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SA-395
2. Referenced Documents
3. Ordering Information
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall
A 247 Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure of
include the following applicable information:
Graphite in Iron Castings
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Test- 3.1.1 Drawing, catalog number or part identifica-
ing of Steel Products tions,
A 395M Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure- 3.1.2 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
3.1.3 ASTM designation and year of issue,
(Metric)
A 536 Specification for Ductile Iron Castings 3.1.4 Heat treating requirements (see 4.2.1),
A 732 /A 732M Specification for Castings, Investment, 3.1.5 Pressure test requirements (see 6.4.2),
Carbon and Low Alloy Steel for General Application, 3.1.6 Test samples from castings (see 9.1.1 and
and Cobalt Alloy for High Strength at Elevated Tempera- 10.1.1),
tures
A 834 Specification for Common Requirements for Iron 3.1.7 Test coupons size (see 9.2),
Castings for General Industrial Use 3.1.8 Metallographic option (see 10.1.1),
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SA-395 2007 SECTION II, PART A
736
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2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-395
8.2.3 The plugs, where practical, shall conform in 9.1.2 Test bars removed from castings shall conform
all dimensions to the standard ISO 3⁄8 plugs. In addition, to Fig. 5. The testing diameter shall be 1⁄2 in. if possible.
they shall have full thread engagement corresponding to Smaller diameters shall be utilized if necessary.
the thickness in the repaired section. Where a tapered plug
9.2 The test coupon size shall be as mutually agreed
is impractical because of the excess wall thickness in terms
upon between the manufacturer and purchaser. In the
of plug diameter and coincident thread engagement, other
absence of agreement, it shall be the option of the manufac-
types of plugs may be used provided both full engagement
turer.
and effective sealing against pressure are obtained. Where
possible, the ends of the plug should be ground smooth after 9.3 The test coupons shall be cast in molds made of
installation to conform to the inside and outside contours of suitable core sand having a minimum wall thickness of
the wall of the pressure vessel or pressure part. 11⁄2 in. for the 1⁄2 in., 1 in. sizes, and 3 in. for the 3 in.
8.2.4 The material from which the plug is manufac- size. The coupons shall be left in the mold until they have
tured shall conform in all respects to the materials specifi- changed to a black color (approximately 900°F or less).
cations which apply to the pressure vessel or pressure part. The keel block as shown in Fig. 1 or the modified keel
block produced from the mold shown in Fig. 4 may be
8.2.5 The area adjacent to the drilled hole shall be
substituted for the 1 in. block shown in Fig. 2.
examined by radiography, and shall meet the Level 3
acceptance requirements of Reference Radiographs E 689 9.4 When investment castings are made to this specifi-
and supporting Reference Radiographs E 446, E 186, or cation, the manufacturer may use test specimens cast to
E 280 as applicable and defined in accordance with Refer- size incorporated in the mold with the castings or separately
ence Radiographs E 689. cast to size using the same type of mold and the same
8.2.6 The thickness of any repaired section in relation thermal conditions that are used to produce the castings.
to the size of the plug used shall not be less than that given These test specimens shall be made to the dimensions
in Table 1. shown in Fig. 1 of Specification A 732 or Figs. 5 and 6
of Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
8.2.7 The minimum radius of repaired sections of
cylinders or cones in relation to the size of plug used shall 9.5 Separately cast test coupons shall be poured imme-
not be less than that given in Table 2. diately after the castings and shall represent the metal
8.2.8 A repaired area may consist of a maximum of treated with the nodularizing agent, and be identified with
three plugs with a spacing such that the ligaments between the castings they represent.
adjacent plugs shall not be less than listed in Table 3. Other 9.6 The manufacturer shall cast a sufficient number of
defective areas may also be repaired by plugging provided test coupons to provide for each ferritizing anneal. The
the minimum ligament between plugs in adjacent areas is test coupons shall be heat treated with the castings they
not less than twice the distance from the nearest plug, the represent. Sectioning of the test coupons prior to heat treat-
values for which are listed in Table 3. ing is not permitted.
8.3 Surface imperfections in castings other than valves, 9.7 The metallographic examination shall be made on
flanges, pipe fittings, pumps, and other piping components a test lug from the recommended test coupon shown in
may be repaired by plugging provided the depth of the Fig. 6 or from a casting. The test coupon shall represent
plug is not greater than 20% of the thickness of the casting the metal treated with the nodularizing agent.
section and the diameter of the plug is not greater than its
length. Repair of surface defects may not be done on pres-
sure containing portions of castings. The plug need not be 10. Number of Tests and Retests
threaded. The conditions of 8.2.1 and 8.2.4 shall also be 10.1 One tension test shall be made from sections cut
satisfied. from the test coupons (Fig. 3) for each ladle treated with
the nodularizing agent.
9. Test Coupon 10.1.1 Unless otherwise stated in the contract or
9.1 The separately cast test coupons from which the order for castings, a metallographic examination may be
tension test specimen is machined shall be cast to the size substituted for the tension test when separately cast test
and shape shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, or Fig. 4. Sectioning coupons are used. When the microstructure option is used,
procedure for removing test specimens from Y-blocks is a minimum of one tension test is required from each day’s
shown in Fig. 3. melt and for each heat treatment (see 10.2).
9.1.1 Test samples may be removed from castings 10.2 If any tension test specimen shows obvious
at locations designated on a drawing or as agreed to by defects, another from the same coupon, or from another
manufacturer and purchaser. coupon representing the same metal and the same anneal
737
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SA-395 2007 SECTION II, PART A
738
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2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-395
739
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SA-395 2007 SECTION II, PART A
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2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-395
741
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SA-395 2007 SECTION II, PART A
FIG. 5 STANDARD 1 / 2 IN. ROUND TENSION TEST SPECIMEN WITH 2 IN. GAGE LENGTH AND EXAMPLES OF
SMALL SIZE SPECIMENS PROPORTIONAL TO THE STANDARD SPECIMEN
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2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-395
TABLE 1 TABLE 2
MINIMUM THICKNESS OF REPAIRED SECTIONS MINIMUM RADIUS OF REPAIRED SECTIONS
Iron Pipe Size Plug, Minimum Thickness Repaired Minimum Radius of Cylinder
in. Section, in. Iron Pipe Size Plug, in. or Cone, in.
1 11 1 9
⁄8 ⁄32 ⁄8 ⁄16
1 7 1 11
⁄4 ⁄16 ⁄4 ⁄16
3
3
⁄8 1
⁄2 ⁄8 11⁄16
1
1
⁄2 21
⁄32 ⁄2 11⁄4
3 3 3
⁄4 ⁄4 ⁄4 2
1 13
⁄16 1 21⁄2
11⁄4 7
⁄8 11⁄4 4
11⁄2 15
⁄16 11⁄2 51⁄4
2 1 2 81⁄8
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SA-395 2007 SECTION II, PART A
TABLE 3
MINIMUM LIGAMENT BETWEEN PLUGSA,B
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2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-395
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENT
The following supplementary requirement shall not apply unless specified in the pur-
chase order.
S1. A microstructure test lug is to be cast attached to the casting at the location designated on the casting drawing.
The microstructure of the test lug shall be essentially ferrite and contain no massive carbides.
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746
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