Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Overview
A litter of mice with their mother. The reproduction of
mice follows an r-selection strategy, with many
offspring, short gestation, less parental care, and a
short time until sexual maturity.
Continuous spectrum
Application
While usually applied at the level of
species, r/K selection theory is also useful
in studying the evolution of ecological and
life history differences between
subspecies, for instance the African honey
bee, A. m. scutellata, and the Italian bee, A.
m. ligustica.[15] At the other end of the
scale, it has also been used to study the
evolutionary ecology of whole groups of
organisms, such as bacteriophages.[16]
Status
Although r/K selection theory became
widely used during the 1970s,[22][23][24][25] it
also began to attract more critical
attention.[26][27][28][29] In particular, a review
by the ecologist Stephen C. Stearns drew
attention to gaps in the theory, and to
ambiguities in the interpretation of
empirical data for testing it.[30]
See also
Evolutionary game theory
Semelparity and iteroparity
Ruderal species
Trivers–Willard hypothesis
Life history theory
References
1. Pianka, E.R. (1970). "On r and K
selection" (PDF). American Naturalist. 104
(940): 592–597. doi:10.1086/282697 .
2. MacArthur, R.; Wilson, E.O. (1967). The
Theory of Island Biogeography (2001 reprint
ed.). Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-
691-08836-5.
3. For example: Margalef, R. (1959). "Mode
of evolution of species in relation to their
places in ecological succession". XVth
International Congress of Zoology.
4. Roff, Derek A. (1993). Evolution Of Life
Histories: Theory and Analysis . Springer.
ISBN 978-0-412-02391-0.
5. Stearns, Stephen C. (1992). The Evolution
of Life Histories . Oxford University Press.
ISBN 978-0-19-857741-6.
6. Reznick, D; Bryant, MJ; Bashey, F (2002).
"r-and K-selection revisited: the role of
population regulation in life-history
evolution" (PDF). Ecology. 83 (6): 1509–
1520. doi:10.1890/0012-
9658(2002)083[1509:RAKSRT]2.0.CO;2 .
7. Verhulst, P.F. (1838). "Notice sur la loi que
la population pursuit dans son
accroissement" . Corresp. Math. Phys. 10:
113–121.
8. For example: Weinbauer, M.G.; Höfle,
M.G. (1 October 1998). "Distribution and
Life Strategies of Two Bacterial Populations
in a Eutrophic Lake" . Appl. Environ.
Microbiol. 64 (10): 3776–3783.
PMC 106546 . PMID 9758799 .
9. "r and K selection" . University of Miami
Department of Biology. Retrieved February
4, 2011.
10. John H. Duffus; Douglas M. Templeton;
Monica Nordberg (2009). Concepts in
Toxicology . Royal Society of Chemistry.
p. 171. ISBN 978-0-85404-157-2.
11. Hrdy, Sarah Blaffer (2000), "Mother
Nature: Maternal Instincts and How They
Shape the Human Species" (Ballantine
Books)
12. Reluga, T.; Medlock, J.; Galvani, A.
(2009). "The discounted reproductive
number for epidemiology". Mathematical
Biosciences and Engineering. 6 (2): 377–
393. doi:10.3934/mbe.2009.6.377 .
13. Gunderson, Lance H.; Holling, C.S.
(2001). Panarchy: Understanding
Transformations In Human And Natural
Systems . Island Press. ISBN 978-1-55963-
857-9.
14. McNeely, J. A. (1994). "Lessons of the
past: Forests and Biodiversity" . Biodiversity
and Conservation. 3: 3–20.
doi:10.1007/BF00115329 .
15. Fewell, Jennifer H.; Susan M. Bertram
(2002). "Evidence for genetic variation in
worker task performance by African and
European honeybees". Behavioral Ecology
and Sociobiology. 52: 318–25.
doi:10.1007/s00265-002-0501-3 .
16. Keen, E. C. (2014). "Tradeoffs in
bacteriophage life histories" .
Bacteriophage. 4 (1): e28365.
doi:10.4161/bact.28365 . PMC 3942329 .
PMID 24616839 .
17. Ellis, Lee (1987-01-01). "Criminal
behavior and r/k selection: An extension of
gene‐based evolutionary theory" . Deviant
Behavior. 8 (2): 149–176.
doi:10.1080/01639625.1987.9967739 .
ISSN 0163-9625 .
18. Figueredo, Aurelio José; Vásquez,
Geneva; Brumbach, Barbara Hagenah;
Schneider, Stephanie M. R. (2007-03-01).
"The K-factor, Covitality, and personality" .
Human Nature. 18 (1): 47–73.
doi:10.1007/bf02820846 . ISSN 1045-
6767 .
19. Weizmann, Fredric; Wiener, Neil I.;
Wiesenthal, David L.; Ziegler, Michael.
"Differential K theory and racial
hierarchies" . Canadian
Psychology/Psychologie canadienne. 31
(1): 1–13. doi:10.1037/h0078934 .
20. Peregrine, P. "Cross-cultural evaluation
of predicted associations between race and
behavior" . Evolution and Human Behavior.
24 (5): 357–364. doi:10.1016/s1090-
5138(03)00040-0 .
21. VAN BODEGOM, D.; MAY, L.; MEIJ, H. J.;
WESTENDORP, R. G. J. "Regulation of
Human Life Histories: The Role of the
Inflammatory Host Response" . Annals of
the New York Academy of Sciences. 1100
(1): 84–97. doi:10.1196/annals.1395.007 .
22. Gadgil, M.; Solbrig, O.T. (1972). "Concept
of r-selection and K-selection — evidence
from wild flowers and some theoretical
consideration". Am. Nat. 106 (947): 14–31.
doi:10.1086/282748 . JSTOR 2459833 .
23. Long, T.; Long, G. (1974). "Effects of r-
selection and K-selection on components of
variance for 2 quantitative traits" . Genetics.
76 (3): 567–573. PMC 1213086 .
PMID 4208860 .
24. Grahame, J. (1977). "Reproductive effort
and r-selection and K-selection in 2 species
of Lacuna (Gastropoda-Prosobranchia)".
Mar. Biol. 40 (3): 217–224.
doi:10.1007/BF00390877 .
25. Luckinbill, L.S. (1978). "r and K selection
in experimental populations of Escherichia
coli". Science. 202 (4373): 1201–1203.
doi:10.1126/science.202.4373.1201 .
PMID 17735406 .
26. Wilbur, H.M.; Tinkle, D.W.; Collins, J.P.
(1974). "Environmental certainty, trophic
level, and resource availability in life history
evolution". American Naturalist. 108 (964):
805–816. doi:10.1086/282956 .
JSTOR 2459610 .
27. Barbault, R. (1987). "Are still r-selection
and K-selection operative concepts?". Acta
Oecologica-Oecologia Generalis. 8: 63–70.
28. Kuno, E. (1991). "Some strange
properties of the logistic equation defined
with r and K – inherent defects or artifacts".
Researches on Population Ecology. 33: 33–
39. doi:10.1007/BF02514572 .
29. Getz, W.M. (1993). "Metaphysiological
and evolutionary dynamics of populations
exploiting constant and interactive
resources – r-K selection revisited".
Evolutionary Ecology. 7 (3): 287–305.
doi:10.1007/BF01237746 .
30. Stearns, S.C. (1977). "Evolution of life-
history traits – critique of theory and a
review of data" (PDF). Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst.
8: 145–171.
doi:10.1146/annurev.es.08.110177.001045
.
31. Parry, G.D. (March 1981). "The
Meanings of r- and K-selection" . Oecologia.
48 (2): 260–4. doi:10.1007/BF00347974 .
32. Templeton A.R.; Johnson, J.S. (1982).
"Life History Evolution Under Pleiotropy and
K-selection in a Natural Population of
Drosophila mercatorum". In Barker, J.S.F.;
Starmer, W.T. Ecological genetics and
evolution: the cactus-yeast-drosophila
model system . Academic Press. pp. 225–
239. ISBN 978-0-12-078820-0.
33. Snell, Terry W.; King, Charles E.
(December 1977). "Lifespan and Fecundity
Patterns in Rotifers: The Cost of
Reproduction". Evolution. 31 (4): 882–890.
doi:10.2307/2407451 .
34. Taylor, Charles E.; Condra, Cindra
(November 1980). "r- and K-Selection in
Drosophila pseudoobscura". Evolution. 34
(6): 1183–93. doi:10.2307/2408299 .
35. Hollocher, H.; Templeton, A.R. (April
1994). "The molecular through ecological
genetics of abnormal abdomen in
Drosophila mercatorum. VI. The non-
neutrality of the Y chromosome rDNA
polymorphism" . Genetics. 136 (4): 1373–
84. PMC 1205918 . PMID 8013914 .
36. Templeton, A.R.; Hollocher, H.;
Johnston, J.S. (June 1993). "The molecular
through ecological genetics of abnormal
abdomen in Drosophila mercatorum. V.
Female phenotypic expression on natural
genetic backgrounds and in natural
environments" . Genetics. 134 (2): 475–85.
PMC 1205491 . PMID 8325484 .
37. Stearns, S.C. (1992). The Evolution of
Life Histories. Oxford University Press.
ISBN 978-0-19-857741-6.
38. Graves, J. L. (2002). "What a tangled
web he weaves Race, reproductive
strategies and Rushton's life history
theory" . Anthropological Theory. 2 (2): 2
131–154.
doi:10.1177/1469962002002002627 .
39. Gunderson, L. H. and Holling C. S.
(2001) Panarchy: Understanding
Transformations in Human and Natural
Systems Island Press.
ISBN 9781597269391.
40. Stearns, S.C. (1976). "Life history
tactics: a review of the ideas". Quarterly
Review of Biology. 51: 3–47.
doi:10.1086/409052 .
41. Charlesworth, B. (1980). Evolution in
age structured populations. Cambridge, UK:
Cambridge University Press.
Retrieved from
"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=R/K_selection_theory&oldid=817422726"