CHAPTER I

Introduction

Rationale

English speaking ability is very important for people interaction where people almost speak

everywhere and every day through English. In this global era, many people used English as a media

of communication and it makes people who come from different countries to be easier in making

interaction and communication. As one of international language, English is also being taught in

Indonesia both in religious or non-religious institution. As institution of education, Islamic

boarding school also has a program of learning English as the way of communication in daily

conversation. Language is one the most important thing we must learn. In this generation, language

is the way we communicate to other people, to understand each other. According to Chaney

(1998:3), “speaking is the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and

nonverbal symbols in a variety of contexts. Speaking is a crucial part of second language learning

and teaching.” It means students should be able to communicate with the others to get or to share

information and/or to express what they feel. Without language there’s no life that will exist.

Students, Professionals, and others needs a high standard language. The language that is talking

about is the English Language.

Speaking is one way to communicate which ideas and though a message orally. To enable

students to communicate, it needs to apply the language in real communication. According to Gert

and Hans (2008: 207), speaking is speech or utterances with the purpose of having intention to be

recognized by speaker and the receiver processes the statements in order to recognize their

intentions. Brown and Yule (1999: 14) stated that speaking is depending on the complexity of the
information to be communicated; however, the speaker sometimes finds it difficult to clarify what

they want to say. Rebecca (2006:144) stated that speaking is the first mode in which children

acquire language, it is part of the daily involvement of most people with language activities, and

it is the prime motor of language change. It also provides our main data for understanding

bilingualism and language contact. Speaking is one of the four macro skills necessary for effective

communication in any language, particularly when speakers are not using their mother tongue. As

English is universally used as a means of communication, especially in the internet world, English

speaking skills should be developed along with the other skills so that these integrated skills will

enhance communication achievement both with native speakers of English and other members of

the international community. Because of the significant role of speaking in action, Bailey (2005)

and Goh (2007) detailed how to enhance the development of speaking by means of syllabus design,

principles of teaching, types of tasks and materials, and speaking assessment. English is important

in this world because a lot of the major places speak it. For instance, Europe and the Americas

speak it. And because when the early explorers explored in the early days, they claimed some

places for English-speaking places. Now it is a custom for everybody to learn English. Everybody

speaks it! Is the International Language and is one of the most popular and most spoken in the

technology world. People needs to know English language in order to study any science subject or

any computer language. People needs to know English to communicate effectively too many

developed countries. English is very much important in our life. It is necessary in each and every

field. If people knows English we never feel tongue tide in front of others. It's a widely spoken

language. People take pride in speaking English. If we don't know English, we will led behind the

other. English is a need of hour. Today we can't deny the importance of English in our life. To

anyone who lives in an English speaking country, it is of vital importance. Also students will be
prepared for the future. English language is the bridge of life. People cannot understand others

without English. English is very important to the life of human being. English is the most usable

language in this generation, especially students. Students must use English language to have

conversation to other. Different factors are involved in speaking. The first one to emphasize is that

this human ability is an interactive process, its form and meaning depend on the participants, their

previous experiences, the physical setting and the purpose of speech (Brown, 2004). Students

can’t grab anything without a knowledge in English. If students don’t know how to use English

then how can they step or move to the next level. Though some students can speak English but it

is enough for us to meet a higher level. Students must use English as their language as we improve

and move to the next level of learning. English speaking are tested and required for people in all

professions seeking promotion in governmental, educational, scientific, research, medical,

financial, business and other government-supported institutions (He, 2001 and Cheng, 2008).

Following the foreign language comments as being teachers of English, they argue that many

factors are considered to be causes of these problems or this failure in developing the skill, thus,

their grammatical and lexical knowledge isn't enough, the shortage of chances and opportunities

for practice as well as the shortage of interactive speaking in classroom atmosphere (Thornbury ,

2001). Some people can’t understand English. The goal of communicative competence is to make

the students to speak up. Because speaking is very difficult to master, so it is very important to

introduce English as a second language to the students since they in kindergarten. In teaching

speaking skill, teacher is giving instruction to their students in order to communication. “Speaking

is not merely speaking but it is 2 more than talking, therefore, language leaners should be able to

use their thought and sensitivity”, (Oxford Advanced Leaner’s Dictionary, 2003:414 & 443). What

if there is American offering a Job, and you can’t understand what he/she is saying then it is a big
lose. Another difficulty is that the students are lack of English vocabulary because they are passive

users of English. They only use English in English class. It is also very often that in the English

class they do not use English as the main language. In other school speaking English policy are

implemented for their Students to be learned.

As language learners who had learned English intensively, the students should be able to

interact orally each other through English. But in fact, most of the students in Mts Ja-alhaq did not

perform English in their language conversation. They would rather to use Arabic or Indonesia

language than English as a medium of communication, it because of the method in teaching

English that is used by English teacher in classroom is boring method, there is no innovation in

teaching English, which the teacher used traditional method that made English atmosphere in

classroom seems monotone. If students knows how to speak English we are not in the lowest,

people can play with others. English is like a treasure that students must find it for their future.

English must use for the students for their improvement and others. English is the official language

for 45 countries in the world. One third of the world population speak English and 75% of the

television programmes are produced in English. 95% of the United Nations conferences and

meetings are conducted in English and 80% of information on internet is presented in English

(Wang, 2006: 3).

Statement of the problem

The problem of this study is Students in Grade 11 and 12 face a lot of problems with their

English in terms of grammar and vocabulary. The level of their English proficiency is low.

Continuous observation revealed that this situation existed due to the lack of exposure to English

in their daily life, as well as lack of interest in learning and using English. Furthermore, they do

not have much interest in reading materials in English language also speaking because they do
not understand what is being read. Therefore, they perform badly in their performance like

reporting and others. Furthermore, recent statistics from the education department showed that

the SHS students was the beginning of a high rate of dropouts. Therefore, it is hoped that

cooperative learning can enhance students’ achievement in their acquisition of English language.

Without English there’s no BRIDGE IN LIFE. How can people deal with others without English,

so Students must learn or practice speaking English for their good future. In the title “Speaking

English Policy as Prerequisite for the Learning of Students” must conducted. Why? Because,

how can they create a good relationship with others (foreigner). Some Graduated Students, still

they didn’t know how to speak and understand English, and that is the issue. They are looking

for a Job but they cannot find. Because of Lack of Knowledge about English. Like proposing a

project, research, file, applying for a Job, they must use English, but still they can’t. Though they

can speak English but it is not enough.

Objectives of the study

Based on the problem statement above, the general objective of the study is to make

students more active in learning English speaking. Specifically it aims to:

1. To describe the situation when numbered heads are implemented in speaking.

2. To describe the problem faced by the students.

3. To describe the strength and weakness of the technique in speaking.

4. Encourage students' analytical and creative skills in order that they will be prepared to address

a wide variety of challenges in their professional lives.

5. Prepare students for lifelong productive careers and to be more globally competitive.
6. To communicate effectively and appropriately in real-life situation.

7. To use English effectively for study purpose across the curriculum.

8. To develop and integrate the use of the four language skills i.e. Reading, Listening, Speaking,

Writing.

9. To develop interest in and appereciation of Literature.

10. To revise and reinforce structure already learnt.

11. To develop an interest in the appreciation of Literature. Teachers may kindly keep the

following in mind to develop these competencies

12. To become more Globally Competitive

Statement of the null hypothesis

1. There is no significant difference on the Speaking English on academic performance among

any gender of students.

2. There is no significant difference on writing essays on academic performance among senior

students and high school students.

3. There is no significant difference on speaking English on academic performance among SHS

students and Secondary students.

4. There is no significant difference on communicating between teachers and professionals and

students.
Significance of the study

The significance of the study is students consequently evaluate their success in language

learning as well as the effectiveness of their English leaning on the basis of how well they feel

they have improved in their spoken language proficiency (Richards 1990). The main principle of

recent approaches is communicating in the classroom. When we choose one word to symbolize

the changes in second language teaching over the years, it would be communicative the idea that

the surest path to engagement in learning a second language lies in students communicating in

that language. One of the biggest benefits of having the ability to fluently speak and

understand English is its global status. It is one of the most widely spoken languages in the

world. There are many countries where English is the primary language of communication.

A lot of countries have English as their official language. You will be able to travel and

work in these countries, or communicate with people and businesses from these countries.

English is the tool to communicate with people from other countries in the globalized world in

which we live. It is indisputable: English has become the global language of communication par

excellence. On the other hand, speak English is essential for certain people when traveling,

whether for business or sightseeing. In these cases, you need to speak English to shopping, learn

English in order to take a train without getting lost or to ask for the bill at a restaurant where they

speak only English.

Definition of terms

1. English Language - The English Concentration provides students with preparation for

teaching in secondary schools. It is designed for students who wish to pursue a career in

teaching. English offers a range of courses in Language, Literature, Writing, and teaching

English.
2. Learning - the activity or process of gaining knowledge or skill by studying, practicing, being

taught, or experiencing something the activity of someone who learns. Knowledge or skill gained

from learning.

3. Prerequisite - a thing that is required as a prior condition for something else to happen or

exist.

4. Speaking - the action of conveying information or expressing one's thoughts and feelings in

spoken language.

5. Language - the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the

use of words in a structured and conventional way.