Jtasr.

com Case Study

OPTIMAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTI FRICTION PLATES USING CREO AND FEA PACKAGE
1 2 3
Pulavarthi Krishram Raju , P. Siva Subramanyam , K. N. D. Malleswara Rao
1
Post Graduate Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nova College of Engineering and Technology, Ibrahimpatnam.
2 3
Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nova College of Engineering and Technology, Ibrahimpatnam. Assistant
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nova College of Engineering and Technology, Ibrahimpatnam.
ABSTRACT: Clutch is one of the essential components in automobiles. It is located between the engine and the gear box. The main function
of the clutch is to initiate the motion or increase the velocity of the vehicle by transferring kinetic energy from the flywheel. Multiplate
clutch is one of the important parts in the power transmission systems. Good design of clutch provides better system performance.
Multiplate clutch is widely used in racing cars and heavy duty vehicles, which have space limitations and require high torque transmission.
In this paper a pressure plate of multiplate clutch has been designed by using empirical formulae. This work depicts a solid modelling of
pressure plate with CREO package that is employed for varied automotive applications. The structural analysis of clutch plate is done over
different materials. The analysis is carried out on FEA package to get the foremost appropriate material for pressure plate of clutch. From
the analyzed results, stress, strain and total deformation values were compared for all the three materials and the best one was taken out
and the best material with good model will suggest to the company.

KEYWORDS: ANSYS, Creo, Friction Plate, FEA Package.

HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Raju PK, Subramanyam PS, Rao KNDM. Optimal design and strength analysis of a wheel hub by
using different materials. J. Technological Advances and Scientific Res. 2015; 1(4):366-372, DOI: 10.14260/jtasr/2015/51.

INTRODUCTION: Principle of Clutch: It operates on the principle of friction.

Introduction to Clutch: Transmission is the mechanism When two surfaces are brought in contact and are held
which is used to transfer the power developed by engine to against each other due to friction between them, they can be
the wheels of an automobile. The transmission system of an used to transmit power. If one is rotated, then the other also
automobile includes clutch, gear box, propeller shaft axle and rotates. One surface is connected to engine and other to the
wheels, etc. Description of various types of clutches and gear transmission system of automobile. Thus, clutch is nothing
boxes has been given in the following sections of this unit.
but a combination of two friction surfaces.
The term ‘Transmission’ is used for a device, which is located
between clutch and propeller shaft.
A clutch is that part of engine, which engages or
disengages power from the engine crankshaft to
transmission. Clutch is a machine member used to connect
the driving shaft to a driven shaft, so that the driven shaft
may be started or stopped at will without stopping the
driving shaft. A clutch thus provides an interruptible
connection between two rotating shafts and allow a high
inertia load to be stated with a small power.

Fig. 2: Position of Friction Plate

Main Parts of Clutch:

a) Driving member,
b) Driven member.

Driving Member: Driving member has a flywheel, which is

mounted on the engine crankshaft. A disc is bolted to
flywheel, which is known as pressure plate or driving disc.

Fig. 1: Clutch Plates

Driven Member: The driven member is a disc called clutch
Financial or Other, Competing Interest: None. plate. This plate can slide freely to and fro on the clutch shaft.
Submission 15-12-2015, Peer Review 17-12-2015 The operating member consists of a pedal or lever, which can
Acceptance 22-12-2015, Published 26-12-2015.
Corresponding Author:
be pressed to disengage the driving and driven plate. There
Pulavarthi Krishram Raju, are several types of clutch plates available, which are divided
S/o. Prabhudasu, 1-59, into external and internal tooth and the most commonly used
Nagapuram (v), Dosapasu (Post), materials for the clutch plates are steel and for friction
Krishna. material cerametallic or like material, which is named as
E-mail: krishramraju307@gmail.com
DOI:10.14260/jtasr/2015/51. Kevlar and it is a composite material.
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As in brakes a wide range of clutches are in use, wherein
they vary in their working principle as well the method of CLASSIFICATION OF CLUTCHES
actuation and application of normal forces. The discussion Friction Clutch:
here will be limited to mechanical type friction clutches or a. Single plate clutch,
more specifically to the plate or disc clutches also known as
axial clutches. Clutch plate is part of series of discs inside of a
transmission. The clutch plate is round and has a friction
sensitive surface that allows it to grip. It sits next to the fly
wheel, which is connected to the drive shaft permanently.
That means the flywheel immediately starts to spin as soon as
the engine is turned on and the motor turns the crankshaft. Fig. 4: Single Plate Clutch
When this happens in a manual transmission, the clutch must
be disengaged. That is it is pulled back from the flywheel, so it b. Multi-plate clutch, (Multi-plate clutch can be either wet
can spin without engaging the wheels. or dry. A wet clutch is operated in an oil batch, whereas
a dry clutch does not use oil.)
TWO WHEELER CLUTCH PLATES:
Clutch Friction Disc 2-wheeler: Two Wheeler clutch friction
disc also called as friction lining is made up of a splined round
metal part plate covered with friction material (lining). The
splines in center of the clutch disc mash with splines on the
input shaft of manual transmission. This makes the input
shaft and disc turn together. However, the disc is free to slide
back and forth in the shaft.

Clutch Friction Disc Cork and Paper Base: Cork base clutch
is made up of heat resistant non-asbestos cork and fibers.
Grooves are cut into friction material to aid cooling and
releasing clutch disc. In 4 wheeler clutches, the rivets are Fig. 5: Multi Plate Clutch
used to hold the friction material to both sides of the metal
body of the disc. Cone Clutch:
Paper base clutch friction disc is made up of heat-resistant
cellulose based material molded together. Cellulose is used to
prolong life of the clutch and provide more torsional strength.
Paper clutch friction disc has more life than cork base friction
materials as it possess:
 More heat resistant property.
 Low wear and tear characteristics.
 High endurance.

At MK we make clutch as required by our customers with Fig. 6: Cone Clutch

meeting international standards in any design and with any
friction material technology. Centrifugal Clutch:
 Fig. 3: Two Wheeler Clutch Plates Fig. 7: Centrifugal Clutch
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Semi-Centrifugal Clutch. MODELLING OF FRICTION PLATE USING CREO:

Fig. 12: Actual Model

Fig. 8: Semi Centrifugal Clutch

Hydraulic Clutch:

Fig. 13: Optimized Models 1

Fig. 9: Hydraulic Clutch

Vacuum Clutch:

Fig. 10: Vacuum Clutch

Fig. 14: Optimized Model 2
Electromagnetic Clutch:
ANALYSIS USING FEA PACKAGE
 Fig. 11: Electromagnetic Clutch Fig. 15: Meshed Actual Model
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b) Carbon–Graphite Powdered Metal

Fig. 16: Meshed Model 1

Fig. 20: Total Deformation

Fig. 17: Meshed Models 2 Fig. 21: Stress Intensity

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION c) Impregnated Asbestos

Actual Model
a) Cork

Fig. 22: Total Deformation

Fig. 18: Total Deformation

 Fig. 23: Stress Intensity
Fig. 19: Stress Intensity
OPTIMIZED MODEL 1

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a) Cork

Fig. 24: Total Deformation Fig. 28: Total Deformation

Fig. 25: Stress Intensity

Fig. 29: Stress Intensity

b) Carbon–Graphite Powdered Metal OPTIMIZED MODEL

2 a) Cork

Fig. 26: Total Deformation Fig. 30: Total Deformation

 Fig. 31: Stress Intensity
Fig. 27: Stress Intensity b) Carbon–Graphite Powdered Metal
c) Impregnated Asbestos

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Sl. Material Stress Total

No. Intensity Deformation
1 Cork .014108 .382E-03
2 Carbon-graphite .012005 .108E-06
powdered
3 Impregnated asbestos .014529 .101E-03
Table 1: Actual Model Results
Results of Optimized Model 1

Sl. Material Stress Total

Fig. 32: Total Deformation No. Intensity Deformation
1 Cork .012072 .373E-03
2 Carbon-graphite .010921 .101E-06
powdered
3 Impregnated asbestos .010978 .0986E-06
Table 2: Optimized Model 1 Results
Results of Optimized Model 2

Sl. Material Stress Total

No. Intensity Deformation
1 Cork .019755 .512E-03
2 Carbon-graphite .016167 .142E-06
powdered
Fig. 33: Stress Intensity 3 Impregnated asbestos .017177 .134E-05
Table 3: Optimized Model 2 Results
c) Impregnated Asbestos
CONCLUSION: The total project consists of a design and
analysis of different friction clutch plates using different
materials. For the modelling and analysis, we used creo-2.0
and ANSYS package (FEA package). After the comparison of
results we conclude that,
 Considering the criteria of the models
The stress intensity and deformation values are little
better for optimized model-1 compares to actual and
optimized model-2.
 And also by considering the criteria of the materials
used we observed that
Carbon graphite powdered material got the good results
compared to other two materials.
Fig. 34: Total Deformation So we suggest the companies that by using composite
alloy materials with optimal designed models the life time of
the multiple clutch plates may increase.

Future Scope:
 We may reduce the thickness of the friction lining
material of the multiple clutch plates.

We may reduce the weight of the plate by using composite

alloy materials.

REFERENCES:
1. Design and Analysis of clutch using Sintered Iron as a
Friction Material by Mamta G Pawar, Monarch K
Warambhe, Gautam R Jodh.
Fig. 35: Stress Intensity 2. International Journal of Innovative Technology and
Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), ISSN: 2278-3075,
COMPARISON OF RESULTS Volume-3, Issue-7, December 2013.
Results of Actual Model
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3. Jaya Kishore S, Lava Kumar M. “Structural Analysis of
Multi-Plate Clutch.” International Journal of Computer
Trends and Technology (IJCTT) – volume 4 Issue 7–July
2013.
4. Dynamic Analysis of Single Plate Friction Clutch by
Shrikant V Bhoyar. Dr. GD Mehta, Dr. JP Modak.
International Journal of Engineering Research and
Technology, ISSN: 2278-0181.
5. Jaya Kishor S, Lava Kumar M ― Structural Analysis of
Multi-Plate Clutch―(IJCTT) – volume 4 Issue 7–July
2013 ISSN: 2231-2803.
6. Static Structural Analysis of Multiplate Clutch with
Different Friction Materials by Anil Jadhav, Gauri Salvi,
Santosh Ukamnal, Prof. P. Baskar. International Journal
of Engineering Research and Technology, ISSN: 2278-
0181.
Case Study
7. Sankar L, Srinivasan R, Viswanathan P, et al. ―Comparison
study of al-fly ash composites in automobile clutch plates,
International Journal of Emerging trends in Engineering
and Development, Issue 3, Vol. 3 (May 2013), ISSN 2249-
6149.
8. Thermo-mechanical Analysis of the Dry Clutches under
Different Boundary Conditions by Abdullaha OI,
Schlattmanna, Al-Shabibi AM.
Vol. 36, No.2 (2014);172-180, Tribology in Industry.
9. Modelling and assembly of single plate friction clutch of
an automobile by Prafull S Thakare, Vishal J Deshbhratar
and Abhinav P Ninawe. Indian Streams Research Journal,
Volume: II, Issue: II, March – 2012.
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