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2016
VyQ/(It)
My
P/A
A
Vy Myx/Iy
Vx Mx
Tr/J
P
ΣFx = 0 to find Vx
ΣFy = 0 to find Vy
ΣFz = 0 to find P
ΣMx = 0 to find Mx
ΣMy = 0 to find My B
ΣMz = 0 to find T
VxQy/(Iyty)
Then
P/A
σ = EP/AEMxy/IxEMyx/Iy Tr/J
Mxy/Ix
τ = EVxQy/(Iyty)EVyQx/(Ixtx)ETr/J
Flexure Torsion
(circular
members only)
Lecture 21 ENGR 240 Strength of Materials Fall 2015
2016
Deflection of Beams
w
We have previously covered the
relationship:
EIy’ = ∫M
L
y’ = 1/(EI)∫M
For 0 ≤ x ≤ a,
= slope of the elastic curve, i.e. the EIy1’’ = M1(x)
deflected shape of the neutral axis of y1 = 0 @ x = 0
the beam.
For a ≤ x ≤ L,
∫y’ = 1/(EI)∫∫M EIy2’’ = M2(x)
y2=0@x=L
y = 1/(EI)∫∫M
Also need matching boundary conditions.
= equation of the elastic curve; value y1 ’ = y2 ’ @ x = a
of the deflection (upward is y1 = y2 @ x = a
positive).
Four boundary conditions are needed to
Double integration yields two constants of solve for C1, C2, C3, and C4.
integration, C1 and C2. They must be
determined from the physical boundary
conditions.
P
y’ = 0 @ x = 0
y=0@x=0
Lecture 22 ENGR 240 Strength of Materials Fall 2015
2016
Example:
L/4
L
A B
PL/2
x
Is equivalent to
w
y1
Lecture 23B ENGR 240 Strength of Materials Fall 2016
2015
A B
B = 3P/4
L L/4
Column Buckling P
M
When we analyzed short columns under
compression, we assumed that the columns
V
would fail by crushing. The state of stress is
σ = -P/A.
Let p = e[P/(EI)]
The critical load that can be put on the
column before it will buckle was derived by
the Swiss mathematician, Leonhard Euler.
So D = Epi.
P P
Boundary conditions:
h y
y=0@x=0 ∴B=0
y = 0 @ x = h ∴ A sin (ph) = 0
So A = 0 or sin (ph) = 0
From Trigonometry:
P P
Lecture 24 ENGR 240 Strength of Materials Fall 2015
2016
e[P/(EI)] (h) = nπ
P = n2π2EI/h2
Pcr = π2EI/h2
For n =2:
P
P = 4Pcr
Pcr = π2EI/Le2
Le = 2h
L
This one must be derived from a
differential equation.
Boundary Conditions:
y=0@x=0
y’ = 0 @ x = 0
y=0@x=L