KOBE STEEL.,LTD.

Doc.No.072017-U161
Civil Engineering Technical Seminar:
Challenges in Design and Construction of High Strength Steel Structures
Singapore, 11 January 2018

Welding Consumables for High Strength Steels

Masayuki NAGAMI
Welding Process Department, Technical Center
Welding Business
KOBE STEEL, LTD.

Doc.No.072017-U161

CONTENTS

• Introduction of Welding Business, KOBE STEEL LTD.

& KOBELCO WELDING ASIA PACIFIC(KWAP)

• Application of High Strength Steel in Steel Structure

• High Efficiency Welding Process

• Tips of Welding of High Strength Steels

• Welding Consumables for S460,S500 & S690 grade

- Product range
- High light: FCW & MCW for S690 grade
• Summary
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Doc.No.072017-U161

Welding Business, KOBE STEEL, LTD.

Head of business Fusaki Koshiishi

Employees 2,500
Annual sales 2014 788Million US$
Headquarter office Tokyo Japan
R & D Facility Fujisawa Japan Tokyo Headquarter office

Production Plant Domestic 4, Overseas 8

Sales Ratio Domestic 43%, Overseas 57%
Market Share Domestic 48%, Worldwide 5% (by our Estimation)

Doc.No.072017-U161

Sales by Regions

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Factories in Japan

Doc.No.072017-U161

Our Global Reach

KWE KWI KWK KWAI

(NETHERLAND) (INDIA) (KOREA) (USA)

KWMK
(KOREA)

KWT
Dubai KWQ
(CHINA)
(UAE)
TKW/KMWT KWSH
(THAILAND) (CHINA)

KWM
(MALAYSIA) Vietnam
(VIETNAM)
KWAP
(SINGAPORE) Jakarta
(INDONESIA)

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Our products

Doc.No.072017-U161

KOBELCO WELDING ASIA PACIFIC in Singapore

Factory

Sales Office
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Doc.No.072017-U161

CONTENTS

• Introduction of Welding Business, KOBE STEEL LTD.

& KOBELCO WELDING ASIA PACIFIC(KWAP)

• Application of High Strength Steel in Steel Structure

• High Efficiency Welding Process

• Tips of Welding of High Strength Steels

• Welding Consumables for S460,S500 & S690 grade

- Product range
- High light: FCW & MCW for S690 grade
• Summary
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Application of High-Strength Steel in Steel Structures

1200

1100
Tensile strength level (MPa)

1000 Sphere tank Penstock

900
Bridge
800

700 Building

600

500 Shipbuilding
400
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Year
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Doc.No.072017-U161

Application of High-Strength Steel in Steel Structures

Yield strength level (MPa)

400 500 600 700 800 900

0
Design temperature (℃)

Penstock

Bridge, Building, LPG

CONT' ship
-20 (hatch side coaming) Tank
[Trend]

Higher strength
-40

Offshore structure Offshore structure

(Jacket etc.) (Jack-up rig)
-60 Higher toughness

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Doc.No.072017-U161

CONTENTS

• Introduction of Welding Business, KOBE STEEL LTD.

& KOBELCO WELDING ASIA PACIFIC(KWAP)

• Application of High Strength Steel in Steel Structure

• High Efficiency Welding Process

• Tips of Welding of High Strength Steels

• Welding Consumables for S460,S500 & S690 grade

- Product range
- High light: FCW & MCW for S690 grade
• Summary
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High Efficiency Welding Process

1-run SAW for BOX Section Column
・1-run with multi electrodes SAW
・Extremely high heat input (Up to approx.60kJ/mm)

Up to YS440MPa grade steels

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High Efficiency Welding Process

Electroslag Welding for Diaphragm in Box Section Column
・1-run vertical-up
・Extremely high heat input (Up to approx.100kJ/mm)

Up to YS440MPa grade steels

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High Efficiency Welding Process

Mechanized welding of Column by Robot
・Full mechanized GMAW
・Less defects, spatter compared to manual welding
by the combination of KOBELCO ARCMAN and Solid wire

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Doc.No.072017-U161

CONTENTS

• Introduction of Welding Business, KOBE STEEL LTD.

& KOBELCO WELDING ASIA PACIFIC(KWAP)

• Application of High Strength Steel in Steel Structure

• High Efficiency Welding Process

• Tips of Welding of High Strength Steels

• Welding Consumables for S460,S500 & S690 grade

- Product range
- High light: FCW & MCW for S690 grade
• Summary
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Tips for Welding of High Strength Steel

Image of weld metal properties
Strength
Lower level Higher

Strength
Strength

Notch Crack
Notch Crack toughness
toughness resistance resistance

Weld parameters need to be strictly controlled for trouble-free.

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Tips for Welding of High Strength Steel

Influence of cooling rate on weld metal strength
Thin↓ <Plate thickness> ↑Thick
High↑ <Heat input> ↓Low
High↑ <Preheat, Interpass temp.> ↓Low
900
Strength of weld metal (MPa)

800
Tensile strength

700

Yield Strength
600

500
0 5 10 15 20 25
Calculated cooling rate at 540℃ by
Rosenthal’s equation (℃/sec.) 18

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Tips for Welding of High Strength Steel

Influence of temp. control & hydrogen level on crack resistance
TS level (MPa)

1043～1074 964～1016
200
875～920
Preheat & Interpass temp. (℃)

No Crack
805～845
150
Window type cold cracking test
755～778 • Welding process : SAW
100 • Plate thickness : 50mm
• Weld metal thickness: 40mm
• Heat input : 3.8kJ/mm
50
Crack

0
1 2 3 4 5 10

Diffusible hydrogen content

(mL/100g, Gas chromatography)
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Tips for Welding of High Strength Steel

Cold crack observed on cap pass

Window type cold cracking test

• Welding process : GMAW
• Plate thickness : 85mm
• Heat input : 1.1kJ/mm
• Interpass temp. : 50~55℃

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Doc.No.072017-U161

CONTENTS

• Introduction of Welding Business, KOBE STEEL LTD.

& KOBELCO WELDING ASIA PACIFIC(KWAP)

• Application of High Strength Steel in Steel Structure

• High Efficiency Welding Process

• Tips of Welding of High Strength Steels

• Welding Consumables for S460,S500 & S690 grade

- Product range
- High light: FCW & MCW for S690 grade
• Summary
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Doc.No.072017-U161

Welding Consumables for S460/500 grade

S460(S460M,S460ML) S500(S500Q,S500QL,S500QL1)
LB-62
SMAW (DCEP) LB-67L
LB-62UL
GMAW(CO2) MG-60 MG-70
DW-60 (All position, Rutile) DW-60D (All position, Rutile)
FCAW (CO2)
MX-60 (Metal-cored) DW-62L (All position, Rutile)
MF-300/ US-40
SAW (DCEP) AF-490AS/ US-36
PF-H80AS/ US-56B
NOTE: Whether above products can be recommended or not depends on
the requirement of weld metal mechanical properties in structure design

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Welding Consumables for S690 grade

S690(S690Q,S690QL,S690QL1)
SMAW (DCEP) LB-80L
MG-82 (CO ) 2
GMAW
MG-S88A (Ar-CO ) 2
Truck record on
Offshore structure
DW-A80L (All position, Rutile) Storage tank
FCAW (Ar-CO2) Building etc.
MX-A80L (Metal-cored)
PF-H80AS/ US-80LT (DCEP)
SAW
PF-H80AK/ US-80LT (AC)
NOTE: Whether above products can be recommended or not depends on
the requirement of weld metal mechanical properties in structure design

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Welding Consumables for S690 grade

Tao Zhu Yin Yuan Tower, Taiwan

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Flux-Cored Wire for S690, DW-A80L

• Reliable mechanical properties
• Low hydrogen content
• All positional welding with 80%Ar+20%CO2
• Classified to
AWS A5.28 E111T1-GM H4
EN ISO 18276-A-T 69 4 Z P M 2 H5
Typical Deposited Metal Properties

Tensile properties Notch toughness

0.2%OS TS El.(4D) Absorbed energy (J)
(MPa) (MPa) (%) -60℃ -40℃
739 808 22 83 94

Chemical composition (mass%) Diffusible hydrogen content

C Si Mn P S Ni Mo N=1 N=2 N=3 N=4 Avg.
0.07 0.32 1.82 0.008 0.006 2.42 0.15 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.6 2.8
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Doc.No.072017-U161

Metal-Cored Wire for S690, MX-A80L

• Reliable mechanical properties
• Low hydrogen content
• For 1G & 2G welding with 80%Ar+20%CO2
• Classified to
AWS A5.28 E110C-G H4
EN ISO 18276-A-T 69 6 Mn2,5Ni M M 3 H5
Typical Deposited Metal Properties

Tensile properties Notch toughness

0.2%OS TS El.(4D) Absorbed energy (J)
(MPa) (MPa) (%) -60℃ -40℃
720 791 24 121 145

Chemical composition (mass%) Diffusible hydrogen content

C Si Mn P S Ni Mo N=1 N=2 N=3 N=4 Avg.
0.06 0.48 1.87 0.008 0.010 2.37 0.09 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2
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Metal-Cored Wire for S690, MX-A80L

Butt welded joint in 50mm thick plate
1G (Flat position)
Parameters : 280A (32V)
Heat input : 1.8kJ/mm
Preheat temp. : 100℃
Interpass temp. : 100~150℃
Shielding gas : 80%Ar+20%CO2

50°

＜1st side＞

R=5 33
50
2
28
15

＜2nd side＞ 50°

60° [Unit: mm]

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Metal-Cored Wire for S690, MX-A80L

2G (Horizontal position)
Parameters : 260A (30V)
Heat input : 1.0kJ/mm
Preheat temp. : 100℃
Interpass temp. : 100~150℃
Shielding gas : 80%Ar+20%CO2

2 15
33

50° 60°

50°
R=5

28

＜1st side＞ 50 ＜2nd side＞

[Unit: mm]
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Metal-Cored Wire for S690, MX-A80L

900 ◆ 0.2%OS 180 ◆ Temp.= -60℃

■ TS ■ Temp.= -40℃

Absorbed energy (J)

870 150
Strength (MPa)

840
810 120
780 90
750 60
720
690 30
660 0
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Heat input (kJ/mm) Heat input (kJ/mm)

0.2%OS and TS Absorbed energy in impact test

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Doc.No.072017-U161

Metal-Cored Wire for S690, MX-A80L

Weld cracking test 1G (Flat) 50mm thick
weld joint plate

50mm thick weld joint plate

Restraint plate of
100mm thick

2G (Horizonatal)
Restraint plate of
100mm thick

Restraint plate of 100mm thick

50mm thick
weld joint plate

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Metal-Cored Wire for S690, MX-A80L

Welding Shielding Preheat &
Parameters Heat input
position Gas interpass temp.
1G (Flat) 280A (31V) 1.7 kJ/mm ① 25℃
80%Ar
② 50℃
2G (Horizontal) 280A (31V) 1.0 kJ/mm +20%CO2
③ 75℃

100 ○ No Crack
Preheat & Interpass temp. (℃)

× Crack

75

Inspection method
50 : (Bead surface) MT
No Crack (Inside of weld metal) UT
25
Crack
0
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Heat input (kJ/mm)
Weld cracking test result 31

Doc.No.072017-U161

Target of weld parameters for S690 welding consumables

(preheat & interpass temp.)

SMAW LB-80L (100~200℃)

GMAW MG-82 (75~200℃)

FCAW DW-A80L (100~200℃)

MCW MX-A80L (100~200℃)

PF-H80AS/US-80LT
SAW (100~200℃)
PF-H80AK/US-80LT
0 1 2 3 4 5
Heat input (kJ/mm)
On the condition of
・weld metal mechanical properties TS≧770MPa, vE-20℃≧69J
・30~50mm thick plate weld joint
For heavy thick joint post-heating of approx.200~250℃ is recommended.

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Doc.No.072017-U161

CONTENTS

• Introduction of Welding Business, KOBE STEEL LTD.

& KOBELCO WELDING ASIA PACIFIC(KWAP)

• Application of High Strength Steel in Steel Structure

• High Efficiency Welding Process

• Tips of Welding of High Strength Steels

• Welding Consumables for S460,S500 & S690 grade

- Product range
- High light: FCW & MCW for S690 grade
• Summary
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Doc.No.072017-U161

Summary

• Expanding to apply high strength steels for the needs for larger
structures, due to advantages as decreasing plate thickness, reducing
components weight and increasing allowable stress.

• However welding procedure needs to be much more strictly controlled

compared to the welding of soft material, due to its narrow range to
keep weld metal mechanical properties and cold crack resistance.

• KOBELCO can offer almost all welding consumables for high strength
steels, with local technical support. Each welding consumable have
different recommended welding parameter (the range of heat input,
temperature control etc.), please contact us if any technical inquiry so
that we can support to offer right welding parameters.

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Thank You For your Kind Attention

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