Stupent Book ANswer Key In this answer key where the contracted form fe given thefulfarm i alo comect. Where the ull form is given the contracted form s also correct. Tew nm AFTER YOU READ Akg 3b 2f he rtworking sites 4: F, Facebook became available after MyS 5. F. The author says most teachers have ‘outlawed mobile phones in cass eT 1 8, F The author thinks staying in near-constant communication with others is often stressful EXERCISE 1 A 2.AP 7.aP 3.HA BAP 4.0 HA 5.AP 10. HA 6.AP. B.2, a a 5 6A EXERCISE 2 2.walk 9. is considering 3.curn on 10. think 4 start 11 make 5. is giving 12. have 6. murying 13. a doing 7's work 14. love 8. im writing EXERCISE 3 2, have been hasbeen S+have been living 9 has taught 4: has been. 10, has been teaching S.has been working 11. have had G-hasbeen writing 12 have owned Tehas also waitten 13, have been communicating 146 EXERCISE 4 2. are looking, frantically 3. ball, are having 4. rapidly; have 5. feels, bad 6.am feeling, terrible Lis thinking, clearly & think, essential 92s, normally 10. is boing, obnoxious EXERCISE 5 It seoms Heroccmine that Leonstantly hear the some thing We need ‘Cell phones ane dangerous. Werremeeding to restrict them. People are dying because of cell phones. Well, Farthinbine cell phones themselves arent the problem. im completely opposed to restrictions on them, and heres why: First, people say cell phones are dangerous to Inealth, so they should be limited. Supporters ofthis {dea say there are studies showing that cell phones produce harmful radiation and ean even cause 1 think this is nonsense, There hast been any real prool, #4rseematne like just another study that ultimately Severmemmine arvthing Second, teachers say we shouldnt allow cell phones in classes because thev're a distrsctin, Heel pretty emery about his, Heres an example “Two weeks ago in my history class, a student had her eell phone an be ly sick and might need a ride to the hospital. The students ‘mother couldn contact anyone else, Actually, the wid the student called someone to hhelp her mother. What ifthe phone hadnt been on? “The teacher would feel pretty bel. Third, people argue that using a cell phone while driving is dangerous. I disagree. Its no more dangerous than turning on the car radio or eating a sandwich, People de those things when they drive ‘The lav says you have to have one hand om the stccring wheel at all times. It's possible to use a cell correctly phone coreet with one hand. Hise my cell phone use her mother wae mother did call,hefty cceref: always keep one hand on the wheel. Maybe there should be training in ways to use a cell phone goed, but we shouldn't prohibit using handheld phones in ears ‘This has alwavs been a free country. I hope it stays that way. EXERCISE 6 A. Not mentionce: cell phones B. 2. Sheis having serious money problem. - Someone got hold of her eredit card number: This is a good example of identity theft The person who got the number has been charging a lot on her eard. $8,000 is involved, |. She probably has to-pay' some back. 8, People are supposed to report problems like this immediately. 9. The Internet makes things caey, maybe too 10, The downside is that its easy for criminals to et information EXERCISE 7 2. Alot of new things are happening in the digital world, 3. James has been writing for'a magazine and blogging on the Internet for years 4. The logger he spoke, the sfgtier we got. 8. Bill is strong, but Bob is stronger. 6. My fingers are sore because I've been working in the yard. 7. He's been sifle for years, but now he going to ‘get married. Ti AFTER YOU READ. Ale Sf Re 6d Tb fees BAL. ST 3. 4, L 2.F.Weinlick had not 6. F. Arranged met his bride before msuriages have the planning of his traditionally not been ding. common in America. E. He advertised for a bride om the Internet, EXERCISE 1 A. 2. He just didn't know / who he would be marcying 3, Friends would repeatedly ask Weinlick / when he was going to tie the knot 4. Runze hadn't met Weinlick / when she picked up her candidate survey 55, Weinlick had prepared everything! by the time the wedding day arrived B2F 3H 4H SF OF EXERCISE2 2edidnithappen 9. wanted 3.0 10. made 4. came 11. led 5. thought 12. ve never known 6.Tveever met 13. "salways loved Z.ecalled up 14. ve never been able Beasked EXERCISES 2idsleep 6. used talive B.would go T-ased to be 4 'dgo 8d spend S.used tobe 9. used 10 think EXERCISE 4 2. By the time they both returned to their hometown about a year ago, Jim had completed four years of military service, and Jennifer had graduated from college. 3. By the time they saw each other again, Jennifer thad statted teaching, and Jim had taken a job as a computer programmer 44. When they ran into each other in a drugstare ‘one morning, neither had gone out on any dates 5. Because he had woken up with a splitting headache, Jim drove to Olson's Drugstore. 6. Because Jennifer's younger sister had fallen and hurt rself and needed medicine, Jennifer also went ta Olson’, 7. When a week had passed, Sim asked Jennifer ‘ut on a date 8. When Jim and Jennifer had dated for three ‘months, they got married, EXERCISES Suggested aisweos 2. Their marriage was still going strong. 3, They have had four children. 4. They have never regretted getting married without knowing each other well. 5. They have always stressed that commitment is the thing that makes a matriage work. Student Book Answer Key 1476. Friends have noted that the Weinlicks are very rnwich in love, 7. There was no guarantee the Weinlicks! marriage would stceeed. EXERCISE 6 May 20 {just had to weite today. It'S our sixsmonth dai beer anniversary Fim and (are married six months as of today. So maye this is the time for me to take stock of my situation. The obvious question is whether Tm happy I got married. The answer is “Absolutely.” When T remember what my life esteem like before re were mil Pe i Teel Boe before. Sim i @ wonderful gus. Since we both work, voto ini ig tho mek Hilly about that. When we heveteen dating, wasnt sure whether or not have odo al dhe osework. Bt did't have I wroenthavine any’ reason to wor: Today we split everything 50/50. The only complaint I have is that Sim stored at night. When tell him he dacs that hie only says, “Well, sweetie, you store too.” I don't believe it. But this is our only problem, I guess were pretty hicks Ive Well, Fd had a long and tiring day, but its almost lover Its time to goto sleep, EXERCISE 7 A. The wedding took place in Canad B. 2, Samantha and Darrell have each made over 30 jumps. 3. They've heen members ofthe group For many 4. They were originally going to get married on a bungee jump. 5. They thought it would be too dangerous. 6, They couldnt find a minister who would bungee jump with them, (0, Reverend Martinez had never done this type of wedding before 8, Reverend Martinez used ta be a pastor in Arizona. 148 Student Book Answer Key EXERCISE 8 sd 4 rT * s.would 6 had 7. would 8 has EXERCISE 9 Jack Strat’ life fs quite different now from the way it used to be. He used to work for a company that sold carpets and Mooring. His job required him todo lot ol traveling, He would stay om the road for ‘wo oF thtee weeks ata time, Tewas always the same: As soon as he pulled i cheap motel to stay The next morning he'd leave his business card at a lot of different establishments, hoping that someone would agree to sce him. If he'd been hicky enowgh to arrange an appointment in advance, he'd show ther ta a town, he would look for a his samples, Occasionally they would ordera carpet ‘or some linoleum; most often they wouldn't, Jack’s marriage began to suffer. He missed his wife lot, but there wasn't much he could do about the situation, And when he was on the road, he hardly ever saw his children, He would try to call them in the evenings if he hada spare moment. ‘aly, however, it was so ate that they had already gone to bed. They were growing up without him, Finally, his wife laid down the law, saying, “Why should we even be married if we're never going to see each other?” Jack decided she was right. He took a risk, He quit his job and started his awn business ‘Things were difficult at Gist, but atleast the family was together: ‘That was five years ago. Things have changed a lot since then, Jack and his family used to live in a small partment. Now they own a house. Life is good. (ene ‘AFTER YOU READ ALb Se 2d 6a Ba he ab oad BI. tock 2. evening 3.tours 5. thieves 6. phrasebook 7. yourself 4, numbersEXERCISE 1 A. 2 leave; simple present 3. "lle relaxing; future progressive 44.’m going to give; Future with be going 10 5. will help: future with will 6. "ll have been flying; fature perfect progressive 77land, will be: two actions inthe future 8. Ihave acquired; future perfect B2P SP ORF BF GP 9P 4 TP IOP EXERCISE 2 2.'m going 7.'m seeing 3. im taking 8. leaving 4.'m moving 8."ll mind, 'm going to mind 6. wan't be able to se, nat going to be able to use 9. 'm arriving 10. vrite EXERCISE 3 2. Tl meet on * going ta meet, arrives 3. will visit ox ate going (ovis 4. Finish, will ake ow are going to1ake Teave 5. Tl visit on re going to visit, tour 6. ly,‘ buy ox ve going to buy EXERCISE 4 Answers will vary EXERCISE 5 1am writing these words in English because I need the practice, At this moment Iam on an sirplane aver the Pacific Ocean, on my way toa year of study at Columbia University in the United ‘States. The plane left an hour ogo. I ten-hour Aight, s0 1 hope I will have written a lot by the time ‘we jpt{Iand. Iam looking forward to being there, wil but lam also a litle afraid. What ee [find when I 3e#f get to America? Will the Americans be urrogant Will be sand unfriendly? Will make any friends? art |happy? My bestfriend in Korea said, "You dom yours rmalke any real friends when goreiHbe there" Lam not 1 so sure. I guess #lind out ‘These were the words I wrote in my diary on the airplane last month. But I have been here for ‘8 month new, and T have found that things are lot different from what I expected. The majority of people here are friendly, They go out oftheir way t0 help you if you need it, and my American friends fm going (ORT going to $o) invite me to ga places. Soon Fa hiking wath a group from my dormitory. ‘Two of the ideas I had about the United States, however seem tobe tne. One is that Americans don't pay much attention to rales. One af my best American friend sas, in fact, “Rules are mad to be broken." The other idea i about the American fail: In Asia the family is very important, but some ‘Asian peopl think the family means nothing in the United States. dont know if this is tre oF not But Lihink it might be true, since my American friends almost never mention ther parents or their brothers and sisters. Anyway, Tam going to have a chance to im going fox Im going to go) see a real American family. Fae with my roommate Susan to spend Thanksgiving break with her family in Penasslvania. When Twi see her family; maybe in Fercvineto understand more EXERCISE 6 ‘A. Edmonton B2F 2 3F ORF 47 OT BF 10.F 6F UL EXERCISE 7 B.2.m,Tam 3.-will, won't 5. won't, they will 6. We're not, we are S.vort, wewill 7. wor't have, will have Cue free In late December. Sherry Akiko, and Lis one-day trip to Barcelona. Not knowin anyone there. They stayed in a youth hostel for le price. On their one day in the Sagrada Familia, Gaudi famous church. All three girls were impressed ‘by the churehis beauty. And decided to climb to the top instead of taking the elevator. Nearing the top, Akiko begat izzw and start down again. Sherry and Lisa continued climbing: However, even Sherry, who had done ‘great deal of mountain climbing in Canada, Felt nervous and unprotected at the summit. Both she and Lisa agreed that the viewwas ‘magnificent. And the climb well worth it. The thnee decided tor na. As soon as they could. Student Book Answer Key 149‘Suggested sentence combining Im Tate December. Sherry, Akiko, and Lisa took 1 one-day trip (© Barcelona, Not knowing anyone there, they stayed in a youth hostel fora very reasonable price. On their one day in the city they visited the Sagrada Familia, Gaudi famous church. All thee girls were impressed by the church’ heauty and decided to climb to the top instead of taking the elevator. Nearing the top. Akiko began to feel dizzy and had to start down again. Sherry and Lisa continued climbing. However, even Sherry, who had done a great deal ff mountain climbing in Canada, felt nervous and unprotected at the summit. Both she and Lisa agreed that the view was magnificent and the climb well worth it. The three decided to return to Barcelona as soon as they could. ‘Suggested corrections: Last summer when my wife and T were traveling in Morocco, we had one of the most resting bargaining experiences ever. We were in an open-air market in Rabat, and T really wanted to buy a Moracean jello long, heavy, ankle-length garment. There were several different shops where jellabas were sole, bout Heather and I,were drawn to one shop in particular: [ried one jellaba on: i fit pertecty and T knew it was the one T wanted, so Lasked the merchant how much it was. He said it was $100. Now ve always been uncomfortable bout bargaining, so Iwas ready to pay his price. Heather took me aside, however, and said that was too much and that he expected me to bargain. When I said I couldn’ bargain, she tld ‘me that bargaining was part of the game and that I should offer him less. I sighed, ied to swallow the lump in my throat, and suggested $25, He smiled and asked for $75, whereupon 1 olfered $35. He looked offended and shook his head. Heather grabbed my hand and we started walking away: [thought that was going to be the end of the experience, but then the merchant came running alter me, saying he'd accept $50. Tended up buying the jellaba for that amount, and Vsti have it, Since then I've developed ‘courage and gained self-confidence, so as they say, travel is indeed broadening. 150 Student Book Answer Key (iz AFTER YOU READ Ac Lgracious —5;praise 2ipointer 6, decline B.chuckle 7, have someone over S.perplexed 8. rectify Bib 4b Zh sa Ba 6a EXERCISE 1 2b da 6A Bb 1b Bb Ba Tb 9b EXERCISE 2 2. had to worry 7. should you tip 3. supposed to do 8. you're supposed to do 4. weresupposed 109, Should you leave leave 0. 5. Should wehaveleft 11 6. don't have to leave )- ought to have given could have left EXERCISE 3 Possible answers 2. should 5. are not supposed to 3, should 6. must 4, shouldn't have EXERCISE 4 Possible answers: 2, They should have arranged their shoes so that they were pointing toward the door: 3. They shouldn't have said anything about the gift when they presented it 4, They shouldn't have taken a rock and roll CD as a wif 5, Helen shouldn't have taken the sushi 6. They should have refused the fist offer of a drink 7. They could (ox might) have taken a bos of chocolates, 8, They could (ox might) have taken flowers 9. They could (or might) have declined the sushi 10. They could (ow might) have left earlies EXERCISE 5 Dear Masako, should Sony its taken meso long to write, I shomkdnt hhave gotten to this weeks ago, but Fve been so busy Tm realy looking forward to the holidays and seeing all you guys again. School is going well. ts tough but really interesting, and Tm sure I should be studying even move than [have been. Part of the problem is thatsipped Tm taking too many clases. You'e only sapere {0 take five aterm, but I'm taking six Anyway ve gotten to know a lat of new people, including several Australians, Uhave this one really ood fri, a girl named Jane. She invited me twher house last week fora party: Actaally, tas my birth, but T didnt know she knew that. F thought Ia better it was a party like any other: figured Foe ake some kind of gif, but I couldnt decide what i shouldbe. Finally Teame up with the dea ofa hotiquet of lowers. As soon a Igo to the party 1 savelt to Jane, and she was really happy o get. "But shen the funniest thing happened. | guess t hove expected cought to expec something was up fram the mysterious way Jane wasacting, but I didnt This ‘was a surprise party—for me! Ax soon as took off my-coat and sat down alt of people jumped up from bchind sofas and other places where they been hiding and shouted "Surprise! Happy birthday!" should have been Tas embarrassed, but Imenenathowebern, because everyone Was realy fend and prety soon [forgot about my embarrassment. Then they sve me presents. Twas about to put them away but Jane said “Arent you going to open them?" Twas perplexed and didnt know what to do. i China vou thodr? open -hocnicheeopend gifs right when you get them, but apparently you are supposed tain Australia, So ‘opened them, The nicest git was a new blouse fom Jane. She tld me 1st hewSgore and try it an immediately, xo 1 id. Hs beautiful, Anyoray, et party! Hthought knew all about Australian culture But I guese Tm not as familiar with it I thought “The custom of opening up presents in front ofthe sift giver ie a strange one to oe, ‘The weather is kind of chilly. How ist back ia Shel ‘Singapore? Nice an warm? Esha bring you something special from Australia when I come? ve Well, Masako, Fim running out of space, so got to sign olf. Write soon. EXERCISE 6 A. They're at s department store, looking for a birthday present for Mom. B. Suggested answers 2. Bev says they shouldn't delay getting the gift because everyone else has brought something. 3. He says they should have gone shopping last week. 44. He says they shouldn't get Mom a camera 5. She thinks they shouldnt get Mom dress wo F008 NLL re aka 18 6. He thinks if bad idea 7. She thinks they ought to get Mom of couple of silk searves in a conservative colo £8 She savs thev'd better hurry up bes ‘could be there any minute -ause Mom EXERCISES. A married couple was traveling in Burope and had just entered a new country. They had been having a wonderful time, but now everything ‘was going wrong. The first prablem was finding ‘accommodations. They were supposed to stay at the Grand State Hotel, but when they got to the hotel there was no record of their reservation, The wife said they should have gotten a confirmation number ‘They hadn't, unfortunately, so they had to spend the hight at the rain station. The next day they finally found a room ata hotel far from the center of town ‘There were two rooms available: a large one and tiny ane. Since they were on a tight budget, they decided they had better take the tiny one. ‘The second problem was communication. They ‘were starving afer spending hours looking for accommodations, so they went into a restaurant. Avwaiter brought them a menu, but they couldn't understand it. The husband said they should have brought along a phrasebook. They hadn't done that, though, so they didn't know what to order ‘ime passed. Other people were being served, but they weren't. Frustrated, they decided they had to do something. But what? They noticed that a boy about 11 years old seemed to be listening to their aversation. Soon the boy came over to their table, "Excuse me,” he said, "You have to pay for your meal first, Then they take your ordex” The husband sand wile were both astonished but grateful. The Wile said, "You speak our language very well. id you study it somewhere?” The boy said, ‘Australia for three years. Flearned English there.” He asked, “Shall T help you order? I ean translate the ‘When the couple got back home, their friends asked them what they had liked best about the tip. ‘The wife said, Well, the best part was visiting that ‘country where everything went wrong until that boy rectified the problem. At some point, everybody should experience difficulty. You don't have to be miserable, but you need a challenge. That's when you learn things. Maybe that’s what people mean when they say travel is broadening.” Student Book Answer Key 151AFTER YOU READ Ald Be S&F Ze Zh 4g 6a Bb BAT oT 2 7.F. The ice crystals 3... the island is ray have been ton far north for icebergs. rapes to grow ar 4. F Pottery fragments from Eeusdor date from about 3000 BCE. 5. F The story of St. Brendan may have cattsed Columbus to believe that there was a New World, EXERCISE 1 2a 3b 4b Sa 6a Za Bb EXERCISE 2 2emay have hadte 6. might be meeting 3. might be 7. should be 4. could be working 8. must have been visting 5. must have EXERCISE 3 2. could have caused Be must be 4: might have brought S. could... have disappeared 6, could... have existed 7. had to have existed: ‘8. must have become 9. Could there really 10, might be 11, may have influenced 12, might still be walking / might still walk been EXERCISE 4 Anssvers wil var, EXERCISE 5 might (One tte think that with all the sientiic progress made in the last century vesea chers would be able by now to answer this very simple question’ Why do we itch? Unfortunately scientists can't answer this question with any don't know. There are some eh saimy. They simply es involving itching. Ha patient goes to her doctor and complains of terrible 152 Student Book Answer Key itching and the doetor finds hives or some other kind fof rash, the doctor will probably say that she ‘mremtent something she was allergic to—or that she rust have bean shung smmmtnot hare heerstime of bitten by some insect. Scientists can easily explain this kind of case. Most however, does not have an obvious cause Here's what scientists do know: Right under the seare sensory receptors that register physical stimuli and carry messages to the brain. These receptors detect pain and let the brain know about it, W there is high level of physical stimulation to the bods; the sensory tight corey receptors mghrcerried a message of pain tothe brain. If the ove of physial stimulation is low, might reper ‘There has been a lot of speculation about the function of itching. Some researchers think the may be (oR might be ok could be} function Of itching eray to warn the body i is about to have a painful experience. Others theorize that might have developed carly humans maghtelereioped itching as a way of knowing they needed to take insects out of their hat surface ofthe skint hhiness Still others believe that itehing could be a symptom of serious discases such as diabetes and Hodgkin’ disea ‘One of the most interesting aspects of itching may be is that it marhavebe les tolerable than pain. Research has shown, infact, that most of us tolerate pain better than itching. Many people will allow their skin 1o be painfully broken just so they ean get sid of an teh. EXERCISE 6 A. speech class B20 4b 6a Ba 100 3b Sa 7b 9b EXERCISE 7 B2Arhave 4. Behave 6. Behave Barto S.Atto EXERCISE 8. Possible answers 1, The mani most have tied to cash the check (on The woman might have given poli description of the thict or Someone could have seen the thief break into the woman's houte.) The giel must not have tied the other end of the rope to something. (ox The dog might have bbroken the rope. on Someone else could have wuntied the rope)3. The monks must have conrectly pointed the signpost in the dieetion they had come from. (0% Someone else might have come along and told the monks which way to go. (oR The monks ‘could have remembered going there before 4. The man must have been struck by lightning (on The mans car could ha ‘caught fire.) Possible answers 1. Rio de Jancita i a city where exciting and rmvsterious things happen 2, There are several reasons why college isnt for ‘everybody 43. Wild animals don't make good pets 4, Regular exercise has many benefits 2 Possible answers 1. Public transportation isa better option for me than driving my car 2. There are severul reasons why I prefer seeing heater to watching them on TV. 4. There are three main reasons why Tike planning my own vacation more than going on 4. Lean think of three reasons why a cat is better pet forme than adog. Cree AFTER YOU READ. Atsidewith 6 drugs 2 telling 7. in moderation 3.obsse 8 brimmed BMI 9 devote S.champ 10, Sunblock Bb 2d 3d de Se 6b EXERCISE 1 2. WOK Fo) but Lwouldsit makes Iaabit of it 3. Most fastfood Fall of fall gay Chole, and calories 4. We love its(vatanff but it has ts dangers: 5. Tve treated patients with Skin cance) 6. You should Wer Gunbloc if youre going ot in the for more than a few minutes 17. He sed to be in good hapelwhen he was =fennis)champ, but now he doesn't get any 8. Your husband wouikl have a BML oF about 35, \hich puts him in the obese category 9. 1s there a cure forlbuldness? 10. I've been losing my(hait)for several years, EXERCISE 2 2.a work A.ahistory 4catalk 5. space 6. 7 8. atime 13. history criteria 14.0 film EXERCISE 3 2.2, some bb flash of 3.acany beagameof Ava. some bapiece of S.a,any bia drop of 6.0. any beagrain of Ja. some beapicce of B.a, some bapiece of EXERCISE 4 Answers will wary 1, The to best films Tve seen in the last year 2. The to funniest people Tve ever mel are 3. The best advice T 4. The most enjovable work I've ever dane is / ‘ever acl is/was 5. The most beautiful work of art Tye ever seen 6, The best news Fe heard this month is/was The worst traffic Tve ever seen is/was 8. The most interesting experience I've had in the Inst year is was EXERCISE 5. firaril. We landed in Rio de Janeira on Tuesday as scheduled and made i to our hotel without any problems. On Wednesday we walked and sunbathed ‘on Copacabana and Ipanema beaches. The only problem was that I didn't put on any sunblock and Student Book Answer Key 153« geod news got bad sunburn. There's wzeodnews, though: it better today: Actually, there's one ather problem: We don't have enough fremteres in our hotel room. There's no place to put anything, But everything else has been great. We went toa samba show, and even though it was intendeel for tourists, it was alot of fun, ‘The Bravilian people t very friendly andl helpful (On Friday we had a flight 10 So Paulo scheduled for 9:00 44 xl couldn't tet s taxi. But we were saved by one of the hotel ancl we missed the bus employees, who gave usa ride to the airport. We got there justin time. Now su're in S8o Pau. I's an exciting place, bi "awe hours to get from our hot Teanit get over the trafic, 1! took to the downtown area, Yesterday we hael inch at a famous restaurant where they serve feijaada, typical Brazilian food. I had so-mmy spice in that our mouths were on fire, bat it was delicious. Tonight we're going to have dinner at a very famous restaurant where they serve every kind of ments you can think o: The other thing about Brazil thats really coffee interesting is the amount of coffees the Bravzilians drink. They have litle cups of coffee several times a dday—called caffesinho. We tried it: ils very strong and sweet. That's all for now: Your mom hast had wtime (0 20 shopping yet, which is good. You know how much, hate shopping. Love, Dad EXERCISE 6 A. His wile was on a TV medical show and asked the speaker about his healt, B. 2. His cholesterol level is 322. 3. Joe skips breakfast daily. 4. He doesn't have time to eat breakfast 5. He doesnt get any exercise. 6. He eats his midday meal at various fast-food Joe is at high risk for a heart attack, 8. The doctor isn't going to put Joe on a diet because for the most part diets don't work 9. Joe will sill be able to eat lot of the foods he likes. 10, Joc will need to exercise three times a week atthe beginning 154 Student Book Answer Key EXERCISE 7 3. There were a lot fnew people in class tod. 44. We bought a new piece of furniture for the living reom. 5. We lost a picce of equipment when we changed 6. Can you pour mea glass of orange juice? 7. Thad a delicious picce(oP meat for supper 8. There was a larve group of engineers atthe 9. Thought my fiancée a bouguetlaf flowers. 10, There was a basket of exes on the kitchen table (eae 5 AFTER YOU READ Ake 4h 7b 2d Se BE 3g 6a B. 1. F, Easter Island was settled about the year 900 by Polynesia 21 31 44.6 The Easter Islanders used cance rails to move their statues 3.7 61 7.. Deforestation ed to the island becominy dryer EXERCISE 1 A2D 5G) & BN 6G 9. 4D 7.6 10. ab N D D Bo aa Sb EXERCISE 2 Excerpt 1 2. the 8. no article the 9. the 4 the 10. the S.nosnticle 11. the 6.3 12. the Tithe Excerpt 2 13. the 19.3 14, the 20. the 15.3 21. the 16, the 22. no article 17.The 23. the 18. theEXERCISE 3 Excerpt 1 2. the 6. the aA La the 8. the 5. the 9. no article Excerpt 2 10. The 17. the Mea 18, no article 12.noarticle 19. the 13.an 20. the 14. the 21. no article 15. the 22. the 16. The 23.the EXERCISE 4 1. ATV set isan electronic device that receives electromagnetic waves, converts the waves into images, and displays them on a screen. /The TV set wats invented in the 1920s by Farnsworth and Zorinsky. 2. Awwheel isa circular device that tuens around central point./ The wheel was invented 5000 to {5000 years ago, 3, Aclarinet is 8 woodwind instrument that uses reed, / The clarinet was invented around 1700, 4. Guitars ates inged instruments that typically have six strings. / The guitar was invented in the 1400s in Spain, 5. Automobiles are self-powered traveling vehicles, The nutomobile was invented in 1874 by ‘Siegfried Marcus in Vienna, 66. Telephones are communication devices that convert sound signals inta waves and reconvert them into sounds, The telephone was invented in 1878 by Alexander Graham Bel. EXERCISE 5 Many people today are against thé nuclear power I disagree with them for several reasons, Fist, we need Deg additional power sources, We are running ‘out of fh€ petroleum, Many environmentalists say wwe need to develop the use of geothermal and wind ‘energy: Lam certainly not against these sources, and we should work on developing them, But they ‘can't do everything. Then there's the suggestion of hydroelectric power Many say that even though there are Pké problems with it it is better than going nuclear: Lam big supporter of hydroelectric power, but i can't provide all the power we need either: Second, many are against nuclear plants because they believe they are unsafe. They always mention the accidents at Chernobyl and Three-Mile Island ‘as examples. Yes, these were serious problems, but we have learned from them. There haven't been BG major problems with nuclear reaetors for many We ean make nuclear power safe if we develop thé strict controls and inspections. France produces about 77% ofits power from nuclear ‘energy: The French have had the issue of getting tid ‘of nuclear waste, but they are working on it. IF the French can doit, other countries can too. “Third, once a device is invented or process is developed, it cant really be abandoned. Willy Brandl a former German chancellor; said, "We eannot return to the age of nuclear innocence.” We don't live in perfect world. There are potential dangers of using nuclear energy; but there are potential dangers in everything. As far as Lam concerned, nuclear power will be necessity in the future. EXERCISE 6 Avnational parks Bo 7b Ba Ba 4a Oa Ba 10.6 60 EXERCISE 7 2:(TheFnhabitants of Easter sland bul the statues themselves 3. The climate of te} was changed 4. The forests that used to cover hejisland sre anfortunate truth és hat he)Eath's resourees are limited, 6, Fortunately, that's not fgjendl ofthe story. 7. The eleven ruling chiefs were responsible for the problem. 8, Are we overfishing fhejocean in the mistaken belief that the supply of seafood is unlimited? me Bi B.A abstract 8. purchases 2. government 6 germs B.cash Z.electronically Se service strangers Student Book Answer Key 155EXERCISE 1 10.8) nN 2.6 EXERCISE 2 2eany 7. many Bi less 4 some S. numberof 10. litle 6.alotof EXERCISE 3 2uless 9. Fewer enough 10. much 4. more on some 11. few S.afeworacoupleof — 12. most of 6 one of 13, acouple of or few 7. both of 14. some ox more 8.350) 15. eveiy EXERCISE 4 2efewer — 6.a great deal of B.more 7. the number of @iless 8 The amount of 5. fewer EXERCISE 5 My fellow citizens: We are ata time in our history when we need to make some real sacrifices. Recent ‘a grect mary presidents have mad wrreatdentof promises they did't keep. Tonight you deserve to hear the truth, On the economy; we've mad 2 grect doo! of still have wgrewemeny work to do, so I'm proposing several measures, First, [want to taise taxes on the tle progress, but we fee because afew of them realy pay theit share, Second, many members ofthe middle class are carrying an unfair tax burden, x0 im aking for a tax cut fr them IT stecessful, most of you in the midale class wll pa 10 percent les i taxes nest year, though a ew of you inthe hi hte mn may see your tes ise Hele, Third, there are ch loopholes in the eurrent lave which allow some people to avoid paying any taxes at ally and T vant to clove these loopholes. very wealthy income group Further prablems ae that we have very Sw ‘money available for health care reform, and we've hte made sre progress in redueing pollution and ‘mecting clean air standards, Therfore, as final 156 Student Book Answer Key n asking for a 50-cent-a-gallon tax on xzasoline, which will result in many more people using public transportation and should create nowgh money to finance our new health care program and will be helping the environment at the same time. additional revenue. Thus, we will have: EXERCISE 6 A. Mike chose the restaurant. Baa 6b Bb 7b 4b ha Sa EXERCISE 7 B 2 have fe prem than I set. (2) 2: She dodeiwaich much kon 3) 4. Peet ore unl erent deal aires () 3. We are facing/alzreat many challengesfioklay: (4) 6. hel gent money Lean a) (ie 7 AFTER YOU READ ALE 2h 3 de Sb 10a, B. 1. F. Constantina Dita takes the lead at about the hallway point 2. F Dita isnot the favorite 3. F. Few if any spectators expect Dita to win the old medal 41 $5. F Dita did not win a medal in the 2008 Athens Olympics. She managed only a 20th-place finish 61 1 ar 9.7 10. F. Expectations take over when we focus too ‘much on goals. EXERCISE 1 2, The Women’ iaralos fs about at the halfay (Poin when a Romanian(runneisurgcs wo the head of the pack. 3. Dita finishes the race with a 2ssenndfead over the al managed only a 20thplaee inthe 2008 Athens Olympics5. Your film-buflfiend3 have seen the Acad: ‘Award-ssinning\Avatars 6. They love its strangelooking Greatires and aawssome spscialletlect 7. They admire its sricus but heartwarming (Geatment of the age-old Gonflict}between exploiters and those they explei 8. Children sometimes do not meet their parent sancer expectations of ther, 9. “Focal dystonia is an abnormal musele(fenetion) caused by ssttsie{eoncentratio 10. Lstand atthe top of sie. iexGlope plotting ny evers mone down the cours, EXERCISE 2 2. new silk 3. ugly purple denim 4. suitable dressup 7. unstvlish, sloppy ow sloppy. unstyish 8. round blue sapphire 53. intcresting, important 9. oval green emerald ‘oe important, 10, excellent tomato- interesting aand-cheese 6. memorable, good ox 11. faney dress-up good, memorable 12, beautiful purple denim EXERCISE 3 2. aone-paragraph 6.an cyesight-related 3.0.300page 7.10-gallon 4. a six-year 8. performance 5. astressrclated induced 9.2 wo-month, EXERCISE 4 Possible answers 2. Alongchaited cat came to our house and never lef 3. My dad loves his comfortable od jacket. 4. A surprise bithday party is an amusing and interesting experience. 5. An cleven-year-old child won the national spelling contest. 6. Slunndog Millionaire isan award-winning 7. My great-aunt built « three-legged table. 8. Tim fascinated by unustal-looking people, 9. She was wearing a short blue cotton skirt 0. The Chinese jade baw! we bought is worth a lot ‘of money. 11. My grandmother works ina 60-story building 12, My daughter can easily it a 80-pound bag. EXERCISE 5 FRIDAY: Its midnight, the end of along day. My medical sche first week of schoobmedieal is over nd Int exhausted but happy! Ten s0 glad I decided to go to the wniversity: It yas definitely 2 good decision. Im ot completely sure yet, but I think L want to go hid prychatr into payed chi because Tove working with tenyzorcld children—especally nine: and terepearsobd kids ‘Yesterday our paychiatry lass visited a large new trove mideleclone hospital where many middheetrertroibied children 0 for treatment expected to see a lt of boys and sirfs behaving badly but most of them were pretty ‘quiet and relaxed. They just looked like they needed some warm, personal attention, “Today in our surgery clase we had bright, 74 Bresion hardworking teacher, a Braiteerpomme doctor who \was substiouting for our usual professor: We got a helpful foreign viewpoint on things. ‘The only thing I don't like about medical school dirgusting cafeteria is the enteric dierentng food. nt going to have to toaty hat Chinese ‘start getting some hotteste-Ehyiner food from my local favorite place, Well it's time for me to get some new computer sleep. Thope this eompeterner program works conrectly. EXERCISE 6 ALE 6 BT LE ar aT 3.7 B.2.a otal, complete 6a short, ensy.to- idiot remember phrase an uly high Team ey, dark, pitched, squeaky voiee 4. rapid adolescent famous thieedos: ‘growth spurt nights S.fearoforsbresding 9. three large; warm, problem funy dows EXERCISE 7 1. The film isa serious, profound, heartwarming treatment of an important issue. 2. We have some delicious cheese-and-pepperoni sandwiches. 43. That ugly, grotesque, decrepit building should be torn down. 4. The trip we took was an expensive, silly: miserable waste of time. 5. She's going to wear her new red silk dress. 66. We bought a beautiful new hybrid car 7. My intelligent, gracious, twenty-five-yeat-old daughter just got married 8, Our litle old fox terier isa delight to have in the family, Student Book Answer Key 157EXERCISE 8 B2b 3b 4a Sb Pa 1 is, (eid students Zoncfs) Tibor) Each Smmufhemetice 6. 8 hid Eun 2 bipolar disorder and 9. (hem) students schizophrenia, are) 10,(he or sbs, Eycrbody cone, has 5 The director and 2 1eare 2. was 9. their Brencournge 1041s 4 re ieare 5. their 12, are Ghisorher 13, has Tehave AFTER YOU READ AL 2a Bb 6d B. 1. FA spitit of one- uupmanship =F. The boss’ mother told them she didn't characterized the need anything brothers 5.1 relationship, 6.F. The mother didn't 20 need the things her 3.F The boys! mother _ sons gave her didnot encourage 7.7 the sprit of 8. F. The mother was competition between not aware of what them. the parret could do. EXERCISE 1 A. 1. Moe was sure thatthe mansion would be her favorite c 2. Whe Hvaly.S 3. All know is thot the delicious. € 4. Their mother said t needed. 0 B. 2, Curly was wondering what he could do to top his bu What can I do to top my brothers? 158 Student Book Answer Key 3. At first he wondered ifhe could alford Can afford it? 4. 1dont know ifyou beliceed me Did you believe me? 3.1 don't koow what you mean Wha do you mean? EXERCISE 2 2, what the name of the nearest town was 3. i Teould borrow his cell phone 4. if there were any towing companies nearby 5. iT he knew 6. how long he had lived around there 7. what his 8. Fhe knew angthing at all EXERCISE 3 A. Possible answers: T don’ know what a pun is, 2. Thave no idea what lyperbole means. 3. I'm not sure what the humor of the unexpected happening is. 4, Vm not entirely sure how repetition works in humor: 5. Idon' have a clue what the humor of the 6. [don't kmow how sarcasm differs from other humor: 7. Thave no clue what endorphins are B. Possible answers: 1, What isa pun? A pun is.a kind of humor that depends on, similarities in sound or m ing bewween wo. word 2. What does hyperbole mean? Hyperbole means exaggeration 3. What fs the humor of the unexpected happening? An example of the unexpected happening is 2 woman opening her purse and bid flying out of it 4, How does repetition work in humor? Repetition works by repeating an element in humorous story 5. What isthe humor of the incongrsous The humor of the incongruous situation depends on normal things happening in nual places. 6. How does sarcasm differ from other humor? Sareasm is often more biting and hurl than other humor 7. What are endorphins? Endorphins are hormones that are ereated in the brs pain and give usa sense of wellbeing n when we laugh or exercise that help lessenEXERCISE 4 Possible answers 4. Honk if you're iterate. What's funny about this is that anyone who i illiterate couldn't read the bumper sticker 2. Ifyou don’ like the way I drive, stay off the sidewalk. Whats funny about this is that it implies that the driver is driving om the sidewall 3. Missing: Husband and Dog. Attention: $200 ‘reward for dog. What's funny about this is the fact chat some wives like to joke about their animals being more valuable than their hushandl, 4. Change is mevitable—escept for vending ‘machines. What the humor depends on here is the fact that “change is used as a pun. 53. Lm in no fur int.on my way to work. Wha funny about this is that the driver is driving slowly to delay arriving at work, 6. Everyone is entitled to my opinion, What the humor depends on isthe similar saving ‘Everyone is entitled ta his or her opinion.” 1. Forget about world pence. Visualize using your ‘tum signal. What the humor depends on here ‘commonly seen bumper sticker that says ‘Visualize World Peace.” This bumper sicker asks penple to think of less grand things than ‘world peace (while driving) and to concentrate ‘on driving properly 8. Bschew obfuscation. What the humor depends con is knowing the meanings of eschew and objiseation. Eschew is a fancy word for “avoid” Objscarion isa fancy way to say “making things confising.” EXERCISE 5 1. Make sure the joke yout telling fan 2. The best jokes are broad enough so that ‘everyone can enjoy them. Be eertaia that ‘no one will be embarassed by thet you tell a is 3. Ask yourself the joke you want to tell, ules: His, dont elit 4. Belore you begin, be certain sou the key datas are remember what areshc herders Uscaigh them in your mind before yout start speaking thet 5. Make sure what you have eversbod's tention when you're ready to sar. Run (thet 6. Be certain whether you remember what the panch line ofthe joke is. Nothing is vworse than listening toa joke when the teller eat remember the punch line (thet you con 1. The fact myers remember a joke doesn't guarantee success. You have o make the ‘experience a performance. Be animated and dramatic. Whether '8. # to laugh at your own jokes is always a ‘question. Many comedians are criticized because they laugh at their own jokes Dont laugh at what you're saving. Let others da the laughing. EXERCISE 6 A. The incident in Jean's story took place ina school in Oregon, B. 2, The expectation is (that) you will laugh \whether or not you think the joke is funny. 3. Everyone thinks (that) you're a drag if you doit laugh 4, He thinks (¢hat) most jokes are too programmed, 5. He feels (that) he’s stupid when he doesnt get the point of a joke. 6. The problem was (that) some girls were putting lipstick prints on the mirrors in the sits’ bathroom. 1. The principal decided (that) something had to ‘be done about the problem, 8. The principal wanted to show the girls (that) it ‘was difficult to clean the mirrors. EXERCISE 7 B24 68 aT 4 — (era 6. slow T.service 8. positive 9. schoolchildren 2. more 3. less Seactive 8. Japan Student Book Answer Key 159EXERCISE 1 A2e 6b Bfohe 4a ad Sic B2C 61 Bc 7e ar at 5.1 EXERCISE 2 2. The headline said (that) sciemtist Linda Buck 1d unlocked the sceret ofthe sense of smell 3. The headline said (that) the Mt St. Andrea volcano might erupt again, 4. The headline sid (that) a new tax eut would be passed soon. 5. The headline said (that) unemployment was easing. 6. The headline said (that) mereury-contaminated fish was dangerous to eat. 7. The headline sid (that) a face transplant procedure had been perfected by Spanish surgeons, 8. The headline said (that) three local schools will lose next month, EXERCISE 3 2. Sammi Found? 3. Roberto asked, "How long diel World War IL fast?" 4, Mei-Ling asked, “Where was Magellan fre?” ‘ok "What eoumtry was Magellan from?” 5. William asked, “Can a person born outside the United States become president?" 66. Ewa asked, “In what century did the modern Olympics begin? 7 Amanda asked, "How many countries have joined the European Union? & Zelda asked, “Is population growth increasing worldwide?” wsked, “Where was the Rosetta St EXERCISE 4 2 Leould it was ‘3. what she needed 10, would like 4. she had to-write AL. was. Scher 12. ifshe thought it 6. what the quotation was meant Tit was 13. could learn {8 what she thought it meant 14, she understood 160 Student Book Answer Key ot FOOK-T 108 See nes HO EXERCISE 5 Dear Emily 1 jst wanted to fill you in on Tims school adventures, About two months ago Melanie felt ssid she feels we should switch Tins to the public school. He'd besa in a private school for several months, as you know. asked her why she thought dato that, and she sid “Hes miserable where he is, and the quality of education is poor: He says he doesnt really have any friends.” Teouldn' help but agree. She said she thought could \we'ean move him to the local high school, seid ‘hich has a good academic reputation, Told that T agreed but that we should ask Tim. The next morning we asked Timif he wanted to stay atthe private school, Tvs surprised at told hhow strong his response was: He anid me that he hated the school and dida't want to go there any longer So we changed him. Hes been at the new school for a month now, and he's ‘the hos doing well. Whenever Task him doerbe tere his homework done, he says, “Dad, ve already finished it," Hes made several friends. Every we did't now and then he asks ws why ddr let hin change sooner He says people are treating him as am individual now. I'm just glad we moved. hhim when we di. Not much else is new Ob, yes—I do need if pore coi toask mre-perrcoming for the holidays: Write sen and lets know: Or call Love, Chales EXERCISE 6 A. active listening and stating things positively Instead of negatively B. 2. No, this method does not involve returning anger for anger: 3. Two sisters came to Sands for help resolving a family dispute. 44. They were arguing about family estate 5. Rosa said Alicia had always gotten evervihing because she had been their mother's favonite 6. Alicia said the problem was that Rosa was 2 very selfish person. 17. The first thing Alicia could ave sad was tha Rosa had really hurt her feelings, 8. The second thing Alicia could have said was that she had felt really disrespected. viding up theEXERCISE 7 B. 2, We're on avery tight Scheduled au 3. The quality of educations poor at that school 4 6. Tim willgraduate)in 2014, 7. No one will ask any question 5 The modern Olvmpies bess 19th Gentary 9. Spanish surgcons recently perfected a face transplant procedure 10, He says people are treating him as an individual cng 1 11. "Dad, I want to quit school and go to worl,” Jim rurenred. 2. "Fim, how would you evaluate your education? his father queried, 3. "Tabsohitely hate going to school!” Jim responded 4. "Fim," Frank said, "you'te erazy iF you think is saing ta be easy ta get jobs” 5. Frank sai, “Fim, don't bea Fool!” 6. Jim’ patents asked, “Frank, when are you going to start taking your future seriously?” 2 ‘The other night my friend Linh and I had a fun ‘conversation about our recent mishaps. Linh and Tate both ther clumsy guys, which can lead iss to some hilarious experiences, Linh told me about the time when he'd been invited to a Thanksgiving dinner he'd just as soon Forget ‘So what happened?” I asked Wel.” Linh said, “we were all seated around an ‘enormous table. I guess there were about 12 people there. Several of them were high-society types.” "What were you doing with a bunch of high society people?” Lasked ‘Good question,” Linh answered. "Actually, Las Visiting my cousin, and Iwas her guest.” ‘So what did vou do wrong?” Lasked “Las telling a joke and yesturing energetically vith my hands,” Link said “T was siting justin front ofthe door tothe kitchen. Just as the maid was bringing in the turkey on a big platter, T made a big xestute and knocked the turkey off the plater It fll ‘onthe Noor” ‘Oh, no!” F said, “Then what?” "Well" Linh said, “the hostess just st laughing person who had ever done something like that. Then she told the maid to take the turkey back into the kitchen and he said she was glad she wasn't the only hit off. The maid did and eventaally brought it back, as good as new” How did you feel about the whole thing?” Lasked Mortified at tamed out OK because of the hostess 15 great when 1," Linh answered. "But i all people make you feel you've not the only person who ke a stupid mistake eee E AFTER YOU READ Ale 5b 2h 6 BF he ae Bd B. 1. F Most people do not fit perfectly intora personality category. 2 31 4.F There is not a correlation between shyness ‘and inteoversion 3 6.F.A Type B petson is an extrovert aT 8. F.A"Type D person likes to be told what to do, EXERCISE 1 A2Y 6N 3.N %N 4Y BN BY B. 2, who resembles 2 daisy: 1 Tewwhom most 3. you know; 7 people consider a 4.whostarted her own charismatic person: ‘greeting card NL business several 8. which can translate years go: NI imo trouble 5. whose encrgies are communicating with setivated by being others: NI alone; 1 9. ho like routine and 6. which is why she tend not to enjoy thas hired Paul and adventure: Mandy to manage her business: NI EXERCISE2 2. which Z.who 3. which 8. whose Aowho 20 5.who 10. who 6 whom Student Book Answer Key 161EXERCISE 3 Suggested areswers: 2. The company, which is named Excelsior Computer; has existed for 15 years. 3. The building where we do most of our work is located downtown, 4 The office that work in has been remodeled. 5. Darren Corgateli, whose wife is my aunt, is the boss. 66. Darren, whom Ive known since Las a child, is an excellent boss 7. Sarah Corgatelli, who is Darren’s wife, keeps the company running smoothly 88 joined the company in 1995, when I graduated from college 9. Lreally admire my colleagues, whose advice has been invaluable 10, Part of my jobis telemarketing, which [like the least. EXERCISE 4 2. which is why 3. the other prisoners respected 4. he's been working for 5. the psychiatrists considered 6. which isthe reason 7. who has been in trouble ‘8. un opinion that / which makes me 9. whom the other prisoners respected 10. for which he has been working 11, whom the psychiatrists considered 12 evidence which (oa that) makes me EXERCISE 5 Dear Mom and Dad, Well, the fist week of college has heen tough, bust inl turned out OK. My advisor, who 38s also irom. Winnipeg, tolel me about growing up there, sowe that hhad something weher we could talk about. Since 1 haven't decided on a major, she had me take one of thot those tests show you what you're most interested in, She alsa had me da one of those personality inventories that thef tell you what kind of person who lan thot) vou are. Ascording to these tests, Tin person soho assified as an extrovert. also found out that Vim ‘most interested in things javolve being on the stage hich sand performing in some way, tant dacsnt surprise me a bit, always liked being in school plays Remember? I signed up for two drama courses, Classes start on Wednesday, and I'm getting to know 162 Student Book Answer Key the other people i the dormitory eich I ive Ws here Not much else right now. Il all ina week or so. Love, Alice EXERCISE 6 A. Aldocsnt like the fact that one of his roommates is always asking to borrow money. Bu 6b 3b Ta 4a 8b Bb oa EXERCISE 7 more than one man 1- more than one tie more than one teacher one teacher 7 more thun one group tof students 8. one group of students 9, one garden 10, more than one garden UNIT 13 (p i AFTER YOU READ Ate 5b 2d be BE Te 4a &h B.A. critic 2icoaking 6, interconnectedness 3.government 7. India 4teconcle 8 8. exploiters EXERCISE 1 A. Students should draw a line between the circled noun and undertined clause 2. Mandela reaches out tolrangois Plenaa} with whom he develops an enduring fiendship.— 3. The picture strs/Morgan Freeman|an(Mati) (Damon, both of whom play theicroles to-near 4. Clint Eastwood) hose: films Lalvays goo irected with great skill, 5. Science-ction films a compelling example of which i Auntaz comtinac to be popular: 6. The movie is astoryjin which the Pandorans vanquish some exploiters fom Earth7. The American couple's Mesican fowsehape to ‘whom they've entusted their children takes the lids to her sons wedding in Mexico 8. tn the process he finds the lovely Lata) from B, 2, whois caught ina dead-end job 3, which tars Mersl Streep and Aniy Adams ‘which is set ona planetary moon called Pandora 5. which was directed by James Cameron of Titan fame 6. that are rivaled by those of few ether films 7. that was left in Morocco by a Japanese man 8. whieh features Dey Patel and Freida Pinto as hero and heroine EXERCISE 2 2, both of which were directed by Ja 3. all of whom are highly regarded European directors 4. all of which hove earned a great deal of money 5. all of whom have played the role of James Bond 6. neither of whom is known as a singer +s Cameron EXERCISE 3 2. Spider-Man, based on the popular comic book, is one of the highest-carning movies of all time. 3. The Pirates ofthe Caribbean, starring Johnny Depp, are al very popular 4 Clint Eastwood has directed many big movies, including Milton Dollar Baby, Gran Torino, and Invictus. 5. The Harry Potter novels, written by LI Rowling, have translated well to the sercen. EXERCISE 4 2. Many science fiction films have been financially successful. They include Spider-Man, Jurassic Park, ard Avatar: 3. The topeearning animated films are Findéng [Nemo and Shrek 2, Tve seen both of them 4. The Hurt Locker wos the best picture of 2009.11 Features lesser known actors, 5, Beverly Hills Chihuahua stars Drew Barrymore and Andy Gareia. I respect both of them, EXERCISE 5 Anssvers will vary EXERCISES Dear Brent, ‘Sarah and Tare having a great time in Los Angeles. We spent the first day atthe beach in Venice sand saw where The Sting was filmed—vou know, that famous movie steered Paul Newsman and Robert Redford? Yesterday we went to Universal Studios ‘and learned about all the cinematic tricks, most of ware of: Amazing! The funny thing fs that even though you know the illusion presented on the sereen is just an illusion, you still believe is real when you see the movie, Then we took the tram tour around the premises: some of whieh I recomized. I felt like jamping off the tram and shouting, “Would everyone famous please give me your autograph?" In the evening we ‘went 1oa party at the home of one of Saralvs home friends, many of them are connected with the movie business. Thad a really interesting conversation with a fellow working in the industry who claims that a id saw several actors working, lol of movies mmeking these davs are modeled conceptually after amusement park rides, Just like the rides, the movies start slowly and easily, then. they have a lot of twists and tarns are caleulated: to scare you to death, and they end happily: Maybe Pirates of the Caribbean is an example. Pretty fascinating, huh? What next? Sorry to spend so much time talking about movies, but you know what an addict Tam, Anyway, TI}et you know my arrival time, which I'm aot sure ‘of yet, so that you can pick me up atthe airport Love you lots, Amanda EXERCISE 7 A. Casablanca is hor all-time favorite. B2F 2 3F BF 47 97 BF OF 6 EXERCISES bet bee bea boar Student Book Answer Key 163EXERCISE 9 A Beautiful Mind (2002) €-135 m. Rating: #4 Director: Ron Howard Starring: Russell Crowe, Jennifer Connelly, Ed Harris, Paul Bettany, Christopher Plummer, Adam Goldberg, Judd Mirsch, Josh Lucas, Anthony Rapp, Austin Pendleton An unusual story inspired by incidents in the life of John Nash, a brilliant West Virginia ‘mathematician who flowers at Princeton in the late 1940s and goes to work at MLL. But his marriage and sanity are put to a painful test. The central story twist is amazing—and completely unexpected Crowe is excellent as usual, and the film offers an overdue showcase for Connelly ns the student who becomes his wife. Oscar winner for Best Picture, Director, Supporting Actress (Connelly), and Adapied Screenplay (Akiva Goldsman). PG-13, 41, a, College students wha live close to campuses spend less money on gas, Bb College students, who are expected to study hard, have to become responsible for themselves. 2. a. People, who are the only animals with a capacity for creative language, have highly developed brains 1b People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones. 3. a. The cay, which was invented in the late 19th century, has revolutionized modern lif, 1 The car that I would realy like to buy isthe tone in the far comer of the lot 4 a. Science fiction movies, which have become extremely popula in the lst two decades, ‘often carn hundreds of millions of dollars for their studios 1b The science fiction movies that have earned the most money collectively are the Star Wars films. 5. a. The panda that was given to the National Zoo died recently 1b The panda, which is native only to China, és bon the Endangered Species List 6. a. A film directed by Steven Spielberg is likely to be a blockbuster B.A Beautiful Mind, directed by Ron Howard, \won the Academy Award for best picture: 164 Student Book Answer Key 7. a. Many Canadians, including Donal Sutherland and Michael J, Fox, are major {international film stars b, A film directed by Pedro Almox6var is likely tobea financial success. 2 Dear Mom and Dad, Thanks again for bringing me down here tothe university last weekend, Classes dida't start until Wednesday, so [had a few days to get adjusted. I'm signed up for five courses: zoology, calculus, English, and two history classes. a heavy lond, but they're all courses that will count for my degree. The zoology class, which meets at 8:00 every morning, fs going to be my hardest subject. The history close that I have inthe morning is on Western civilization: the ome that Ihave in the afternoon ison early US. hhistory. Caleuha, which I have at noon every day Tooks like its going fo be relatively easy, Besides 2oologs; the other elass that's going to be hard is English, which we have to write a composition sveek for ike all of my roommates but ane, There ure four ig two gis from Teas of us in our suite, inclu and a girl from Manitoba, Here's a picture af u Sally, who is from San Antonio, is great; I fel {'ve known herll my life. She’ the one on the left also rally like Anne, the gitl from Manitoba, She's the ane on the right. But Heather, the other girl from ‘Texas, i kind of a pain. She's the one next to me in the midlle. Heather is one of those penple who never tell you whits bothering them ard then get hostile. Al inl, though, it looks like it’s going to bea great year Tl write again in a week or so. Love, Vicky AFTER YOU READ Abb 6b Ze he 3a Bd 4d oaB. 1. F.The flight Cooper hijacked originated whether or not in Porthand Cooper was killed aT by the impact of his 3.F. The money Cooper fall and the weather received Was in conditions. twenty-dollar bill, 7. ALF. The passengers 8. F. Some people ‘were not aware of think Cooper got away with the erime, 6.F Its not known, shat Cooper was doing. 5. FA portion of Coopers money was discovered by an cight-yearold boy EXERCISE 1 2. was handed: a 3. was being hijacked: a 6. were founda Thad to have been chad... been killed; © photocopied 8. has not been Schasbeendiscovered:a divulged: b EXERCISE 2 2.Tarccaught 6. Tare rewarded 3. disappear 7.4; dont realize 4:20 8.7, are watched 3. Tis helped EXERCISE 3 2.are being questioned 3. was being opened 4 was being helped S.are being withheld 6. are currently being interviewed EXERCISE 4 2 havent been cracked — 11. was considered 3. was sighted 12, was accompanied 4.008 found 13, were received 5. was determined 14, have been 6. had been abandoned discovered Thad been set 15. Could she and 8. might have been Noonan have been threatened killed 9. was caused 16. shouldn't be solved 10. has not been proved ‘ok proven EXERCISE 5 Alb 2b 3a 4a Sb 6b B.2.havethemenlarged 7. had completed the 3.gettinghiscartuned work up 8. had finished the 4.have a tllight report teplaced 9. had it typed S.gotlunch delivered 10, having the 6. gotten analyzed kitchen remodeled EXERCISES In aur day we blew in sence and have the ipleed fecling tht every question can be eepain and every problem can be solved. But some ofus want the ‘Opposite. We dont want everything to be explained. We like puzales. We fel that mystery i need in our lives. “The mysterious crop circles that have Bee ppeated around the world in the last 25 years or so tae ate an example ofthis, These formations have. reported in more than 20 countries, including the United States, Canada, and Australia, But most of them have becn found in grain fields in southern England, These circles, which are large and flat, are ‘caused by'a foroe that flattens the grain but does not being destroy it, They are still been made. How have these circles been produced? By whom have they been made? Since the first discovery of the cireles, many explanations have been proposed, ‘According to some peopl, the circles have been made by sprit creatures like fairies. Others say they have been caused by “Star Wars" experiments or are left ‘messages that have been denving by extraterrestriaks ing our planet. Two British painters, David Chorley and Douglas Bower, say they 3paG made the crop cireles over a period of years as a joke. IFthis is true, however, how can we explain the erop circles in Australia and Canada and other places? They been could all have being made by Chorley and Bower, cco they? Tn 2002, director M. Night Shyamalan released his movie Signs, which is about the evop cirele question ‘The movie shows clearly thatthe crop cireles made bby invading aliens from beyond our solar system, ‘This is one interesting and enjoyable theory. More sxplanatons lke it get need. What’ fun Speculation, The misty doesn't nec a be solved EXERCISE 7 A. Ahivand-nun accident occurred this evening. B. 2. The boy was struck by a Toyota Camry: 3. The boy was crossing the intersection alone. 4. The car disappeared immediately. 5. The boy sustained massive injuries. 6. The boy was taken to Downtown Medical Center. 7. The boy is being cared for in the Intensive Care Unit 8. His condition is described as critical. Student Book Answer Key 1659. Any 6968, 10. A reward is being offered. xe with information is asked to call 44 EXERCISE 8. being: happening 6's being: happening 2. S been; already done 3. S been; already done 4. being: happening being: happening 7.5 been; already done 8. been: already done EXERCISE 9 Student A's Clues and Student B's Completions (1) Las born, or maybe I should say Twas created ..(2.)... a 5:00 in the morning on August 6, 1762, (2) Anall-night card game... (3.) played at a gaming table (3,) Fas created by... 4.) -. an Englishman ‘named John Montagu, the fourth eat! of the place I was named after (4) The "hero" type of me gets its name. .(1.) because of the hero-sized appetite that’s needed Student B's Clues and Student A's Completions (8.) The snack ordered by my ereator was composed of... (6.).. some slices of meat between two slices of bread, (6) I's almost certain. ..(9.)..-that fm being caten somewhere in the world this very minute. (7) My creator was hungry but too busy to leave the game, ... (8.) be delivered tothe gaming table (8) Two slices of bread with a filling between them ...(8.)...have been known by my name since then. (8.) And the "submarine" wpe of me. .(7.)...is shaped like a submarine was being Coneet order of the clues: 1,3,2,7,5,8,4,9,6 Mystery object: a sandwich (eee AFTER YOU READ A Ba Sb 2d 2d 4d 6a Re 5. toothbrush 6. dentists therapists or psychiatrists B illnesses B.1. Americans 2. bathroom 3.sink 4 shaving 166 Student Book Answer Key EXERCISE 1 A2S 4S 60 £0 10.5 3.0 50 720 90 B.tano b.no 2. bono 3 hve 4 byes EXERCISE 2 2.aresurrounded by Te is made up of (ox is divided into an fs composed ol) B.isdivided into 9. ave found (ox are located) 10, ste found in (on ‘relocated in) 3. isdivided into (or is composed of on is made up of 4. is located (or is found) 5. iscomposed of (on is made up of) 6.is bordered by EXERCISE 3 2. was thought to be 3. is claimed to have been (on is claimed to be) 4, ave regarded as 5. were believed to be 6. have been considered 7 8. 9. 0. 3. is asstumed to have been (ox is assumed to be) are alleged to he ed that Lee Harvey Oswald was the assassin of President John Kennedy 5. In the Middle Ages, it was believed that fairies and other spirit creatures were rel 7. INis said that Bigfoot, supposedly a large, wsterious forest creature, lives in the Pacific Northwest. 9. Today, it is assumed that Willian Shakespeare was the author of the plays credited to him 10, From time to time, iti alleged that certain people are criminals EXERCISE 4 Answers will wa EXERCISE 5 Every area ofthe world has its ovr legends, and Asia is no different. One of the most famous Asian legends is ahout the Abominable Snowman, alsa called the yeti, of the Himalayas. Is the yeti just 2 believed legend that is bekeve because people want things to bie veal, or does he really exist? ‘The yeti thought to be a huge ereature—perhapsstall as eight feet. His boy is supposed ta be fe oid covered with long, brown hair: He mes to have 2 pointed head and a bnirless face that looks something like a man’. Its claimed that he lives near Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the located ‘world, which foentes on the border of Nepal and ‘Tibet. Sightings ofthe yeti have been reported for centuries, but the yeti was made known to the rest of the world only in 1921. In that year, members of an ‘expedition to climb Mt, Everest saw very lange tracks in the stow that looked like conclusive evidence ofthe y luring that expedition, but interest was stimulated, Other expeditions were undertaken. In 1951, explorer Erie Shipton led a search in which some gigantic, humareappearing tracks were found. Once again, the yeti himself was not seen. In 1969, Sir Edmund Hillary, who is regarded one ofthe greatest climbers ‘ever arranged another expedition, this time with the Intention of not only seeing the yeti but of capturing him. Once again, racks were discovered, but that ‘was all. Hillary eventually decided the footprints be might simply considered normal animal tracks cenlarged by the daytime melting of the snows In 1964, Boris F Porshey, a Russian seientis, said that he believed that the yeti actualy existed, He theorized that the vet isa surviving descendant of ove lived Neanderthal maan, a creature whe is believed to bre from 200,000 to 25,000 years ago andl is thought by some to be an ancestor of modern humans. Porshev has never actually been able to spot the yeti, however: ‘The mystery continues. Does the yeti really exist, odo people just want to believe he exits? Ite Zorn meeataneaasaeay ten nsida wisveler acne eS ‘most notably, Bigfoot in North America, Time will tell, but maybe we shouldn't be so quick to dismiss the Abominable Snowman as nothing more than an entertaining story EXERCISE 6 A. The locale is the “lost continent of Atlantis, B2F 47 6F &T BF &T oO7F | O8F EXERCISE 7 2. The people spend a geet deal of time om the appearance and health other bodies 3. The president says that a great tragedy has ssruck the ation, . I alleged that thy cme frm the East. Is said that stenge creatures lke the yeth snag actually ist. 6. Every day cach member ofthe family enters the room. 7. The countries of Hatt and the Dominican Republic are located on the atime island 18. Betty’ letter srrived on Wednesday afternoon, Rolleen Laing poured herself a second cup of coffee as she ate her breakfast, which consisted of fried ens, orange, and a piece of dry toast, She was {62 yours old and had been successlul as a university professor, witer of detective fiction, and an amateur detective. Just then the telephone rang. It was Harry ‘Sadler, a local police detective. Ever since Rolleen hhad helped Harry crack a murder case several years previously she had been called in as an unofficial ‘consultant on several cases. She had helped Harry solve eases involving a hit-and-run victim, a suns TY cere nd at cele a Hi, Rollcen. This is Harry. You're needed on. ‘nother case, It's a robbety this time. Some thieves broke into the art mascum and stole a yaa Go a Picasso, Gauguin, and a Matisse. Meet me at the ‘museum at 10:00, OK2" 2 On the evening of Ausust 6, 1930, Judge Joseph Force Crater, wealthy, successful, and good-looking New Yorker, disappeared without a trace. Earlier in the evening he had been seen with friends ata observed (Manattan restautant and thepobsereesthim departing. AL 9:10 rhe walked out the door of the restaurant and hailed 2 i, He was soon driven away; No one ever say or heard from him again. I ‘was 10 days before he was even reported missing. On August 16, his wi Student Book Answer Key 167caked the eerste shosecretere-wertked of his whereabouts, and learned that he was probably off on political business. This news reassured Mrs, Crater somewhat, but ‘when he stil hadn't turned up by August 26, a group of his fellow judges started an investigation. A grand jury was convened, but its members could not come toany conclusion as to what had happened to Judge Crater: They theorized thatthe judge might have developed amnesia, mightheve run away voluntarily, fr bech x crime victim. His wife disagreed with the firs two possibilities, holding that he had been murdered by someone in the Tammany Hall organization, the political machine that controlled New York City at the time, The mystery remains unsolved te this day. Crater could have been killed murdered by a yirlfriand bya Tammany Hall agent, gtr tere mrorterethim, or kidnapped by an organized crime group. He might in fat have suffered from amnesia, he might heve planed is cum diseppearance brim. Reports of Judge Crater sightings have contintied to surface aver the last several decades. (era AFTER YOU READ Add 3g 5.0 7h 2f de be Bb 5. writer 6. socializing Thonest 2. kavaking 3. contacting 8 listened EXERCISE 1 A220 4C 6C &C 3.0P 5.0P 7.0 B2Y 4Y 6N BY BN SY 2Y EXERCISE 2 A. 2. vewetating 10. working. 3. worrying 11. playing 4-not having 12. collecting Snot working 13. singing 6. making 14, not singing 15, singing 16, orienteering Z.socializing B. having 9. mecting B. 2. Bobis helping 6. my becoming 3. 7. their being 4. 8. Our getting 5. - My boss’ criticizing Her living 5. Marys avis 168 Student Book Answer Key EXERCISE 3 2.secing T.studying Shaving enrolled 8 helping 4. assigning 9. passing 5. arguing 10. having told 6-having said EXERCISE 4 ‘Suggested questions Doyou prefer being asked out on a date or asking someone yoursell? 2, Are you more interested in entertaining yourself br in being entertained! by others? 3. Do you prefer preparing dinner yourself or being invited to dinner by friends? 4. Do you like being told what to do or giving orders? 8, Do you like figuring thi shown hovs to do thi 6. Doyou prefer being given advice by friends o giving your friends advice? Ansuers to the questions will vary ss out yourself or being EXERCISES Dear Adam, Te been here for three days andl am having a zea time, but I cant help wish vou Were here too. Tettng Tell your boss Tm really angry at him. Not fet you. take any vacation time qualifies him forthe Serko: the Year Award, (Just kidding, Don't say that!) Believe tor not, the first night I missed hearing all the city naises, bat t haven't really had any getting trouble ferzet used tothe peace and quiet since then, tah Everything’ all so relaxed here—there’s no resi around or write things dawn in your Daily Planner, needed, even if ts only for two weeks. The ranch has riding rafting lots of activities—horsebock ride, river aft on the Rio Grande, hiking in the wilderoess—vou name it. ‘The ranch employees do everything for you—beine taken care of is nice, for a change, and love being chauffesred around Santa Fein the ranch limousine. ‘Tonight a group of us are going out toa country svestern dance place called Rodeo Nites in Santa Fe, ‘so having taken those tworstep dance lessons last ‘summer will come in handy. Is just too bad you couldn't come along so se could both have a good time, Tomorrow we'e all going to Taos Pueblo to ‘watch some weaving being done and to see some Native American dancing, which is ereat because