Kemal Halilović,profesor matematike Brčko 1

Algebarski racionalni izrazi

Dijeljenje

Dijeljenje algebarskih razlomaka vrši se na isti način kao dijeljenje običnih razlomaka.
N.p.r.
2 5 2 7 14 4 5 15 3 3 1 3
: = ⋅ = 3: = 3⋅ = :5 = ⋅ =
3 7 3 5 15 5 4 4 7 7 5 35
Dakle iz primjera se vidi da je najjednostavniji put dijeljenje pretvoriti u množenje ,a onda
vršiti operaciju po pravilumnoženja racionalnih izraza

ZADACI

4 x − 4 y 12 x − 12 y 4(x − y ) 12(x − y ) 4(x − y ) (x − y )(x + y ) x − y

1. : 2 = : = ⋅ =
3x + 3 y x − y 2
3(x + y ) (x − y )(x + y ) 3(x + y ) 12(x − y ) 9

2.
a 2 − 2a + 1 a 2 − a
: 2 =
(a − 1) : a (a − 1) = (a − 1) ⋅ (x − 2)(x + 2) = (a − 1)(x + 2)
2 2

x − 2x x − 4 x (x − 2) (x − 2)(x + 2) x (x − 2)
2
a (a − 1) ax
 3x 2   x  1 − x − 3x x + x + 1 1 − 4 x 2 x + 1 (1 − 2 x )(1 + 2 x ) x + 1
2 2 2

3. 1 −  :  + 1  = : = : = ⋅ =
 1− x   x +1 
2
1− x2 x +1 1− x2 x +1 (1 − x )(1 + x ) 2 x + 1
1 − 2x 2x − 1
= =
1− x x −1
 2x + 1 2x − 1  4x
4.  − =
(2x + 1)2 − (2x − 1)2 ⋅ 3(2x + 1) = 4 x 2 + 4 x + 1 − (4x 2 − 4x + 1) ⋅ 3 =
 :
 2x − 1 2x + 1  6x + 3 (2x − 1)(2x + 1) 4x 2x − 1 4x
4 x + 4 x + 1 − 4x + 4x − 1 3
2 2
8x 3 6
⋅ = ⋅ =
2x − 1 4x 2 x − 1 4x 2 x − 1
ax + a  1 3x  a (x + 1) x 2 − x + 1 + 3x a (x + 1) x3 +1
5. 2 : + 3 = 2 : = ⋅ =
x − x + 1  x +1 x + 1 x − x +1 x3 +1 x 2 − x + 1 x 2 + 2x + 1
a (x + 1) (x + 1)(x 2 − x + 1)
= 2 ⋅ =a
x − x +1 (x + 1)2
 x2 − x − 3  25x 2 − 110 + 121 x 2 − x − 3 − x (x − 4 ) + 2(x − 4 ) x 2 − 2x − 8
6.  − x + 2 : = ⋅ =
 x−4  x 2 − 2x − 8 x−4 25x 2 − 110 + 121
x 2 − x − 3 − x 2 + 4x + 2 x − 8 x 2 − 4x + 2x − 8 5x − 11 x (x − 4 ) + 2(x − 4 )
⋅ = ⋅ =
x−4 (5x − 11)2 x−4 (5x − 11)2
5x − 11 (x − 4 )(x + 2 ) x+2
= ⋅ =
x−4 (5x − 11) 2
5x − 11
a +a
2

a2 + a a2 − a a (a + 1) a+2 a +1
7. a 2 − 4 = 2
2
: = ⋅ =
a − a a − 4 a + 2 (a + 2 )(a − 2) a (a − 1) (a − 2 )(a − 1)
a+2

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