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Culture Documents
- M. Suresan
Writer
- Ashok - M. Veena
A: 'Faculty' is only in colleges. The correct Q: Sir, I am afraid of using the word 'being'.
sentence is: I am on the English faculty / I Please elaborate the usage of 'being' with
am a member of the English faculty / I am examples.
a member of the faculty of English. A: Being = i) Öçúøôç.
★ 'I am English faculty' - Wrong, because fac- Eg: He did not like my being there. (؈-
ulty means a group of departments of a éπ\úø Öçúøôç Åûª-EéÀ É≠ædç ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·çC).
subject (British)/ a group of lecturers ii) ´©x.
Q: Sir, I am English faculty - is this correct? teaching a particular subject (American). Eg: The day being hot (Ç ®ÓV áçúø áèπ◊\-´í¬ Öçúøôç ´©x), I did not go out.
Vocabulary
4. Impostor = One who falsely claims to be someone
else (ûª††’ ÉçéÌéπ ´uéÀhí¬ îÁ°æ¤p-èπ◊ØË -¢√-∞¡Ÿx)/ a cheat
(¢Á÷Ææ-í¬úø’).
1. Credulous = Easily believing others; gullible (Éûª-®Ω’- Eg: I did not know he was an impostor, pretending
©†’ Ææ’©-¶μºçí¬ †¢Ë’t). to be a government officer who could get me
Eg: He is credulous and can be deceived easily. a job.
Credulous × Critical/ skeptical (ņ’-´÷-EçîË) Impostor × An honest person
2. Destitute = Poor (E®Ω’Ê- °ü¿ Å®·†). 5. Rampant = Widespread / spreading uncontrolled 923
Eg: The young girl is not only an orphan but also des- (N°æ-K-ûªçí¬ v°æ•L Ö†o)
Eg: Corruption is rampant in India.
titute.
Destitute × Wealthy / affluent (Ææç°æü¿ -Ö-†o) Rampant × Controlled / limited
O’ -v°æ-¨¡o-©’ °æç-§ƒ-Lq-† -*®Ω’-Ø√-´÷...
3. Fragrant = Sweet smelling/ having an attractive -≤ÚpÈé-Ø˛ -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ, -v°æ-A-¶μº -N-¶μ«í∫ç,
smell (Ææ’¢√-Ææ† -Ö-†o).
'-≤ÚpÈé-Ø˛ -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ— §ƒ-ûª Ææç-*éπ-© éÓÆæç -îª÷-úøç-úÕ..
Ñ-Ø√--úø’ 鬮√u-©-ߪ’ç, - ®√-¢Á÷-@ °∂œ-™¸t Æœ-öÃ,
Eg: The jasmine (´’™„x) is very fragrant. -Å-Ø√-ñ ¸°æ‹®˝, ®Ωçí¬È®-úÕf ->-™«x.
Fragrant × Stinking (-´·®Ω’-í∫’-éπç-°æ¤ûÓ Ö†o) www.eenadupratibha.net Email your questions to: pratibhadesk@eenadu.net
Writer
- M. Suresan
Corruption is rampant...
- K. Bhavagna - G. Saveen - Md Jainoddin
The car finally
Q: 'A total of 282 cyber crimes were regis- Q: Sir, please explain the following. Q: Sir, please translate below words into
tered against 370 last year'. pegged out. Telugu. 1) Mission impossible,
1) Deterrence 2) Meant 3) Intent
I read this sentence in a news paper. My 4) Modalities 5) Pegging up 2) Accomplished and 3) Trinity.
doubt is "instead of against, shall we use, A: 1) Deterrence - Preventing / stopping some- A: 1) Mission = Some important task (work)
as compared to or in comparison to"- one from doing something (Åúø’° -f ú-æ ôø ç). given to a person / a person gives them-
which one is suitable for that? Please selves - some important work they want
Eg: The fear of punishment leads to deter-
explain to achieve.
rence of crimes. of concentration)
A: The correct sentence is '........ as against Eg: Gandhiji's mission was to achieve
2) Meant - The past tense of mean = Give the 4) Modalities = A way of doing something
370 last year'. This is as correct as 'as com- Hindu-Muslim unity.
pared to'. 'In comparison to' is wrong. 'In
meaning of (Å®Ωnç É´yúøç/ éπLT Öçúøôç). (üˆo-®·Ø√ E®Ωy-£œ«çîË NüμΔ†ç). ★ Mission impossible = A mission which is
Eg: His not coming to the marriage meant Eg: They have yet to think of the modali-
comparison with' is correct. not possible to achieve (Å≤ƒ-üμ¿u-¢Á’i† °æE).
that he did not like it. ties of their plan.
Q: Sir, his relationships with leaders all over 2) Achieved (≤ƒCμç-îªôç). Eg: Tenzing accom-
3) Intent = Be seriously interested in some- 5) Pegging up - No such expression. 'Peg out'
the world are 'Second to none' - Explain in plished the task of climbing Mt Everest.
thing (áèπ◊\´ ÇÆæéÀh îª÷°æúøç). is there = stop working.
Telugu. 3) A set of three (´·í∫’_®Ω’†o ïô’d).
Eg: a) He was intent on joining the IAS. Eg: The car finally pegged out (= stopped
A: á´-J-éπØ√o èπÿú≈ ûªèπ◊\´ é¬úø’/ ÅCy-B-ߪ·úø’. Eg: The Hindus believe in the trinity of
b) She had an intent look on her face (look moving).
(Åçü¿-J-éπçõ‰ íÌ°æp). Brahma, Vishnu and Maheswara.
- S. Srinidhi - R. Santosh
Ææçv°æ-üΔ-ߪ’-K-A™). has a good chance of winning. (Nï-ߪ÷-´-
Q: Sir, please clarify the following words / Eg: I call upon the students to be ready to Q: Sir, please tell me about 'subject to' (in a é¬-¨»©’ Ö†o §ÚöÃüΔ®Ω’úø’).
phrases. serve the aged people and the week. sentence). How do we use this? - Explain ★ Contestant = A person who takes part in a
1) Optional 2) Call upon 3) Conceded = a) To admit, often unwillingly, with examples and Telugu meaning also. contest (§ÚöÙ §ƒ™Ô_ØË ¢√®Ω’).
3) Conceded 4) To do so that something is true (Å®·-≠dçæ í¬ üˆo-®·Ø√ A: Subject to - -≠æ®Ω-ûª’-©èπ◊ -™ -•-úÕ. 2) Proclaim = Announce / declare (v°æéπ-öÀç-
1) Optional= Left to our choice = if we like it, Eï-´’E ä°æ¤p-éÓ-´úøç). Eg: He can go out now subject to the con- îªúøç).
we can do it, and if we don't like it we need Eg: The Government has conceded that dition that he will be back in the ★ Promulgate = Enforce as a rule (äéπ E•ç-üμ¿-
not do it (´’† áç°œéπèπ◊ ´C-™‰Æœ† / â*a¥-éπ-¢Á’i†). demonetization has caused some trou- evening. ††’ Å´’©’ °æ®Ω-îªúøç).
2) Call upon = a) Visit a person. (äéπ-JE ble to the poor. Q: Sir, please explain difference between fol- 3) An ordinance is a law that is enforced when
Ææçü¿-Jzç-îªúøç / éπ©-´úøç, ¢√∞¡x E¢√-Ææç™). b) To admit that you have been defeated. (´’† lowing the parliament is not in session, and in six
Eg: The Prime Minister and the opposition ã- ô- N- ’ ä°æ¤pé- Ó-´úøç) Eg: He conceded defeat 1) Contender and Contestant months it has to get the parliament's
leaders now and then call upon (visit) = He agreed that he had been defeated. 2) Proclaim and Promulgate approval (ÅÂÆç-H©
x ’, §ƒ®Ω¢-x Á’çö¸ Ææ´÷-¢¨-Ë »©’ ™‰†-
the President. 4) To do so = to do as someone has asked you 3) Ordinance and Draft °æ¤púø’, Åûªu´- Æ- ®-æ Ωçí¬ B- Ææ’éÌ-*- a, Å´’-©’-°J-æ îË îªôçd ).
b) To ask somebody to do something (for- to (Å™«-îË-ߪ’úøç). Eg: He told her to arrange A: 1) A contender is also a contestant, that is, ★ A draft is the text of a rule / law that is first
mally - á´-J-ØÁj-Ø√ àüÁjØ√ îËߪ’-´’E Åúø-í∫ôç– the dinner, and she agreed to do so. one who contests for something, and prepared (-´·≤ƒ®·-üΔ).
- M. Suresan
Writer
Vocabulary
develop courage and positive attitudes.
(You see the phrase "in their lives", and
I want to know why "life" is in plural
from in this sentence. Can I say "in
1. Despair = Loss of hope (E®√-¨¡í¬ Ö†o). their life"?)
Eg: They are in despair over the condition - I'm a little confused. Can you help me?
If the meaning of the above sentence is of their father (¢√∞¡x Ø√†o °æJÆœnAE
A: 1) 'A life' and 'a sun' are not correct.
"she is going to face many difficulties in
When we use life with the meaning of
í∫’Jç* ¢√∞¡Ÿx Ǩ¡ ´ü¿’-©’-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’).
future" then, is it correct to use the sentence Despair × Hope
ii) Insult (Å´-´÷-Eç-îªúøç). human life in general, we don't use any
like "She has to face a lot of difficulties in her 2. Excel = Do something extremely well / to
Eg: Duryodhana slighted the Pandavas article. 'Sun' being only one of its kind,
life"? be very good at a subject (àüÁjØ√ ¶«í¬
after they lost the game of dice. must have 'the' before it. The correct
A: She has to face ...... in her life = She is îËߪ’úøç). We have the word 'excellent' sentence is, 'Life without a friend is life
facing now and will continue to face. from the word 'excel'. Slight × Compliment (¢Á’a-éÓ-´úøç)
without the sun.'
★ She will have to face many difficulties in 4. Tangible = Something that can be touched
2) When you refer to more than one per-
future - This refers to the future. Eg: She excelled at music and her concerts / solid / real (´’†ç îËAûÓ ´·ô’d-éÓ-í∫© – Åçõ‰
son, the plural of life, 'lives' is used and
★ In the past, she had to experience a lot of drew good audience (Ç¢Á’ ÆæçUûªç ¶«í¬ ´’†ç ÆæpJzç-îª-í∫-L-TçC)
it is correct.
trouble in her life. (had to - refers to the §ƒúËC, Ç¢Á’ éπîËK©èπ◊ ï†ç áèπ◊\-´í¬ ´îËa- Tangible × Impalpable (Imperceptible - ´’†
- ª÷©- èπ◊ ÅB-û¢-ª Á’†-i N/ unreal = Å¢√-Æhæ ´- ¢- Á’†i ) Eg: The lives of great people like
past) ¢√®Ω’). ÉçvCß
Mahatma Gandhi are examples for
Q: Sir, please explain the difference between Excel × Fail (N°∂æ-©-´’-´úøç) 5. Masculine = Having manly qualities / the
us.
'Me too' and 'I too' and when do we use 3. Slight = i) Very little (Ææy-©p-¢Á’i†) characteristics of a man (°æ¤®Ω’-≠æfl-©èπ◊ Ææç•ç-
them? Eg: There is a slight increase in the price
'-≤ÚpÈé-Ø˛ -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ— §ƒ-ûª Ææç-*éπ-© éÓÆæç -îª÷-úøç-úÕ..
Cμç-*†, °æ¤®Ω’-≠æûªyç éπ-E°œç-îË).
A: Me too = I too. However, nowadays, 'me of gold. Eg: Bhima was masculine.
too' is more common than 'I too'. Slight × Large Masculine × Feminine (Æ‘Y -©éπ~-ù«-©’-†o) www.eenadupratibha.net
-Ç-C¢√®Ωç 29 -ï-†-´-J 2017 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2
-´’-üμ¿u -ûË-ú≈...?
Ü£æ«èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ °æJ-N’-ûª-¢Á’i†)
- M. Suresan
Writer
Dear, Beloved
- SaiKiran Sutari
- Sanjeev Naddunuri - K. Kameswara Rao - P. Thirupathi
Q: Sir, please explain the following in Telugu.
Q: Sir, please translate the sentence into Q: Sir, when do we use "Dear" and "Beloved"?
1. Horizons 2. Folks English. A: Dear does not express the same amount of
3. Mass 4. Heathens and nerds '-†’-´¤y é¬xÆˇ -N-†-†°æ¤p-úø’ é¬xÆˇ-™ -Ö-Ø√o -äéπ\-õ‰ é¬xÆˇ - love as beloved.
5. Better half 6. Resurgence •-ߪ’-ô -Ö-Ø√o -äéπ\-õ‰— Dear = liked or loved.
7. Resurrection 8. Restoration A: When you don't listen, your presence in the Beloved = Loved very much.
9. Surgical strike class is as good as your staying out. ★ We use 'dear' for any of our friends, rela-
A: 1) Horizon - two meanings: i) the line Q: Sir, '°æ‹®Ωgèπ◊ç-¶μºç—, 'é¬-L -¢Á’-õ„d-©-†’— English -™ tives, students, audience, etc. But we use
along which the sky and the earth's sur- à´’ç-ö«®Ω’? 'beloved' only for those who are very dear to
face appear to meet (Ç鬨¡ç ¶μº÷N’ éπ©’-Ææ’- A: No exact English word for Purnakumbham our hearts for example, wife, husband, chil-
èπ◊ØË ´©ßª’ç – D-Eo -Cé˙-îª-véπç ÅE-èπÿú≈ because the English do not have the cus- dren, etc. Q: Sir, how to identify the words like noun,
Åçö«®Ω’.) You will see this if you stand in tom. Q: Sir, could you please tell me the English verb, adverb, conjunction? - Please
a wide open field. ★ é¬-L -¢Á’-õ„d-©’ = Toe rings. This is not an accu- words of the following. explain with examples.
ii) The limit of a person's knowledge, expe- rate translation either. 1) í¬È®-©’ 2) ÆæéÀ-Ø√-©’ 3) -´·®Ω’èπ◊-©’ A: A noun is the name of a person, place,
rience or interest. (äéπ ´uéÀh Nñ«c†ç, ņ’- Q: Sir, say these in English. A: No English words for the above, as the thing or animal. It is a word/ words act-
¶μº´ç, ÇÆæéÀh °æJCμ). 1) Ææ’-Ah -´÷-ö«x-úøèπ◊/ Ææ’-Ah -îÁ-•’-ûª’-Ø√o-úø’ English people don't cook or eat them. ing as the subject of a sentence, object
Eg: She wanted to go on a foreign tour to 2) -î √-™« -üΔ®Ω’-ùç (direct / indirect) of a verb, object of a
expand / widen her horizons (Improve - Zohra Begum preposition. What a sentence talks about
3) Ææ%-≠œd -üμ¿®Ωtç
her knowledge, experience and interest). is its subject.
A: 1) Don't talk rubbish/ nonsense. Don't bore Q: Sir, can you explain the difference
2) Folks = People in general, especially people me. Examples:
between the following sentences in
of a particular group (ñ«Ø√©’/ ´·êuçí¬ äéπ
2) Very horrible Telugu. a) The teacher teaches the subject well.
3) The nature of creation/ the characteristic Here the subject of the sentence is
•%çüΔ-EéÀ îÁçC† v°æï©’).
1) My uncle had been to New York 5
3) Mass = A large number of people, affecting of creation teacher - so it is a noun.
times.
a large number of people (v°æñ« ¶«£æ›∞¡uç –
Q: Sir, is this sentence right or wrong? And 2) My uncle has been to New York 5 b) The teacher teaches science. Here 'sci-
also explain meaning of the sentence. ence' is the object of the verb 'teaches',
v°æï-©ç-ü¿®Ω÷ éπLÆœ).
times.
4) Heathens and nerds - Heathens = Non- so 'science' - the name of a subject - is
I'll give it a go. A: 1) My uncle had been to New York 5
Christians (wÈéjÆæh-´¤©’ é¬E ¢√∞¡Ÿx). a noun.
A: The sentence is correct = I will try / I will times = Sometime in the past, before
★ Nerd = i) A foolish person, especially a man
make an attempt. It should be = It must be something else happened. c) He gave his friend the book - Here
who does not know how to behave in soci- = ÅC Öçú≈L/ ï®Ω-í¬L (Çïc/ üμ¿®Ωtç/ Å´-Ææ®Ωç). 'friend' is the indirect object of 'gave' so
ety (´‚®Ω’^úø’, ´·êuçí¬ †©’-í∫’-JûÓ á™« -¢Á’©- Eg: ´÷ ´÷´’ߪ’u í∫ûªç™ †÷uߪ÷-®˝\èπ◊
'friend' is a noun.
í¬™ ûÁ-L-ߪ’E ¢√úø’). ii) An expert in a partic- - Madhavilatha Kotta
Å®·ü¿’≤ƒ®Ω’x ¢ÁRx ´î√aúø’ ÉçÍéüÓ ïJÍí
d) He threw a stone at the boy - 'boy' here
ular field, especially computers. (àüÁjØ√
´·çü¿’.
Imp: 'Had been' †’ äéπ Öçúø-ö«-EéÀ ´÷vûªç is the object of the preposition 'at', so
'boy' is a noun.
®Ωçí∫ç™ E≥ƒg-ûª’úø’, ´·êuçí¬ éπç°æ‹u-ô-®˝q™).
5) Better half = The wife of a man, or the hus-
¢√úøç.È®çúø’ Öçúø-ö«--™x -´·ç-ü¿’ -Ö-†o Öçúø-
★ A verb tells us of a) the 'being' of the sub-
band of a woman (ÅØÓu-†uçí¬ Ö†o ¶μº®Ωhèπ◊ ¶μ«®Ωu,
ö«-EéÀ ¢√úø-û√ç.
Eg: He had been to New York five times ject, or b) the action of the subject.
¶μ«®Ωuèπ◊ ¶μº®Ωh).
before he retired from his job. Eg: i) India is a vast country. Here 'is' talks
6) Resurgence = Interest in a subject that has
2) My uncle has been to New York five about the being of India, so 'is' is the
been forgotten for sometime (éÌçûª-é¬-©çí¬
times = He has visited New York five verb.
°æöÀdç--éÌE N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ ´’Sx ÇÆæéÀh °®Ωí∫-úøç).
times so far (till now) / or at a time not ii) He sings well. 'Sings' tells us of the
7) Resurrection - a) Bringing back a dead per-
Q: Sir, please translate the following sen- mentioned. (´÷ ´÷´’ߪ ’u Éçûª-´®Ωèπ◊ action of the subject, he. So 'sings' is
son to life (îªE-§Ú-®·† ´uéÀhE AJT •A-éÀç-îªôç–
tences into Telugu.
†÷uߪ÷-®˝\èπ◊ -Å-®·-ü¿’≤ƒ®Ω’x ¢ÁRx´-î√aúø’.) a verb.
´·êuçí¬ véÃÆæ’h °æ¤†®Ω’-@´b ç).
Q: How to learn construction of sentences? ★ An adverb talks of how an action is done
b) Bringing back into use something that has 1) -ØË-†’ -É°æp-öÀ -´®Ωèπ◊ -Ö-ߪ÷-u-© -Üí¬-†’/ -ØË-†’
A: Read short story books, the English by the subject.
not long been in use. (E®Ω’-°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫çí¬ °æúÕ-Ö†o Öߪ÷u-© -Ü-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√o-†’.
newspaper and listen to the news on the Eg: Sujatha sings well. Here 'well' tells us
´Ææ’h-´¤†’ ´’Sx Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫ç-™éÀ ûË´úøç). 2) -´÷ -Ø√-†oí¬®Ω’ -Å-ߪ’u°æp≤ƒy-N’- ´÷-© -¢Ë-¨»®Ω’.
TV. about how Sujatha sings, so 'well' is
8) Restoration = Bringing back something into 3) Å-ߪ’u°æp≤ƒy-N’ -´÷-©-™ -Ö-Ø√o®Ω’.
Q: Where we use Relative Pronouns? an adverb.
earlier good condition after a period of dis- A: 1) I have swung / rocked so far in a swing.
use (Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† ´Ææ’h-¢ÁjØ√ éÌçûª-é¬©ç ¢√úø- A: We have explained 'Relative Pronouns' a ★ A conjunction joins two words, two phras-
I am rocking / swinging in a swing. (ÉC number of times in the Spoken English es, or two clauses.
èπ◊çú≈ -´-C-™‰Æœ ´’Sx ¢√úøôç). °ü¿l-¢√∞¡Ÿx ÜÍí Üߪ’©.) Cradle = *†o °œ©x- page. Refer to old lessons or any good Eg: He and his friends are coming today.
9) Surgical strike = Attacking and destroying ©†’ °æúø’-éÓ-¶„öÀd ÜÊ° ûÌ-öÀd. grammar book. 'And' here joins he, his friends. So
the target without causing loss to any sur-
2) My dad has worn Ayyappa mala / He is 'and' is a conjunction. So are but, so,
rounding buildings, vehicles or general pub-
on Ayyappa deeksha.
lic (éπ-ôd-ú≈-©èπ◊, ¢√£æ«-Ø√-©èπ◊, v°æï-© -v§ƒ-ù«--©èπ◊ -à-N-üμ¿-
3) He is on an oath to go on a pilgrimage '-≤ÚpÈé-Ø˛ -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ— §ƒ-ûª Ææç-*éπ-© éÓÆæç -îª÷-úøç-úÕ.. etc.
Any good grammar book will give you
¢Á’i-† †≠ædç éπ-©í∫èπ◊ç-ú≈ -EÍ®l-P-ûª ©é~¬uEo Ø√¨¡ç
îËߪ’ôç). to Sabarimala. www.eenadupratibha.net all this information.