ai2giza17 Electrical Login Jaccounsloglh) | tecuiving Blog Vblog/categoryidsveleciyingblog) | Jobs blogeategoryid27hebs) | [Adverts (ntpv/charypublcations ivhomeradverase) |” Subscribe (htp/charypublleatons.inyproducvorers) | Contact Us(Mhomelcontat) rep stmaa facebook comvelecriclindamagazine) [") (ntpunwun.cvitercomvelectrialinas (opin linkedin convinvleccalinds) (nttosiplus gootle coral" 02183478956568%73612/p03) FEE NewsteterSubsrotion B student's Corner Volog/studentscarnes) searey a st magazine on power and electrical products industry o 7 (upon Nitrogen Injection Fire Prevention and Extinguishing System for Oil Filled Transformers (product-detai.htmi) Nitrogen Injection Fire Prevention and Extinguishing System for Oil Filled Transformers trata oot both as slong and oong med Durngan heera au resting nan are wi case ee. There ey opred sean om (eition of ol causing explosion of an, rupture of tank core and winding and lo burnin the metering equpment - Kiran Kumar RB The-nirogenineaion and aren met uy sone ofthe bes ve prevention anid exingulshing system fr fie anstormers or nscrfoutdar use. This ystems tomate an uratendea Maintenance ree and lw cert compare esther systems Fire- Anatomy & Clasiieation Hate, Tey are aso idented as two or treeaensionl + Two-dimensional ies are these were fre and fuel are ona single plane or flat surface. Ground fre or ench fie fal nthis group of es. ree dimensional rs are complated fires ofalingliquc steams or uel under pressure escaping ‘rom a container. ir resuking fom leak of transformer ol fal under this eategory. Fires nothappen by ther enn set requir some elements Four factors Elen ust be ruled inorder before combustion occurs. They 26 + HeatSuilentto raise the temperature te lgntlon point + ggen at suricient quariy + Fuel + Chemical Chain reaction of above tree mixtures ese our element may be eprese ithe foro lerahedeon, Just as ramoval fone or mor dso tetrahedron cause its breskdown, the removal fone or more actors cause theft case, htlp sw lectricalingiainvbog postielS896/ntrogor-injectin re-pravention-and-extinguishing-systomor-l led-ransformers wear2gi2017 Electrical \ Ss tuploads/2253/main files ransormer png) ‘The Fire TangleFine Tetrahedron xcept explosion, mos res have humble tating ac grow ough the lloning our tages of cmbustions Inelplene stage: Als stage decompositions occuring at the surface ofthe fuel due tothe intuence ef some form of heat, Products of combustion ven off ac this tage are invstbe othe eye. Smouldering Stage: Ar this tage, upto 10% ofthe decomposing prods relaasd at the surface of the fuel are visible Flaming tage: Vapour from the decomposing fuel have ignited and are at ne stage where fames aresel-propagatng Heat stage: A this stage te burting has progressed to the point where the fies sti smal but generaing sufeient neato warm the ait irnmediately aroun the ie sending warm products of combustion upwards by convection. The abave principle s used fo the selection of Tre Clasifcation of ire ax per Bureau of Indian Standard (85) ‘Combustible substance can be present in thee stats-sol,Igud and gaseous sate. The burning of most raters produces a fame, his occurs when vapour orgs vero by he gud sod stern is ignted. Depending Upon the nature ana stato the burning materi es are general elas edinto A.B Car ype. clase-A: Fire Trese are fires ivolng sold maar, normaly of carbon compounds mich combustion. Caray occurs with the formation flowing embers hp sw lectricalingiainvbog postiels896/ntroger- injection -ire-pravenion-ane-entinguishing-systom-fr-olfiled-ranstormers anar2gi2017 Electrical ‘These ype of res are mest common Examples of Class - tres are res nvahng wos ras paper, plac ccalte lass: ire ‘These tes inode farmable guide or iquetible sais. That ses occuring in vapourait mute over the surace of flammable gids such as gasetin, pats tiers, These pes of res occur in storaga tanks nd aria storages “Teese ae fies invling iquefable gases tke propane, brane PG, #26 Clase: Fire ‘These are fires that occur in combusbble metals such as ragnesimTeanlum, Sedum et. For Convelng such res, pedal extinguishing agentsfeuipmert and techniques are tobe used. leceial ies ‘As parte classifaton ef Bureau of naan Standards, electives donot consttte a Parculr les. The normal procedure sto cutoff ec supply and “erenguin tre fe ving Eauprmen & medum appropriate fr the burg material fourring material maybe PUC Insulton around te conductors othe conductor ‘material thersaies such a alii ara Coppa, Extinguishing agents which are non-condutrs& nonamaging othe equipment should he ure, Incase of Sov postive isolation o leet sup! shou be done Important Properties of Flammable Materials ash Point Flash Plato aauid the minimum temperature at which sufcent vapours gen oft form anole mixture wth the ar near the surtace ofthe gu. By lgncable mauve s meant a mature tats thin ne farmmable ange and tats capable of propagation ef fame away om the gen source though vapour re ‘voled atterperatres blow the Flsh pon he concentrations nt sce forgnton to oe ‘Flash pont of transformer ols 1460¢ Fire ‘Te lowes temperature of lula which vapours evlvedIshot enough to supsertconinuous Combustion se pol. Ths temperature Is usually afew degrees ove te azn pint Autoignition temperature isthe nium temperate required tint se-sstained combustion in a substance without any apparent source onion spark or are The substance may be sol, quid or g35€015 Thus auto lgrtion te gallon oa combustible materi tout intaven by any external agency thea spark ot ‘arre- when the mate has beer ries tthe auto gion emperature nena petroleum pros transferred ino a conaine, commences vapors, tat i berate aint the space above Teresa aendeney forth as ‘erectssohe inthe igus ana equim ultimately teached with 2 cera ameun of as evenly dtrbute teughout Fire Extinguishing Methods forthe purpoe a extinguishing res we nav to basally Imi or elminate one or mor lees of the fetal tetranadron namely fuel soure of enon oxygen a ane eain reaction fr stopping the combustion proces. Whatever maybe the eaupment othe extinguishing mesa used fre igh, they flow tne {eoing four basi mechaisns fo fre etincon. These ae the comment adopted methods of extinguishing fret: + starvation -liminaton of fel + Smothering Limtation of Oxygen + Coaling Removal of trnperature Ignition Source. + nition - Breaking the chain reactions ‘Starvation canbe bough about 3 ways: + By removing combustible material fem the wnt of re sueh as transfer of fuel rom burning transformers, seating or closing of valve on lor gas Ine leading to fire taking material out ofthe ware-nouse ee Smothering the agen ora source the burning mater can be minimizes or ime, he combustion al tend orcas, Tis meted of extinguishment sacomplaned by cover burning surface wth a we blanket, Sn, OCP, Foam, ee cooling the nea generated curing cmourton canbe dslpstes ata ster rat than generaton by some means the combustion cannot uetah y proper cooling the hest ‘of combumionferemoves aa Faster at thus rescing the temperature ofthe bring mass cominuoush ns course time tre net orl mre than the rotution and ne Sire wl eke don. Aplation of wate to spray fr this calngpurpore is based on ths method ans prin ple. The eer of an extinguishing agent as cooing medium depends upon specie and latent heats, aswell asthe bong pan For these reasons ate ia good caolng medium as sped and Iatae heats ae gher tan hese fear common exingulshing media Combustion const f rape hain reactions inching hydrogen atoms and other ate substances ‘Reasons for Fre nl Filed Transformers ice due co inernal causes “Tose fats that ise within nthe transform areclle internal au. Ths fate are very svar and thar ala sk offre + Line te ground faut or ine tone fault on HV and LV axterralterminals + Linete ground oftine tone feu on HV and LV windings. + Shor eireit between rns of HY and LY windings. + Duet Breakdown of insulation of mination Bolts ee a poor slecical connection of conductors whieh causes arcing under ol hp sw olectricalingiainvbog postiels895/ntroger-injection-ire-pravention-ane-entinguishing-syslom-fr-olfiled-ranstormers anar2gi2017 Electrical + Coclane tals, which wil cause a risk of temperature rise ever below fll load operation + Bad oad sharing between transformers, n parallel whien can cause overheating due to circulating current Fire causes due to external causes: Fas woien ecurin ther parc of he sstam ouside the wansforme, are cals eterna aus. + Bushing flue + out fire + Spread of fie from surroundings Aline above wll aves neal break down of sulting materi the wanstormer and te resulting ac energy cautes apa reo olltemperatue, Due to ising of clterperatus the not Thaung exceed the lsh point tenperature coming conactwenonygen fom the eternal atmosphere, causes freinsheol fies ‘eansformar. ‘Damages caused due othe fire in Ol filed Transformers + Sxplsion of nk + Rupture of tank Winding ane core + Personnel injury + Neighboring equipments such as CTs, iginingarestrs, power cables, marshaling box et, catching fe, Due ofr intneoltemperatre ses pay anil exood fash point temperature. Hence pressor inthe transformer tanrises apidy PR acts or evenin some cass tank pre ‘Extract From indian Electricity Rules 1956 Second Amendment 2000) Section NR 64120) (page No-4) Winer asuestaion oa sutching station wth apparatus having more than 2000 Ie of all's rsa, wheter Indoor o outdoor, he follwing measures should be taken arn + roisions shal be made for sultable ollsoakpit and where use of more than 9000 ters of olin anyone all tank, receptacle or chambers invalved, provision sal be made forthe craining away or removal f any ol whieh may leak or escape from the tank receptacle or chambers containing the ‘same special precautions shal beaker to preven the spread of any re resulting trom the ignition ofthe ol rom any ease and adequate provision ‘shal be made fr extinguishing any fre which may occu Section WR 642) (9 (page No-2) + whout prejudice tothe above measures adequate re protection arrangements shale provides for quenching the fre inthe apparatus. + The ranstormer shall be protected by an sutomotve high velo water spray system or by Carbor-cioxise (C02) oF BEF (Brome enoro- dilure ‘methane or BTM (Bromet Muro methane fed installacon sytem or Nragen Injection and dan method” ‘trogen injection & brain Method General description Ie consss of fre etingushingcuble near the vanstormer, convalbox'nconvl room, re dtecr on vanstormaranktop ove, special designed noneture ‘alvin conservator pig Setweenbuchhokz rely anc conservator tank, and sina box placed on transform. ire extinguishing cblde connected transformer tank by pips foro drain and nitrogen njecson Cable connections ate provides rom ral xt Contrl Box an fram Cotrl box oie Cube, trogen ijction fie prevention and extinguishing system designe fr liles transformer shall preven, nk explosion and here during itera us esting in an arcwnere tank oxsoson wll normal fake fw secon ate rc generation and als exinguisn the external ol fies on rasformer tp ever due otk ‘iplton or externa ares ke bushing fires, du to OLTC res and fe from surrounding equipment Tre system shall work on the princi of DRAIN AND STIR" and an actuation shall rain a predetermine quant of rom te tank top Se ough the sles ab, ec he tank reste atric nitrogen gs thigh presnue rom he ler seo the tank trough ine vale to create sting ation andresuce he temperature of topo surface below fash point to etnguith their. Conservator tank halle eles srng tank explosion ano fr, prevent aration fo fe "Warsformerislaton sal be an essential precondition fr actvating the sytem, ‘Thesystam shal be designed to operate manually nase of fale of power source system Equipment’ + fire extinguishing cubicle: Wh base frame and containing ll drain assembly, trogen ojlinder, lactromecnanical control unt for olan and ‘trogen release, pressure montring switch for backup protection fr release of nitrogen, detectors necessary for montaring sytem, fanges wth gate / buttery valves ontop panel for connecting pipe connections from transformer, panellightng et. + Fire extinction period + On commencement ofN2 injection» Maximum 30 seconds +n system activation upto post coolng* Maximum 3 minute ‘Control box: For monitoring system operation, automat conta andrenae peration, wth lars, nation ght sees, push buttons au sgn le fot detection suitable or wpping an signaling an Saton batery DC Supe. ‘prestressed non-return valve (PNRV: Working mechanically on traetorrer oll ow rate, nh rosy ste or remote alarm indication and wth visual poston ineeaton, htlp sw olectricalingiainvbog postiels896/ntroger-injection-ie-pravention-ane-entinguishing-syslom-fr-olfiled-ranstormers arar2gi2017 Electrical PNW sting for operation” Minimum ines per minute fetactrs Te requles number offre detectors ate for 1410 fr heat senng ted ont topo the transforms Heat sensing temperature" 1810¢ eat sensing rea “800 mm ads Signal bo: For trminating able connections from PMY and tre deters Sehemaicarrangement of Nuogen jection fie prevenon &exingushing system oo fled power wansformers Fre extinguishing cubical (£0) tbe placed on plinth at about minimum 5 mits away from the transformer I consists of [trogen eyinder with regulator and alin pressure electrical contact manometer. Cll drain pipe win macharical quick drain valve. Electromechanical corral equipments or ol rain and pre-determined regulated nitrogen release, Pressure monitoring ste for backup protection for nitrogen release Contalbox with actuating. monoring devices and Ine rauk indicators, to be placedin contrelreom) Prestressed Non-return Valve (PNR tobe fted in the conservator pipeline etween conservator and buchhot relay operating mechanically on transformer ol flow rate with elecrial signal fr manterin. + Fire detectors fixed on transformer tank top cover for sensing re, Signal box xed on transformer side value for terminating cable connections frm re aetector and PNRY, ‘ther conngcson requirement for sym nstallasen operat Cll drain and nitrogen openings wit gate valves on transformer tank, Ranges with dummy plece ln conservator pipe and fra detectors brackets on teansformer top cover. Spare potential fre contacts for system atvating signals thats diferent lay buehhot rely, and pressure rele vale for ransormerfolaton Pipe connections between transformer to fe extinguishing cubic & fe extinguishing cabal tol pe Cabling on tanstormer top cove al re detecorso be connected inparalel and inter cabling bexween signal boxto contra box and contol boxto fire exungushing cubide Plinth for fire extinguishing cubic, ol pit with capacy a5 10% of total oll quantiy of transformer. uring ite due to ntena or externa faults in he wanstormer the fie detector Senses an ges acting signa tothe sytem, Transformer Soated om the suo and predetermined quently ofl ran commences, Strutanaousl Ntrogen ete under pressure ata predetermined fo ate eats string action & ‘empersture of topo surfazeiserougt below gnton point and ire extinguishers within 30 seconds, Nivogen 35 occupies space rated by ol erain and 2c as an Insulting layer beeen ank olan fire ontop cover, Prestressea nmetumed valve locks ollpasre, so oats conseratortankll and reverts exalt of hp sw olectricalingiainvbog postiels895/ntroger-injection-ire-pravention-ane-entinguishing-syslom-fr-olfiled-ranstormers srar2gi2017 Electrical System actvating gnats Fer Prevention: iferental rely wip + buchhaky or pressure rel vale trip + crc breaker rp (rantarmer zoe). Fer Extinction: Fre detector operation + Buchholz or pressure rel vaetp + cre oreaker tip (renefrme oat Maintenance Practialy Nirogen ncn and Brain method a Fire Protection and Extinguisher sytem ie itanance re, Ihe recommended for monthly vsuingpetion for about 16-20 minute and annus peraonaest schedule Advanta of Nitrogen Injection & Brain Method of Fire Protection + Low investment cost as compared to other conventional system. + ery low post fre an na secondary damages + Micimum maintenance ana running cost. + No climatic effec. + Suitable forincoor / outdoor installation, + Minimum space requirement + Mut signals for atvaton, eliminates fale alas + Allows system testing on operational ranstrmer not posible with conventional fre system. + Nomosstureabsorsing in inside tre transformer dua to presence of nitrogen + Great saving in cost due to absence of moisture + Fullyautomatic, unattended and a fool prot system, + ean be operated manualy/ automata local remote control. + Nowater reservoir oF major el work required + Prevents transformer explosion ensuring system remain functioning. + Preventon of unplanned cutages. + Considerable savings. + improves oveal power system retail, conclusion ‘The Nevogan njecion &Dran metho! to protec tha Power Transformer fom catching fe is2 best method sethnquesuted for Indoor/Outdoor appcaton because ‘of invesiments lw maintenance tn praca no running cor beside assuring Fool roo operation & is eig sstsactony acoptes ty mary sate lec Boards re is good servant but bad mater sae way bes oy. ‘Author strom Mysore repon ectricity Supply Company. htlp sw olectricalingiainvbog postielS895/ntroger-injection-ie-pravention-ane-entinguishing-system-fr-olfiled-ranstormers arar2gi2017 Electrical 2 Comments @ Ekamberam Anan Recommend 2 Et Share Sort by Bast FE viv secvson e = hiitrealterfrecompanen Ral Sia Fre Componenis sa Trading Company, engaged in offering solutions for Firefghting and Pre Puna. 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