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Social media usage by students is so rampant recently because of easy access to devices
such as smart phones, i-phones, black berry, tablets, i-pad and laptops which are connected to the
internet. Addiction to the usage of social media has extremely increased in recent times. The
perils of its effects on the academic performance of the over-involved students are disturbing.
Academic performance which is depicted by the grades of students is a great concern student that
spends excessive time on social networks become dependent on it and it is believed that their
academic performance diminishes proportionately. It is perceived that school grades will suffer
when spending too much time on social sites such as Facebook, twitter and 2go as valuable study
time is lost.(Kubey, 2001). These therefore necessitate the study of the impact of social network
for counselling
Social media has exploded as a category of online discourse where people create content,
share it, bookmark it and network at a prodigious rate. Because of its ease of use, speed and
reach, social media is fast changing the public discourse in society and setting trends and agenda
in topics that range from the environment and politics to technology and the entertainment
industry (Asur and Huberman, 2010). In the last ten years, the online world has changed
dramatically, thanks to the invention of social media, young men and women now exchange
ideas, feelings, personal information, pictures and videos at a truly astonishing rate. Seventy-
three percent of wired American teens now use social media websites (Oberst, 2010). Martn
(2008), and Lusk, (2010) share the same concept of social media. To them, social media is the
use of Facebook, blogs, twitter, my space and linked in for the purpose of communication,
sharing photos as well as videos. However for the purpose of this study social media is captured
within the use of internet through facebook, whatsap, twitter, skype, myspace as well as yahoo
messenger for communication sharing of ideas, sharing of photos and videos by users. What
started out as a hobby for some computer literate people has become a social norm and way of
life for people from all over the world (boyd 2007). Teenagers and young adults have especially
embraced these sites as a way to connect with their peers, share information, reinvent their
Different researchers have conducted research to ascertain the influence of social media
academic performance, averred that social media have negative impact on students. According to
the result, the more students use Facebook, the more it affects their academic performance.
Similarly, oye (2012), noted that most of the younger students use social networking sites mainly
for socialising activities, rather than for academic purpose. Oye, (2012) further observed that
most of the students do feel that social networking sites have more positive impact on their
academic performance. In another study conducted by Shana, (2012), it was revealed that
students use social network mainly for making friends and chatting. The result showed that only
26 percent of the students (respondents) indicated that they use social media for academic
purpose.
According to junco (2010), social media are a collection of internet websites, services,
and practices that support collaboration, community building, participation, and sharing. The
growing dimension of the use of social media among the youth of today cannot be over
emphasized. Many researchers such as Choney (2010), san Miguel (2009) and Enriquez (2010),
studies on students’ use of the social media sites revealed a negative effect of the use of social
media sites on students’ academic performance. Nielsen media research study conducted in
June2010 stated that almost 25% of students’ time on the internet is spent on social networking
sites (Jacobsen and Forste 2011). The American educational research association conducted a
research and declared at its annual conference in san Diego California (2009), that social media
users study less and generate lower grade (Abaleta 2014). Social media and Nigeria youth
burden, (2014) stressed the negative effect of giving too much time and undue attention to
online socialization to the detriment of academics. According to the researcher, the 21st century
brought with it the advent of the new media with its fast tracking means of sending and receiving
information via internet in our contemporary society, the new media has gained popularity as its
been used for entertainment, networking and academics. The study noted that, the social media
The study criticized seriously the obsessive attitude of Nigeria youths towards social
media. It pointed out that the rate at which youths devote their quality time in chatting, calls for
urgent attention. The study also observed that some students are always busy pinging and
charting while lectures are on. Time ought to be channelled towards learning, academic research
and innovations have been wasted by the passion of meeting friends and discussing trivial issues,
hence, most students’ academic suffer setbacks as a result of distraction. In the past years, social
media websites have become common; giving young people a new way to interact with each
other and communicate with the world. Social networking became popular between 2004 and
2006, after Facebook and Myspace were created. Facebook, for example has over 500 million
members and it is still growing and approximately 85% of undergraduate students are Facebook
users (Schneide 2009). These numbers are expected to grow since Facebook users will continue
to grow. And this is not only true for Facebook, numbers for Youtube users closely follow as well
English language by making misspelling and new alien jargons the norm, people tends to type
faster on the Internet and this generates a unique behaviour that ignores the importance of proper
language.With the popularity of social networking websites on the rise, our social interaction is
affected in multiple ways as we adapt to our increasingly technological world. The way web
users interact and talk to each other has changed and continues to change. These users now
socialize through the internet and it takes away from the person socialization that has been
around forever. Most of the studies, Choney (2010), San Miguel (2009), Enriquez (2010),
Karpinski and Duberstein (2009), khan (2009), Kubey et al (2010), conducted on students’ use of
the social media sites and its impact on academic performance focused on students in the
developed world.
It is against this background that it has become necessary to conduct this research aimed
to investigate the impact of social media usage on academic performance of secondary school
The rapid advancement of media technology has had a great impact on the way people
communicate on a daily basis. The growing dimension of the use of the social media among the
youth of today cannot be over emphasized. Over the years, social networking among students has
become more and more popular. It is a way to make connections, not only in school but with
friends outside of school. Social networking is a way that helps people feels they belong to a
community. Due to the increased popularly of it, scholar is questioning whether grades of
students in English language will not be affected by how much time is spent on these sites.
The use of technology such as internet is one of the most important factors that can
guardians are worried that students are spending too much time on face book and other social
media sites and have not enough time to study. Though parents are worried about students’
constant use of the social media sites, many students continue to utilize these sites on a daily
basis. It is against this background that this research is being conducted to ascertain the impact of
The general objective of the study was to investigate the impact of social media on
counselling.
1. Investigate the relationship that exists among the independent variables (Whatsapp,
4. To find out differences in the academic performance of male and female students in
secondary school
Research Instrument
The instruments selected for this study is adapted from Media Influence Investor
Survey, Scale developed by Luuk (2000). The instrument contain 35 items which is
divided into five sections, namely section A,B,C, D and E. Section A is made up of five
spend on social media. Section B is made up five items 1-5 measuring the frequency of
the use of the Social Media. Section C is made up five items 6-10 Measuring the type
of social media which students prefer to use for academic exercises. Section D is made
up ten items 11-20 measuring the frequency of performing some activities on the social
media and Section E is made up ten items 21-30 measuring the academic performance
of the students.
The participants were asked to respond to each items ranging Agree to disagree,
Frequently to Rarely, and Yes or No. The questions were arranged according to the
arrangement of the objectives of the study. The respondents were not required to
Demographical variables:
Table 1 Distribution of the respondents by Gender
Gender Frequency Percentage
Male 90 42.9
Table 1: Above showed that 90 (42.9%) of the respondents are males and 120 (57.1%) are
females.
FIGURE 1:Pie chart showing distribution of the respondents by Gender
GENDER
MALE
42.90% FEMALE
57.10%
Table 2: Distribution of the respondents by Age
Above 18 45 21.4
Table 2: Showed that 27 (12.9 %) of the respondents are age 10-14 years. 138 (65.7%)
140
120
100
80 FREQUENCY
Column1
60
40
20
0
10-14 YEARS 15.18 YEARS ABOVE 18
Commercial 80 38.1
Arts 60 28.6
Table 3: Showed that 70 (33.3 %) of the respondents are in Science class. 80 (38.1%)
80
70
60
50
FREQUENCY
40 Column1
30
20
10
0
SCIENCE COMMERCIAL ART
Muslims. 92 43.8
Table 4: Showed that 118 (56.2 %) of the respondents are Christians and 92 (43.8%)
are Muslims.
CHRISTANITY
ISLAM
(50.0%) of the respondents time spend on social media, 52 (24.8%) of the respondents time
spend on social media and 10 (4.8 %) of the respondents time spend on social media.
100
80
60
40
FREQUENCY
20 Column1
0
Y Y Y Y
DA DA DA DA
R R R R
S PE S PE S PE S PE
O UR O UR O UR UR
H H H HO
2 5 10 0
0- 3- 6-
1
OVE
AB
Frequentl Rarel
S/ ITEMS y y Mean S.D
N
Facebook (mean=3.13) ranked highest by the mean score rating, followed by Whatsapp
Ho1: There is no significant impact of social media usage on academic performance among
It is shown in the above table that there is no significant relationship between social media
usage and academic performance among males and females secondary school 2 students in
It is shown in the above table that there is no significant impact of social media usage in
academic performance among urban and rural secondary school 2 students in English Language
DISCUSSIONS
When respondents were asked whether the use of the social media usage has a negative
influence on their academic performance, 189 of the respondents resenting 90% answered Yes
while 21 representing 10% said No. It could be deduced from the result that majority of the
respondents 90% affirmed that the use of social media affect their academic work. This study
confirms MehMood&Taswir’s, (2013) study that the use of technology such as the internet is one
of the factors that can influence students’ performance positively or adversely. This is further
supported by Choney, (2010) and San Miqual (2009) who believe that students’ use of social
The analysis shows that Facebook and Whatsapp are the favourite social media site. This
confirms Schreider’s (2009) assertion that approximately 85% of undergraduate students are
Facebook users. Time spent on social media site per day Response Frequency Percentage
(20.4%) spend 0-2 hours , (50 %) spend 3-5 hours, (24.8 %) spend 6-10 hours and (4.8%) spend
Above 10 hours per day on social media which in this study confirmed that it has negative effect
The study confirms Choney’s (2010), assertion that due to the popularity of social media sites,
economists and Professors are questioning whether grades of students would not be affected by
how much time they spent on these sites. MehMood&Taswir, (2013), further corroborated this
and state that the use of technology such as the internet is one of the most important factors that
The more the use of social media, the less academic performance students. This implies students
that who use the social media sites frequently turnout to perform poorly academically. San
Miguel (2009), focused on the relationship between the use of Facebook and the academic
performance of students.
Conclusion:
This study has demonstrated that the students of secondary school are aware of the social
networking sites and have access to them. Findings also indicated that they are influenced to a
great extent by the social media negatively because attention there is focused on chatting and
music while their academic activities are neglected and left to suffer.
The study was conducted to examine the impact of students’ use of social media sites on their
academic performance. The study revealed that majority of the respondents had mobile phones
with internet facilities and had knowledge of the existence of social media sites. As a result they
visit their social media sites and spend between 0-2 hours per day, 3-5 hours per day, 6-10 hours
per day and above. The hypothesis tested on impact of the social media usage and academic
performance revealed that there is no significant relationship between social media usage and
academic performance. The study further revealed that most respondents use the social media
Recommendation:
1. Students with phones having internet facility should be encouraged to either use it to
supplement their academic work rather than the usual chatting with friends all the time.
2. Students should be advised by the school management, counselors, teachers and parents
to limit the time they spend on social media sites per day and encourage them to rather
substitute those hours to read novels and relevant academic books to improve their
knowledge. Since the study confirmed that the use of social media sites had affected the
academic performance of students negatively, there is the urgent need for the introduction
3. Social networking sites should be expanded and new pages should be created to enhance
4. The students should create a balance between chit-chatting and academic activities. More
5. There should be a decrease in the number of time spent by students when surfing the net
6. School management should provide visual library so as to encourage the students to use
internet for academic work and counselors and others teachers should monitor and guild
Suggestion for further Studies on the impact of social media on academic performance of
Further studies should be conducted to create more pages for research and
thereby avoiding a distraction which leads to deviation from their academic work.
encouragement and should be for both the lecturers and students to meet up with the
academic work. The scheme of work for the academic session should be placed
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