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CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD:
Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, is a method or device used to
prevent pregnancy. Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe methods
of birth control only became available in the 20th century.Planning, making available, and using birth
control is called family planning. Some cultures limit or discourage access to birth control because
they consider it to be morally, religiously, or politically undesirable.
TYPES OF CONTRACEPTIVE:

FAMILY PLANNING:
Family planning is the practice of controlling the number of children in a family and the intervals
between their births. Contemporary notions of family planning, however, tend to place a woman and
her childbearing decisions at the center of the discussion, as notions of women's empowerment and
reproductive autonomy have gained traction in many parts of the world. Family planning may involve
consideration of the number of children a woman wishes to have, including the choice to have no
children, as well as the age at which she wishes to have them. These matters are influenced by
external factors such as marital situation, career considerations, financial position, any disabilities
that may affect their ability to have children and raise them, besides many other considerations. If
sexually active, family planning may involve the use of contraception[1][2] and other techniques to
control the timing of reproduction. Other techniques commonly used include sexuality
education,[2][3] prevention and management of sexually transmitted infections,[2] pre-conception
counseling[2] and management, and infertilitymanagement.
EFFECTS OF FAMILY PLANNING:
Barrier Methods

Condoms are one of the most popular barrier methods. There are both male condoms, which
are thin latex or polyurethane sheaths used to cover the penis, and female condoms, which are
polyurethane sheaths secured inside the vagina. Irritation or allergic reaction, especially to
latex, is a possible side effect. Other barrier methods are spermicide-filled diaphragms and
vaginal sponges. Side effects to these devices include possible allergic reaction to spermicides,
urinary tract infection and, in rare cases, toxic shock syndrome.

Sterilization
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For women, the sterilization surgery is called tubal ligation, during which the fallopian tubes are
cut and sealed or blocked to prevent eggs from uniting with sperm. The comparable surgery for
men, during which the tubes that carry sperm are cut and sealed, is called a vasectomy. The
side effects can include pain and discomfort from the surgery as well as, in rare cases,
complications due to the anesthesia used during the surgery. While these sterilization methods
are typically viewed as permanent, they can often be reversed.

Advantages

According to the California Department of Health Services Office of Family Planning,

family planning reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among
women, and allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a
child. Family planning gives women the option to wait until they are financially able to
care for a child, and gives them time to pursue educational and employment goals
without worrying about the financial burden of an unplanned pregnancy.

Advantages

According to the California Department of Health Services Office of Family Planning,

family planning reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among
women, and allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a
child. Family planning gives women the option to wait until they are financially able to
care for a child, and gives them time to pursue educational and employment goals
without worrying about the financial burden of an unplanned pregnancy.

Advantages

According to the California Department of Health Services Office of Family Planning,

family planning reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among
women, and allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a
child. Family planning gives women the option to wait until they are financially able to
care for a child, and gives them time to pursue educational and employment goals
without worrying about the financial burden of an unplanned pregnancy.

Advantages

According to the California Department of Health Services Office of Family Planning,

family planning reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among
women, and allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a
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child. Family planning gives women the option to wait until they are financially able to
care for a child, and gives them time to pursue educational and employment goals
without worrying about the financial burden of an unplanned pregnancy.

Advantages

According to the California Department of Health Services Office of Family Planning,

family planning reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among
women, and allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a
child. Family planning gives women the option to wait until they are financially able to
care for a child, and gives them time to pursue educational and employment goals
without worrying about the financial burden of an unplanned pregnancy.

Advantages

According to the California Department of Health Services Office of Family Planning,

family planning reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among
women, and allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a
child. Family planning gives women the option to wait until they are financially able to
care for a child, and gives them time to pursue educational and employment goals
without worrying about the financial burden of an unplanned pregnancy.

Advantages

According to the California Department of Health Services Office of Family Planning,

family planning reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among
women, and allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a
child. Family planning gives women the option to wait until they are financially able to
care for a child, and gives them time to pursue educational and employment goals
without worrying about the financial burden of an unplanned pregnancy.

Advantages

According to the California Department of Health Services Office of Family Planning,

family planning reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among
women, and allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a
child. Family planning gives women the option to wait until they are financially able
toIUDs
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Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are T-shaped devices inserted into a woman’s uterus to prevent
pregnancy. Some IUDs contain copper, which interferes with sperm movement. Others release
synthetic progestogens, which prevent the ovaries from releasing eggs (ovulation). One of the
more common side effects of IUDs is irregular bleeding, cramping and longer menstrual cycles.
There is also risk of developing pelvic inflammatory disease. Up to 10 percent of women
spontaneously expel the IUD during the first year.

Hormonal Methods

Hormonal methods, which deliver a combination of synthetic estrogen and synthetic

progestogen into the body to prevent ovulation, include “The Pill,” skin patches and
contraceptive vaginal rings like NuvaRing. Depending on the amount of hormone levels they
deliver, these methods can cause a variety of side effects, like nausea, weight gain, mood
changes, dizziness and irregular menstrual cycles, and may even lead to heart attack or stoke.
Progestogen-only methods, like Provera and Implanon, may cause irregular bleeding, breast
tenderness and weight gain.

Fertility Awareness

Also called natural family planning, fertility awareness-based methods are ways to track which
days of the month a woman is ovulating and thus most likely to get pregnant. One way a
woman can track ovulation, known as Calendar Charting, is by looking at her past menstrual
cycles to estimate which days in the future she will ovulate. Another way is by monitoring her
cervical mucus for changes in consistency, a sign of ovulation. She can also monitor her Basal
Body Temperature to track her infertile days. Although a high rate of failure is associated with
fertility awareness-based methods, there are no medical side effects.
IMPORTANT DETAILS:
"Family planning benefits the health and well-being of women and families throughout
the world. Using contraception can help to avoid unwanted pregnancies and space
births; protect against STDs, including HIV/AIDS; and provide other health benefits."
DISADVANTAGES/ADVANTAGES FOR FAMILY:
Disadvantages
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The side effects of hormonal birth control may stand out as a disadvantage for some

women. While many women regularly use contraception without experiencing side

effects, complications can and do occur. The most common side effects associated with

hormonal contraception include weight gain, headaches, dizziness and nausea. Less

common but more serious side effects include stroke, blood clots and ectopics

pregnancy.

Advantages:

According to the California Department of Health Services Office of Family Planning,

family planning reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among

women, and allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a

child. Family planning gives women the option to wait until they are financially able to

care for a child, and gives them time to pursue educational and employment goals

without worrying about the financial burden of an unplanned pregnancy.