Works Cited

Primary Sources

Brown, Annie. Christine Grant at Grant Field. 2018. ​Reveal News​, Center for Investigative

Reporting, 5 May 2016,

www.revealnews.org/article/a-mans-game-inside-the-inequality-that-plagues-womens-col

lege-sports/. Accessed 2 Feb. 2018.

From this article, I learned about inequality in women’s sports, mostly in Iowa. The website

talked a lot about recent happenings on the Iowa Campus, but it went back to the past,

and also talked about coach Christine Grant. The picture depicts Christine receiving an

award at Grant Field, which was named after her, because of her accomplishments in

athletics. Grant played field hockey as a child and grew a deep love for the sport when

she moved to Canada to become a coach, player, and umpire in the sport. This website

is credible because it was written by Annie Brown, a qualified author, and writer for the

website. She has written other articles on this site before and is a valid author/editor. This

article received a 49 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test, which is an amazing score, and

means that this is a very valid site for our project. We will use this website because it has

a great photograph of our person, Christine Grant. We are putting the picture as the main

photo on our home page, so we will definitely be using this source well.

Christine Grant: Title IX Shares Ground with Right to Vote​. Composed by DMRegister,

YouTube.
By watching this video, we learned more about Christine Grant and her view on Title IX. She

talked about how she thinks that men still have an advantage to women when it comes to

getting scholarships or a free education. She said that most people supported the

educational part of Title IX but there were many protests about sports. She thinks that

that that is the most important part of Title IX but the sports aspect is important as well.

We know that this is a credible source because it scored a total of 47 out of 50 points on

the CRAAP test which evaluates it on currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, and

purpose. We can use this source on our website to show more about Christine Grant’s

opinion on Title IX and the people and organizations. She talked about her experience as

the president of the AIAW and the protests and rallies that occurred before and after Title

IX was passed.

Collection of the U.S. House of Representatives. C​ollection of the U.S. House of

Representatives​. ​History, Art, and Archives United States House of Representatives​,

history.house.gov/People/detail/18329. Accessed 16 Feb. 2018.

By using this picture We can learn about what Patsy Mink has done for Title IX. Patsy has been

a women’s rights activist for almost her whole life. She was a representative in Hawaii

and there she fought for Title IX and women’s rights. She always supported Title IX and

without activists like her, women’s rights and women’s sporting rights wound not be the

same as they are today. We believe that Title IX has made a huge step in the right
 direction for women’s rights in the United States. This picture is credible because it

scored a 47/50 on the CRAAP test. This means that we could easily find the author, the

date it was taken, and the website we found it on. A 47/50 is a great score that shows it

will be a great picture to put on our Nation History Day project. We will use it to put on

our website to show some other activities that played a big role in Title IX. Patsy Mink is

one of them that has paved the way for women’s rights and the passing of Title IX.

Cress, Joesph. ​Iowa women’s basketball vs. Western Michigan​. 2018. ​The Daily Iowan​, Daily

Iowan, 19 Nov. 2017,

daily-iowan.com/2017/11/19/iowa-womens-basketball-vs-western-michigan-11-19-17/.

Accessed 18 Feb. 2018.

By seeing this image, we can prove that Title IX was a very important law passed so that women

could have the same opportunities as men. In this picture, you can see two women’s

teams playing against each other in a basketball game. Title IX has helped us reach this

state by letting girls and women play in what used to be just men’s sports. Women can

now play all sports that men can because of Title IX and the activists that still fight on

today. Title IX has allowed women in the United States to have more freedom whether it

be in sports or jobs and it let the United States become more equal. We know that this

image is credible because it scored a 48/50 on the CRAAP test. This is a great score and

it shows that I will be able to get all the important information for my citation. I will use

this picture by putting it in our Nation History Day website to show how Title IX is being
 put to use today. We think that Title IX is a very important event that happened in the

United States.

Dayton Daily News Archive. University of Dayton Flyers Women’s Basketball Team. 1980.

Dayton Daily News​, Cox Media Group, 2018,

www.mydaytondailynews.com/news/catching-the-madness-dayton-teams-and-basketball-

success/hDygqawfXn3I2s18oaPWaL/. Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.

This picture will help our website because it shows that women were receiving more

opportunities short term to when the law was passed. The photograph shows the Dayton

Flyers Women’s Basketball team, winning the AIAW Tournament in 1980. In 1980,

women’s sports were still controlled by the AIAW, not the NCAA. This was a huge

problem in some people’s eyes, but it changed later, which gave women more rights. This

website is credible because it was written by an accurate newspaper. The article only uses

valid facts, so we know it is a good website to use. It received a 47 out of 50 on the

CRAAP Test, which checks for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose.

This signals that is a great photo and primary source to put in our bibliography. We will

use this picture, because it shows the difference between women’s basketball in the 80’s

after Title IX was passed, and now. It also signifies that there was a change in

opportunities directly after the law was signed.

Gall, Mariah. ​Five Women Standing with​. ​Tes Teach​,

www.tes.com/lessons/vW-7Yc0WgxRprg/1800s. Accessed 1 Feb. 2018.

This picture shows women in the 1800s playing tennis. It works with our paragraph because we

are talking about sports that were popular before Title IX. A couple of these were tennis,

badminton, and archery. It was thought before the law of Title IX that girls were weak

and didn’t want to play competitive sports. Only a few percentages of girls played high

school sports, but the numbers went hugely up after they weren’t being discriminated

against. The website we found this picture on is We will use this photograph because it

works well with our article about women’s sports before Title IX. It also has good

credible pictures, and it contains content that really makes our website better, and more

appealing. credible, because it is a teaching website with much credible information and

photographs. It received a 47 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test, which tests a source for

Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose. All of the links worked on the

article, and it had many more pictures about the topic.

Getty Images. ​Arrivals at the Salute to Women in Sports Awards (Source: Getty Images)​. 16 Oct.

2013. ​Zimbio​, 16 Oct. 2013, www.zimbio.com/Nancy+Hogshead-makar. Accessed 19

Feb. 2018.

By looking at this picture, we can get information about Nancy Hogshead-makar. Nancy has

been working to improve women’s rights for years. She is an activist as well as a

three-time Olympic gold medalist for swimming. Nancy’s gold medals helped her fame

which made it easier for large amounts of people to hear her talk about women’s rights.
 Without the help of Nancy and other activists such as Christine Grant, Patsy Mink, and

Marcia Greenberger, Title IX would have not been passed and women would not get the

same opportunities they do today. This picture is credible because it scored a 47/50 on the

CRAAP test. This means it is a great source that we can put on our National History Day

project. We will use this picture to put in our website to talk about other influences of

Title IX. This way we can show who else helped in the fight for Title IX. Overall, we

think that this website will be great to use for our project.

Grant, Christine. “Interview with Christine Grant.” Interview by Ellyn Bartges. ​Illinois.gov​,

edited by Illinois.gov, 2009,

www.illinois.gov/alplm/library/collections/oralhistory/SportStories/girlsbasketball/Docu

ments/GrantChr/Grant_Chr_4FNL.pdf. Accessed 28 Nov. 2017.

By reading this interview, we learned about the different people who helped Christine Grant

throughout her life, and how they influenced Title IX. Throughout the interview, they talk

about the AIAW, or [Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women], and her

background in education. During the interview, Christine also talked with the interviewer

Ellyn Bartges about the other colleges that supported Title IX at the time she worked at

the University of Iowa. This interview is credible because it was conducted by Ellyn

Bartges, a prestigious professor who knows firsthand about the difficulties facing female

athletes. It received a 47 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test, which tests for currency,

relevance, authority, accuracy, and purpose. We took off a couple points because during
 the interview they trailed off and talked about their personal life, instead of keeping with

the interview questions. We will use this interview because it shows a first-hand insight

into Title IX and its influencers. This interview would help us in parts of our website

used for showing long-term effects, as this interview was conducted in 2009, 36 years

after Title IX was passed. Those reasons show how this interview will benefit our

website.

Grant, Christine. “Christine Grant.” ​Sports Management Resource​, 2008,

www.sportsmanagementresources.com/our-consultants/christine-grant. Accessed 20 Nov.

2017.

By reading this website, we found much information on our topic of Title IX and Christine

Grant. We learned that Christine served for 27 years as the Director of Intercollegiate

Athletics for Women at the University of Iowa. Also, Christine Grant was recognized as

National Administrator of the Year by the National Association of Collegiate Women

Athletics Administrators. These are just some of the awards mentioned on this website

that Christine has received. We believe that this website is credible because it got a 49/50

on the CRAAP test. This is an excellent score, therefore, we are confident that this will

help us receive more information about Christine Grant and her role in Title IX. We

learned lots from this source and it will help us greatly in creating our website. We will

use this source to make our website more professional with lots of good information

about our topic. We like the information on our topic that this website provides us with
 and we will use it very well to help make our website as informative as possible. This

website taught us lots about what Christine Grant did that was very important such as

standing up for Title IX and Women’s rights. This website is a great choice for helping

our project be successful.

---. “Christine Grant Papers.” 1952-2005. ​Iowa Women’s Archive​,

web.archive.org/web/20080704155338/http://sdrc.lib.uiowa.edu/iwa/findingaids/html/Gr

antChristine.htm#biographical. Accessed 7 Dec. 2017.

By reading this document, we learned about Christine Grant’s early life and education. She

received her Diploma in Physical Education at Dunfermline College, in Scotland when

she was 20. She then became a high school teacher/coach, and field hockey coach and

umpire at the high school, collegiate, national and international levels in British

Columbia, Ottawa, and Toronto. Soon after, Grant moved to Iowa to pursue a bachelor’s

degree in Physical Education, and once received, masters. Throughout her life, she

received numerous prestigious awards and honors for her work in Title IX and in

education. This document is credible because it is kept in the Iowa Women’s Archives, at

the University of Iowa Libraries. The series of papers were donated by Christine Grant

herself, so you know it has accurate information. It also received a 47 out of 50 on the

CRAAP Test, which checks for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose.

We will use this document because it has hundreds of resource link on the page. That will

help us with more citations, and the biography will help us with her early life and
 education. It also has many speeches and newspaper articles from Christine Grant, which

would make good primary sources.

---. Interview. 27 Jan. 2018.

By interviewing Christine Grant, we learned a lot about Title IX and Christine’s role in it. This

was by far our best source we learned so much about Title IX and it was explained to us

in person so we could ask any question we wanted. Title IX was a law passed in 1972 to

let women have opportunities in sports as well as in careers like being a lawyer or going

into medicine. This law let many women do whatever they want to do and it made the

United States more equal. We think that Title IX is an amazing law that is very important

in our lives today. This interview is credible because it received a 50/50 on the CRAAP

test. This is a perfect score and this is because it was an in person interview so we got our

most valuable information. We will use this interview not only to use the information in

our website but also so we can put clips of our interview in our website. This will give

our website primary sources right from Christine Grant talking.

---. “An Interview with Christine Grant.” Interview by Ellyn L. Bartges. ​Abraham Lincoln

Presidential Library​, 29 Aug. 2009,

 www.illinois.gov/alplm/library/collections/oralhistory/SportStories/girlsbasketball/Docu

ments/GrantChr/Grant_Chr_1ABST_01.pdf. Accessed 6 Dec. 2017.

By reading this pdf, we can learn about Christine Grant’s life as a child and as an adult. Christine

Grant was born in Bo’ness, Scotland on May 27th, 1936. Christine finished her

undergraduate work at Dunfermline College of Physical Education in Scotland. After

living in Scotland, she moved to Vancouver Canada in 1961. Then, in 1968 Christine

moved to Iowa to start her graduate later getting her Ph.D. in 1974. In 1973, the president

of the University of Iowa made the decision to have twelve women’s sports become

varsity level and then create a position of women’s sports athletic director. Christine

Grant was chosen for this position and because of her women can have the same chance

as men in sports and other rights concerning school. We believe that this pdf is a great

and credible because it received a 49/50 on the CRAAP test. We think that this source is

going to be good information of my groups to use in the National History Project. We

will use this website to our advantage by using it for our National History Day project

and learning about Christine Grant and her role in Title IX. This will also help us learn

about Christine Grant’s early life.

Hankins, Patty. 2003 Protesters Title IX. 2003. ​Beautiful Flower Pictures​, Beautiful Flower

Pictures Blog, 2018,

www.beautifulflowerpictures.com/blog/national-girls-and-women-in-sports-day-february

-6-2008/. Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.

This picture greatly helps our website, because it also confirms the idea that women fought back

for Title IX. Although this photograph was taken in 2003, 31 years after Title IX was

passed, women were not receiving the rights they earned. In the picture, a woman is

holding a sign that says “Don’t Bench Our Daughters.” We think that by people doing

this, it greatly helped to further equality in athletics. This website is credible because it

has many valid pictures, all credited with specific sources. It received a 46 out of 50 on

the CRAAP Test, which checks for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and

Purpose. The site scored a very high number in each category, so that signals that is a

great website to use as a source. We will use this website because it has an amazing photo

of women protesting for equal rights for their daughters in athletics. The image shows

how they fought for rights, and really helps our website.

Iowa Department of Human Rights. Christine Grant. ​Iowa Department of Human Rights​,

Iowa.gov, humanrights.iowa.gov/christine-hb-grant. Accessed 11 Feb. 2018.

This photograph will help our website because it shows Christine Grant when she was young,

and when she was directly involved in Title IX. It adds a lot to our slideshow and content.

This picture is important because it is found in the Department of Human Rights, and that

shows a lot about what an important person she is. She did a lot for women’s rights over

the years she lived in Iowa, and it shows in her achievements.

This website is credible because it is a government website that has all valid information. It is

also honoring her, and the text is all accurate, so be reading it, you can tell the importance

of the department. It received a 47 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test, which tests for

Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose. This score shows that it is an

amazing source to use. I will use this source because it really adds to our website and the

content. It shows the timeline of her life, and how she started out in women’s rights.

The Iowa Hawkeyes. Christine Grant Iowa Basketball Hall Of Fame. 14 Feb. 2017. ​Twitter​,

2018, twitter.com/TheIowaHawkeyes/status/831614611585716227. Accessed 18 Feb.

2018.

This picture will help our website because it shows Christine Grant at the school where she

helped so many students and worked for most of her life. Grant moved to Iowa in 1969.

She wanted to get a degree at the University of Iowa, and after she did they hired her as

their athletic director. While working at Iowa, she fought for the law of Title IX to be

passed and finally won in 1972. This picture is credible because it was posted on the

University of Iowa account, which is a credible website. It received a 48 out of 50 on the

CRAAP Test, so we know it is a valid picture to use. This test checks for Currency,

Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose. It scored great in these categories so we

know it is an accurate site. We will use this picture because it makes a great header for

our Christine Grant page. The picture shows Grant where she worked and influenced

people her whole life, so we will use it to show that in our website.
Iowa Women’s Archives. Christine Grant, Gerda Lerner, Ida Beam. 15 Nov. 2002. ​Iowa

Women’s Archives​, U Of Iowa Libraries, 2018, www.lib.uiowa.edu/iwa/timeline/.

Accessed 11 Feb. 2018.

This picture helps our website because it shows Christine Grant with other influential women in

women’s rights, Gerda Lerner and Ida Beam. It is a powerful photograph and shows the

importance of Christine Grant, and the number of supporters of this law. They all came

together to support women’s rights, with other professors at the University of Iowa. This

is a credible source, because it is associated with the University of Iowa website, and that

is an EDU website. It received a 47 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test, which tests for

Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose. This score shows that is a very

valid website, and a good one to use for information. We will use this

photograph because it shows Christine Grant with other influential people, and ties in

very well with our topic. We will put in our slideshow because it is a great credible

source.

Katz, Daniel. Richard Nixon Signing Title IX. 2015. ​Daniel Katz Ph.D.​, WordPress.Com, 23

Nov. 2015, danielskatz.net/2015/11/23/who-was-the-last-education-president/. Accessed

11 Feb. 2018.

This picture helps our website because it depicts Richard Nixon signing the law of Title IX in

1972. It was taken at a very important moment in history, so it adds a lot to our website.
 At first, the President of the United States did not agree with the law, but after a long

battle, it was passed making America an equal country. This photograph is credible

because it received a 48 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test, which shows it is a very credible

source. The CRAAP Test checks a source for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy,

and Purpose. The website received an amazing score in each category, so it is definitely

valid. We will use this source because it is a very important picture that adds a lot to our

website. We put it on our Title IX page, and it really shows how many people supported

this law.

Library Of Congress. ​A Women’s Liberation March in Washington, D.C.​ 1970. ​Common

Dreams​, 2017, www.commondreams.org/views/2017/01/18/when-women-revolted.

Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.

This picture will help our website because it confirms the idea that women protested during the

70’s to gain equal rights in sports and education. Other than rallies, people also brought

cases to court, when women were being unjustified. One of those women was Christine

Grant. When her students were being discriminated against she took action. By doing

this, it greatly helped the law of Title IX being passed, and without those brave women,

we would not have this type of equality. This website is credible because it is a .org

website, that used its photograph from the Library Congress. It received a 47 out of 50 on

the CRAAP Test. This test checks for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and

Purpose. The website and picture both scored a very high score in each category, so we

know it a very good website to use. We will use this picture because it shows the great
 impact of women when they stood up for what they believed in. It shows the reader what

kind of things were happening before Title IX was passed, and the discontent of the

citizens of the United States.

Linder, Jeff. Christine Grant Receiving Award at Iowa Basketball Game. ​The Cedar Rapids

Gazette​, 2 Feb. 2017,

www.thegazette.com/subject/sports/hawkeyes-complete-sweep-of-rutgers-20170202.

Accessed 8 Feb. 2018.

This is an image of Christine Grant receiving an award at an Iowa basketball game along with

other influencers at the time. She was being recognized for all that she has done for

women’s rights and to help girls have an equal shot in sports as men starting in

Carver-Hawkeye Arena. Christine Grant played a big role in the process of the arena

being built and she along with many others was able to see it put into use. She was one of

the main people who helped to get Title IX passed which leads us to where we are today

in athletics and education equality between men and women. We know that this is a

credible image because it comes from a quality source. This newspaper is reliable and it

has been helpful in the past for us on this project. We will be using this image on our

website to show just one of the many accomplishments that Christine Grant has had

throughout her lifetime. We will use it to also show that there are other important women

and influencers besides Grant and they all had a part of their own in the passing of Title

IX.
Marcia D. Greenberger. ​DCBar.org​, District of Columbia Bar, Nov. 2015,

www.dcbar.org/bar-resources/publications/washington-lawyer/articles/november-2015-le

gends-in-the-law.cfm. Accessed 16 Feb. 2018.

This is an image of Marcia D. Greenberger. Marca D. Greenberger is the founder and

co-president of the National Women’s Law Center. This picture is showing what she

looks like and it will create a visual of for the people viewing our website. She was a very

influential woman that played a big role in the passing of Title IX. She also is a supporter

and influencer in women’s rights. She has helped to pave the way for women today in

athletics and education. We know that is is a credible image because it came from a

quality and trustworthy website. It also scored a total of 49 out of the 50 points possible

on the CRAAP test. The CRAAP test evaluates sources based on currency, relevance,

authority, accuracy, and purpose. We know that this image will be useful when we are

creating our website. We will use this image on our website on the page about all of the

important people who helped to get Title IX passed. Marcia Greenberger along with

many other women were very influential people that helped in women’s rights.

Mitchell, Callie. ​Christine Grant Interview​. 30 Sept. 2013. ​The Daily Iowan​, Daily Iowan, 2018,

www.dailyiowan.com/2013/11/13/Photo/. Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.

This picture helps our website because it is a good picture for the header on our Christine Grant’s

Role In Title IX Page. It shows her in an interview with the Daily Iowan, talking about

the University of Iowa’s Field Hockey Program. Grant always loved field hockey and

became involved with the program when she came to the University of Iowa. Later, the

field was named after her, for her accomplishments in women’s athletics. This website is

credible because it was written by a valid local newspaper. It received a 48 out of 50 on

the CRAAP Test. This test checks for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and

Purpose. This site scored very high in each category, so that shows how valid the

photograph is, and how accurate it is to use on our website. We will use this photograph

as the header for our Roles In Title IX page because it shows Christine Grant, and what

an effect she’s made in Iowa since she moved here in 1969.

NCAA. “Christine Grant Title IX.” ​Women’s Leaders in Sports​, NCAA, 2018,

www.womenleadersincollegesports.org/WL/resources/leadership-content/because-of-title

-ix/christine-grant.aspx. Accessed 23 Jan. 2018.

By reading this website, We can learn about Christine Grant’s life, her role in title IX, and how

she helped change the lives of many while campaigning for Title IX. I have seen girls and

women enthusiastically embrace their opportunities in sport, thereby growing stronger

physically, mentally, and emotionally, thus empowering themselves to be significant

contributors to our society- Christine Grant. From reading this I can tell that Christine

Grant has helped many women achieve their dreams that they could one day, play sports.
 We believe that this source is credible because it scored a 49/50 on the CRAAP test. This

is a great score meaning that we can use this source on our Website. This website is a

primary source because it is one of Christine Grant interview. We will use this Website to

learn about how Christine grant helped Title IX pass. We think that using this website

will be good information to pu on our Nation History Day project.

---. 1981 Convention. 1981. ​NCAA​, 2 Feb. 2011,

www.ncaa.com/news/ncaa/2011-02-02/equal-opportunity-knocks. Accessed 8 Feb. 2018.

This picture helps our website, because it shows a group of very influential people at the 1981

Conference, during the time of a very important decision being made. At the time

intercollegiate sports for women were controlled by the AIAW. The AIAW sponsored

tournaments and was in charge of all women’s college sports. This conference was held

to decide whether the NCAA would take control of the AIAW. Many believed that if they

were combined, it would be the dawn of a new era of women’s sports. Others thought

that the NCAA would push them aside, and not serve equal opportunities. In the end, the

AIAW was destroyed, and the NCAA prevailed. This website is credible because it gives

accurate information about sports and recent events in the world. It received a 49 out of

50 on the CRAAP Test, which tests for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and

Purpose. This is a very good score, and the website had working links, correct content,

and was updated recently. We will use this picture, because it makes a good header for
 our Short-Term page, as it shows many influential people at a very important time in

women’s history.

Protesters supporting Title IX. ​Weebly.com​, Weebly, histproject.weebly.com/women.html.

Accessed 16 Feb. 2018.

This is an image of a group of protesters who think that women should get more rights in sports.

They have signs that say things such as “Support Equality in Sports” and “Women are

Athletes Too”. This was before Title IX was passed and people were angry about how

women were not given the same chance as men to have a good education and to

participate in competitive sports. We think that this is a good image to show because it

shows that there actually were people that were directly affected when Title IX was

passed. It was a positive for so many people in America that want to pursue an education

or a career in athletics. We know that this image is credible because it came from a

trusted website that had quality information. It also scored a total of 48 out of the 50

points possible on the CRAAP test which evaluates sources on currency, relevance,

authority, accuracy, and purpose. This shows that it is an image that we can use on our

project and we will be able to know that it is accurate. We will use this image on our

website on the section about protesting and it will help to show how unfair the conditions

were for women in America before Title IX was passed. It shows how much people

wanted to be given a fair shot in sports and education.

Scrivner, David. ​Dr. Christine Grant, left, and C. Vivian Stringer are recognized prior to the

Hawkeyes​. 2 Feb. 2017. ​Hawk Central​, Des Moines Register and Iowa City Press Citizen,

5 May 2017,

www.hawkcentral.com/story/sports/college/iowa/2017/05/05/q-a-christine-grant-jane-me

yer-verdict-implications-iowas-future/311955001/. Accessed 11 Feb. 2018.

By choosing this picture we can learn more about the important awards Christine Grant has won

and how she’s changed women sports forever. In this picture, you can see Christine Grant

standing in the University of Iowa gym receiving an award. Christine Grant was an

amazing and very influential activist. We have learned a lot about how our country has

become almost equal in sports for women. Even though we have come a long way, sports

are still not completely equal Christine Grant and other activist are working to make all

aspects of equality perfect. This picture got a 46/50 on the CRAAP test so we can tell that

is is a great source for our website. We feel confident that this picture will help us do well

to incorporate visuals for our project. We will use this picture to enhance the look of our

website. This picture is perfect and it shows an award that Christine Grant has won from

helping women’s rights.

The University of Iowa. ​CHRISTINE GRANT The former women’s athletic director has earned a

national reputation advocating opportunity for all athletes.​ 2007. ​The University of Iowa

Be Remarkable​, U of Iowa,
 itsnt774.iowa.uiowa.edu/be-remarkable-archive/portfolio/people/grant-c.html. Accessed

11 Feb. 2018.

By seeing this picture, we can learn a lot about Christine Grant and how she played a role in the

making of Title IX. Christine Grant was the women’s athletic director at the University of

Iowa. She worked there for many years and was later introduced into the University of

Iowa hall of fame. Christine Grant was always working to better equality in the United

States after she learned that although women loved playing competitive sports, women

didn’t have the rights to do so. This conflict caused many United States citizens to help

and campaign for women’s rights. We know that this picture is credible because it scored

a 47/50 on the CRAAP test. This picture can tell us more about Christine Grant and it is a

great visual for us to learn about her. We will use this picture to our advantage by putting

it in our website to help you learn about Christine Grant and women’s right by looking at

a picture instead of reading about her. In conclusion, we think that this is a great picture

to use for our National History Day project.

“What Does Title IX Mean to You, Christine Grant?” ​NCAA​, uploaded by NCAA, National

Collegiate Athletic Association, 12 Aug. 2008,

www.ncaa.org/videos/about/resources/inclusion. Accessed 16 Nov. 2017.

By watching this video, we learned about Christine Grant’s thoughts on Title IX. She believed

that Title IX was only about equality. We also learned a little bit about her childhood in

Boness, Scotland. She played sports as a child and took it for granted until she realized
 how many women didn’t have this opportunity. After this, she fought hard for Title IX

and was surprised when many people tried to eliminate the law. This video is credible

because, it was an interview, created by the NCAA. The NCAA has accurate information

on many sports topics, so it is a trustworthy site. This website is also credible because it

received a 47 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test. It is a good primary source because it shows

Christine Grant’s direct thoughts on Title IX through her interview. We will use this

source on our website for primary sources, and show how she thought when the law was

being passed, and hopefully now. We think it will be a very useful source, because it

gives us more of an idea of her direct thoughts, compared to the ones of authors from

websites. We will probably use the quotes from this video, to make our website greater.

Wilson, Dr. Amy. ​Title IX​. ​Powerpoint​ file, 2017. Infographic.

By interviewing Christine Grant, we learned a lot about Title IX and Christine’s role in it. This

was by far our best source we learned so much about Title IX and it was explained to us

in person so we could ask any question we wanted. Title IX was a law passed in 1972 to

let women have opportunities in sports as well as in careers like being a lawyer or going

into medicine. This law let many women do whatever they want to do and it made the

United States more equal. We think that Title IX is an amazing law that is very important

in our lives today. This interview is credible because it received a 50/50 on the CRAAP

test. This is a perfect score and this is because it was an in-person interview so we got our

most valuable information. We will use this interview not only to use the information in
 our website but also so we can put clips of our interview on our website. This will give

our website primary sources right from Christine Grant talking.

Secondary Sources

Baumann, Courtney. “Christine Grant Stresses Sex Equality.” ​The Daily Iowan​ [Iowa City], 12

Nov. 2014. ​The Daily Iowan​, www.dailyiowan.com/2014/11/12/Metro/39996.html.

Accessed 30 Nov. 2017.

By reading this, we learned about Christine Grant’s accomplishments in her later life. She talked

about the changes Title IX made in the world. A couple of these include women getting

more college degrees, and playing more high school and college sports. In the article, she

says “Sometimes it seems as though people only think of sport when they think of Title

IX, Grant said. [But] these [education numbers] are the most important results of Title

IX. We also believe she is right when she says this. Not just sports, but education played

a big part in Title IX. This website is credible because it was written by a trustworthy

newspaper,The Daily Iowan. It also received a 48 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test, or

Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose Test. It was written by a credible

author, with good quotes. We will use this website, because it has valid quotes, like this

one from Christine Grant. It’s my experience that when women are not at the

decision-making table, issues of concern to them are not on the agenda, she said. That is

why we must significantly increase the number of women in our governing structures at

all levels. It also has great statistics about high school and college sports.
Bergeron, Ryan. “’The Seventies’: Feminism Makes Waves.” ​CNN​, edited by CNN, Cable News

Network, 17 Aug. 2015,

www.cnn.com/2015/07/22/living/the-seventies-feminism-womens-lib/index.html.

Accessed 21 Jan. 2018.

By reading this, we learned about the other feminist movements, other than Title IX, and the

challenges they went through. A lot of changes were happening, and the 70’s were known

as the Women’s Liberation Movement. The article talked about what women wanted, and

how they envisioned gender equality. There was a great improvement when the women

of America were named Time Magazine’s Man of the Year. There were many roadblocks

too though with many, even women, saying they should stay at home and take care of

their families. We know this article is credible, because it was done by CNN, which is a

website that gives accurate facts, and we know we can trust. It received a 46 out of 50 on

the CRAAP Test. The article used credible sources, like Time Magazine, and was

recently published, and updated. we also can tell it is a good source because all of the

links work correctly. We will use this source because it has many great pictures,

information, and quotes. We used its information about the 70’s to help with the context,

and what was happening at the time Title IX was being passed.

Bolling, Louis. “Title IX Celebrations Expose Inequalities in Sports for Women, Communities of

Color.” ​Huffington Post​, edited by HuffPost, Oath, 2017,

 www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/title-ix-celebrations-expose-inequalities-in-sport_us_595

13cc7e4b0f078efd983a2. Accessed 2 Nov. 2017.

By reading this website, we were able to extract more information about Title IX in general. This

gives us more background knowledge about our topic and we learned about the laws that

were passed to help stand up for women’s rights. One of the main things that was

mentioned was how things changed for women in sports and school and the opportunities

that were given to them that were equal to men. We strongly believe that this website is

credible because we used the CRAAP test to see if it meets that standards. It scored a

total of 46 points out of the 50 that were possible which we think is a good enough

source. This source contains a lot of information that relates to our topic perfectly. It

helped us to understand more about Title IX which will help us in explaining it on our

website. We believe that the author of this website intended for readers like us to read it

because we can now use it to help us in many elements of our project.

“Christine Grant.” ​Wikipedia​, edited by Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 6 Aug. 2017,

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Grant. Accessed 30 Nov. 2017.

By reading this, we gained information about Christine Grant. We learned a lot more about her

early life in Bo’ness, Scotland. She was born in 1936, to parents Donald and Jean. She

attended Dunfermline College, in Aberdeen, and worked in physical education, or sports

roles for the rest of her career. Throughout her life, Grant was honored by NACWAA, the
 Women’s Basketball Coaches Association, the Women’s Sports Foundation and the

National Association for Girls and Women in Sport. This website is credible because it

uses references like the Iowa Women’s Archives, a valid source. It also used the articles

Gender Equity in Sports, and “Christine Grant Honored. This Wikipedia page

received a 47 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test, the test that checks for currency, relevance,

authority, accuracy, and purpose. We think it provides good information on our topic. We

will use this website, to show facts like her birthdate, high school, and early education.

The links on the page lead to sites that have information about her awards. It also has

good information for an Early Life page and provides accurate references as sources.

Dochterman, Scott. “Iowa’s Greatest Sports Stories, No. 17: Christine Grant Elevated Iowa

Women’s Athletics into the National Model, Became Title IX Pioneer.” ​Land of Ten​,

edited by The Die Hards Network, Cox Media Group, July 2017,

www.landof10.com/iowa/iowas-greatest-sports-stories-no-17-christine-grant-elevated-io

wa-womens-athletics-national-model-became-title-ix-pioneer. Accessed 2 Nov. 2017.

By reading this, we learned about Christine Grant’s legacy and her early Title IX

accomplishments. She believed Title IX was only about fairness, and that everybody

should receive the same opportunities. Some of her awards include the Gerald R. Ford

Award, and the Billie Jean King Award. All of her colleagues respected her and when she

retired from Iowa, the Iowa Field Hockey Stadium was named after her; Grant Field. This

website is credible, because it received a 50/50 on the CRAAP Test. It also has an
 experienced author, Scott Dochterman, who has a history of sports writing. The site, Big

Ten, has many current sports stories, that connect to our topic. It includes credible videos,

and quotes about the topic. We will use this source, because it has accurate quotes from

Christine Grant, and interesting videos. This source also has good information, for our

website, and for short-term effects. We will most likely use it in the part of our website

about accomplishments, because it includes most of hers in it.

Dreier, Peter. “Billie Jean King and Remarkable Success of Title IX.” ​Huffington Post​, Oath, 24

June 2012,

www.huffingtonpost.com/peter-dreier/billie-jean-king-and-rema_b_1621359.html.

Accessed 7 Nov. 2017.

By reading this website, we learned more about Title IX and some of the people that were

involved in it. The main person that this page talked about was Billie Jean King and how

she influenced this law that was passed. It has information about her life as a child and

then how she was able to take the stand that she did. She was a professional tennis player

who defeated Bobby Riggs in a match and then used this to support women’s rights. She

helped women around the world to have more opportunities in sports and school and she

contributed a lot to Title IX. We know that this source is credible because when we used

the CRAAP test to evaluate it, it received a total of 49 out of 50 points. We have read it

through thoroughly and are confident that it exceeds the standards that is required. We

will use this source for my project to have more knowledge of Title IX and some of the
 different stories and background information that relates to our topic. Billie Jean King,

we a big part of Title IX and she influenced many things that have to do with our topic.

Encyclopedia Britannica, editor. “Title IX American Law” [“Title IX American Law”].

Britannica.com​, Encyclopædia Britannica, 26 Apr. 1999,

www.britannica.com/event/Title-IX. Accessed 1 Dec. 2017.

By reading this website we saw the exact law that was passed on June 23, 1972, that gave

women and men an equal right in sports and educational events. It explains in depth all of

the programs that Title IX applies to and how it affected them directly. It talked about the

process that happened to get the law to the way that it is today. It wasn’t until 1978 that

the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) the law was altered to explain

how it would change college athletics for both women and men. It also went into the

details about what the consequences would be if this law was broken. We know that this

website is credible because it scored a total of 50 out of 50 points on the CRAAP test

when I evaluated it. It is a source that we have used before and it has given me lots of

valuable information about Title IX and other topics. We will use this source to show that

we have the background information about our topic. Christine Grant played a large role

in Title IX and it is important that we know about the things that she fought for. What she

believed in helped women in sports all over the country and influenced the rest of the

world.
“Equality, Sports, and Title IX.” ​YouTube​, 19 June 2013,

www.youtube.com/watch?v=KymR6N1HT88. Accessed 23 Dec. 2017.

By watching this video, we were able to extract more information about Title IX in general and

how the law came to be. We learned that before this law was passed, only 15% of college

athletes were women and in high school only 9% of the athletes were girls. It explained

how the law was passed and the different ways that the people came up with the rules.

They gave schools the opportunity to choose out of three ways how they want the rules to

reflect on their school. It explained the specific requirements that the law contained and

how it than was put into action. Today girls and boys are much more equal in sports. We

know that this is a credible source because it came from a reliable website and we have

used it multiple times before. When we evaluated it using the CRAAP test it scored a

total of 50 out of the 50 points possible. We believe that it is reliable and we are

comfortable using it for information on our website. We will use this video within our

project because it explains the basics of Title IX and shows us how it was put into action

across the country. It taught us more about the law in general and it focused specifically

on the sports aspect which is what we are most interested in.

Haddy, Phillip, and Tom Snee. “Christine Grant Honored as One of 100 Most Influential Sports

Educators.” ​The University of Iowa News Service​, U of Iowa News Service, 17 Aug.

2007, news-releases.uiowa.edu/2007/october/101707christine_grant_honor.html.

Accessed 7 Nov. 2017.

From reading this website, we have acquired more knowledge about Title IX. I learned more

about Christine Grant and her role in Title IX, such as she was the women’s athletic

director from 1973 to 2000 at the University of Iowa. Christine went in front of the house

of representatives during this time to testify for gender equality. Here, she is an expert

witness with cases involving Title IX. We learned that Christine has won multiple awards

such as being inducted into the Hall of Fame for the National Association for Girls and

Women in Sports. We believe that this is credible for multiple reasons. For instance,

after the CRAAP test, this website scored a 47/50 making this website an excellent

source to base our information off of. We are positive that is is a credible source to use

for our website. We plan on using this site to extract more information on Title IX and

Christine Grant. This is a good website because it is associated with the University of

Iowa so we know it is a trusted source. This website has truthful information on Christine

Grant and her role in Title IX. We think this is a great source for our NHD project.

Hamline University. “Hamline University.” ​Title IX​, Hamline University, 2017,

www.hamline.edu/student-resources/sexual-violence-prevention/title-ix/. Accessed 28

Nov. 2017.

By reading this website, we learned a lot about Title IX and other laws that also protect women’s

sports rights and other rights at school. Title IX was a law passed to let Women have the

same chances as men when it comes to sports. It also protects women from rights at
 school. This was important to help us reach gender equivalence and a step to make the

United States more equal. Christine Grant helped this law pass and believed in Women’s

sports rights. This website is going to be a lot of help to my group and we will connect to

our topic and Conflict and Compromise greatly. This website is a great source that is

credible for many reasons. This website scored a 45/50 on the CRAAP test, meaning that

this is an excellent source for my group to use during our National History Day project. It

is good to have credible sources for our project and we think this is a good example of

that. We will use this source so that our National History Day project can benefit from

this great and informational source. This source is full of good and truthful information

that will be helpful to us during this process. We are confident that this source will be

what we need to make our website great.

Hawkeye Sports. “Christine Grant Honored” [“Christine Grant Honored”]. ​Iowa Hawkeyes​,

edited by Hawkeye Sports, U of Iowa Athletics, 17 Oct. 2007,

www.hawkeyesports.com/news/2007/10/17/Christine_Grant_Honored.aspx. Accessed 7

Nov. 2017.

By reading this, we expanded our knowledge on Christine Grant during the time she taught at the

University of Iowa, and her accomplishment of one of the most influential sports

educators in America, by the Institute of International Sport. Grant was an emeritus

associate professor of sports administration, and a women’s athletic director at the

University of Iowa from 1973 to 2000. We learned she was a vocal advocate for gender
 equity in intercollegiate sports and championed Title IX nationwide. She was called a

wonderful teacher, coach, athletic administrator and proponent of women’s athletics by

Gary Barta, athletic director at UI. These facts will help us in many elements of our

project. Hawkeye Sports is definitely credible, because it scored a 47 out of 50, on the

CRAAP Test. The article has frequent quotes from professionals who work at the U of I.

The article was valid, because it was posted recently, and was from a reviewed award

ceremony. There was around 1,500 nominees for the award, and only 100 were chosen,

so it is a very prestigious honor. We will use this site for talking about the effect she

made on her students and her effect on Title IX. We learned by reading this that she

served as an expert witness for Title IX, and an expert consultant for the Civil Rights

Title IX Task Force. We also found that she won many awards throughout her life,

mostly later into it. She was called a wonderful teacher, coach, athletic administrator and

proponent of women’s athletics by her colleagues.

Hawkeyes Sports. “Dr. Christine H.B. Grant Field” [“Dr. Christine H.B. Grant Field”]. ​Iowa

Hawkeyes​, edited by Hawkeyes Sports, U of Iowa Athletics, 2017,

hawkeyesports.com/sports/2016/6/13/facilities-iowa-grant-field-html.aspx. Accessed 14

Nov. 2017.

By reading this website, we can determine that this is a great source for our topic. We gained

knowledge of Title IX and how it connects to Conflict and Compromise. We learned that

Christine has a field named after her for her contribution in Title IX. They have many
 excellent features such as state of the art playing surfaces and facilities. During Christine

Grant’s time as the athletic director, the girls team won 12 NCAA tournaments. We

believe that this website is credible because It scored a 45 out of 50 on the CRAAP test.

This a great source in which we learned much about our topic, Title IX. This source has

given me much information about Christine Grant and her role in this law. We will use

this website to find information about Christine Grant. We can learn about why Christine

has a field named after her and what she has done to help the law Title IX being passed.

Henley, Blair. “Billie Jean King Talks Title IX.” ​Tennis Now​, 13 June 2012,

www.tennisnow.com/News/Billie-Jean-King-Talks-Title-IX.aspx. Accessed 12 Nov.

2017.

By reading this webpage, we were able to learn more about Billie Jean King who was one of the

biggest influencers in Title IX. She was a tennis player who had many great

achievements on and off the court. She played a big role in Title IX and helping to get the

law passed by supporting women’s rights. She was an athlete who used her talent to get

her more publicity so that she could make a bigger influence. We know that this website

is credible because when we used the CRAAP test to evaluate it, it scored 49 out of 50

points total. We are comfortable using this website as a source because we know that the

information is valid and it will help us to learn about my topic and general. We will use

this source on our website as another way to show that we know about the background.

Billie Jean King was one of the biggest influencers on Title IX and without her fight, the
 outcome might not have been the same. That would still affect us today because this law

gave women today many more opportunities in sports and academics.

Hines, Holly. “Celebrating Christine Grant’s Legacy.” ​Press-Citizen​, 12 Aug. 2012,

www.press-citizen.com/story/news/education/k-12/2014/08/12/celebrating-grants-legacy-

locally-nationally/13986739/. Accessed 16 Nov. 2017.

By reading this website, we learned more about Christine Grant and some of the things that she

did as the athletic director for women at Iowa. She is still doing a lot to help schools

today. She has an elementary school that is named after her and is located in North

Liberty. This school was inspired by her amazing work, and she was chosen for it to be

named after her. She has spoken at their school and shared her work with kids

everywhere. We are confident that this is a credible source because it received a score of

48 points out of 50 on CRAAP test. We believe that this will help us in the process of

making our website and that it is a quality source that is approved for us to use as a

reliable source. We will use this source in the making of our website to learn more about

some of the things that Christine Grant has done outside of the areas that everyone knows

her for the most.

“History of Title IX.” ​TitleIX.info - History Overview​, Northridge Interactive,

www.titleix.info/History/History-Overview.aspx. Accessed 15 Feb. 2018.

By reading this website, we learned more about Title IX and all of the things that it includes. It

talked about who it involves and how it impacts the women and men in America who

participate in sports and educational events. Title IX was very helpful for the women who

believe in having a fair society and want the same rights as men. Since Title IX was

passed over 35 years ago, it has been brought up in over 20 amendments. It also talks

about the National Women’s Law Center that is in Washington D.C. We know that this

website is credible because it scored a total of 47 out of the 50 points possible on the

CRAAP test. The CRAAP test evaluates sources based off of currency, relevance,

authority, accuracy, and purpose. We believe that this is a quality source that allows us to

gain more knowledge about Title IX and the people who support it. We will use this

source in our website to show that we know about our topic because this explains the

basic rules and requirements of the law. It also gives a little bit of the background of the

things that Christine Grant wants and the things that she went through to help get Title IX

passed in the first place.

Iowa Department of Human Rights. “2006 Iowa Women’s Hall of Fame Honoree: Christine H.

B. Grant.” ​Iowa Department of Human Rights​, humanrights.iowa.gov/christine-hb-grant.

Accessed 7 Dec. 2017.

By reading this website, we can use information for our website so that we can learn more about

Christine Grant and her role in Title IX. We learned about Christine Grant and how she

changed girls sports forever. Christine helped create more rights at school so everyone
 can feel safe and happy. Christine Grant was a member of the U.S. Olympic Committee

in 1980 and she was selected to be field hockey judge for the 1980 Moscow Olympic

Games. Christine loved the game of field hockey and she later had a field named after her

at Iowa. We think that this website is very credible because it got a 45/50 on the CRAAP

test. This is a good score on this test so we know that we can use this source to make our

website amazing. We will use this website to learn more information about Christine

Grant and the fight for Title IX. From this website, we got more information that we

didn’t have before on Christine Grant and her life. This website will be a good source for

us to use in our National History Day project.

IThemesLab. “Christine Grant - Women’s Basketball Hall of Fame.” ​Women’s Basketball Hall

of Fame​, wbhof.com, www.wbhof.com/Grant.html. Accessed 26 Jan. 2018.

By reading this source, we learned more about Christine Grant and all that she did to support

women’s rights. This website included a list of the things that Christine Grant has

achieved and also some of the accolades that she has received in her life so far. She is one

of the founding members of the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women

(AIAW). She is in the Women’s basketball hall of fame and she has earned recognition

for many of the things that she has done. We know that this is a credible source because it

scored a total of 48 out of the 50 points possible on the CRAAP test. This test evaluates a

source on currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, and purpose. This shows that the site

for the women’s basketball hall of fame is a quality source that we can use on our
 website. This source will be helpful for our website because it explains more about each

award and things that Christine Grant has been recognised for.

Jjackson. “Title IX Frequently Asked Questions.” ​NCAA.org - the Official Site of the NCAA​,

omit The National Collegiate Athletic Association, 27 Jan. 2014,

www.ncaa.org/about/resources/inclusion/title-ix-frequently-asked-questions#dollars.

Accessed 2 Nov. 2017.

While gathering information from this website, we learned more about Title IX and the different

aspects of it. It is a page full of frequently asked questions that ncaa.org has received on

the topic of Title IX and women’s rights. It explained what Title IX is and how it affects

all educational institutions in different categories including equal rights in sports, course

offerings, counseling and counseling materials. It also affects financial assistance, student

health, and insurance benefits and/or other services, housing, the marital and parental

status of students, physical education and athletics, education programs and activities,

and employment for women and men. We know that this is a credible source because we

tested it using the CRAAP test which is a series of questions that helps you to decide

whether a source is reliable or not. When we did this test it scored a total of 47 out of 50

points of possible. This shows us that it is a quality source that we can use on our website

for my project. We will use this source on my website to help explain what Title IX is

and the purpose of it. It gave us a lot of background information on our topic in general
 and will be a huge help in this entire process because it gives us good questions that we

now know the answers to.

Mason, Karen. “Guide to the Christine Grant Papers.” ​The University of Iowa Libraries​, Iowa

Women’s Archive, 2009, collguides.lib.uiowa.edu/?IWA0329. Accessed 3 Feb. 2018.

By reading this source, we learned more about Christine Grant and the things she went through

to support women’s rights. It started by sharing information about her childhood. She was

born and raised in Scotland by her parents Donald and Jean Grant. She went to

Dunfermline college and got a degree in physical education. She eventually moved to

America and attended the University of Iowa where she got her bachelor’s degree. She

was also a field hockey player and coach. She has had many accomplishments and earned

many awards throughout her career. We know that this is a credible source because it

scored a total of 47 out of 50 on the CRAAP test. The CRAAP test evaluates sources on

currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, and purpose. We are comfortable using this

source to help us in our project and we feel that it will help in the creation of our website.

We will use this source to understand more about Christine Grant and what she has done

in her lifetime so far to support Title IX and women’s rights in general. She was a very

influential woman and she played a big role in the process of getting the law Title IX

passed.

Miller, Brice. “Christine Grant.” ​Des Moines Register​,

data.desmoinesregister.com/hall-of-fame/single.php?id=383. Accessed 16 Nov. 2017.

From reading this website, we can gain information about Christine Grant. We learned that she

lived in Bo’ness, Scotland as a child. She lived here during the time of WWII and her

area was bombed by the German warplanes. Christine moved to the United States to go to

college at the University of Iowa. Christine was well known as a Title IX enthusiast as

she wanted women to have the same rights as men, especially in sports. Christine Grant

has worked hard to make her dream of equality a reality. We think that this website is

credible because it received a 49/50 on the CRAAP test.This website gave me more

information on this topic that we can use to our advantage during this NHD project.

We will use this website to extract information on how Christine Grant helped this movement be

passed. This law was passed so that women could have the same opportunity as men

during sports.

NCAA, editor. “Equal Opportunity Knocks.” ​NCAA​, edited by NCAA, 2 Feb. 2011,

www.ncaa.com/news/ncaa/2011-02-02/equal-opportunity-knocks. Accessed 23 Jan.

2018.

While reading this article, we gained information about the 1981 Conference. The 1981

Conference was an NCAA Convention, where influencers and people from the NCAA

came to talk sports. At the conference, the topic of whether the AIAW should join with

the NCAA was discussed. There were many from the AIAW who believed that if they

joined, women would lose rights, and not be respected by the NCAA. But, many women
 thought that they would have more opportunities with the NCAA. After a tie and a

revote, the NCAA won. It was a bleak day for the AIAW, and many say that the takeover

slowed down the development of women’s sports by a good 10 years. We know this

article is credible because it was done by the NCAA, a valid source that provides good

information. Also, most of this article was written based on facts, not opinion. It received

a 48 out of 50 on the CRAAP Test. This source was posted recently, free of grammar

errors, and was backed up by evidence. We will use this source because it talks about the

short-term effects of our topic. It would be a good addition to our Short-Term page and

has amazing quotes.

Olmstead, Maegan. “Happy 45th Anniversary Title IX!” ​The She Network​, edited by Women’s

Sports Foundation, Women’s Sports Foundation, 23 June 2017,

www.womenssportsfoundation.org/sports/happy-45th-anniversary-title-ix/. Accessed 12

Dec. 2017.

By reading this website, we learned about the 45th Anniversary of Title IX, with help from its

influencers. On the page, it talked about a lot of statistics and changes made after Title IX

was passed. An example of one of these statistics is Before Title IX was passed, only 1 in

every 27 girls played sports. Today that number has changed to 2 in 5. Many Title IX

influencers gathered to celebrate this milestone, including Billie Jean King, Deborah

Antoine, and Grete Eliassen. This website is credible, because it is made up of accurate

quotes, and statistics, given from experts on the topic. It received a 49 out of 50 on the
 CRAAP Test, so we know it is current, relevance, accuracy, and purposeful. The

foundation was also created by Billie Jean King, who knows a lot of information about

women’s sports. We will use this web page, because it has many valuable statistics, and

information about Title IX, from Title IX experts. It also is full of quotes from athletes

who attended the 45th Anniversary Of Title IX Celebration. This foundation includes

many articles and pages of beneficial information about our topic.

Rothman, Lily. “Title IX at 45: Amendment’s Early Impact on Women’s Sports.” ​Time.com​,

Time, 23 June 2017, time.com/4822600/title-ix-womens-sports/. Accessed 2 Nov. 2017.

By reading this website, we learned much more about Title IX and the short term effects that it

had back in 1972. We read more about the meaning of the law and how it was put in

place. It was signed by the president, Richard Nixon, who approved this idea and thought

that it was good that women were given more equality compared to men in many

different aspects including sports. We believe that this website is credible because when

we used the CRAAP test, to evaluate it, this website scored a total of 49 points out of the

50 points that were possible. This proves that Time.com is a quality source that we can

trust to use for our website in my National History Day project. We will use this website

to help explain the short-term impact of Title IX. It showed what happened at the time

and gave me the information that we needed to be able to teach it to someone else.
Ruiz, Horacio. “Christine Grant.” ​Women Talk Sports​, edited by Women Talk Sports, 4 June

2011, womentalksports.com/athletes/christine-grant/. Accessed 13 Dec. 2017.

By reading this website, we learned more about Christine Grant and her role as the president of

the Association for Intercollegiate for Women. She is the former athletic director at Iowa

and she had many accomplishments throughout her career. She was one of the nation’s

proponents of the Title IX legislation. She was born in Scotland and was surrounded by

sports as a child. She went to Dunfermline College in Aberdeen, Scotland and got her

diploma in physical education. She then became a high school teacher and a coach in

Graeme, Scotland. She moved to Canada and became involved in field hockey and

eventually was chosen to be the National Coach of the Canadian Women’s Field Hockey

team.Then, she moved to the United States and enrolled at the University of Iowa.

Christine Grant earned her bachelor’s in physical education and her master’s and doctoral

degrees in sports administration. We know that this source is credible because when we

evaluated it using the CRAAP test it scored a total of 50 out of 50 points. We are

comfortable relying on it for information to use in the future. We will use this source in

our project because it tells us most of the background information that we need about

Christine Grant that was tough to find in other places. It gave us lots of valuable

information about Title IX and Christine and will be a good resource that will show on

our website.
Sports Illustrated. “The Most Influential People in Title IX History.” ​SI.com​, Sports Illustrated,

22 June 2007,

www.si.com/more-sports/photos/2007/06/22-0the-most-influential-people-in-title-ix-hist

ory#3. Accessed 22 Jan. 2018.

This website has a list of many of the people that influenced Title IX. It shows people including

Billie Jean King and Birch Bayh who are commonly known figures at the time. They all

had something to do with women’s rights and supporting Title IX during the 1970’s. It

also provides a description of every single person and it explains more about their life

and what they did to support this cause. We know that this is a credible source because it

scored a total of 48 out of the 50 points possible on the CRAAP test. This shows is that it

is reliable in many ways. We are all comfortable using Sports Illustrated because it

showed that it was a quality source by providing all the necessary information. We will

use this website to learn more about Title IX and the different people that were involved

with it and are still involved in it today. It will help us in our project because it has all of

the background information that we need about influencers of Title IX.

---. “Title IX Provided Women with Opportunity on and off Playing Field.” ​Sports Illustrated​, 21

June 2012, www.si.com/more-sports/2012/06/21/title-ix-legacy-impact. Accessed 24 Jan.

2018.

By reading this website, We can find information that will be vital for our National History day

project to become great. This website is the story of a girls named Emily. She started
 playing soccer in kindergarten and she brings up great points about us today not being

able to play the sports we love without Title IX. We think this is just one simple reason

why we should all celebrate the law Title IX. We think that Title IX has helped us in the

United States become more of an equal society. This is a huge step in the right direction

to make where we live, a better place. We are confident that is is a good credible source

for us to use in our website. This is because it scored a 49/50 on the CRAAP test. This is

an excellent score for a website to receive so we will love to use it in our website. We

will use this website to our advantage by putting it in our website to show a real life story

that happened to show that Title IX is a great law that changed our country forever.

“Title IX” [“Title IX”]. ​Know Your Title IX​, Veracity Media, 2017,

www.knowyourix.org/college-resources/title-ix/. Accessed 29 Nov. 2017.

By reading this website, we were able to learn more about the specific rules and requirements of

Title IX. It described how this law directly affects schools all over the country right after

it was passed.The website explained that under Title IX, schools are legally required to

respond and remedy hostile educational environments and failure to do so is a violation

that means that the school could risk losing their federal funding. It showed us the exact

law that was passed, which is also one of the priorities that we want our website to

feature. We know that this is a credible source because it was written under the guidance

of legal experts that are experienced with Title IX. I also used the CRAAP test to

evaluate it and it scored a total of 47 points out of the 50 possible. This tells us that it is
 reliable and we can use it for my project without worrying about plagiarism. We will use

this source to emphasize the short-term effect that we display on our website. This is one

of the most important sections and this website goes into depth about how it changed the

way students at all levels lived their lives.

The U of Iowa. “The University of Iowa College of Education.” ​Christine Grant to Discuss ‘The

Politics of Sport’ in College of Education​, U of Iowa, 11 Nov. 2014,

education.uiowa.edu/news/christine-grant-discuss-politics-sport-college-education.

Accessed 28 Nov. 2017.

By reading this website, we learned about more information on Christine Grant and her legacy.

We learned that Christine was named one of the 100 Most Influential Sports Educators in

America by the Institute of International Sport. We also learned that Christine has

appeared many times in front of judges many times to testify for gender equality and

women’s right. Christine was the first women for the Iowa Athletic Director and work

here for 27 years before retiring. She played a huge role in helping women to be equal

especially in sports. We think this website is credible for many reasons. This website

scored a 49/50 on the CRAAP test, which means it is a great source. This website has

great information and is very credible. We learned a lot about Christine Grant and her

role in Title IX. This website talks about our topic and how it relates to the theme of

Conflict and Compromise. We feel that this website will be a great choice for finding

credible information. We plan on using this website to my advantage by finding lots of

 valuable information about our National History Day project. We know that it is good to

have lots of credible sources on our website and we believe that this is a great example of

that. We like how much information it has on Title IX with Christine. This website is

going to be a great choice for my group to use for our project.

Women’s Sports Foundation. “Title IX Myths and Facts.” ​Women’s Sports Foundation​, 18 2013

2013,

www.womenssportsfoundation.org/advocate/title-ix-issues/what-is-title-ix/title-ix-myths-

facts/. Accessed 23 Jan. 2018.

By reading this website, we extracted information about some statistics of Title IX and different

information about Title IX. We learned what happened before and after Title IX was

passed and the effects it made on the United States. We learned that before Title IX, only

7% of high school girls participated in sports. We also read that when people say Title IX

has resulted in the loss of athletic opportunities for men’s sports, that is false because

they add sports for women instead of taking away from men. We think that this website is

credible because it scored a 48/50 on the CRAAP test. This signifies that this will be an

excellent source of information for us to use on our National History Day project. We

have learned a lot about women’s rights and how women’s sports have risen dramatically

in the past couple of years. We will use this website as a credible piece of information

that our group can use to make our Website have great statistics and lots of valuable

information. We can show that women’s rights still have a long ways to go if we want to
be completely equal to men. We think that this website will be an amazing addition to

add to our website.