ABSTRACT

Pratiwi, Tristy Y. 2014. Effects of Garlic Extract (Allium sativum) on Histology of

Beta Cells Pancreas in Diabetic White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Strain
Wistar. Final Assignment, Faculty of Medicine University of
Muhammadiyah Malang. Advisers: (1)Diah Hermayanti (2)Kusuma
Andriana

Background: Diabetes is marked by elevated levels of blood glucose, and

progressive changes of the structure of pancreatic islet histopathology. Garlic is
rich in antioxidants which help destroy free radicals particles that can damage cell
membranes DNA, and may contribute to hipoglycemia activity due to allicin,
DADS, DATS, and quercetin as prevention of beta cell destruction.
Objective: The objective of this research was to analyse the garlic extract effect
toward to histological changes of beta cells.
Methods: This is an experimental research with the post test only control group
design. Total of 25 male rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) negative control , and
group (2) positif induced streptozotocin single dose 55 mg/kgBW, (3) STZ+garlic
250 mg/kgBW/day, (4) STZ+garlic 500 mg/kgBW/day, (5) STZ+garlic 750
mg/kgBW/day for 14 days. Pancreas was collected for analysis of
histopathological study by hematoxillin-eosin staining method and observation of
beta cells were prepared with light microscopy.
Results: Garlic extract at dose 250 mg/kgBW, 500 mg/kgBW, dan 750 mg/kgBW
significantly improved the percentage of beta cells than positive control. Result of
ANOVA showed significant difference in all group with value of sig. 0.000 (p
<0.05). From correlation and regression test concluded that garlic extract have
effect to improve the persentage of beta cells in diabetic rats, and in the group (5)
showed significant result that 750 mg/kgBW of garlic extract has the highest
effect to improved the beta cells.
Conclusion: These results indicate that garlic extract may help in the prevention of beta cell
destruction.

Keywords : Garlic, Beta Cells, Diabetes Melitus, Streptozotocin.

 ABSTRAK

Pratiwi, Tristy Y. 2014. Pengaruh Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium sativum)

terhadap Histologis Sel Beta Pankreas Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)
Strain Wistar Model Diabetikum. Tugas Akhir, Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Pembimbing: (1)Diah Hermayanti
(2)Kusuma Andriana

Latar belakang: Diabetes ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah, dan
perubahan yang progresif terhadap struktur histopatologi pankreas. Bawang putih
kaya akan antioksidan yang menvegah radikal bebas merusak membran sel DNA,
dan memiliki efek hipoglikemik melalui senyawa allicin, DADS, DATS, dan
quercetin, yang mampu mencegah kerusakan sel beta.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak bawang putih terhadap perubahan
histologi sel beta pankreas.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan metode The
Post Test Only Control Group Design. 25 ekor tikus dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok :
(1) kontrol negatif, dan kelompok (2) positif Induksi Streptozotocin dosis tunggal
55 mg/kgBB, (3) STZ+ ekstrak bawang putih 250 mg/kgBB/hari selama 14 hari,
(4) STZ+ ekstrak bawang putih 500 mg/kgBB/hari selama 14 hari, (5) STZ+
ekstrak bawang putih 750 mg/kgBB/hari selama 14 hari. pewarnaan preparat
pankreas tikus melalui pengecatan Hematoxillin-eosin dan diamati melalui
mikroskop cahaya.
Hasil penelitian dan diskusi: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak bawang
putih dosis 250 mg/kgBB, 500 mg/kgBB, dan 750 mg/kgBB mampu
meningkatkan persentase sel beta jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif. Hasil
uji ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok dengan
nilai sig. 0.000 (p <0.05). Hasil uji korelasi dan regresi menunjukkan bahwa
ekstrak bawang putih mempengaruhi peningkatan persentase sel beta pada tikus
model diabetikum, dan pada kelompok (5) menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan
yakni dosis bawang putih 750 mg/kgBB menunjukkan peningkatan persentase sel
beta yang paling tinggi.
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak bawang putih dapat mencegah kerusakan sel beta.

Kata kunci: Bawang putih, Sel Beta, Diabetes Melitus, Streptozotocin.