Practice Problems Set -2

ME-231A

Q1. The velocity vector in a fluid is given V  4x 3iˆ  10x 2 yˆj  2tkˆ . Find the velocity and
acceleration of a fluid particle at (2, 1, 3) at time t=1.

Q2. The two velocity components are given as u = x2 + y2 + z2 and v = xy2-yz2 + xy. Determine
the third component of velocity such that they satisfy the continuity equation.

Q3. A fluid field is given by:


V  x 2 yiˆ  y 2 zˆj   2xyz  yz 2  kˆ

Prove that it is a case of possible steady and incompressible fluid flow. Calculate the velocity
and acceleration at the point (2, 1, 3).

Q4.A velocity field is by V  axiˆ  btyjˆ where a = 1 s-1 and b = 1 s-2. Find the equation of the
streamline at anytime t.
 A Ay
Q5. The velocity for a steady, incompressible flow in the x-y plane is given by V  iˆ  ˆj 2
x x
where A = 2 m2/s, and the coordinates are measured in meters. Obtain an equation for the
streamline that passes through the point (x, y) = (1, 3). Calculate the time required for a fluid
particle to move from x = 1 m to x = 2 m in this flow field.

Q6. Find the convective acceleration at the middle of the pipe which converges uniformly from
0.4m diameter to 0.2m diameter over 2m length. The rate of flow is 20 lit/s. If the rate of flow
changes uniformly from 20lit/s to 40 lit/s in 30 seconds, find the total acceleration at the middle
of the pipe at 15th second.

Fig. 1

 x x
 2   
Q7. The velocity and density field in diffuser are given by U  U 0 e  L
and    0 e L
. Find
the rate of change of density at x=L.
 
Q8. A flow field is given by V  Axiˆ  2 Ayjˆ where A = 2 s-1.Verify that the parametric equations
for particle motion are given by x p  c1e At and y p  c1e2 At . Obtain the equation for the pathline of
the particle located at the point (x, y) = (2, 2) at the instant t = 0. Compare this pathline with the
streamline through the same point.

Q9. Consider the flow described by the velocity field, V  A 1  Bt  iˆ  Ctyjˆ with A = 1 m/s, B =
1 s-1, and C = 1 s-2. Coordinates are measured in meters. Plot the pathline traced out by the
particle that passes through the point (1, 1) at time t = 0. Compare with the streamlines plotted
through the same point at the instants t = 0, 1, and 2 s.

Q10. The velocity field in a fluid medium is given by V  3xy 2iˆ  2xyˆj   2zy  3t  kˆ . Find the
magnitude and direction of the following:
(i) Translational velocity
(ii) Rotational velocity
(iii) Vorticity of a fluid element
At (1, 2, 1) and at time t=3.


Q11.Consider the velocity field V  A  x 4  6 x 2 y 2  y 4  iˆ  A  4 xy 3  4 x3 y  ˆj in the xy plane,
where A = 0.25 m-3.s-1, and the coordinates are measured in meters. Is this a possible
incompressible flow field? Calculate the acceleration of a fluid particle at point (x, y) = (2, 1).

 Ax ˆ Ay
Q12. Consider the velocity field V  i 2 ˆj in the xy plane, where A = 10
 2
x  y 2
  x  y 2

m2/s, and x and y are measured in meters. Is this an incompressible flow field? Derive an
expression for the fluid acceleration. Evaluate the velocity and acceleration along the x axis, the
y axis, and along a line defined by y = x. What can you conclude about this flow field?

Q13.The position of a fluid particle in a Lagrangian system is described as:

x  x0e kt , y  y0e kt ;
Where x0 , y0 and k are constants .  State with proof about the temporal state (steady or unsteady)
of the flow field.

Q14. A three-dimensional velocity field is given by

u ( x, y, z )  cx  2 wo y  uo
v( x, y, z )  cy  vo
w( x, y, z )  2cz  wo
Where c, wo,uo and vo are constants. Find the components of (i) rotational velocity, (ii) vorticity
and (iii) the strain rates for the above flow field.
Q15. Fluid flows at a constant rate of Q through a convergent pipe of length L having inlet and outlet
radii of R1 and R2 respectively. Assuming that the velocity to be axial and uniform at any cross section,
find out the acceleration at the exit.

Fig. 2