Assignment

History of Operating system:

Computer operating system provide a set of functions needed and used by most
applications programs on a computer, and the links needed to control and synchronize computer
hardware. On the first computers, with no operating system, every program needed the full
hardware specifications to run correctly and perform standard tasks, and its own driver for
peripheral devices like printers and punched paper card readers. The growing complexity of
hardware and applications programs eventually made operating systems a necessity for everyday
use.

 Background:
o The earliest computers were mainframes that lacked any form of operating
system. Each user had sole use of machine for a scheduled period of time and
would arrive at the computers with program and data, often on punched paper
cards and magnetic or paper tape. The program would be loaded into the machine,
and machine would be set to work until the program completed or crashed.
o First operating system used for real work was GM-NAA I/O, produced in 1956
by General Motors research division for its IBM 704. Most other early operating
systems for IBM mainframes were also produced by customers.
o OS/360 for mid-range and large systems. This was available in three system
generation options:
 PCP for early users and for those without the resources for
multiprogramming.
o Development of MS-DOS began in October 1980, when IBM began searching the
market for an operating system for the yet-to-be introduced IBM PC.
o After a successful period of MS-DOS the new operating system were developed
by xeros-star. This is called Graphical user interface. It is now become a more
powerful OS and used mostly all of the users. This is easy to understand, learn
and doing task easily.
 Many new OS also developed after GUI, these are Touch, speak, gesture etc.

History of Windows Operating System:

Microsoft windows is a family of OS. We look at the history of Microsoft’s Windows
Operating System from 1985 to present day.

 The windows operating systems are more formally called Microsoft Windows and is a
family of OS for personal computers. Windows dominates the personal computer world,
running by some estimates, more than 90 percent of all personal computers the remainder
running LINUX and MAC OS.
 Windows provide a GUI virtual memory management, multitasking, and support for
many peripheral devices. In addition to window OS for personal computers, Microsoft
also offers operating systems for servers and personal mobile devices.
 Background:
o Windows 1.0-2.0 (1985-1992)
 Introduced in 1985, Microsoft windows 1.0 was named due to the
computing boxes or windows that represented a fundamental aspect of the
OS, instead of typing MS-Dos commands, windows 1.0 allowed users to
point and click to access the windows.
o Windows 3.0-3.1 (1990-1994)
 Windows 3.0 was released in MAY, 1990 offering better icons,
performance and development graphics with 165 color designed for intel
386 processors.
o Windows 95
 Windows 1995 released in august 1995 and was a major upgrade to the
Windows Operating System. This OS was a significant advancement over
this precursor, windows 3.1.
o Windows 98
 Offers support for a number of new technologies, including FAT32, AGP,
MMX, USB, DVD, and ACPI.
o Windows XP
 Released in 2001. Along with a redesigned look and feel to the user
interface. It give user more comfortable and reliable environment.
o Windows Vista
 Released in November 2006. Advancement in reliability, security, ease of
deployment, performance and manageability over windows XP.
o Windows 7
 Released in October 2009. Improved performance and start-up time, Aero
Snap, Aero Shake, support for virtual hard disk.
o Windows 8
 Released in august 2012. And is a completely redesigned operating system
that been developed form the ground up with touchscreen use in mind as
well as near instant on capabilities that enable a windows 8 PC to load and
start up in a matter of seconds rather that in minutes.