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El estilo indirecto se usa para contar lo que alguien ha dicho sin citar textualmente sus palabras.
ESTILO DIRECTO Julia said that she was going to the cinema.
EN PRESENTE
Si contamos en presente lo que alguien dice, solo necesitamos cambiar el sujeto y quitar las
comillas. Después del “reporting verb” tenemos que añadir “that” en inglés escrito.
EN PASADO
Sin embargo, normalmente el estilo indirecto se usa para contar lo que alguien ha dicho en el
pasado. En este caso, es necesario cambiar, aparte del sujeto, también el tiempo verbal,
siguiendo esta tabla.
Julia said: “I often go to PRESENT SIMPLE PAST SIMPLE Julia said that she often
the cinema.” went to the cinema.
Julia said: “I’m going to PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS Julia said that she was
the cinema.” going to the cinema.
Julia said: “I went to the PAST SIMPLE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE Julia said that she had
cinema.” gone to the cinema.
Julia said: “I was PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT Julia said that she had
watching a movie.” CONTINUOUS been watching a movie.
Julia said: “I have gone PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT SIMPLE Julia said that she had
to the cinema.” SIMPLE gone to the cinema.
Julia said: “I have been PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT Julia said that she had
watching a movie.” CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS been watching a
movie.
Julia said: “I had gone PAST PERFECT SIMPLE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE Julia said that she had
to the cinema.” gone to the cinema.
Julia said: “I had been PAST PERFECT PAST PERFECT Julia said that she had
watching a movie.” CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS been watching a movie.
Julia said: “I will go to FUTURE SIMPLE (WILL) WOULD Julia said that she
the cinema.” would go to the cinema
Julia said: “I can go to CAN COULD Julia said that she could
the cinema.” go to the cinema.
Julia said: “I may go to MAY MIGHT Julia said that she might
the cinema.” go to the cinema.
Julia said: “I must/ have MUST – HAVE TO MUST – HAD TO Julia said that she must
to go to the cinema.” / had to go to the
cinema.
EN PREGUNTAS:
* Si se trata de wh- questions (introducidas por what, who, where, when, why, whose, how, how
long), como la pregunta deja de ser tal, no hay inversión sujeto-verbo, y hay que adaptar el
tiempo verbal siguiendo la tabla anterior.
He asked: “Where does she work?” -> He asked where she worked.
* Si se trata de yes/no questions (que se pueden contestar con un “sí” o un “no”), hay que utilizar
las palabras if o whether (=si) para introducir lo que se pregunta, eliminar la inversión sujeto-
verbo, y adaptar el tiempo verbal siguiendo la tabla anterior.
Say puede llevar complemento indirecto o no, pero si lo lleva debe ir con la preposición to.
Ex.: Paul said that he had finished the project. or Paul said to us that he had finished the project.
2. AFIRMACIONES: admit, announce, answer, apologise, boast, claim, complain, declare, explain,
inform, insist, mention, offer, remind, reply, state.
Ex.: She ordered: “Close the door” -> She ordered me to close the door.
Ex. He suggested: “Let’s hold a party!” -> He suggested that we hold a party.