Bio-Lubricants

Product Brochure
DRIVING INNOVATION in natural-based
lubricants for a sustainable tomorrow CONTENTS

Leader in Natural-Based Chemistries Sustainable Lubricant Solutions

Emery Oleochemicals is a leading global provider Emery Oleochemicals products are used to improve
of high performance and natural-based chemicals processing efficiencies, provide outstanding technical
with a Bio-lubricant platform that enables our performance, and enhance environmental safety in
customers to formulate innovative and sustainable lubricant applications including oilfield chemicals, AZELAIC ACIDS
lubricant solutions. hydraulic fluids, base oils, greases, and lube base
Overview 05
stocks. We offer environmentally sustainable
CREATING VALUE Naturally products including azelaic acid, pelargonic acid, Physical Constants of Dicarboxylic Acids 06
We are committed to CREATING VALUE for dimer acid, isostearic acid, esters, and other types Manufacture of Azelaic Acid & Polymer Intermediates 07
you with our combined strengths in global of natural-based fatty acids and esters. Saponification & Metallic Soap Polymers 09
manufacturing, research and development,
Preferred Global Partner Lubricants & Greases 11
distribution, marketing, and technical know-how.
Uniquely packaged, our competitive advantage Emery Oleochemicals is committed to being your Finishing & Packaging 12
enables us to offer you innovative and competitive preferred partner in innovative and high performance
solutions designed to meet your needs. natural-based ingredients for lubricant applications PELARGONIC ACIDS
designed for a sustainable tomorrow. Overview 14
Applications 15
Metallic Soaps 16
Activated Oxygen Bleaches 17
Finishing & Packaging 18

DIMER ACIDS
Overview 20
Product Information 21

ESTERS
Overview 23
Product Information 24

OILFIELD
Overview & Product Information 26

Release 08/ 2013

Subject to alteration & errors and omissions excepted.

Disclaimer: The information provided herein is for the sole purpose of presenting Emery Oleochemicals, its products and services. It is given without any express or implied representation, guarantee, or warranty of
completeness, correctness or any other kind of assurance.

All products in the text marked with an ® are trademarks of Emery Oleochemicals. The information on product specifications provided herein is only binding to the extent confirmed by Emery Oleochemicals in a
written Sales Agreement. EMERY OLEOCHEMICALS EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE SUITABILITY OF THE PRODUCTS FOR ANY SPECIFIC OR PARTICULAR PURPOSES INTENDED BY THE USER.
Suggestions for the use and application of the products and guide formulations are given for information purposes only and without commitment. Such suggestions do not release Emery Oleochemicals’ customers
from testing the products as to their suitability for the customer’s intended processes and purposes. Emery Oleochemicals does not assume any liability or risk involved in the use of its products as the conditions of
use are beyond its control. The user of the products is solely responsible for compliance with all laws and regulations applying to the use of the products, including intellectual property rights of third parties.
 AZELAIC ACIDS OVERVIEW

Azelaic acid is a 9-carbon, straight chain, saturated, dibasic acid produced commercially by the ozone
oxidation of oleic acid. Its chemical name is 1,9-nonanedioic acid, or heptane-1, 7-carboxylic acid.
(FIGURE 1)

Azelaic acid is a crystalline, opaque-white

Azelaic Acids
solid, soluble in hot water, alcohols, diethyl
ether, and other polar solvents, as shown in
Table 1. The two carboxyl groups of azelaic
acid limit its solubility in nonpolar solvents
such as naphtha or carbon tetrachloride.

The monomeric derivatives of azelaic acid
generally have lower melting points and
greater solubilities than the corresponding
derivatives of even-carbon dicarboxylic acids.
The influence of the odd-carbon structure
on melting points and physical properties
of aliphatic dibasic acids is shown in Table
2. Table 3 shows the influence of the odd-
carbon structure on the melting points of
some simple (monomeric) derivatives.
Azelaic acid is the preferred aliphatic dibasic
acid for the preparation and modification
of high molecular weight polymers in many
industries. Unlike petroleum based adipic
acid, azelaic acid is derived from replenishable
oleochemical raw materials. Furthermore,
its odd-carbon structure imparts unique
properties to polymers and derivatives that
can be utilized advantageously.

As Table 3 indicates, the monomeric

azelaic derivative in each instance has a
lower melting point than either of the TABLE 1
corresponding adipic or sebacic derivatives.
SOLUBILITY OF EMEROX® 1144 AT 27ºC

FIGURE 1 SOLVENT WT. %

WATER 0.52
ACETONE 1.40
ETHYL ETHER 2.70
TOULENE 5.70
ETHANOL 54.0
DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE 137

4 5
 PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS MANUFACTURE OF AZELAIC ACID & POLYMER INTERMEDIATES

TABLE 2 The present line of EMEROX® Azelaic Acids is the result of over 60 years of research by Emery
Oleochemicals, pioneer in the commercial development of azelaic acid. Early in this period, an
PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS economical process to split oleic acid into two completely new commercial products, azelaic and
pelargonic acids, was developed. The initial commercial plant was based on the oxidation of oleic acid
SOLUBILITY IN H20 IONIZATION
ACID FORMULA M.P.ºC B.P.ºC by chromic acid. Further pioneering led to Emery Oleochemicals’ unique ozonolysis-oxidation process.
@20°C, G/100G CONSTANT, K1

SUCCINIC (CH2)2(COOH)2 6.9 185.0 234 4.6X10-5

GLUTARIC (CH2)3(COOH)2 64.0 99.0 304 6.9X10-5 The first commercial ozone plant for the
ADIPIC
TABLE 4
(CH2)4(COOH)2 1.44 153.0 265 2
3.7X10-5 continuous production of azelaic acid was
PIMELIC (CH2)5(COOH)2 5.00 106.0 2722 3.1X10-5
completed in 1953. Other plants have since SPECIFICATIONS & TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
SUBERIC (CH2)6(COOH)2 0.16 144.0 2792 3.0X10-5 EMEROX® 1110, EMEROX® 1112 & EMEROX® 1144 AZELAIC ACIDS
been erected, adding substantially to capacity.
AZELAIC (CH2)7(COOH)2 0.24 106.53 2862 2.5X10-5
Emery Oleochemicals is the world’s largest EMEROX® 1110 EMEROX® 1112 EMEROX® 1144
SEBACIC (CH2)8(COOH)2 0.10 134.5 2952 2.3X10-5 PRODUCT
AZELAIC ACID AZELAIC ACID AZELAIC ACID
commercial producer of azelaic acid, as well
as the world’s largest industrial producer and SPECIFICATIONS
consumer of ozone. ACID VALUE, MgKOH/g 576 - 591 574 - 591 587 - 594
COLOR, % TRANS
This process uses the powerful reactivity of 68/85 80/97 95/99
440/550 nm min.
TABLE 3
ozone to cleave oleic acid into azelaic and AZELAIC ACID, %, MIN. - - 88
pelargonic acids. After extensive separation MONOBASIC ACID, %, MAX. - 0.30 0.05
PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS
and purification operations, the azelaic TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

ACID ACID ANILIDE, °C

AMIDE, °C P-NITROBENZYL acids are flaked and packaged for shipment EQUIVALENT WEIGHT, g/eq 96 96 95
ESTER, °C ESTER, °C P-BROMOPHENACYL
in 25 kilogram multiwall paper bags and MELTING POINT, ºC 96 - 103 99 - 100 100 - 102
MALONIC (C3) 224 170 85 - COMPOSITION (GLC wt %)
700 kilogram Supersacks. A comprehensive
SUCCINIC (C4) 226 242 88 211 DIBASIC ACID <C9 7 3 4
Statistical Quality Control (SQC) program
GLUTARIC (C5) 224 174 69 137 DIBASIC ACID C9 79 85 89
supplements automatic equipment and
ADIPIC (C6) 235 220 106 154 DIBASIC ACID >C9 12 12 7
PIMELIC (C7) 155 - - 137
controls throughout the plant to ensure that MONOBASIC ACID 2 0.1 0.03
SUBERIC (C8) 187 216 85 144 each shipment meets specifications.
AZELAIC (C9) 185 175 44 131
SEBACIC (C10) 198 210 72 147
Commercial Azelaic Acids
EMEROX® Azelaic Acids are available to meet
the product quality and cost/performance
relationships required for specific applications.
EMEROX® Azelaic Acids are marketed in both
technical and polymer grades. Specifications
and typical characteristics of Emery
Oleochemicals’ azelaic acids are listed
in Table 4.

6 7
EMEROX® 1110
A technical grade of azelaic acid which
typically contains 79% azelaic acid, 19%
other dibasic acids and 2% monobasic
acids. EMEROX® 1110 has found extensive
application in the preparation of low-
temperature and polymeric type vinyl
plasticizers, ester-based synthetic lubricants,
and lithium complex grease.
EMEROX® 1112
A grade of azelaic acid which typically contains
85% azelaic acid, 15% other dibasic acids and
0.1% monobasic acids. EMEROX® 1112 has
found extensive application in the preparation
of low-temperature and polymeric type vinyl
plasticizers, ester-based synthetic lubricants,
and lithium complex grease.
8 9
EMEROX® 1144
This is the purest grade of azelaic acid
commercially available, and was developed
specifically for the preparation and
modification of high molecular weight
polymers. It contains approximately 89%
azelaic acid, 11% other dibasic acids, and a
maximum monobasic acid content of 0.05%
The introduction of a linear odd-carbon
structure of EMEROX® 1144 usually improves
the polymer low-temperature impact
strength, without sacrificing high temperature
performance. For example, 6,9 nylons based
on EMEROX® 1144 possess excellent abrasion
resistance, low water absorption, high impact
resistance, and an excellent overall balance
of properties.
Functional esters of EMEROX® 1144 can be
used as components in urethanes and as a
source of soft segments in co-polyester fibers,
imparting good low temperature performance
and hydrolytic resistance.
Reactions of Azelaic Acid
Reactions of the carboxyl groups of azelaic
acid are by far the most important and are
typical of any aliphatic carboxylic acid. Since
azelaic acid is difunctional, mixed derivatives
such as acid esters, acid amides, and amide
esters can be prepared. In addition, polymers
can be formed by the reaction of azelaic acid
with polyols or polyamines.
Saponification & Metallic Soap Polymers
FIGURE 2
Azelaic acid saponifies readily with alkali
metals to form alkali metal salts which are
highly water soluble, but which exhibit no
detergency. Salts of calcium, magnesium,
aluminum, and other metals are insoluble in
water and in common organic solvents. Basic
oxides of multivalent metals such as ZnO will
react with azelaic acid to form polymers.
Esterification FIGURE 3
Monohydric alcohols react with azelaic acid
to form relatively high boiling diesters. These
diesters are efficient plasticizers and impart
excellent low temperature flexibility to
vinyls, cellulosics, and neoprene, nitrile,
and butadiene-styrene rubbers. They are
also used as base fluids for synthetic
lubricants and greases where they exhibit
excellent viscosity/temperature relationships
and provide excellent lubrication over wide
temperature ranges.
Glycols and other polyols react with azelaic
acid to yield polyesters. If the resulting
polyester contains an excess of reactive
groups, it can react further with cross-
linking agents or extenders. Polyurethane
resins result from the chain extension of
hydroxyl terminated azelaic polyesters with
diisocyanates of isocyanate prepolymers.
Amidation FIGURE 4
Linear polyamides, formed by the reaction of
azelaic acid with diamines, are an increasingly
important group of polymers. These
polyamides usually require polymer grade
EMEROX® 1144 Azelaic Acid which can act
either as the principal dibasic acid component
(e.g., 6,9 nylon) or as a dibasic acid modifier.
Polyamides are also produced by reacting
azelanitrile with formaldehyde. The resulting
poly (methylene azelamide) is reported
to have properties similar to those of
commercial poly (hexamethylene adipamide).
Under suitable conditions, ammonia and
primary or secondary amines react with
azelaic and its derivatives to form amides.
The simplest is azelamide which melts
around 175°C.
Reduction FIGURE 5
Reduction by sodium, hydrogenation over
cupric chromite, or high pressure reduction
of the diester yields the corresponding glycol
(1,9-nonanediol).
This alcohol has a melting point of
approximately 45º and is insoluble in both
water and petroleum ether. The hydroxyl acid
(9-hydroxynonanoic acid) can also be formed
and exhibits solubilities similar to that of
1,9-nonanediol.
Acid Chloride FIGURE 6
Reaction with phosphorus pentachloride or
with thionyl chloride yields the acid chloride
of azelaic acid. This acid chloride may then be
used in the preparation of other derivatives.
FIGURE 2 LUBRICANTS & GREASES

Since petroleum oils fail to function effectively over extremely wide temperature ranges, such as those
encountered in the operation of aircraft gas turbine engines, demand for ester-based synthetic lubricants
have shown steady growth. Synthetic basestocks made from azelate diesters exhibit extremely good
viscosity/temperature relationships and therefore outperform petroleum oils in this area.

Among other important advantages of azelate

diesters are low viscosity rise during oxidation,
a low order of corrosive breakdown products,
FIGURE 3
excellent overall lubricity, low coking
characteristics, high flash points, good additive
response and low peroxide values.

Compounded lubricants and greases Other Applications

incorporating azelate basestocks are used in
Among the many miscellaneous applications
military and commercial aircraft engines of
of azelaic acid are dielectric fluids, heat-
the turbojet, turbofan, and turboprop varieties
FIGURE 4 transfer fluids, metal to glass fluxes, emulsion
for stationary jet engines, for electrical and
breakers, fungicides, mothproofing agents,
other power requirements, for aircraft and
insecticides, polyurethane foams, waxes,
space vehicle instruments, and for other
hydraulic fluids, tobacco sheet plasticizers,
equipment and instrumentation requiring
special alkyd resins, hot-melt coatings and
maximum lubrication performance over a
adhesives, and water soluble coating resins.
broad temperature range.
The number of additional patents issued
Azelaic acid is finding increasing application as a which are related to the use of azelaic acid
FIGURE 5 complexing agent for lithium complex grease. has grown from year to year.

FIGURE 6

10 11
APPLICATION OVERVIEW

LITHIUM
LUBRICANT CORROSION FUEL OILFIELD METAL
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION COMPLEX
BASESTOCKS INHIBITORS ADDITIVES CHEMICALS CLEANING
GREASE
EMEROX ®1110 Azelaic Acid (79% C9D) x x
EMEROX® 1112 Azelaic Acid (85% C9D) x x x
EMEROX® 1144 Azelaic Acid (89% C9D) x x
Azelaic Acid x x
EMEROX® 1175
(70% C9D; 10% C11D)
Azelaic Acid x
EMEROX® 1185
(44% C9D, 46% C11D))

Pelargonic Acids
Azelaic Acid x
EMEROX® 1101
(C6D, C7D, C8D, C9D)

FINISHING & PACKAGING

Food Contact Uses of Emery Oleochemicals has complied with the

Azelaic Acid Derivatives initial inventory requirements of the Toxic
Substances Control Act (TSCA), P.L. 94-469
The following is a list of regulations related
(90 STAT 2003, 15 U.S.C. 2607 (a), Subsection
to indirect food contact uses of products
8 (b).
incorporating azelaic acid. Please refer
to Chapter 21 of the Code of Federal Product CASRN
Regulations for specific regulations 1144 123-99-9
including any limitations. 1112 123-99-9
CFR 175.105 Adhesives 1110 123-99-9
CFR 175.320 Resinous and polymeric
coatings for polyolefin films
Technical Service
CFR 177.1390 Polymers The information presented in this bulletin
CFR 177.1395 Laminate structures for use has necessarily been general in nature. Emery
at temperatures between Oleochemicals is prepared to offer counsel
120°F and 250°F
and assistance for your specific azelaic acid
CFR 177.1500 Nylon resin applications. In addition to the products
CFR 177.1630 Polyethylene phthalate discussed in this brochure, research efforts
polymers (film modifier)
are continuously underway to provide the
CFR 178.3740 Plasticizers in polymeric
industry with new and unique intermediates
substances
for new applications. Any technical questions
CFR 178.3910 Surface lubricants for
the manufacture of pertaining to Emery Oleochemical products
metallic articles or their performance in your operation will
receive immediate attention.

12 13
 PELARGONIC ACIDS OVERVIEW
Pelargonic acid is a 9-carbon, straight chain, saturated, monobasic acid produced commercially by
Emery Oleochemicals by the ozone oxidation of oleic acid. Its chemical name is nonanoic acid, CAS
number 112- 05-0. (FIGURE 7)
Pelargonic acid is a clear, light colored,
monobasic acid which is liquid at room
temperature. Pelargonic acid derives unique
performance characteristics from its odd-
carbon chain length, providing definite
advantages in many quality and performance-
sensitive applications over short-chain fatty
acids obtained from imported coconut oil.
The nine-carbon structure differs from the
even-carbon chains of coconut fatty acids,
imparting pelargonic acid and its derivatives
with significantly different solubility
characteristics, lower-temperature fluidity,
and low melting points.
Emery Oleochemicals manufactures three
different grades of pelargonic acid: EMERY®
1202 Pelargonic Acid, EMERY® 1203-A
Pelargonic Acid (high purity), and EMERY®
1210 Low Molecular Weight Acids. These
three grades differ in composition as shown
by the representative gas chromatographic
analysis given in Table 5.
Pelargonic acid is used extensively in the
manufacture of low-temperature vinyl
plasticizers and synthetic lubricants with low-
temperature capabilities. The performance of
EMERY® 1202 has been especially outstanding
in high-bake alkyds where hardness,
nonyellowing, and flexibility properties
show substantial improvement.
14
TABLE 5
GAS CHROMATAGRPHIC ANALYSIS OF EMERY® PELARGONIC ACIDS
EMERY® 1203-A
COMPOSITION, (GLC WT. %) EMERY® 1202 EMERY® 1210
PELARGONIC ACID
MONOBASIC ACID PELARGONIC ACID LMW ACIDS
(HIGH PURITY)
CAPROIC ACID (C5H11COOH) <1 - 27
FIGURE 7 HEPTANOIC ACID (C6H13COOH) 1 - 31
CAPRYLIC ACID (C7H15COOH) 4 <1 12
PELARGONIC ACID (C8H17COOH) 93 98 27
OTHER 2 <1 3
Chemical & Physical Properties
EMERY® Pelargonic Acids are similar in many of APPLICATIONS
the physical and chemical properties to other
liquid fatty acids. Being completely saturated,
however, they have no double bonds as points Synthetic Lubricants Amine Condensates
of instability. The linear, highly saturated and odd- Amine condensates prepared by reacting
carbon structure of pelargonic acid makes EMERY® 1202 with low molecular weight
Solubility
it particularly suitable as the major acid amines such as monoethanolamine or
Pelargonic acid is sparingly soluble in water, component in TMP (trimethylolpropane), PE isopropanolamine are characterized with
but readily soluble in most organic solvents. (pentaerythritol) and NPG (neopentyl glycol) good water solubility.
polyol esters. These classic polyol structures
Reactions The water solubility characteristics of EMERY®
dominate jet engine lubricant technology,
1202 amine condensates can be extended to
The chemical reactions of pelargonic acid at the and are becoming more important in
blends made with other amine condensates.
carboxyl group involve basic fatty acid chemistry. synthetic lubricants for industrial and land
Thus, the gellation tendencies of other low
transportation applications.
The lower molecular weight and odd-carbon molecular weight amine condensates can
chain length of EMERY® Pelargonic Acids Emery Oleochemical technical service be reduced by partial replacement with the
result in compounds that have markedly representatives are available to assist in the pelargonic acid counterpart.
different physical and chemical properties development of pelargonate polyol esters
from those obtained from acids of higher for applications in this technology.
molecular weight, such as lauric, myristic,
palmitic and stearic.
The alkali metal salts of EMERY® 1202 are very
soluble in water, but are insoluble in most
organic solvents even with an excess of fatty
acid. Detergency of the short chain length
salts is quite limited. The calcium and heavy
metal salts are insoluble in water.
15
TABLE 6 Activated Oxygen Bleaches Handling
Pelargonic acid is derivatized with a material Pelargonic acid is more irritating to the skin
SPECIFICATIONS OF EMERY® PELARGONIC ACIDS
that can serve as a leaving group. This than the high molecular weight liquid fatty
EMERY® 1203-A
PRODUCT EMERY® 1202
PELARGONIC ACID
EMERY® 1210 derivative is then mixed into a detergent acids such as oleic acid. The use of protective
PELARGONIC ACID LMW ACIDS
(HIGH PURITY) along with an oxygen bleach source, such as eyewear and gloves is recommended in
ACID VALUE, MG KOH/G 345 - 355 345 - 355 400 - 430
sodium perborate. In the wash, the derivative handling to prevent eye contact and extended
IODINE VALUE (WIJS), MAX 0.5 0.5 1.5
undergoes perhydrolysis to generate a skin exposure. Removal from the skin can be
COLOR, PT-CO (APHA), MAX - 50 -
peracid (or peroxygenated acid), which serves accomplished by washing with soap and water,
COLOR, % TRANS, 440/550 NM, MIN 90/99 - 90/96
PELARGONIC ACID, %, MIN 90 98 -
as a more effective bleaching agent than and medical attention should be obtained.
IRON, PPM, MAX 1.0 1.0 - the peroxide generated from the sodium The following study to determine the
WATER, WT. %, MAX 0.2 0.1 - perbonate alone. corrosive and irritative potentials of EMERY®
TITER, °C 8 - 11 - - 1202 Pelargonic Acid was performed by an
Reduction Products independent testing laboratory:
Pelargonic acid can be reduced to 1. The corrosive potential of EMERY® 1202
METALLIC SOAPS yield pelargonaldehyde or n-nonanol. Pelargonic Acid was evaluated in accordance
Pelargonaldehyde, which has an orange-rose with the procedure described in Section
odor, is used in perfumes, as well as flavors. 173l240 under Title 49 of the Code of
The metallic soaps of pelargonic acids may be made by direct fusion or by double decomposition.
Peroxides Federal Regulations (Federal Register,
Generally, double decomposition is preferred, resulting in lighter colored and purer end-products. The
February 12, 1973). EMERY® 1202 Pelargonic
mixed barium-cadmium soaps of EMERY® 1202 are effective stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride resins,
Pelargonyl peroxide can be used as a catalyst Acid produced the corrosive effects of
particularly when used in conjunction with a chelating type stabilizer. The use of this mixed soap is
in the polymerization of vinyl chloride. blanching, necrosis, and skin thickening at
more effective than barium-cadmium laurate since it provides plasticized PVC with better resistance
the majority of sites. Based on these results,
to ultraviolet and heat degradation. Flotation
EMERY® 1202 is classified as a corrosive
Pelargonic acid is an efficient frothing agent material as this term is defined in the above-
in the separation of certain ores via the cited regulations.
TABLE 7
flotation process.
2. EMERY® 1202 Pelargonic Acid applied
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERY® PELARGONIC ACIDS to the eyes of albino rabbits produced
EMERY® 1203-A marked irritation. Irritative signs included
EMERY® 1202 EMERY® 1210
PRODUCT PELARGONIC ACID
PELARGONIC ACID
(HIGH PURITY)
LMW ACIDS iritis, conjunctivitis, and corneal opacity.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY, 25/25°C 0.904 0.904 0.916 The method of Draize (Lehman, A.J., et al,
50/25°C 0.883 0.883 - Appraisal of the Safety of Chemicals in
100/25°C 0.848 0.848 - Foods, Drugs and Cosmetics, Association of
VISCOSITY, AT 37.8°C, cSt. 4.75 4.75 - Food and Drug Officials of the U.S., Austin,
BOILING POINT, 760 mm Hg. °C 230 - 237 230 - 237 224
Texas, 1959) was used to score the irritative
BOILING POINT, 4 mm Hg, °C 117 - 125 117 - 125 -
effects observed in the eye.
FLASH POINT, °C 140 140 110
FIRE POINT, °C 146 146 -
UNSAPONIFIABLE CONTENT, % 0.15 0.15 0.15
WATER, % 0.01 0.01 0.01
ASH, PPM <25 <25 <25

16 17
APPLICATION OVERVIEW

LUBRICANT CORROSION
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION METAL CLEANING
BASESTOCKS INHIBITORS
EMERY® 1202 Pelargonic Acid (90% C9M) x x x
EMERY® 1203A Pelargonic Acid (98% C9M) x x x
Pelargonic Acid x
EMERY® 1210
(C6,C7, C8, C9)

FINISHING & PACKAGING

Shipping & Storage
Pelargonic acid is sufficiently reactive with
some metals to necessitate use of corrosion-
resistant equipment. Aluminum (Alloy 3003)
or baked phenolic lined steel (such as Lastiglas
or Lithcote) are economical materials for
storage tanks, but for reactions at elevated
temperatures, stainless steel (Type 316), glass
or ceramic-lined vessels are recommended.
D.O.T. Classification:
Not Regulated
Shipments of EMERY® Pelargonic Acids
are made in aluminum tankcars, or in
lined 55-gallon drums.
Dimer Acids
Bulk Storage & Handling
For major consumers of pelargonic acid, bulk
buying, handling, and storing offer several
economic advantages over the purchasing of
drum quantities. These are realized in a lower
unit purchasing price and in reduced handling
and storage costs.
For a comprehensive discussion of bulk
handling and storage of EMERY® Pelargonic
Acids, contact a Emery Oleochemicals
representative at one of the locations
listed on the back of this brochure.

18 19
 DIMER ACIDS OVERVIEW PRODUCT INFORMATION

EMERY® 2003
EMERY® 2016 EMERSOL® 3875 EMERY® 2932
PRODUCT TECHNICAL
DIMER ACID ISOSTEARIC ACID MONOMER
Emery Oleochemicals is a worldwide leader in Oleochemicals, the class of chemicals made from DIMER ACID

natural fats and oils. Emery Oleochemicals uses natural, renewable raw materials; the oils from SPECIFICATIONS

soybeans, coconuts and palm kernels as well as fats from tallow, to manufacture an extensive line APPEARANCE, 25°C Clear viscous liquid Clear viscous liquid Clear liquid Clear liquid

of fatty acids, glycerine and oleochemical derivatives. ACID VALUE 180 MIN. 190 - 198 187 - 201 165 - 198
% MOISTURE, MAX 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
COLOR, GARDNER, MAX 8 8
EMERY® Dimer Acids are the result of the Emery Oleochemicals Manufactures 4 COLOR, % TRANS, 440/550 NM, MIN 80/85
dimerization of tallow oleic acid to a dibasic Dimer Acids: SAPONIFICATION VALUE 195 - 204 193 MIN
acid containing, on average, a 36 carbon VISCOSITY, CST., 140°F 250 - 500 450 - 510
EMERY® 2003 Technical Dimer Acid —
molecule with two carboxylic acid groups. IODINE VALUE (WIJS), MAX 3 MAX 40 - 100
A general purpose dimer acid where light
Dimer Acids find extensive application in TITER, °C 10 MAX
color is not critical.
the areas of Polyamide Resins for Inks and TYPICAL PROPERTIES
Adhesives, Curing Agents, Lubricants, Greases, EMERY® 2016 Dimer Acid — ACID VALUE 190 201 199 190
Oilfield Chemicals, Fuel Additives, Corrosion A light-colored general purpose dimer acid. SPECIFIC GRAVITY, 25/20°C 0.945 0.945 0.917 0.917

Inhibitors, Sealants, Polymer Intermediates VISCOSITY, CST., 100°F 1,500 1,800

EMERSOL® 3875 Isostearic Acid —
VISCOSITY, CST., 140°F 400 470
and Personal Care applications. A light-colored isostearic acid. VISCOSITY, CST., 210°F 60 75
At Emery Oleochemicals, our salespeople are EMERY® 2932 Monomer — MONOBASIC ACIDS, %, HPLC 4 4
experienced and accessible, and our customer A light-colored monomer acid. DIBASIC ACIDS, %, HPLC 80 16

service associates are on hand, in person, POLYBASIC ACIDS, %, HPLC

ISOSTEARIC ACIDS, %, HPLC 70
to answer your calls. Our marketing and
technical representatives are ready to provide
not only the products you need, but also
storage and handling advice, formulation and APPLICATION OVERVIEW
processing information, and news about our
latest developments. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
LUBRICANT CORROSION FUEL OILFIELD
BASESTOCKS INHIBITORS ADDITIVE CHEMICAL
EMERY® 2003 Dimer Acid (80% C36D) x x x
EMERY® 2016 Dimer Acid (80% C36D) x x x
Isostearic Acid x x x
EMERSOL® 3875
(80% C18 isomers)
EMERY® 2932 Monomer acid x x x

Forms of Delivery Storage Information

2003 and 2016 Product stored in the original closed
412 lb. Drums and bulk containers packaging under ambient conditions should
be stable for at least 1 year.
3875 and 2932
400 lb. Drums and bulk containers

20 21
 ESTERS OVERVIEW

Emery Oleochemicals is a worldwide leader in natural-based oleochemical products. Our esters are
the result of the reaction of fatty acids with alcohols and are based on renewable raw materials like
palm/palm kernel, coconut or tallow oils.

Our product portfolio includes a wide

Esters
selection of mono and polyolesters (saturated
and unsaturated). Together with dicarboxylic
acid esters and complex esters, a variety of
lubricant applications can be served.

Emery Oleochemical Esters are environmentally

properties and high viscosity indices. Select
friendly. They provide good biodegradability
esters show good performance over a wide
and low aquatic toxicity.
range of temperatures.
Our Esters are also recognized for good
Based on our long experience in the
lubricity and wear protection, with polarity
ester business, we are looking forward to
that results in a high cleaning effect. They are
developing new and innovative ester solutions
also miscible in mineral oils and PAO‘s. We
to satisfy our customers needs. Please contact
have esters available with high flash points and
our marketing and technical representatives
low evaporation rates, which reduces the fire
to get more product information and news
hazard. Emery Esters show good rheological
about our latest developments.

MONOESTERS

HYDRAULIC METAL STEEL ALUMINIUM

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
OILS WORKING ROLLING OILS PROCESSING
DEHYLUB® 1325 2-Ethylhexyltallowate x
DEHYLUB® 4002 2-Ethylhexyl-C8-14-ester x x
DEHYLUB® 4003 2-Ethylhexyllaurate x
DEHYLUB® 4003 MY 2-Ethylhexyllaurate (vegetable based) x
DEHYLUB® 4012 2-Ethylhexyl-oleate x x
DEHYLUB® 4012 MY 2-Ethylhexyl-oleate x x
DEHYLUB® 4018 2-Ethylhexylpalmitate x
DEHYLUB® 4018 MY 2-Ethylhexylpalmitate (vegetable based) x
DEHYLUB® 4033 2-Ethylhexylstearate x
DEHYLUB® BS 4015 Butylstearate x x
DEHYLUB® 4004 Isobutylstearat x x
DEHYLUB® 4010 Isotridecylstearate x
DEHYLUB® 4042 MY Methylester x

22 23
POLYOL ESTERS
METAL STEEL GEAR AND
HYDRAULIC ALUMINIUM CHAIN ENGINE
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION WORKING ROLLING TRANSMISSION GREASES
OILS PROCESSING LUBRICANTS OILS
FLUIDS OILS OILS
DEHYLUB® 4016 NPG-dioleate x x x
DEHYLUB® 4016 MY NPG-dioleate x x x
DEHYLUB® 4052 NPG-C8-18-ester x

DEHYLUB® 4022 TMP-C8-10-ester x x x x x

DEHYLUB® 4030 TMP-oleate x x x x

TMP-oleate x x x x
DEHYLUB® 4030 MY
(vegetable based)
DEHYLUB® 4008 Pentaerythritoldioleate x x
Pentaerythritoldioleate x x
DEHYLUB® 4008 MY
(vegetable based)

Oilfield
Pentaerythritol- x x x
DEHYLUB® 4026
C8-10-ester
DEHYLUB® 4028 Glyceroltrioleate x x

DICARBOXYLIC ESTERS
METAL GEAR AND
HYDRAULIC ENGINE
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION WORKING TRANSMISSION GREASES
FLUIDS OILS
FLUIDS OILS
DEHYLUB® 4005 2-Ethylhexylsebacate x x x
DEHYLUB® 1337 Diisotridecyladipate x x x x
DEHYLUB® 4045 Diisodecyladipate x x x

COMPLEX ESTERS
METAL
HYDRAULIC CHAIN ENGINE
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION WORKING GREASES
FLUIDS LUBRICANTS OILS
FLUIDS
DEHYLUB® 4100 Complex Ester x x x
DEHYLUB® 4059 Complex Ester x x x x
DEHYLUB® 4071 Complex Ester x x

TECHNICAL DATA OF SELECTED ESTERS

DEHYLUB DEHYLUB DEHYLUB DEHYLUB DEHYLUB DEHYLUB
4018 4012 4030 4026 4005 4100

2-Ethylhexyl- 2-Ethylhexyl- Trimethylol- Pentaerythritol 2-Ethylhexyl- Complex

COMPOSITION
ester oleate propantrioleate fatty acid ester sebacate ester

Clear yellowish Clear yellow Clear yellow Clear light Clear Clear yellow
APPEARANCE
liquid liquid liquid yellow liquid colorless liquid liquid

ACID VALUE (MG KOH/G) 0 - 0.5 0 - 0.5 0-1 0 - 0.3 0 - 0.2 0 - 0.5
SAPONIFICATION VALUE (MG KOH/G) 150 - 170 140 - 150 175 - 190 323 - 338 258 - 270 270 - 305
IODINE VALUE (G I2/100 G) 0-2 60 - 71 80 - 90 0 - 0.8 0 - 0.3
HYDROXYL VALUE (MG KOH/G) 0 - 25 0 - 3.5 0-2
2-ETHYLHEXYLCONTENT (%) 0 - 0.2 0-0.2 # # # #
POURPOINT (°C) <-30 <-40 <-70
0.952 - 0.955
DENSITY @ 20°C (G/CM3) 0.86 - 0.87 0.862 - 0.872 0.914 - 0.920 0.912 - 0.916 0.96 - 0.98
@ 25

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY
7.8 - 9.0 7-9 42 - 50 27.5 - 33 10.5 - 12.5 425 - 465
@ 40°C (MM2/S)

24 25
 OILFIELD OVERVIEW CREATING VALUE FOR OUR CUSTOMERS,
ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD.
Emery Oleochemicals is a global provider of high performance and innovative solutions for oilfield
chemicals. Our products are based on renewable natural resources, thus making oil exploration around

friendly products, without losing performance, even under challenging borehole and formation conditions.

Our business knowledge and technical

expertise in oilfield chemicals span more
than 30 years.

In addition to our commercial products,

technical team, to support both exclusive or

The main applications for our oilfield
chemicals are:
specific needs.
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Carrier Fluids
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APPLICATION OVERVIEW

FLUID SYSTEM
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION FUNCTION FEATURES
OIL BASED WATER BASED
MUDS MUDS
OMC 586 XL Ester Carrier fluid x GoM permit Emery Oleochemicals GmbH Emery Oleochemicals LLC
OMC 1000 Ester Carrier fluid x Paul-Thomas-Strasse 56, 40599 Düsseldorf, Germany 4900 Este Avenue, 45232 Cincinnati, OH, USA
Environmentally friendly, T | +49 211 5611 2000 F | +49 211 5611 2600 T | +1 513 762 2500 F | +1 513 246 3340
T&33A%3*-™ EM 1120 Special surfactant Emulsifier x high temperature E | bl.europe@emeryoleo.com E | bl.americas@emeryoleo.com
applications
T&33A%3*-™ EM 1122 Amido amine Emulsifier x
Emery Oleochemicals (M) Sdn Bhd
T&33A%3*-™ EM 392 Fatty acid Primary emulsifier x Lot 4, Jalan Perak, Kawasan Perusahaan,
DEHYLUB® 1324 Ester based Lubricant x x 42500 Telok Panglima Garang, Selangor, Malaysia
DEHYLUB® 1316 Ester based Lubricant x Also for silicate systems T | +603 3326 8686 F | +603 3326 8787
DEHYLUB® 1037 Ester based Lubricant x E | bl.asia@emeryoleo.com
T&33A%3*-™ S 1118 Surfactant Borehole cleaner x Environmentally friendly
T&33A%3*-™ S 1310 Surfactant Borehole cleaner x Environmentally friendly
T&33A%3*-™ S 809 Surfactant Borehole cleaner x Disclaimer: The content in this document is provided on an “as is” and “as available” basis purely for informational purposes and does not constitute any warranty, whether
express, implied or statutory, including but not limited to warranties or guarantees of merchantability, fitness or suitability for a particular purpose nor any representations of
Low end B
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advised to carry out any necessary steps to test the suitability of the products for your intended processes and purposes. You are solely responsible for compliance with all
T&33A%3*-™ V 300 Fatty acid Viscosifier x applicable laws and regulations in use of the products including any third party intellectual property rights and shall continue to bear all liability or risk arising from use of the
T&33A%3*-™ V 988 Special acid Thinner/ dispersant x products. All indications marked with a TM or ® symbol are trademarks belonging to legal entities within the Emery Oleochemicals group of companies.

26 CREATING VALUE | www.emeryoleo.com 27

 CREATING VALUE | www.emeryoleo.com

28