PARAMETERS AND HUMAN

MOTION MEASURING SYSTEM

VARIABLES
 FORCE
Kinetics
 MOMENT
 TIME (t)
 DISPLACEMENT
 Linear
 Angular
 VELOCITY
 Linear Kinematics
 Angular
 ACCELERATION
 Linear
 Angular
MOTION
 DEFINITION
 a natural event that involves a change in
the position or location of something
Motion Concept
 Process
 Period involved
 Maximum rate of 3 x 10 m/s (light speed)

 Reference
 Origin
 Point/Axis

 Displacement
 Location
 orientation
Factors Leading to Motion
 Force
 Pushing
 Pulling
 Orientation

 Moment

Example: A Bicycle rider going down a slope is accelerating because:

(i) gravity
(ii) Propulsive
(iii) Friction
Analysis
 Time
 Kinetics
 Force
 Moment
 Kinematics
 Linear
 Angular
 Normal & Amputee left rectus femoris EMG
0.5

0.4

0.3

Volts
0.2

0.1

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percent Time
left rfem emg of a normal subject
left rfem emg of an amputee subject

The –2 mm PTB socket after stress 30

analysis of 100 kPa at the PT bar.

20
meters /sec

10

0
0 0.5 1.0 1.5
Time (sec)
Sepak Kuda, 3D Ball Linear Velocities
MOTION MEASURING SYSTEM

(MMS)
VALUE OF MMS
(1) Cost
 Equipment
 Hardware
 Software
 Staff
 Training
 Salary

(2) Characteristics
 Abstract
 Availability
 Transportability
 Cont….
(3) Test
 Speed  Results
Diagnosis
 Patients 

 Treatment
 Comfort
 Evaluation
 Acceptance
 Coverage  Reliability
 Data
 Processing
 Accuracy
TYPES OF MMS
(From The Point of Imaging)

 Analyser (Full Biomechanical Analysis System)

 9 Parameters
 Complex
 Expensive
 Accurate

 Evaluator (Movement Evaluation System)

 Less expensive
 Easy operation
Analyser
(Full Biomechanical Analysis System)

 Cameras
 Types
 Video
 Infrared
 Number
 More than 3 cameras
 Speed
 Minimum 50 Hz (fps)
 High-speed (up to 2000 fps)
Cont…
 Brands
 Infrared
 VICONPEAK
 ARIEL PERFORMANCE
 ELITE
 MOTION ANALYSIS CAPTURE
 ORTHO TRAK
 MACREFLEX
 Video
 VICONPEAK
 ARIEL PERFORMANCE
 SP2000

 Markers
 Passive
 Active
Evaluator
(Movement Evaluation System)
 Visual*
 Timing
 Displacement
 Acceleration
 Transducer
 Muscle

* Except Visual, all others are not an imaging category

Cont…
 Visual
 Naked eye
 Real-time
 One-off
 Unaccurate

 Timing
 Watch
 Stopwatch
 Trigger
 Wrist watch
Cont…
 Displacement
 Linear
 Ruler
 Measuring tape
 Angular
 Goniometer

 Acceleration
 Meter
Cont…
 Transducer
 Force
 Platform or plat
 Moment

 Muscle
 Electromiography
 Electrod
 Those equipment will be covered in
detail in the next topic.