Complete List of Windows 10 Keyboard

Shortcuts and Run Commands

Everyone loves a quick way to get things done in Windows, and using keyboard shortcuts is a great
way to do it. Here’s a comprehensive list for Windows 10.

Everyone loves a quick way to get things done in Windows. If a mouse tends to slow you
down, then here is a comprehensive list of keyboard commands you can use to accomplish
almost any task you would normally use a mouse for.

Function Command
Power menu press Windows key + X or right-click Start
Windows + Tab Launch Windows 10 Task View
Windows + Q Search the web and Windows with Cortana (speech)
Windows + S Search the web and Windows with Cortana (keyboard input)
Windows + I Open Windows 10 settings
Windows + A Open Windows 10 notifications
Windows + L Lock your Windows 10 device
Windows + Ctrl + D Create new virtual desktop
Windows + Ctrl + F4 Close current virtual desktop
Windows + Ctrl + Switch between virtual desktops
[Left][Right]
Windows + Position windows on your screenE.g. Windows + [Left] moves
[Left][Right][Up][Down] the current window to the left half of your screen. If you use
Windows + [Up] afterward, the current window will be placed in
the upper left quarter of your screen.And, what’s very handy in
my opinion: If you release the Windows key after positioning a
window, Task View shows up on the opposite side of the
positioned window to select and position another app.
Windows + H Share content (if supported by current app)
Windows + K Connect to wireless displays and audio devices
Windows + X Open Start button context menu
Windows key + G Starts App recording
Windows + D Show Windows desktop
Windows + E Open File Explorer
Windows + Space Switch keyboard input language (if you have added at least a
second one)
 Windows + Shift + Move current Window from one monitor to another (when using
[Left][Right] a multiple monitor setup)
Windows + Open programs that are pinned to task barE.g. if first pinned
[1][2][3][…] program on your taskbar is Windows Explorer (from left to right);
the shortcut Windows + 1 opens Windows Explorer for you
Windows + R Run a command
Windows + P Project a screen
Alt + Tab Switch to previous window
Alt + Space Restore, move, size, minimize, maximize or close current
window. Also works like a charm for Windows 10 modern apps.
Alt + F4 a) Close current window. b) If you’re on your Windows 10
desktop, open Power dialogue to shut down or restart Windows,
put your device in sleep mode, or sign out or switch the current
user.
CTRL + SHIFT + ESC Open Task Manager
Alt + underlined menu Open menu or program. Example, to open the Edit menu in
WordPad, press Alt then press E on your keyboard. Repeat the
same step for the menu you want to open.

General Windows keyboard shortcuts

Function Command
Access help system in an application F1
Activate menu bar F10
Close a program Alt + F4
Close current window in Multiple Document CTRL + F4
interface based programs
Access right click menu in application Shift + F10
Launch Start menu Ctrl + ESC or Windows key
Cut CTRL + X
Copy CTRL + C
Paste CTRL + V
Delete DEL
Undo CTRL + Z
System Properties Windows key + Pause/Break
Bypass auto-play when an external storage Hold down SHIFT key while inserting
device is connected storage device

Desktop, My Computer, and File Explorer

For selected items, you can use the following shortcuts:

Function Command
 Search CTRL + F or F3
Rename an item F2
Delete a folder or files permanently SHIFT + DEL
Access properties of a file or folder ALT + ENTER or ALT + double-click
Copy a file CTRL key while dragging file
Create a shortcut CTRL + SHIFT while dragging file
Select All CTRL + A
Refresh contents of window F5
View the folder one level up Backspace key
Close the selected folder and its parent SHIFT key while clicking the close button
folders
Switch between left and right panes F6

File Explorer commands

Function Command
Switch between left and right panes F6
Expand all subfolders under the selected NUMLOCK + ASTERISK when using a
folder numeric keyboard
Expand the selected folder NUMLOCK + PLUS sign when using a
numeric keyboard
Collapse the selected folder NUMLOCK + MINUS sign when using a
numeric keyboard
Expand current selection if it’s collapsed, Right arrow
otherwise select first subfolder
Collapse current selection if it’s expanded, Left arrow
otherwise select parent folder

Properties dialog commands

Function Command
Move forward through options Tab key
Move backward through options SHIFT + Tab
Move forward through tabs CTRL + Tab
Move backward through tabs CTRL + SHIFT + TAB

Open and Save dialog commands

Function Command
Open the Save In and address bar CTRL + O and F4
Refresh F5
Open the folder one level up, if a folder is BACKSPACE
selected
Windows 10 Command Prompt keyboard commands

Text Selection

Function Command
SHIFT + LEFT ARROW Moves the cursor to the left one character, extending
the selection
SHIFT + RIGHT ARROW Moves the cursor to the right one character, extending
the selection
SHIFT + UP ARROW Selects text up line by line starting from the location of
the insertion point
SHIFT + DOWN ARROW Extends text selection down one line, starting at the
location of the insertion point
SHIFT + END If cursor is in current line being edited* First time
extends selection to the last character in the input
line.* Second consecutive press extends selection to
the right margin; or else Selects text from the insertion
point to the right margin.
SHIFT + HOME If cursor is in current line being edited* First time
extends selection to the character immediately after
the command prompt.* Second consecutive press
extends selection to the left margin; or else Extends
selection to the left margin.
SHIFT + PAGE DOWN Extends selection down one screen
SHIFT + PAGE UP Extends selection up one screen
CTRL + SHIFT + RIGHT Extends the selection one word to the right
ARROW
CTRL + SHIFT + LEFT Extends the selection one word to the left
ARROW
CTRL + SHIFT + HOME Extend selection to the beginning of the screen buffer
CTRL + SHIFT + END Extend selection to the end of the screen buffer
CTRL + A If cursor is in current line being edited (from first typed
char to last type char) and line is not empty, and any
selection cursor is also within the line being edited
Selects all text after the prompt (phase 1); or else
Selects the entire buffer (phase 2)

Edit commands
Function Command
CTRL + V Paste text into the command line
SHIFT + INS Paste text into the command line
CTRL + C Copy selected text to the clipboard
CTRL + INS Copy selected text to the clipboard
 Function Command
CTRL + M Enter “Mark Mode” to move cursor within window
ALT In conjunction with one of the selection key
combinations, begins selection in block mode
ARROW KEYS Move cursor in the direction specified
PAGE KEYS Move cursor by one page in the direction specified
CTRL + HOME Move cursor to beginning of buffer
CTRL + END Move cursor to end of buffer

History navigation keys

Function Command
CTRL + UP ARROW Moves up one line in the output history
CTRL + DOWN ARROW Moves down one line in the output history
CTRL + PAGE UP Moves up one page in the output history
CTRL + PAGE DOWN Moves down one page in the output history

Additional commands
Function Command
CTRL + F Opens “Find” in console dialog
ALT + F4 Close the console window, of course!

Keyboard Run Commands

Use the following to access locations such as Control Panel items, File Explorer shell folders
quickly using the run command.

Opens Press Windows + R and type:

Open Documents Folder documents
Open Videos folder videos
Open Downloads Folder downloads
Open Favorites Folder favorites
Open Recent Folder recent
Open Pictures Folder pictures
Adding a new Device devicepairingwizard
About Windows dialog winver
Add Hardware Wizard hdwwiz
Advanced User Accounts netplwiz
Advanced User Accounts azman.msc
Backup and Restore sdclt
Bluetooth File Transfer fsquirt
Calculator calc
Certificates certmgr.msc
Change Computer Performance Settings systempropertiesperformance
Change Data Execution Prevention systempropertiesdataexecutionprevention
Settings
Change Data Execution Prevention printui
Settings
Character Map charmap
ClearType Tuner cttune
Color Management colorcpl
Command Prompt cmd
Component Services comexp.msc
Component Services dcomcnfg
Computer Management compmgmt.msc
Computer Management compmgmtlauncher
Connect to a Projector displayswitch
Control Panel control
Create A Shared Folder Wizard shrpubw
Create a System Repair Disc recdisc
Data Execution Prevention systempropertiesdataexecutionprevention
Date and Time timedate.cpl
Default Location locationnotifications
Device Manager devmgmt.msc
Device Manager hdwwiz.cpl
Device Pairing Wizard devicepairingwizard
Diagnostics Troubleshooting Wizard msdt
Digitizer Calibration Tool tabcal
DirectX Diagnostic Tool dxdiag
Disk Cleanup cleanmgr
Disk Defragmenter dfrgui
Disk Management diskmgmt.msc
Display dpiscaling
Display Color Calibration dccw
Display Switch displayswitch
DPAPI Key Migration Wizard dpapimig
Driver Verifier Manager verifier
Ease of Access Center utilman
EFS Wizard rekeywiz
Event Viewer eventvwr.msc
Fax Cover Page Editor fxscover
File Signature Verification sigverif
Font Viewer fontview
Game Controllers joy.cpl
IExpress Wizard iexpress
Internet Explorer iexplore
Internet Options inetcpl.cpl
iSCSI Initiator Configuration Tool iscsicpl
Language Pack Installer lpksetup
Local Group Policy Editor gpedit.msc
Local Security Policy secpol.msc
Local Users and Groups lusrmgr.msc
Location Activity locationnotifications
Magnifier magnify
Malicious Software Removal Tool mrt
Manage Your File Encryption Certificates rekeywiz
Microsoft Management Console mmc
Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool msdt
Mouse main.cpl
NAP Client Configuration napclcfg.msc
Narrator narrator
Network Connections ncpa.cpl
New Scan Wizard wiaacmgr
Notepad notepad
ODBC Data Source Administrator odbcad32
ODBC Driver Configuration odbcconf
On-Screen Keyboard osk
Paint mspaint
Pen and Touch tabletpc.cpl
People Near Me collab.cpl
Performance Monitor perfmon.msc
Performance Options systempropertiesperformance
Phone and Modem telephon.cpl
Phone Dialer dialer
Power Options powercfg.cpl
Presentation Settings presentationsettings
Print Management printmanagement.msc
Printer Migration printbrmui
Printer User Interface printui
Private Character Editor eudcedit
Problem Steps Recorder psr
Programs and Features appwiz.cpl
Protected Content Migration dpapimig
Region and Language intl.cpl
Registry Editor regedit
Registry Editor 32 regedt32
Remote Access Phonebook rasphone
Remote Desktop Connection mstsc
Resource Monitor resmon
Resultant Set of Policy rsop.msc
SAM Lock Tool syskey
Screen Resolution desk.cpl
Securing the Windows Account Database syskey
Services services.msc
Set Program Access and Computer computerdefaults
Defaults
Share Creation Wizard shrpubw
Shared Folders fsmgmt.msc
Signout logoff
Snipping Tool snippingtool
Sound mmsys.cpl
Sound recorder soundrecorder
SQL Server Client Network Utility cliconfg
Sticky Notes stikynot
Stored User Names and Passwords credwiz
Sync Center mobsync
System Configuration msconfig
System Configuration Editor sysedit
System Information msinfo32
System Properties sysdm.cpl
System Properties (Advanced Tab) systempropertiesadvanced
System Properties (Computer Name Tab) systempropertiescomputername
System Properties (Hardware Tab) systempropertieshardware
System Properties (Remote Tab) systempropertiesremote
System Properties (System Protection systempropertiesprotection
Tab)
System Restore rstrui
Task Manager taskmgr
Task Scheduler taskschd.msc
Trusted Platform Module (TPM) tpm.msc
Management
Turn Windows features on or off optionalfeatures
User Account Control Settings useraccountcontrolsettings
Utility Manager utilman
Volume Mixer sndvol
Windows Action Center wscui.cpl
Windows Activation Client slui
Windows Anytime Upgrade Results windowsanytimeupgraderesults
 Windows Disc Image Burning Tool isoburn
Windows Explorer explorer
Windows Fax and Scan wfs
Windows Firewall firewall.cpl
Windows Firewall with Advanced Security wf.msc
Windows Journal journal
Windows Media Player wmplayer
Windows Memory Diagnostic Scheduler mdsched
Windows Mobility Center mblctr
Windows Picture Acquisition Wizard wiaacmgr
Windows PowerShell powershell
Windows PowerShell ISE powershell_ise
Windows Remote Assistance msra
Windows Repair Disc recdisc
Windows Script Host wscript
Windows Update wuapp
Windows Update Standalone Installer wusa
Versione Windows winver
WMI Management wmimgmt.msc
WordPad write
XPS Viewer xpsrchvw

The name and terminology used for certain commands and functions have been revised in
Windows 10, along with their locations. The following table provides how you can find and
access them.

Original Name New Name, Location, and Functions

Windows Explorer File Explorer – (Press Windows key + E to launch)
Favorites Navigation Quick Access
Pane (Windows
Explorer)
Folder options Options (Files Explorer > View tab > Options)
Recent Items Located in File Explorer > This PC > Recent Files
Computer or My This PC
Computer
Control Panel Settings (classic Control Panel can still be accessed –
Windows key + X then click Control Panel)
View Available Network Flyout – Notification or Show Available Networks
Networks (Settings > Network & Internet > Wi-Fi > Additional settings
 Action Center

Located in the System

Tray; Manage incoming email, system, social media
notifications
Start menu Start
Task View

Create and Manage multiple

desktops
Aero Snap Snap Assist – easily manage open windows on screen
All Programs All Apps
Shutdown/Turn off Power
computer
Switch Users Located at the top of the Start represented by your account
name

There’s a lot here to remember, so make sure to bookmark this page so you can keep coming
back to refresh your memory or learn new shortcuts you haven’t used before.

Are you a Keyboard Kung Fu practitioner? What are your favorite key combos that you use?
Leave a comment below and let us know.

https://community.sophos.com/kb/en-us/13195

Windows 7 Command Prompt

Commands
A Complete List of CMD Commands Available in Windows 7
The Command Prompt in Windows 7 provides access to over 230 commands! The commands available
in Windows 7 are used to automate processes, create batch files, and perform troubleshooting and
diagnostic tasks.

Note: Many Windows 7 Command Prompt commands are similar to classic MS-DOS commands.
However, the Command Prompt is not MS-DOS and the commands are not MS-DOS commands

If you're interested in why a command was removed or when it was first available, you can see every
command from MS-DOS through Windows 8 in our list of Command Prompt commands or skip the
details and see it all in our one-page table here.

Below is a complete list of commands, sometimes called CMD commands, available from the Command
Prompt in Windows 7:

Command Description
The append command can be used by programs to open files in another directory as
Append if they were located in the current directory. The append command is not available
in 64-bit versions of Windows 7.
Arp The arp command is used to display or change entries in the ARP cache.
The assoc command is used to display or change the file type associated with a
Assoc
particular file extension.
The at command is used to schedule commands and other programs to run at a
At
specific date and time.
Attrib The attrib command is used to change the attributes of a single file or a directory.
Auditpol The auditpol command is used to display or change audit policies.
The bcdboot command is used to copy boot files to the system partition and to create
Bcdboot
a new system BCD store.
Bcdedit The bcdedit command is used to view or make changes to Boot Configuration Data.
The bdehdcfg command is sued to prepare a hard drive for BitLocker Drive
Bdehdcfg
Encryption.
The bitsadmin command is used to create, manage, and monitor download and
Bitsadmin upload jobs. While the bitsadmin command is available in Windows 7, it is being
phased out. The BITS PowerShell cmdlets should be used instead.
The bootcfg command is used to build, modify, or view the contents of the boot.ini
file, a hidden file that is used to identify in what folder, on which partition, and on
Bootcfg which hard drive Windows is located. Bootcfg is available in Windows 7 but it
serves no real value since boot.ini is not used in these operating systems. The
bcdedit command should be used instead.
The bootsect command is used to configure the master boot code to one compatible
Bootsect with BOOTMGR (Windows 7) or NTLDR (Windows XP and earlier). The bootsect
command is only from the Command Prompt available in System Recovery Options.
 The break command sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking on DOS systems.
Break The break command is available in Windows 7 to provide compatibility with MS-
DOS files but it has no effect in Windows itself.
The cacls command is used to display or change access control lists of files. The
Cacls cacls command is being phased out in favor of the icacls command, which should be
used instead.
The call command is used to run a script or batch program from within another
script or batch program. The call command has no effect outside of a script or batch
Call
file. In other words, running the call command at the Command Prompt or MS-DOS
prompt will do nothing.
Cd The cd command is the shorthand version of the chdir command.
The certreq command is used to perform various certification authority (CA)
Certreq
certificate functions.
The certutil command is used to dump and display certification authority (CA)
Certutil
configuration information in addition to other CA functions.
The change command changes various terminal server settings like install modes,
Change
COM port mappings, and logons.
Chcp The chcp command displays or configures the active code page number.
The chdir command is used to display the drive letter and folder that you are
Chdir currently in. Chdir can also be used to change the drive and/or directory that you
want to work in.
The chglogon command enables, disables, or drains terminal server session logins.
Chglogon
Executing the chglogon command is the same as executing change logon.
The chgport command can be used to display or change COM port mappings for
Chgport DOS compatibility. Executing the chgport command is the same as executing
change port.
The chgusr command is used to change the install mode for the terminal server.
Chgusr
Executing the chgusr command is the same as executing change user.
The chkdsk command, often referred to as check disk, is used to identify and correct
Chkdsk
certain hard drive errors.
The chkntfs command is used to configure or display the checking of the disk drive
Chkntfs
during the Windows boot process.
The choice command is used within a script or batch program to provide a list of
Choice
choices and return the value of that choice to the program.
The cipher command shows or changes the encryption status of files and folders on
Cipher
NTFS partitions.
The clip command is used to redirect the output from any command to the clipboard
Clip
in Windows.
The cls command clears the screen of all previously entered commands and other
Cls
text.
Cmd The cmd command starts a new instance of the cmd.exe command interpreter.
The cmdkey command is used to show, create, and remove stored user names and
Cmdkey
passwords.
Cmstp The cmstp command installs or uninstalls a Connection Manager service profile.
The color command is used to change the colors of the text and background within
Color
the Command Prompt window.
The command command starts a new instance of the command.com command
Command interpreter. The command command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows
7.
Comp The comp command is used to compare the contents of two files or sets of files.
The compact command is used to show or change the compression state of files and
Compact
directories on NTFS partitions.
The convert command is used to convert FAT or FAT32 formatted volumes to the
Convert
NTFS format.
The copy command does simply that - it copies one or more files from one location
Copy to another. The xcopy command is considered to be a more "powerful" version of
the copy command.
The cscript command is used to execute scripts via Microsoft Script Host. The
Cscript cscript command is most popularly used to manage printers from the command line
using scripts like prncnfg.vbs, prndrvr.vbs, prnmngr.vbs, and others.
Date The date command is used to show or change the current date.
The debug command starts Debug, a command line application used to test and edit
Debug
programs. The debug command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows 7.
The defrag command is used to defragment a drive you specify. The defrag
Defrag
command is the command line version of Microsoft's Disk Defragmenter.
The del command is used to delete one or more files. The del command is the same
Del
as the erase command.
The diantz command is used to losslessly compress one or more files. The diantz
Diantz command is sometimes called Cabinet Maker. The diantz command is the same as
the makecab command.
The dir command is used to display a list of files and folders contained inside the
folder that you are currently working in. The dir command also displays other
Dir
important information like the hard drive's serial number, the total number of files
listed, their combined size, the total amount of free space left on the drive, and more.
Diskcomp The diskcomp command is used to compare the contents of two floppy disks.
The diskcopy command is used to copy the entire contents of one floppy disk to
Diskcopy
another.
Diskpart The diskpart command is used to create, manage, and delete hard drive partitions.
Diskperf The diskperf command is used to manage disk performance counters remotely.
 The diskraid command starts the DiskRAID tool which is used to manage and
Diskraid
configure RAID arrays.
The dism command starts the Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Dism
(DISM). The DISM tool is used to manage features in Windows images.
The dispdiag command is used to output a log of information about the display
Dispdiag
system.
Djoin The djoin command is used to create a new computer account in a domain.
The doskey command is used to edit command lines, create macros, and recall
Doskey
previously entered commands.
The dosx command is used to start DOS Protected Mode Interface (DPMI), a
special mode designed to give MS-DOS applications access to more than the
Dosx normally allowed 640 KB. The dosx command is not available in 64-bit versions of
Windows 7. The dosx command and DPMI is only available in Windows 7 to
support older MS-DOS programs.
Driverquery The driverquery command is used to show a list of all installed drivers.
The echo command is used to show messages, most commonly from within script or
Echo batch files. The echo command can also be used to turn the echoing feature on or
off.
The edit command starts the MS-DOS Editor tool which is used to create and
Edit modify text files. The edit command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows
7.
The edlin command starts the Edlin tool which is used to create and modify text files
Edlin from the command line. The edlin command is not available in 64-bit versions of
Windows 7.
The endlocal command is used to end the localization of environment changes inside
Endlocal
a batch or script file.
The erase command is used to delete one or more files. The erase command is the
Erase
same as the del command.
Esentutl The esentutl command is used to manage Extensible Storage Engine databases.
Eventcreate The eventcreate command is used to create a custom event in an event log.
The exe2bin command is used to convert a file of the EXE file type (executable file)
Exe2bin to a binary file. The exe2bin command is not available in any 64-bit version of
Windows 7.
The exit command is used to end the cmd.exe (Windows) or command.com (MS-
Exit
DOS) session that you're currently working in.
The expand command is used to extract the files and folders contained in Microsoft
Expand
Cabinet (CAB) files.
The extrac32 command is used to extract the files and folders contained in Microsoft
Extrac32
Cabinet (CAB) files. The extrac32 command is actually a CAB extraction program
 for use by Internet Explorer but can be used to extract any Microsoft Cabinet file.
Use the expand command instead of the extrac32 command if possible.
The fastopen command is used to add a program's hard drive location to a special
list stored in memory, potentially improving the program's launch time by removing
Fastopen the need for MS-DOS to locate the application on the drive. The fastopen command
is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows 7. Fastopen is only available in
Windows 7 to support older MS-DOS files.
The fc command is used to compare two individual or sets of files and then show the
Fc
differences between them.
Find The find command is used to search for a specified text string in one or more files.
Findstr The findstr command is used to find text string patterns in one or more files.
The finger command is used to return information about one or more users on a
Finger
remote computer that's running the Finger service.
The fltmc command is used to load, unload, list, and otherwise manage Filter
Fltmc
drivers.
The for command is used to run a specified command for each file in a set of files.
For
The for command is most often used within a batch or script file.
The forfiles command selects one or more files to execute a specified command on.
Forfiles
The forfiles command is most often used within a batch or script file.
The format command is used to format a drive in the file system that you specify.
Format
Drive formatting is also available from Disk Management.
The fsutil command is used to perform various FAT and NTFS file system tasks like
Fsutil managing reparse points and sparse files, dismounting a volume, and extending a
volume.
The ftp command can used to transfer files to and from another computer. The
Ftp
remote computer must be operating as an FTP server.
Ftype The ftype command is used to define a default program to open a specified file type.
The getmac command is used to display the media access control (MAC) address of
Getmac
all the network controllers on a system.
The goto command is used in a batch or script file to direct the command process to
Goto
a labeled line in the script.
Gpresult The gpresult command is used to display Group Policy settings.
Gpupdate The gpupdate command is used to update Group Policy settings.
The graftabl command is used to enable the ability of Windows to display an
Graftabl extended character set in graphics mode. The graftabl command is not available in
64-bit versions of Windows 7.
The graphics command is used to load a program that can print graphics. The
Graphics
graphics command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows 7.
The help command provides more detailed information on any of the other
Help
Command Prompt or MS-DOS commands.
Hostname The hostname command displays the name of the current host.
The hwrcomp command is used to compile custom dictionaries for handwriting
Hwrcomp
recognition.
The hwrreg command is used to install a previously compiled custom dictionary for
Hwrreg
handwriting recognition.
The icacls command is used to display or change access control lists of files. The
Icacls
icacls command is an updated version of the cacls command.
If The if command is used to perform conditional functions in a batch file.
The ipconfig command is used to display detailed IP information for each network
Ipconfig adapter utilizing TCP/IP. The ipconfig command can also be used to release and
renew IP addresses on systems configured to receive them via a DHCP server.
Irftp The irftp command is used to transmit files over an infrared link.
Iscsicli The iscsicli command starts the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator, used to manage iSCSI.
The kb16 command is used to support MS-DOS files that need to configure a
keyboard for a specific language. The kb16 command is not available in 64-bit
Kb16
versions of Windows 7. The kb16 command only exists to support older MS-DOS
files.
The klist command is used to list Kerberos service tickets. The klist command can
Klist
also be used to purge Kerberos tickets.
Ksetup The ksetup command is used to configure connections to a Kerberos server.
Ktmutil The ktmutil command starts the Kernel Transaction Manager utility.
Label The label command is used to manage the volume label of a disk.
The loadfix command is used to load the specified program in the first 64K of
Loadfix memory and then runs the program. The loadfix command is not available in 64-bit
versions of Windows 7.
The lodctr command is used to update registry values related to performance
Lodctr
counters.
The logman command is used to create and manage Event Trace Session and
Logman Performance logs. The logman command also supports many functions of
Performance Monitor.
Logoff The logoff command is used to terminate a session.
The lpq command displays the status of a print queue on a computer running Line
Printer Daemon (LPD). The lpq command is not available by default in Windows 7
Lpq
but can be enabled by turning on the LPD Print Service and LPR Port Monitor
features from Programs and Features in Control Panel.
The lpr command is used to send a file to a computer running Line Printer Daemon
(LPD). The lpr command is not available by default in Windows 7 but can be
Lpr
enabled by turning on the LPD Print Service and LPR Port Monitor features from
Programs and Features in Control Panel.
 The makecab command is used to losslessly compress one or more files. The
Makecab makecab command is sometimes called Cabinet Maker. The makecab command is
the same as the diantz command.
The manage-bde command is used to configure BitLocker Drive Encryption from
Manage-bde
the command line.
Md The md command is the shorthand version of the mkdir command.
The mem command shows information about used and free memory areas and
Mem programs that are currently loaded into memory in the MS-DOS subsystem. The
mem command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows 7.
Mkdir The mkdir command is used to create a new folder.
Mklink The mklink command is used to create a symbolic link.
The mode command is used to configure system devices, most often COM and LPT
Mode
ports.
Mofcomp abc
The more command is used to display the information contained in a text file. The
More more command can also be used to paginate the results of any other Command
Prompt or MS-DOS command.
The mount command is used to mount Network File System (NFS) network shares.
The mount command is not available by default in Windows 7 but can be enabled by
Mount
turning on the Services for NFS Windows feature from Programs and Features in
Control Panel.
Mountvol The mountvol command is used to display, create, or remove volume mount points.
The move command is used to move one or files from one folder to another. The
Move
move command is also used to rename directories.
The mrinfo command is used to provide information about a router's interfaces and
Mrinfo
neighbors.
Msg The msg command is used to send a message to a user.
The msiexec command is used to start Windows Installer, a tool used to install and
Msiexec
configure software.
The muiunattend command starts the Multilanguage User Interface unattended setup
Muiunattend
process.
The nbtstat command is used to show TCP/IP information and other statistical
Nbtstat
information about a remote computer.
The net command is used to display, configure, and correct a wide variety of
Net
network settings.
The net1 command is used to display, configure, and correct a wide variety of
network settings. The net command should be used instead of the net1 command.
Net1 The net1 command was made available in Windows NT and Windows 2000 as a
temporary fix for a Y2K issue that the net command had, which was corrected
before the release of Windows XP. The net1 command remains in later versions of
 Windows only for compatibility with older programs and scripts that utilized the
command.
The netcfg command is used to install the Windows Preinstallation Environment
Netcfg
(WinPE), a lightweight version of Windows used to deploy workstations.
The netsh command is used to start Network Shell, a command-line utility used to
Netsh
manage the network configuration of the local, or a remote, computer.
The netstat command is most commonly used to display all open network
Netstat
connections and listening ports.
The nfsadmin command is used to manage Server for NFS or Client for NFS from
the command line. The nfsadmin command is not available by default in Windows 7
Nfsadmin but can be enabled by turning on the Services for NFS Windows feature from
Programs and Features in Control Panel. The nfsadmin command is not available in
Windows 8 because Service for UNIX (SFU) was discontinued.
The nlsfunc command is used to load information specific to a particular country or
Nlsfunc region. The nlsfunc command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows 7.
Nlsfunc is only available in Windows 7 to support older MS-DOS files.
The nltest command is used to test secure channels between Windows computers in
Nltest
a domain and between domain controllers that are trusting other domains.
The nslookup is most commonly used to display the hostname of an entered IP
Nslookup address. The nslookup command queries your configured DNS server to discover
the IP address.
The ocsetup command starts the Windows Optional Component Setup tool, used to
Ocsetup
install additional Windows features.
The openfiles command is used to display and disconnect open files and folders on a
Openfiles
system.
The path command is used to display or set a specific path available to executable
Path
files.
The pathping command functions much like the tracert command but will also report
Pathping
information about network latency and loss at each hop.
The pause command is used within a batch or script file to pause the processing of
Pause the file. When the pause command is used, a "Press any key to continue…" message
displays in the command window.
The ping command sends an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo
Ping
Request message to a specified remote computer to verify IP-level connectivity.
The pkgmgr command is used to start the Windows Package Manager from the
Pkgmgr Command Prompt. Package Manager installs, uninstalls, configures, and updates
features and packages for Windows.
The pnpunattend command is used to automate the installation of hardware device
Pnpunattend
drivers.
The pnputil command is used to start the Microsoft PnP Utility, a tool used to install
Pnputil
a Plug and Play device from the command line.
 The popd command is used to change the current directory to the one most recently
Popd stored by the pushd command. The popd command is most often utilized from
within a batch or script file.
The powercfg command is used to manage the Windows power management
Powercfg
settings from the command line.
The print command is used to print a specified text file to a specified printing
Print
device.
The prompt command is used to customize the appearance of the prompt text in
Prompt
Command Prompt or MS-DOS.
The pushd command is used to store a directory for use, most commonly from
Pushd
within a batch or script program.
The qappsrv command is used to display all Remote Desktop Session Host servers
Qappsrv
available on the network.
Qprocess The qprocess command is used to display information about running processes.
Query The query command is used to display the status of a specified service.
The quser command is used to display information about users currently logged on
Quser
to the system.
The qwinsta command is used to display information about open Remote Desktop
Qwinsta
Sessions.
The rasautou command is used to manage Remote Access Dialer AutoDial
Rasautou
addresses.
The rasdial command is used to start or end a network connection for a Microsoft
Rasdial
client.
The rcp command is used to copy files between a Windows computer and a system
running the rshd daemon. The rcp command is not available by default in Windows
Rcp 7 but can be enabled by turning on the Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications
Windows feature from Programs and Features in Control Panel and then installing
the Utilities and SDK for UNIX-based Applications available here.
Rd The rd command is the shorthand version of the rmdir command.
Rdpsign The rdpsign command is used to sign a Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) file.
The reagentc command is used to configure the Windows Recovery Environment
Reagentc
(RE).
Recover The recover command is used to recover readable data from a bad or defective disk.
The reg command is used to manage the Windows Registry from the command line.
Reg The reg command can perform common registry functions like adding registry keys,
exporting the registry, etc.
The regini command is used to set or change registry permissions and registry
Regini
values from the command line.
The regsvr32 command is used to register a DLL file as a command component in
Regsvr32
the Windows Registry.
 The relog command is used to create new performance logs from data in existing
Relog
performance logs.
Rem The rem command is used to record comments or remarks in a batch or script file.
Ren The ren command is the shorthand version of the rename command.
The rename command is used to change the name of the individual file that you
Rename
specify.
The repair-bde command is used to repair or decrypt a damaged drive that's been
Repair-bde
encrypted using BitLocker.
The replace command is used to replace one or more files with one or more other
Replace
files.
The reset command, executed as reset session, is used to reset the session subsystem
Reset
software and hardware to known initial values.
Rmdir The rmdir command is used to delete an existing or completely empty folder.
The robocopy command is used to copy files and directories from one location to
another. This command is also called Robust File Copy. The robocopy command is
Robocopy
superior to the both the copy command and the xcopy command because robocopy
supports many more options.
Route The route command is used to manipulate network routing tables.
The rpcinfo command makes a remote procedure call (RPC) to an RPC server and
reports what it finds. The rpcinfo command is not available by default in Windows 7
Rpcinfo
but can be enabled by turning on the Services for NFS Windows feature from
Programs and Features in Control Panel.
Rpcping The rpcping command is used to ping a server using RPC.
The rsh command is used to run commands on remote computers running the rsh
daemon. The rsh command is not available by default in Windows 7 but can be
Rsh enabled by turning on the Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications Windows
feature from Programs and Features in Control Panel and then installing the Utilities
and SDK for UNIX-based Applications available here.
Runas The runas command is used to execute a program using another user's credentials.
Rwinsta The rwinsta command is the shorthand version of the reset session command.
The sc command is used to configure information about services. The sc command
Sc
communicates with the Service Control Manager.
The schtasks command is used to schedule specified programs or commands to run a
Schtasks certain times. The schtasks command can be used to create, delete, query, change,
run, and end scheduled tasks.
Sdbinst The sdbinst command is used to deploy customized SDB database files.
The secedit command is used to configure and analyze system security by
Secedit
comparing the current security configuration to a template.
The set command is used to display, enable, or disable environment variables in
Set
MS-DOS or from the Command Prompt.
 The setlocal command is used to start the localization of environment changes inside
Setlocal
a batch or script file.
The setspn command is used to manage the Service Principal Names (SPN) for an
Setspn
Active Directory (AD) service account.
The setver command is used to set the MS-DOS version number that MS-DOS
Setver reports to a program. The setver command is not available in 64-bit versions of
Windows 7.
The setx command is used to create or change environment variables in the user
Setx
environment or the system environment.
The sfc command is used to verify and replace important Windows system files. The
Sfc sfc command is also referred to as System File Checker or Windows Resource
Checker depending on the operating system.
Shadow The shadow command is used to monitor another Remote Desktop Services session.
The share command is used to install file locking and file sharing functions in MS-
Share DOS. The share command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows 7. Share is
only available in Windows 7 to support older MS-DOS files.
The shift command is used to change the position of replaceable parameters in a
Shift
batch or script file.
The showmount command is used to display information about NFS mounted file
systems. The showmount command is not available by default in Windows 7 but can
Showmount
be enabled by turning on the Services for NFS Windows feature from Programs and
Features in Control Panel.
The shutdown command can be used to shut down, restart, or log off the current
Shutdown
system or a remote computer.
The sort command is used to read data from a specified input, sort that data, and
Sort return the results of that sort to the Command Prompt screen, a file, or another
output device.
The start command is used to open a new command line window to run a specified
Start program or command. The start command can also be used to start an application
without creating a new window.
The subst command is used to associate a local path with a drive letter. The subst
Subst command is a lot like the net use command except a local path is used instead of a
shared network path.
The sxstrace command is used to start the WinSxs Tracing Utility, a programming
Sxstrace
diagnostic tool.
The systeminfo command is used to display basic Windows configuration
Systeminfo
information for the local or a remote computer.
The takedown command is used to regain access to a file that that an administrator
Takeown
was denied access to when reassigning ownership of the file.
The taskkill command is used to terminate a running task. The taskkill command is
Taskkill
the command line equivalent of ending a process in Task Manager in Windows.
 Displays a list of applications, services, and the Process ID (PID) currently running
Tasklist
on either a local or a remote computer.
The tcmsetup command is used to setup or disable the Telephony Application
Tcmsetup
Programming Interface (TAPI) client.
The telnet command is used to communicate with remote computers that use the
Telnet protocol. The telnet command is not available by default in Windows 7 but
Telnet
can be enabled by turning on the Telnet Client Windows feature from Programs and
Features in Control Panel.
The tftp command is used to transfer files to and from a remote computer that's
running the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) service or daemon. The tftp
Tftp
command is not available by default in Windows 7 but can be enabled by turning on
the TFTP Client Windows feature from Programs and Features in Control Panel.
Time The time command is used to show or change the current time.
The timeout command is typically used in a batch or script file to provide a specified
Timeout timeout value during a procedure. The timeout command can also be used to ignore
keypresses.
Title The title command is used to set the Command Prompt window title.
The tlntadmn command is used to administer a local or remote computer running
Telnet Server. The tlntadmn command is not available by default in Windows 7 but
Tlntadmn
can be enabled by turning on the Telnet Server Windows feature from Programs and
Features in Control Panel.
The tracerpt command is used to process event trace logs or real-time data from
Tracerpt
instrumented event trace providers.
The tracert command sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo
Request messages to a specified remote computer with increasing Time to Live
Tracert
(TTL) field values and displays the IP address and hostname, if available, of the
router interfaces between the source and destination.
The tree command is used to graphically display the folder structure of a specified
Tree
drive or path.
Tscon The tscon command is used to attach a user session to a Remote Desktop session.
Tsdiscon The tsdiscon command is used to disconnect a Remote Desktop session.
Tskill The tskill command is used to end the specified process.
Type The type command is used to display the information contained in a text file.
The typerperf command displays performance data in the Command Prompt window
Typeperf
or writes the data to specified log file.
The tzutil command is used to display or configure the current system's time zone.
Tzutil The tzutil command can also be used to enable or disable Daylight Saving Time
adjustments.
The umount command is used to remove Network File System (NFS) mounted
Umount
network shares. The umount command is not available by default in Windows 7 but
 can be enabled by turning on the Services for NFS Windows feature from Programs
and Features in Control Panel.
The unlodctr command removes Explain text and Performance counter names for a
Unlodctr
service or device driver from the Windows Registry.
Vaultcmd The vaultcmd command is used to create, remove, and show stored credentials.
The ver command is used to display the current Windows or MS-DOS version
Ver
number.
The verify command is used to enable or disable the ability of Command Prompt, or
Verify
MS-DOS, to verify that files are written correctly to a disk.
The vol command shows the volume label and serial number of a specified disk,
Vol
assuming this information exists.
The vssadmin command starts the Volume Shadow Copy Service administrative
Vssadmin command line tool which displays current volume shadow copy backups and all
installed shadow copy writers and providers.
W32tm The w32tm command is used to diagnose issues with Windows Time.
Waitfor The waitfor command is used to send or wait for a signal on a system.
The wbadmin command is used start and stop backup jobs, display details about a
Wbadmin previous backup, list the items within a backup, and report on the status of a
currently running backup.
The wecutil command is used to mange subscriptions to events that are forwarded
Wecutil
from WS-Management supported computers.
The wevtutil command starts the Windows Events Command Line Utility which is
Wevtutil
used to manage event logs and publishers.
Where The where command is used to search for files that match a specified pattern.
The whoami command is used to retrieve user name and group information on a
Whoami
network.
Winmgmt abc
The winrm command is used to start the command line version of Windows Remote
Winrm Management, used to manage secure communications with local and remote
computers using web services.
Winrs The winrs command is used to open a secure command window with a remote host.
The winsat command starts the Windows System Assessment Tool, a program that
Winsat assesses various features, attributes, and capabilities of a computer running
Windows.
The wmic command starts the Windows Management Instrumentation Command
Wmic line (WMIC), a scripting interface that simplifies the use of Windows Management
Instrumentation (WMI) and systems managed via WMI.
The wsmanhttpconfig command is used to manage aspects of the Windows Remote
Wsmanhttpconfig
Management (WinRM) service.
 The xcopy command can copy one or more files or directory trees from one location
to another. The xcopy command is generally considered a more "powerful" version
of the copy command though the robocopy command trumps even xcopy. A
Xcopy command by the name of xcopy32 existed in Windows 95 and Windows 98. To
avoid a long and confusing explanation here, just know that no matter if you
executed the xcopy command or the xcopy32 command, you were always executing
the most updated version of the command.
The xwizard command, short for Extensible Wizard, is used to register data in
Xwizard
Windows, often from a preconfigured XML file.

https://www.lifewire.com/list-of-windows-7-
command-prompt-commands-4107370

Basic DOS commands

Overview
Occasionally, on your Windows computer, you may need to perform a procedure by typing in commands at
the Command Prompt. Entering commands in this way allows you to bypass the Windows graphical user
interface and communicate directly with the operating system. You are most likely to need to work in this
way if you get an infection and have to disinfect your computer from the command line, for example,
using SAV32CLI, the command line version of Sophos Anti-Virus on Windows.

To communicate through the Windows command line, you will need to use MS-DOS commands. This article
lists some basic DOS commands that you are likely to find useful when working from the command line, but
there are many more available. To find out more about MS-DOS, consult a book, online dictionary or
encyclopedia, or other specialist publication.

The following sections are covered:

DOS commands

Command and Usage Examples

ATTRIB ATTRIB -R -A -S -H <VIRUS.EXE>

Change file attributes. + adds an attribute, - removes All these attributes will be removed from virus.exe.
it. Attributes are: A=archive; R=read only; S=system;
H=hidden.

C: C:
Go to the C: drive. Similarly A: and D: etc.

CD CD\ takes you to the top of the directory tree

Change directory. When you change directory, the
prompt changes, showing the path of the directory you
are currently in.
Note, directory is the term used by DOS for what
Windows calls a folder.
(typically to C:) .
CD.. moves you one level up the directory tree
(i.e. up towards the root directory).
CD <DIRECTORYNAME> takes you to that
directory. You can use one or more subdirectory
names, separated by \ e.g.
CD WINNT\Media takes you to the directory
C:\WINNT\Media

To change to another path, type the full path with

slashes. e.g.
CD \WINDOWS\SYSTEM

CLS CLS
Clear the screen.

DEL DEL <VIRUS.EXE> deletes virus.exe

Delete one or more files in the current directory. Can be
used with the * and the ? wildcards. DEL *.JPG will delete all files with the
extension JPG.

DEL *.* will delete ALL files in the current
directory, USE WITH CAUTION.
(Note: DEL cannot be used to delete directories. Use
RD to remove a directory.)
DIR
Displays the contents of a directory (folder).
Note, directory is the term used by DOS for what
Windows calls a folder.
These switches can be combined, so DIR /W /P
will return multiple rows listing a page at a time.
You can use the * and the ? wildcards to search for a
particular file. The ? character represents ONE
character, and the * character represents multiple
characters.
DIR *.* lists all the files in a directory.
EDIT
Runs DOS EDIT (a simple text editor). Useful for
editing batch files and viewing logs. This command
requires QBASIC.EXE to be present.
DEL MY*.* will delete all files beginning with
MY and with any extension.
DEL MY??.* will delete files that are 4
characters long and begin with MY and with any
extension.
DIR displays all files and folders in the current
directory. Folders are indicated in the list by
<DIR>.
Files are usually listed by name.
DIR /P displays the contents a page at a time,
i.e. as many as will fit in your command line
window. Press any key to display the next page.
DIR /W displays the files/folders in multiple
rows. This view gives less information per file.
DIR *.JPG displays all files with the extension
JPG in the current directory and all
subdirectories.
DIR MY??.* displays all files beginning with
MY, exactly 4 characters long, and with any
extension.
DIR /S lists the contents of all subdirectories.
DIR /AH displays all hidden files.
EDIT <VIRUSLOG.TXT> opens the file
viruslog.txt and allows you to edit it.
EDIT <NEWFILE.TXT> creates a new file
called newfile.txt and opens it up for you to edit.
HELP HELP DIR displays information on the DIR
Displays DOS Help. For help on an individual command.
command, type HELP then the command for which
you want more information.

MD MD <NEWDIR> creates a new directory called

Make Directory creates a new directory below the Newdir.
current one. (The command can also be written as
MKDIR.)

PRINT PRINT <LOGFILE.TXT>

Prints the specified file (if the printer is supported in
DOS - many are not). Prints LOGFILE.TXT

RD RD <DIRECTORYNAME>
Remove directory. Removes a sub-directory of the
current directory. The directory you want to remove
must be empty of all files. (The command can also be
written as RMDIR)

RENAME RENAME <OLDNAME.EXE>

Rename a file. You must use the full file name <NEWNAME.EXE>
including the suffix.

TYPE TYPE C:\README.TXT|MORE

Displays the contents of a file on the screen. If you
use this command on a file which is not a text file, the
display will be unintelligible. Use with |MORE to
display the text on a page by page basis, and prevent it
scrolling off the screen. | is a pipe character.

> COMMAND > FILENAME.TXT

When you run a DOS command, output is usually sent
to the screen. Use > to redirect output from the screen e.g. SWEEP > REPORT.TXT The details of any
to a file. It runs the command preceding the >, creates infected files reported by SWEEP are sent to a
a file in the current directory with the name you file called REPORT.TXT.
specify, and sends the information/output returned by
the command, to that file.
 Accessing the command prompt from Windows
To access the command prompt from Windows (a DOS box), do as follows:

1. At the task bar, select Start|Run.

2. Type
CMD
or on some versions of Windows
COMMAND
3. Click OK.

A command prompt will open.

Accessing the command prompt in safe mode

 For Windows NT/2000/XP/2003, see How to remove malicious files with SAV32CLI.
 For Windows 95/98/Me you can boot from a startup disk, or use MS DOS mode
1. At the task bar, select Start|Shut down.
2. Select Restart in MS-DOS mode.
3. Click OK.