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MRP
By Kanti Kumar
Experts agree that you get the most from your ERP software
when users become accepting, comfortable, and proficient
performing the new business processes the software
supports. In other words, much of the success of a multi-
million dollar ERP implementation depends on the
people using the system for day-to-day work.
First we focus on Production Plan. We receive Schedules from our Customers as:
Schedule from Maruti for July 2nd For Night OE & Spare Schedule Both Plant (Manesar & Gurgaon)
RTM and Paint Shop for Unit 1 and Unit 2 Production plan prepared by Mr. Uday. Mr. Uday will fill
Production plan in these sheets. Mr. R.K. Gupta should help for preparation Production Plan for
Unit 2 for RTM products.
TCM Production Plan for Unit 1 and Unit 2 will be prepared by Mr. Satybir. Mr. Satybir will fill
Production plan in these sheets. Mr. R.K. Gupta should help for preparation Production Plan for
Unit 2 for RTM products.
PIM Production Plan for Unit 1 will be prepared by Mr. Satybir. Mr. Satybir will fill Production plan
in this sheet:
We are running our PIM machines only on Electricity so daily planning is not possible for PIM
department. We are taking monthly planning from PIM.
2. Open Purchase Requisition: When we will run MRP open Purchase Requisition will be closed
automatically. Manually created Open Purchase Requisition will be closed with this. We will close
Open Purchase requisition on both NTF Unit 1 and Unit 2.
Tcode: ZPR_DELETE
TCODE: ZOPENSHL
This is the list of open Schedule Lines. We should close these Schedule Lines in SAP System. These
Schedule Lines should not appear. These Schedule Lines are the vendor Schedules and we should
receive these materials in last month but not received and schedule lines are pending.
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Delete
Qty.
5. Open Production Orders: We should close open production orders. For getting open
production orders
TCODE: COOIS
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Take the list of Open production orders. Open production order for (TECO) closing.
TCODE: CO02
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TCODE: COHV
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Select layout as Standard Layout and press Select All tab right side on order screen.
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Select Technical Complete and press copy button then press execute button.
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All Open Planned Orders from NTF Unit 1 and NTF Unit 2 should delete from the SAP System.
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Press to for run this utility. It will show this type of results.
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Press to for run this utility. It will show this type of results
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Press to for run this utility. It will show this type of results
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TCODE: MC84
NTFUNIT1: For enter production planning for NTF Unit 1
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TCODE: MC85
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For NTFUNIT2 (Neemrana Plant) product Group these are the members:
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For Add or change the Materials in product Group Members we will use this tcode.
TCODE: MC86
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Now Press save button for save material in product group member list.
Other Fields Data Selection for delete and enter production Plan:
Please check all marked fields according to document. Enter planning horizon date
according you production plan.
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Capacity Availability
Planning Run MD02 MD4C
Check
Transfer into
Operative Single Item Multi Level Multi Items
Planning
Finite Scheduling
Online Background
CO40 or MD04
Convert Planned Order into Production Order > Enter Pld Order no
>OK
> Save
> Prod order no generated
If such a change has taken place, the entry in the planning file is performed automatically. We
need not do anything as everything is done automatically but to check planning file the TCODE is
MZD21.
For this type of ne change planning, only materials that change relecant to MRP in the period are
planned in the planning run.
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First Select “Proceed without stopping” radio button and then Press
Continue Tab
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Planned orders are created for items that are not available on date. For in-house production
dependent requirements we get planned orders and for external procurements items we get
either planned order or purchase requisitions depending upon the time availability of converting
planned orders to purchase requisitions in opening period.
The MRP controller will check the planning result and make changes if required in dates and
quantities.
The system carries out the following processes in the planning run:
1) The system checks the planning file. During this process, the system checks whether a material
is to be planned due to a change relevant to MRP, and how to proceed if there are already existing
procurement proposals.
2) The system calculates net requirements for every material. For this calculation, the system
checks whether the requirements are covered by the warehouse stock and dispatched receipts
from Purchasing or Production. If the requirements cannot be covered, the system creates a
procurement proposal.
3) The system calculates procurement quantities. When doing this, the system takes into account
the selected lot-sizing procedure and, if necessary, scrap and rounding values.
4) The system carries out the scheduling in order to calculate the start and finish dates for the
procurement proposals.
5) The system determines the type of procurement proposal. Dependent upon the defined setting,
planned orders, purchase requisitions or delivery schedules are created by the system for a
material.
6) For every procurement proposal of an assembly, the system explodes the BOM and determines
the dependent requirements.
7) During the planning run, the system recognizes critical situations that have to be assessed
manually in the planning result by the work scheduler. The system creates exception messages
and, if necessary, checks rescheduling.
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TCODE: MD04
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We should enter correct Master data in SAP system. This is to inform you all who are
creating new Material Master Data, Routing or BOM (with similar components and
work centers), are not adapting standard procedures. After creating Material in
Material Master, problem occurs at the time of production order creation or
material consumption or report generation.
The easiest and simplest way to create a Material Master data is to copy from the
old material or routing or BOM and edit wherever necessary so that chances of
committing errors can be reduced. So I am requesting you all who are responsible
for master data creation, let us not invent the wheel again.
Use Simplest way to create a Material in Material Master Data is to copy from the
old materials.
Some views are very important for run MRP. Please check these views:
MRP1
MRP2
MRP3
MRP4
Accounting
Costing
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MRP 2 View
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MRP 4 View
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V: Moving price
for Raw Materials
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Please check
Unit of
measure/EANs
in Purchasing
View ->
Additional
Data Tab.
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Issue Storage Location: In the case of a material produced in-house, this is the key of the storage
location that is copied to the planned order or production order.
The production scheduler determines how capacity requirements are calculated for a material
during a scheduling run.
Specify that certain business transactions are carried out in parallel in a production order /
process order (you can, for example, create and release an order at the same time, or release
an order and print the shop papers)
Serial No Profile: The data grouped under a four-digit identification code that defines the
conditions and operations for assigning serial numbers for serialized materials.
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The batches must be entered in the order before the goods issue is posted, but not necessarily
before the order is released
Set up and tear down time: Specifies the number of workdays needed to set up and tear down the
various work centers where the material is processed. This value is the total of the setup and
teardown times.
Processing time: Specifies the time needed to process the material in the operations at the
different work centers.
Base quantity: Quantity to which the in house production time and the processing time of the
material relate.
When we maintain values for lot size dependent in-house production time in days we have to
carefully enter the values because it should be always equal or greater than the timings from
routings, otherwise the system will reduce the operation timings even though our intension is not
that.
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Production version is the combination of BOM’s and Routings and should be maintained in the
material master under the following conditions. Mainly this PV is used in the finished goods
material master.
Consider GYPSY HARD TOP for example. There are two versions of hard top we make for GYPSY,
they are Milky white and Olive Green with the same item code for ex.93610m83F00-26U.
When we create production order without creating PV, system will select Alternate BOM 1 and
Routing Group 1 for this item. Since we have two different BOM’s for this item (two colors) we
should have an option to choose one that we manufacture and here it is not possible. Also while
planning material procurement it is difficult to plan for Alternate BOM 2 materials. So PV is must
in such case.
When there is a difference of operation times for two different items of same item code, it is
difficult to select which process we adopt to manufacture the item or if there more than one
process available to make an item ( such as alternate routing) it is only possible with PV.
Here is a demo to create the PV in material master for item 93610M83F00-26U
Create different BOM’s for 93610M83F00-26U, such as alt BOM1 and alt BOM2.
Create different routings for 93610M83F00-26U (if required).
Now in the material master MRP 4 View click on PV
Here we need to create version as 0001, 0002 and so on along with validity
Here I am creating version 0003 as test 1 and click on details and the following screen appears. Fill
the details such as lot size, valid from and to date, task list type and alternate BOM as under
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If both task list and BOM exists check status will become green as under
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Select 2 0r 3 in BOM selection method. This is how we have to maintain PV for different items with
same item code. As there is a need to maintain PV I am providing this document to all the users
who create the material master.
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T-code: CA01
Pic. Shows the initial screen of creation of routings and the T-code is CA01.
We have to enter the material code for which we are going to create routing in the Material field.
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Enter the status as 4 which indicate this routing or task list is released (general).
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The operational increment is 10 by default. Enter the work center assigned to the operation, in
work center field. Enter the control key in the field CO. The control key determines which business
transactions should be executed for the object that belongs to the task list or order. The business
transactions are whether the operations are included in scheduling. Costing automatic goods
receipt, mile stone conformation etc.
Enter the Standard values (for ex. setup, labor etc).The standard values are planned values for
executing an operation. Standard values are used in costing, scheduling, and capacity planning to
calculate costs, execution times, and capacity requirements.
The setup operation is not depended upon the quantity but all other operations are depended
upon the operation quantity.
Ex.
Set up time =45min (die change).There we don’t enter any machine or labor time.
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In the Assembly work center where there is only labor involves enter labor time.
These timings are called standard values and used in calculation of capacities, scheduling and
costing functions.
Component allocations:
1) Click on component allocations and select materials and click on new assignment. In the
operation details all the operations are displayed. Select and assign materials to operations and
save.
If we have similar routings for several materials we can copy the routings .The procedure is
described below.
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Enter the material to which the routing is to be created and click on copy from and selct routing
from the pop up screen. We get the below screen.
Fill up the material name from which we want to copy the routings and click on copy and we get
the operations copied. We can edit for changes.
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The work center has an available capacity. Work centers can be:
Machines
People
Production lines
We have to enter the plant and name of the work center and work center category.
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Person responsible: the person who is responsible for that work center.
Usage: Key to control in which type of Routings we use work centers. Here it is 009=all task list
types.
Standard value key: Key defining and giving a dimension (for example, time or area) to one of up
to six standard values.
We use the parameter ID to determine the key word for a standard value, such as setup, machine
or labor. We assign values to the standard values in the task list.
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Control key: Determines which business transactions should be executed for the object that
belongs to the routing or order.
We have discussed about control key in routing, but if we tick in Ref.ID this is copied for an
operation otherwise what is given in routing or task list is considered.
No. of time tickets: Number of time tickets to be printed for an operation. This entry is only taken
into account if time tickets are to be printed according to the operation control key. The value
from the work center is the default in the routing.
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In capacities screen we have to enter the formulas for setup requirements, processing
requirements and other requirements if necessary. The formulas you can find by using drop down
menu .The capacity category we have to enter if it is the machine category or labor category. A
machine can have labor capacity, (crew working on that machine)can be entered as additional
capacity in the same view. We need to enter data in another screen for capacities.
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Active version: The active version of available capacity is used as a basis for scheduling. The
different versions allow you to maintain several available capacities at the same time.
Standard available capacity: We have to define the available capacity(start time, finish time ,length
of breaks and no. of individual capacities).By entering these values we get standard available
capacity.
Planning details: We define whether the work center capacities are relevant to finite scheduling,
can be used by several operations and for long term planning.
Scheduling
In the capacity category we enter the main category of the work center.
Capacities in scheduling:
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We have to assign the activity types and the relevant formulas for costing purpose.
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A type of routing that comprises of a series of operations that recur frequently. It is used to create
a routing.
A reference operation set has the same structure as a routing. We cannot assign a material to be
produced to a reference operation set.
Group: Here we can assign numeric key if it is required to combine several task lists. Otherwise
system will assign internal number automatically.
Click on header icon. System will display header for reference operation set.
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Group counter: This key and the task list group uniquely identify a routing. By default it is 1.
We need to fill the task list description.
Usage: Enter 1 for production.
Status: Enter 4 for released (general).
Enter the lot size if it is required and enter the unit of measure.
After entering data in above fields click operations. The operations screen is similar as routing
operations screen.
After entering values in operations screen save the reference operation set. The message will be
displayed as below.
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When an operation is confirmed, in this case the user decides whether the function is
triggered.
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We have to enter
Trigger point usage: Grouping (standard) trigger points by their usage can have the following
advantages: It becomes easier to locate similar trigger points
When you enter a usage, the system lists all standard trigger points that have the same usage. It
can display the type of function behind the trigger point.
We have click on the usage whether it is for triggering functions or used as release stop indicator
and also the function which is to be activated. In the pic. Trig point functions checkbox is ticked. It
means when the trigger point is activated and creates order with reference.
Enter the system status and click on the status change triggering function.
Activate once indicator: Use this indicator to specify that the milestone function can only be
triggered once.
Put the cursor on create order with reference and click on parameters. You can find the below
screen
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We need to enter the system status, and status change as ‘+’,execute once indicator, group as well
as group counter and order type as ‘Zp01’.(or any other rework order type).
So when any order is partially confirmed the trigger point automatically triggers rework order or
reference operation set depends on the setting what we have entered.
If it triggers rework order the internal number assignment is done (the immediate no. of main
production order is created with order type ZP01).We have to manually confirm the rework
production order and goods movements and settlement is done for this to main production order.
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Press enter.
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Plant =7777
Location=0001
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TCODE: ZOPENSHL
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TCODE: MD04
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Or
User can convert PartConvProdOrder
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TCODE: CO01
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Order is confirmed with 145 Nos , rework of 33 nos and rejection or scrap of 22 nos as shown in
below screen and reason for variance in order quantity is also entered. Save confirmation.
TCODE: MB31
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System show the screen below as deficit of order quantity 55 nos, ignore this message.
After rework you can GR ( no conformation again) the quantity as shown below.
Suzzest zero lines indicator as shown. Enter the rework order qty as 33 in the units of entry and
save the order.
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The material in the Scrap store is scrapped by using 551 goods movement later in mb1a as below.
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If you have created a Production orders and some change in BOM required.
Engineering Department change in BOM and that change material are not
effective in old production orders. This process will update BOM material in
production orders after change in BOM.
TCODE-CO02
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Click on check box “New BOM” and enter today’s date for explosion new/change
BOM in production order.
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TCODE Description
MM03 Display Material
MMBE Stock Overview
MM60 Material List
CS03 Display Material BOM
CS11 Explode BOM: Level by Level
CS12 Explode BOM: Multi Level BOM
CS13 Explode BOM: Summarized BOM
CR01 Create Work Center
CR02 Change Work Center
CR03 Display Work Center
CR11 Create Capacity
CR12 Change Capacity
CR13 Display Capacity
CR05 Work Center List
CA80 Work Center Where-Used
CR15 Capacity Where-Used
CR10 Work Center Change Document
CA01 Create Routing
CA02 Change Routing
CA03 Display Routing
CA12 Change Reference Operation Set
CA13 Display Reference Operation Set
MD61 Create Planned Independent Requirements
MD62 Change Planned Independent Requirements
MD63 Display Planned Independent Requirements
MD4C Multilevel Order Report
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Evaluations
MD04 Stock / Requirements List
MD07 Collective access of stock / requirements list
MD05 MRP List
MD06 Collective access of MRP lists
CO46 Order Progress
Planned Order
MD11 Create planned order
MD12 Change planned order
MD13 Display planned order
MD16 Collective access of planned orders
MD14 Individual conversion of planned order into
MD15 Collective conversion of planned orders int
MDVP Collective availability check
CO01 Production order create (With Material)
CO07 Production order create (Without Material)
CO40 Production order create (From Planned Order)
CO41 Collective convention of planned order
CO08 Production order create (For Sales Order)
COHV Mass Processing Production Orders
COMAC Collective Availability check
CO05N Release Production Orders
CO04N Print Production Orders
CO09 Availability Overwiew
MB1A Enter Goods Issue
MB31 Goods Receipt for order
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Reports
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