 + 55) = 224 4+ 55. ‘The appropriate DR selections are summarized in Table B.5. ‘This analysis demonstrates the proper use of WPR for DR selection. In some cazes, two further design considerations may be important, If the pipeline is operated in a cyclic mode (frequent on-off basis), an analysis of fatique life should be made using methods given in the Uni-Bell Handbook of PVC Pipe. The effect of external loads (earth and live loads) is seldom a design consideration for pressure pipes. The height of the cover is usually minimal and the internal pressure far exceeds the external pressure, However, the effect of external loads can readily be determined using methods given in AWWA Manual 23. ih by the American Water Works Association Tue Aug 21 162118 2 SSTD-AWUA CA05-ENGL 1997 MM 0783380 OSOSA41 632 1P-7.5M=43905-5/88-MG Printed on recycted paper. ight by the American Water Works Association Tue Aug 21 162119

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