Mass Events

Nokia Networks
Nokia Solutions for

Mass Events
Nokia Portfolio Description Paper

Nokia Solutions for Mass Events
Contents
Introduction 3
Traffic Profiles in Mass Events 4
LTE Requirements 5
Cell Grid Densification 7
Small Cells 8
HSPA+ Enhancements for mass events 10
Smart Wi-Fi Capacity 14
Summary 15
Innovation is happening right now at Nokia

Many of the innovations from previous years described in this document are still relevant today and have been developed to support the
optimization of mobile broadband networks and services.
Looking ahead, Nokia will continue to focus on innovation and we will be updating this document to reflect the latest developments.
Page 2 networks.nokia.com
Introduction
The popularity of smartphones creates a huge requirement for
network capacity at mass events in stadiums housing up to 100,000
people or across larger outdoor events with up to a million or more
participants. These large crowds of people use smartphones to share
high definition pictures and video clips, and download vast amounts
of information. This creates unusual traffic profiles, with higher uplink
traffic and more frequent packet transmission.
Planning for these events must consider the uplink capacity and
control plane dimensioning. Network RF planning in large open areas
creates further challenges in the form of inter-cell interference.
At the Korean Busan Fireworks festival in 2014, for example, over
552 GB of downlink and 338 GB of uplink traffic data was transmitted
over the Nokia Networks mobile broadband network during the peak
hour, reaching a density of 570 users per cell and achieving data and
voice call success rates of over 99.4%. This was the third consecutive
year that an operator running on Nokia’s mobile network delivered
best performance with the highest throughputs at this mass event,
which attracts 1.5 million people to a 1.2 km beach front every year.
Recently, Nokia Networks has patented several innovations for
stadiums, achieving average uplink throughput gains of 150% to
250% compared to traditional networks.
Fig. 1. E
xample mass events
Best LTE network quality in Korea (autumn 2014)
Superior performance and stability even under highest load
Performance during event peak hour

RRC set up success rate 99.48 %
VoLTE success rate 99.4 %
Downlink data volume 522 GB
Uplink data volume 338 GB
Highest LTE user density Active users/cell (max) 570 UEs/cell
>  1.5M people on 1.2 km beachfront >  Inter-frequency load balancing works
>  Korea’s second largest city >  Real time monitoring with Nokia Traffica
75% >  Network preparation and event execution with Nokia
50% professional services
25% LTE subscribers/capita
LTE subscribers/capita Korea
Korea Nokia LTE performs
0%
3Q2012 3Q2013 3Q2014 under the highest loads
1 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014
Fig. 2. A t the Korean Busan Fireworks festival in 2014, over 552 GB of downlink and
<Change information classification in footer>
338 GB of uplink traffic data went over the Nokia Networks mobile broadband
Core and background colors:
network during the peak hour

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Traffic Profiles in Mass Events

Traffic profiles in mobile networks are typically dominated by the
downlink traffic, which can be up to ten times greater than uplink
traffic volumes. Downlink traffic is generated mainly by streaming
traffic from smartphones, laptops and tablets.
However, during mass events, the traffic profile can be radically
different.
High volumes of uplink data traffic are created by users sharing
pictures and video clips from the event, for example on their Facebook
account. The uplink can even experience more traffic than the
downlink. Streaming is rarely used at mass events unless there are
venue specific services, such as a replay video service to show goals or
touchdowns. Figure 3 shows this potential asymmetry.
To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the “FORM“
Mass Events are Uplink Limited – Physical Resource Block (PRB) Usage
Average UL PRB use rate hits 100% @ Peak Hour while DL remains at 30%
Uplink
100
PRB usage
80
60
UL peak hour:
40
20
100% PRB use rate
0
60 mins
Downlink
100
PRB usage
80
60 DL peak hour:
40
30% PRB use rate
20
0
PRB = transmission bandwidth
1
60 mins
02/02/2015 © Nokia 2014
Confidential
Fig. 3. U
plink vs. Downlink traffic share during a mass-event peak hour
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LTE Requirements
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is inherently well suited for bursty
transmission of small packets generated by smartphones. Extreme
conditions such as hot spots and mass events challenge the
processing capacity of the control plane, as well as stretching Random
Access Channel (RACH) capacity and increasing inter-cell interference.
Figure 4 shows an example live network with highly loaded LTE base
stations. The network experiences over two million Radio Resource
Control (RRC) setup attempts per hour over 502 cells, which is
300% more than on a normal day. The RRC completion success rate
remained very stable over the entire event day.
10th Busan Fireworks Festival (October 2014)

Key Performance Indicators
Number of RRC Setup Atts Compl RACH stp SR LTE_1056D
RRC setup success rate
2,500,000
100
90 2,000,000
80 1,500,000
70 1,000,000
60 500,000
50 0
00:00
01:00
02:00
03:00
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23:00
Fig. 4. An example live network with highly loaded LTE base stations
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The key to network quality under extreme loads is Radio Resource
Management (RRM) algorithms, which adapt to a variety of situations
and traffic conditions while enabling an efficient trade-off between
fairness and efficiency.
RRM algorithms can be classified as single-cell and multi-cell
algorithms. In LTE, the focus has been on single-cell algorithms such
as frequency-selective scheduling with interference- and channel-
awareness, adaptive modulation and coding and uplink power control,
which optimize the behavior of individual cells instead of considering
the effects on neighboring cells. Single-cell algorithms continue to
evolve with higher-order antenna and spatial diversity schemes such
as single and multi-stream 4x4 Multiple Input Multiple output (MIMO)
and 8x8 MIMO schemes.
LTE-Advanced and beyond introduces multi-cell algorithms for
baseband coordination between different cells to optimize overall
network performance rather than that of individual cells. This shift is
illustrated in 5.
Multi-Cell Coordination
Cell Ck
LTE: Cell C3
LTE-Advanced:
Optimize B(C3;Hi) Cell Ci Optimize across
Individual Cells Cell C2
B(C2;Hi)
B(C1;Hi) Multiple Cells
C2 Cell C1
C1
Fig. 5. S
hift from single-cell RRM optimization to optimization across
multiple cells
Multi-cell coordination techniques include various forms of CoMP

(Coordinated Multi-Point transmission) such as Coordinated
Scheduling, Dynamic Point Selection and Uplink Joint Reception. Due
to strict latency requirements, baseband centralization / hoteling
is recommended to get the best performance from multi-cell
coordination algorithms. Transmission requirements are also typically
higher, often calling for dedicated dark fibers between inter-connected
baseband units and RF units connected to them.
Cell Grid Densification
For mass events, the greater the number of cells, the greater the
capacity. Yet, these larger numbers of cells result in greater cell
overlap, increasing interference and preventing the deployment of the
desired cell densities through fear of degrading performance.
A recent Nokia innovation addresses uplink interference under
extreme cell densities, a solution very suitable for fully packed
stadiums and other popular mass-event gatherings within a defined
area. The innovative Centralized RAN solution deploys inter-eNodeB
UL CoMP, complemented by patented liquid cluster algorithms which
virtualize cell boundaries. As a result, Nokia Centralized RAN allows
cell grids to be as dense as desired, while eliminating performance
penalties produced by interference. In fact, the more overlap and
interference the cells create, the higher the UL traffic gains. In parallel,
device power headroom is increased, resulting in an extended terminal
battery-life of up to 33%, a major benefit to event attendees. This
is a direct consequence of lower UE transmit power resulting from
increased distribution and use of higher modulation and coding
scheme (MCS) rates. Nokia Centralized RAN requires no special
terminal capabilities and works with all existing R8 LTE terminals. It
also runs on available Nokia macro base station gear.
Centralized RAN load tests results

Main Centralized RAN effect in a nutshell UE1
25
>  Centralized RAN promotes
+ PHR gain 1.8dB
higher MCS rates resulting in 20

UE2
Efficiency gain 153%
higher t-put @ lower UE Tx

UL MCS
power (higher UE power 15

headroom)
10
>  Centralized RAN eliminates CRAN ON
interference effects/ 5 CRAN OFF

limitations from the UE’s
0
10 20 30 40
UE power Headroom [dB]
Fig. 6. N
okia Centralized RAN gains in a live stadium environment in
1
Finland with higher MCS rate distribution and an increased UE
© Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014
power, resulting in 153% UL efficiency gains

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Due to the cell density required in mass events, cell sizes need to
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be small, leading to a micro cell environment suitable for low-power

base stations and remote radio heads. Nokia Centralized RAN deploys
low-power RRHs hosted by baseband units which are sited in the same
location, often called centralized architecture or baseband hoteling.
Nokia Centralized RAN can also be deployed to a Distributed Antenna
System (DAS) which supports 2x2 MIMO.
Small Cells
Micro and pico base stations, also known as small cells, are well suited
to meeting the need for high capacity. Although small in size, they
provide high connectivity of up to hundreds of simultaneous users.
Small cells cover both outdoor and indoor public space as well as
enterprise office buildings. Femto access points offer low capacity
and are better suited for residential use. They often lack carrier-grade
characteristics and are less suited for Heterogeneous Networks, which
call for seamless interworking with an overlaying macro layer.
Micro/Pico base stations should have the same features as macro
base stations to ensure a consistent end user performance across
different cells. This also allows network optimization and interference
mitigation between macro and small cells. Their small size and
light weight reduces site and infrastructure requirements, while
decent connectivity makes them the right choice for catering for
high capacity.
Deployed typically at street level, small cell base stations need to be
visually discrete to blend with their surroundings. Example small cell
products are illustrated in the following figures:
• Nokia Flexi Lite Base Station for WCDMA/HSPA (10L/10kg with total
output power of 10W+10W, Figure 7)
• Nokia Flexi Zone (outdoor) Micro/Pico BTS (5L/5kg/5W+5W,
Figure 8)
• Nokia Flexi Zone Indoor Pico BTS (2L/2kg, 250mW, Figure 9)
• Nokia Flexi Metro Remote Radio Head (5L/5kg with output power
of 5W+5W)
Fig. 7. N
okia Flexi Lite Base Station, high capacity WCDMA/HSPA Small
Cell base station
Fig. 8. N
okia Flexi Zone Micro/Pico BTS, high capacity LTE Small Cell
base station
Fig. 9. N
okia Flexi Zone Indoor Pico BTS
Fig. 10. Nokia Flexi Metro Remote Radio Head, low power RRH
As networks become denser, hot spots evolve into hot zones. This
requires special attention to the number of S1 and X2 interfaces as
well as signaling traffic and handover management. Nokia Flexi Zone
Controller enables smooth evolution of hot spots into hot zones,
housing a cluster of dozens of Flexi Zone small cells connected to a
local controller to achieve high capacity. The Flexi Zone Controller
serves as an aggregation point of S1 and X2 interfaces. The Fexi Zone
small cell cluster is seen as a single logical base station to the rest of
the network, reducing signaling to the core network and optimizing
handovers to the macro layer and other hot zones.
Flexi Zone Controller
> Single S1 interface to MME and SGW MME
Flexi Zone
> Single X2 to a Macro eNB from all Flexi Controller
ME
Zone APs I a cluster X2
S1
-M
> Intra Zone Inter Flexi Zone AP interfaces Z1

S-GW
S1-U
within a cluster are managed as intra-eNB X2
interfaces and are not visible outside the cluster.
X2
> X2 interface between neighbor Flexi Zone Flexi Zone AP
Cluster Y
Controller clusters
Macro
eNB
Flexi Zone AP Cluster X
Flexi Zone
Controller
Fig. 11. Flexi Zone Controller serves as an aggregation point of S1 and

X2 interfaces
HSPA+ Enhancements for mass events

HSPA+ is the most widespread mobile broadband technology, offering
attractive end user data rates, high spectral efficiency for data
and good voice capacity. As HSPA+ continues to serve the largest
subscriber segments over the coming years, mass events will need
to cater for high HSPA traffic, with special attention being paid to
reducing interference and increasing uplink capacity.
For the New Year’s celebration in 2013, Nokia helped a network
covering a busy Asian city center to improve its performance. With
400,000 people gathered in a 1.2 km2 area, 150 3G cells served
130, 000 HSPA users.
Performance during the peak hour of the event 30.5%* higher Voice Traffic
DL Data Volume 27.9 GB

UL Data Volume 16.2 GB
Voice Traffic 306 Erl 32.7%* higher DL Data
Traffic
Cell Availability 100%
Call Setup Success Rate 98.6%
3500%* higher UL Data
Despite higher traffic, better KPI than in 2012 New Traffic
Year’s Eve with another vendor’s equipment
* Compared to NYE 2012

Fig. 12. For New Year 2013, Nokia helped a network covering a busy
Asian city center to improve its performance.
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Among the features implemented by Nokia Professional Services
were Mass Event Handler, Voice Call Prioritization, Multi-band Load
Balancing and HSUPA with higher data rates to allow more uplink
traffic. Achievements included 100% cell availability and positive Key
Performance Indicators, despite the high traffic load.
Reducing interference and improving uplink performance
The greatest source of uplink interference is intra-cell high throughput
HSUPA users. During an event, HSPA+ performance can be limited by
interference from RACH and from Dedicated Physical Control Channel
(DPCCH) in both the uplink and downlink. The transmission time of the
user data is just a few milliseconds for small packet sizes, while DPCCH
runs for a few seconds.
In very high traffic conditions, the Nokia Mass Event Handler (MEH)
feature ensures efficient network operation, automatically tuning
parameters for cell load control and reducing uplink interference.
MEH has been successfully implemented in many world class mass
events, resulting in excellent cell availability through its ability to adapt
immediately to changes in traffic.
During mass events, HSPA Interference Cancellation allows more
capacity and improved quality. Typically, 2ms TTI HSUPA users require
a relatively high received power at the base station receiver, resulting
in high interference to other users. The Nokia HSUPA Interference
Cancellation feature efficiently protects voice calls, R99 data and
HSUPA 10ms TTI from this interference. The Enhanced HSUPA feature
also cancels cross-interference between HSUPA 2ms TTI users.
More users can be served up to the same effective noise rise after
interference cancellation.
This results in a capacity gain of approximately 60%, allowing 30%
more HUSPA users per cell to be served.
Traffic in smartphone networks in general and particularly during mass
events, is dominated by small to medium sized data packets.
Transmission of a medium sized packet in HSPA network
High Speed Cell FACH enables Fig. 13. T

ransmission of a medium
more efficient utilization of air
interface and allows up to 10
sized packet in HSPA
times more subscribers per cell network
compared to release 6 in cases
where the traffic is dominated
by small packets.
Ref: “HSPA+ Evolution to

Release 12: Performance and
Optimization” by Wiley, Chapter 4
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Using advanced features, the transmission of these packets can
be optimized and air interface capacity used more efficiently.
Traditionally, when transmitting data for just a few milliseconds,
devices stay in the Cell_DCH stage for several seconds to send control
information. The Nokia Continuous Packet Connectivity feature stops
this transmission after the user data is sent, allowing up to five times
more subscribers to be served by the cell.
High Speed Cell FACH brings further improvements. It allows the
handling of small and medium sized data packets on common shared
high speed FACH channels, freeing additional capacity for users on
HSPA channels where the actual data is transmitted.
Nokia Networks’ live network test demonstrated 80% reduced
signaling, 65% faster response time, up to 40% power savings in
the 3G cellular modems* (contributing to longer battery life) and
20% faster browsing. (See “Enhanced Cell FACH increases operator
revenue-generating potential” white paper with live network
measurement results.)
With 4-way Receive (Rx) diversity, uplink gains are enhanced still
further. In this method, four receive paths of the BTS receive the same
signal separately and combine them into a single, stronger signal. This
can achieve a typical diversity gain of 3dB, allowing mobile devices
to transmit 3dB less power, improving cell capacity by reducing
interference.
Dual Cell HSDPA is fairly common in today’s HSPA+ networks. In a
similar way, Dual-Cell HSUPA combines two 5 MHz carriers in uplink
and in concert with QPSK, enables peak rates up to 11.5 Mbps. The
benefit is fast load balancing between two carriers and increased
throughput.
In summary, the benefits of features to address uplink capacity and
interference are:
• Mass Event Handler: improved subscriber access to services during
mass events via dynamic adjustment of cell level parameters
• Voice Call Prioritization: smooth voice service during high load
• Continuous Packet Connectivity: more HSUPA users allowed in the
cell due to discontinuous DPCCH transmission.
• 4RX diversity: reduced interference and higher capacity due
to signal reception over receive paths, 3dB lower terminal
transmission power
• Enhanced HSUPA interference cancellation: Up to 60% HSUPA
throughput gain for high bit rate HSUPA users, achieved by
cancelling cross-interference between high bit rate HSUPA (2ms TTI)
users. Capacity gain: FDE 20%, PIC 60% with 30% more users
per cell.
“The Voice Call Prioritization in High Load Traffic functionality has
been piloted and subsequently mass deployed to the whole network
where it was found to be very beneficial for reducing blocking of
voice traffic during periods of high downlink load. Benefits are seen
in both the high-traffic and mass-event situations.
Only a small increase in data blocking resulted and this was
acceptable given the voice improvement.”
John Button, Radio Performance Design Manager
Telefónica UK Limited
• Dual Cell HSUPA boosts uplink to 11.5 Mbps (up to 100% data rate
gain) combining two contiguous 5 MHz carriers in uplink
• Dynamic HSUPA BLER- Cell throughput up by 30% - Higher user
and cell throughput in the uplink due to lower interference from
other users
0.5 KB packet size 1 KB packet size
CPC 5x 4x
HS-RACH 5x 4x
4RX 2x 2x
Interference 1.5x 1.5x

Cancellation
Total 75x 50x
Fig. 14. Increased Uplink capacity when using Nokia Networks’ solution
for minimizing uplink interference
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Combining these features yields a huge improvement in uplink

capacity for the transmission of small packets. Figure 14 shows that
the capacity can be enhanced by 50 to 75 times.
The main solutions used to minimize downlink interference are:
• Fractional DPCH (F-DPCH) which removes the need for any Release
99 channel, avoiding downlink DPCCH
• Mass Event Handler (MEH) which allows more power to be used for
Release 99 channels as required, avoiding repetitive attempts and
rejections for Release 99 high priority services such as voice.
Operator A Voice and Data Overall Call Success
Operator Operator
A Voice
Operator Aa Vnd aA O
Data
oice VDoice
nd
Rate aOnd
verall
ata
(OCSR) Data
Cverall
all O verall
Sinuccess
Cthe
all Call
Rate
SEvent RSate
uccess
(OCSR)
uccess
Park in tRhe
(OCSR) ate
O (OCSR)
in lympic Pin
the POark
ark
the Olympic lympic Park
Olympic Olympic
Start Start Event Startduring during
Olympic Start the Olympicsduring
the the
Olympics O lympics
Event End Olympic End
Olympic
E nd Olympic
End
00% 99.00% 99.00% 200000 200000 200000
>  Operator A performance
50% 98.50% 98.50% 180000 180000 180000 levels maintained
throughout the world class
00% 98.00% 98.00% 160000 160000 160000 sports event in the UK
50% 97.50% 97.50% 140000 140000 140000>  Voice performance close to

already high ‘normal’
% Overall Call Sucees Rate
% Overall Call Sucees Rate
SMS Volumes
97.00% 120000
SMS Volumes
SMS Volumes
00% 97.00% 120000 120000 operational levels
50% 96.50% 96.50% 100000 100000 100000>  Data performance better
than ‘normal’ operational
00% 96.00% 96.00% 80000 80000 80000 levels
SMSs
50% 95.50% 95.50% 60000 60000SMSs 60000
SMSs
00% 95.00% 95.00% 40000 40000

40000Voice OCSR
Voice OCSR Voice OCSR
50% 94.50% 94.50% 20000 20000 20000
Data OCSRData OCSR Data OCSR
00% 94.00% 94.00% 0 0 0
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Av Ntw
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Av Ntw Av Ntw
Voice OCSR Voice OCSR Voice OCSR
Av Ntw Data Av Ntw Data
Av Ntw Data
Date Date Date OCSR OCSR OCSR

Fig. 15. Nokia Networks secures flawless performance during a world
class sports event in UK, summer 2012
Excellent mobile service was maintained throughout the event R 18

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including during the main ceremonies with significantly higher traffic

and with better KPIs. Nokia Networks advanced RAN features such as
MBLB (Multi Band Load Balancing) and Mass Event Handler allowed
management of the traffic across different bands and fast adaptation
to load conditions.
Smart Wi-Fi Capacity

Wi-Fi is used increasingly as a cost-effective means off-loading traffic
from conventional mobile networks. A n standard feature in nearly
all smartphones and tablets, it allows mass event organizers to use
unlicensed spectrum to improve the user-experience as well as offer
venue-specific applications.
The overwhelming number of users and business critical applications,
like ticketing, can introduce a significant stress on the available Wi-Fi
network, requiring careful Wi-Fi network planning. Use of the 5 GHz
band provides wider frequency spectrum and more bandwidth, as
well as a higher number of available channels, allowing more Access
Points (APs) to be deployed to meet the capacity demand without
causing interference. The 2.4 GHz band will also need to be supported
and because the band has three non-overlapping channels (1, 6, 11),
reusing those channels is the primary alternative.
As most devices at a mass event are smartphones supporting 3G/
LTE and Wi-Fi access, the use of all available networks should be
considered in order to achieve the best overall experience.
The recently launched Nokia Smart Wi-Fi is an end-to-end solution
for building, optimizing and controlling Wi-Fi networks. The solution
integrates mobile and Wi-Fi networks to give a seamless experience
by supporting 3G-like usability and security for Wi-Fi access and
harmonizing traffic handling across mobile and Wi-Fi networks.In
addition, Smart Wi-Fi balances traffic across available mobile and
Wi-Fi networks by controlling when and where user devices use these
networks, based on the operator’s business strategy.
Nokia Smart WiFi Solution
Faster data speeds
By 2016 over 90% of How to manage 60-70% of traffic 3G-like Wi-Fi usability
wireless traffic will be user experience & estimated indoors * and security
data ** network utilization
High performance indoor
connections
Increased customer
Solution satisfaction
Control user experience

over Wi-Fi access
Mobile core
Operator
Services
Retain position in traffic
value chain
internet
InternetS Harmonized traffic
* ABI Research
ervices handling with unified core
** Analysys Mason for mobile and Wi-Fi
Fig. 16. Nokia Smart Wi-Fi solution turns Wi-Fi networks into seamless
extensions of the mobile network
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Summary
Mass events place high demands on mobile networks: a large number
of users in a small area, the dominance of uplink traffic and the high
frequency of transmitted small packets combined with challenging RF
planning. Performance under such conditions calls for a dense grid of
cells. The greater the number of cells, the better the capacity. Multi-
cell coordination algorithms are required to ensure that neighbouring
cells have minimum effect on each other.
Nokia Networks radio networks have achieved excellent performance
in mass events. The innovative Centralized RAN solution deploys inter–
eNodeB Uplink CoMP functionality with Liquid Cell algorithms, which
convert neighbouring cell interference into useful traffic signals and
provide uplink gains of up to 250% on average.
Micro and pico base stations can be used to provide high capacities in
hot spots with a simple installation and can be enhanced still further
to Zone deployments as the number of small cells increases.
Additionally, cellular network capacity is complemented by Wi-Fi
offloading with the introduction of reliably high Wi-Fi RF performance,
combined with the integration of mobile and Wi-Fi networks for the
best possible user experience.
Further reading
Enhanced Cell_FACH raises operator revenue generating potential
Abbreviations
3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
CINR Carrier to Interference Noise Ratio
CPC Continuous Packet Connectivity
DAS Distributed Antenna System
DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel
eMBMS Enhanced Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services
eRAB EUTRAN Radio Access Bearers
F-DPCH Fractional DPCH
HSPA High Speed Packet Access
HS-FACH High Speed Forward Access Channel
HS-RACH High Speed RACH
IC Interference Cancellation
LTE Long Term Evolution
MEH Mass Event Handler
PRACH Physical layer Random Access Channel
PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
RACH Random Access Channel
RAN Radio Access Network
RF Radio Frequency
RRC Radio Resource Control
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
Confidential
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respective owners.
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Product code C401-01154-WP-201501-1-EN

© Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015
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Mass Events

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Mass Events

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Nokia Networks

Nokia Solutions for

Nokia Portfolio Description Paper

Innovation is happening right now at Nokia

Performance during event peak hour

network during the peak hour

Traffic Profiles in Mass Events

R 18 R0 R 104 R 168 R 216

10th Busan Fireworks Festival (October 2014)

Number of RRC Setup Atts Compl RACH stp SR LTE_1056D

RRC setup success rate

1 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014

R 18 R0 R 104 R 168 R 216

Multi-cell coordination techniques include various forms of CoMP

Centralized RAN load tests results

higher MCS rates resulting in 20

higher t-put @ lower UE Tx

power (higher UE power 15

interference eﬀects/ 5 CRAN OFF

power, resulting in 153% UL efficiency gains

R 18 R0 R 104 R 168 R 216

be small, leading to a micro cell environment suitable for low-power

> Intra Zone Inter Flexi Zone AP interfaces Z1

Fig. 11. Flexi Zone Controller serves as an aggregation point of S1 and

HSPA+ Enhancements for mass events

DL Data Volume 27.9 GB

* Compared to NYE 2012

1 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014

Core and background colors:

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Transmission of a medium sized packet in HSPA network

High Speed Cell FACH enables Fig. 13. T

Ref: “HSPA+ Evolution to

1 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014

Core and background colors:

Interference 1.5x 1.5x

Total 75x 50x

1 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014

Combining these features yields a huge improvement in uplink

50% 97.50% 97.50% 140000 140000 140000> Voice performance close to

00% 95.00% 95.00% 40000 40000

1 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014

Excellent mobile service was maintained throughout the event R 18

including during the main ceremonies with significantly higher traffic

Smart Wi-Fi Capacity

Nokia Smart WiFi Solution

Faster data speeds

Control user experience

1 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014

R 18 R0 R 104 R 168 R 216

Product code C401-01154-WP-201501-1-EN

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Fig. 11. Flexi Zone Controller serves as an aggregation point of S1 and

50% 97.50% 97.50% 140000 140000 140000>  Voice performance close to