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POWER AND ENERGY

NORTH AMERICA’S LEADER IN GEOTECHNICAL CONSTRUCTION

 POWER &
ENERGY
Hayward Baker (HB), North America’s leader in geotechnical construction,
provides a comprehensive range of grouting, ground improvement, structural
support, and earth retention techniques for planned and existing power
generating facilities and energy transmission and distribution networks. Serving
in every sector of the power and energy industry, we know the quality and
performance that Owners, General Contractors, and Engineers expect.

Planned construction may require ground improvement to increase soil bearing

capacities and control settlements, deep foundations to transfer loads to
competent soils, or drainage to accelerate consolidation of saturated soils
before construction.

Existing energy facilities may require remedial work when structures experience
excessive settlement or additions increase loads beyond the foundation’s
capacity. Limited access equipment enables grouting techniques and drilled
deep foundation installation within tight spaces often encountered at crowded
facilities. Planned or existing facilities may require earth retention structures to
facilitate a stable, safe excavation when constructing below grade structures.

We commit ourselves to providing the best solution, satisfying the technical

requirements of your project at a competitive price. Our network of over
25 offices and full-service equipment yards provides a local response and
experience for your project.

Whether your situation is typical or unique, HB can provide build-only, or a full

Design-Build package. From facility upgrades at existing coal-fired plants,
to foundations for wind turbine towers and transmission line towers, we have
probably solved a problem similar to yours. And if not, we have the tools and
experience to do so. Just ask HB.

Contact HB to find the solution for your power project.

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www.HaywardBaker.com
Soldier beams for a retaining wall at a natural gas generating station expansion in El
Segundo, California.

Cover: A secant pile supported shaft from which fracture grouting will be performed
to re-level a steam turbine generator in Texas.
    BIOFUELS
BIODIGESTERS – ETHANOL PRODUCTION SYSTEM
FERMENTATION TANKS – GRAIN SILOS – GRAIN TUNNELS
LIQUID STORAGE TANKS – WASTE-TO-ENERGY FACILITIES

Biofuel plants are home to heavily loaded and settlement-sensitive structures, such as liquid storage
tanks, fermentation tanks, and grain silos. Expansions and upgrades to waste-to-energy plants to allow
an increased intake of waste or creation of more energy may require geotechnical solutions. Ground
improvement techniques like soil mixing and vibro replacement performed before construction increase
the soil bearing capacities and control settlement. Ground improvement techniques also improve site soils
to mitigate liquefaction during seismic events.

If excessive settlement occurs after construction on untreated ground, grouting techniques can arrest
settlement and can be used to relevel tanks, silos, and other structures such as grain tunnels that run from
primary silos to other areas of the plant. Ground improvement before construction may support shallow
spread footings on sites that would otherwise require deep foundations.

Since loading of biofuel plant structures varies, understanding and improving site soils is vital for
controlling differential settlement within acceptable limits to protect pipework connections between
structures.

Whatever the structure, whatever the challenge, Hayward Baker has the solution.

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www.HaywardBaker.com
3 Wet soil mixing and vibro replacement for a new
ethanol plant in Stockton, California.

Dynamic compaction for a waste-to-energy

facility in Spring Hill, Florida.

Vibro Piers™ to support a new ethanol

production facility in Galva, Illinois.
   FOSSIL FUELS SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION UNITS – COOLING TOWERS
EMISSIONS TOWERS – FUEL CONVEYOR SYSTEMS – GAS TURBINES
LIME SILOS – RAILCAR UNLOADING FACILITIES

Fossil-fueled power plants contain heavy and settlement-sensitive structures such as cooling towers,
emissions towers, fuel conveyor systems, gas turbines, lime silos, and railcar unloading facilities.
Conversions from existing coal-fired boilers to liquefied natural gas (LNG) plants have become
increasingly common due to reduced emissions, lower costs, and improved availability.

Ground improvement methods, such as vibro replacement and soil mixing, mitigate liquefaction and
control settlement for planned plants. Wick drains can accelerate construction schedules for planned
plants or facilities by accelerating consolidation of soft soils in conjunction with a preload fill.

Upgrades to existing plants, such as the addition of selective catalytic reduction units to coal-fired plants,
require increased support. Micropile construction within congested areas transfer these additional loads
to a competent bearing stratum. Grouting techniques such as compaction or jet grouting within restricted
access and low headroom act as a standalone solution or supplement other techniques for underpinning
and foundation support. Earth retention and excavation support techniques allow construction of below-
grade facilities like conveyors and railcar unloaders while protecting adjacent above-ground structures.

Facilities sometimes require groundwater barriers for applications such as isolating fly ash dewatering
ponds from the local environment. These barriers can be constructed with grouting, specialty piling, or soil
mixing techniques. Fly ash ponds or contaminated soils can be stabilized through soil mixing techniques
to blend waste products with cementitious binders, effectively fixing them in place. Wick drains can be
installed to accelerate consolidation of tailings ponds and allow for reclamation.

Hayward Baker provides the necessary support to withstand challenging conditions.

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3 Soil mix walls and jet grout bottom seal for
the installation of a cast-in-place conveyor
tunnel below the water table in Newburg,
Maryland.

Wick drains to shorten the consolidation period

of soft soils at a planned power unit in Lehi,
Utah.

Compaction grouting to reduce sinkhole potential

and vibro replacement to densify soils and limit
settlement for a natural gas plant in Intercession
City, Florida.
    HYDRO
PENSTOCK – PUMPED STORAGE FACILITIES – SCOUR PROTECTION
SEEPAGE CONTROL – SPILLWAYS – SURGE TANKS – TUNNELS

Throughout North America, remediation and expansion of existing hydroelectric dams and the construction
of new dams benefit from Hayward Baker’s geotechnical construction techniques.

Jet and cement grouting can be used to construct cutoff walls and grout curtains for seepage control and
scour prevention. Cement grouting also seals problematic joints in aging dam structures. Compaction
grouting with non-toxic biodegradable additives, such as guar gum, allows sinkholes and voids in
sand filters to stabilize and return to normal functioning capacity after additives degrade. Soil mixing
techniques, both column and continuous wall methods (TRD), construct low permeability cutoff walls.
Anchors increase stability of dams and spillway structures. Earth retention techniques such as soil nail
walls and soldier beams and lagging provide scour protection and secure spillwalls. Vibro replacement
stone columns, soil mixing, and jet grouting mitigate liquefaction of loose soils in the event of an
earthquake and control settlement of structures at dam sites.

The first instance of computerized data acquisition (DAQ) and remote control for grouting was during
the construction of Ridgeway Dam in Montrose, Colorado in 1980 when HB performed curtain and
blanket consolidation grouting for both the floor and core trench foundation preparation of the dam. HB
continues to design and implement the most advanced quality control methods for all ground improvement
technologies.

Sharing in the client’s satisfaction of a job well done is what drives us.

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3 Rock anchors to tie down a new spillway in
Dallesport, Washington.

Cement grouting to fill open fractures at the

intake of a hydroelectric plant in Watertown, New
York.

Rockbolts and shotcrete to prevent falling rock

within a main access tunnel at a pumped-storage
facility in Chattanooga, Tennessee.
    NUCLEAR
COOLING TOWERS – GEOLOGIC REPOSITORIES – HIGH MAST LIGHTING TOWERS
REACTOR HOUSING CONTAINMENT – PIPE RACKS – SPENT FUEL CASK STORAGE PADS
SPENT FUEL POOLS – STEAM TURBINES – TRANSFORMER RACKS

Nuclear power plants contain heavy and settlement-sensitive structures, such as cooling towers, steam
turbines, spent fuel cask storage pads, and below grade structures like reactor housing containment and
spent fuel pools.

Upgrades to existing plants, such as the replacement of steam generating units, can require specialty
foundations to support the cranes used to hoist the units into place. Drilled deep foundation construction
in congested areas transfer high additional loads into competent bearing stratums. Jet and chemical
grouting implemented in restricted access and low headroom act as standalone solutions or supplement
other techniques for underpinning and foundation support, such as for transformer and pipe racks. High
mast lighting towers can require deep foundations as well.

Ground improvement methods, such as vibro replacement and soil mixing, mitigate liquefaction and
control settlement for new plants or additions to existing plants before construction. Wick drains can be
installed to accelerate construction schedules for new plants or facilities by accelerating consolidation of
soft soils in conjunction with a preload fill.

If you have a geotechnical challenge, you have a ready partner.

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www.HaywardBaker.com
3 Micropiles to support a 500,000 gallon
auxillary feedwater tank in Spring City,
Tennessee.

Vibro Compaction to densify loose silty sands

for an interim spent fuel cask storage pad in
Braceville, Illinois.

Cement grout test program to grout fissures for

a proposed geologic repository in Kincardine,
Ontario, Canada.
    SOLAR ARRAY FOUNDATIONS

Hayward Baker provides fast-track support for solar panel array foundations through pile installations,
specializing in drilled shafts, micropiles, augercast piles, driven piles, and helical piles. Structural support
for solar panel arrays provides resistance to compression, uplift, and lateral loads. Specialty equipment
allows HB to install piles quickly through dense soils. HB is proud to serve the renewable energy market.
Pile installations provide an efficient and effective solution for solar panel arrays requiring structural
support.

Large or small, complex or simple, every geotechnical problem has a solution.

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3 Over 5,400 galvanized pipe piles to support
solar panel arrays in Lexington, North
Carolina.

Over 4,200 pipe piles installed to support solar

panel arrays in Murfreesboro, North Carolina.

Over 23,000 drilled shafts to support solar panels

across 1,336 acres in Blythe, California.
 WIND TOWER FOUNDATIONS

Existing and planned wind turbine tower sites often require ground improvement or other geotechnical
construction to address a variety of foundation concerns. These concerns can include low bearing
capacity, settlement, uplift, or seismic hazards. Hayward Baker’s experience allows us to understand the
soils’ characteristics and apply economical, technically correct solutions.

Wind towers experience high lateral loading, producing a downward load on the downwind edge of a
foundation, and an upward load on the windward edge. Incorporating soil or rock anchors in foundation
systems can increase the uplift capacities of tower foundations by installing the anchors at the perimeter
of the foundation, maximizing the overturning moment resistance per anchor. Drilled shafts offer economic
development of high compression and tension capacities for planned wind turbine towers.

Construction may involve excavation and replacement of soil, bypassing weak layers with deep foundation
elements, or improvement in the characteristics of the soil in situ. Deep foundation systems, such as
driven piles, can be a cost-effective foundation system for some wind tower sites underlain by loose or soft
soils which do not provide sufficient bearing capacity, resulting in excessive settlement. An economical
ground improvement solution involves the construction of stiff aggregate piers within weak granular soils
to produce an improved composite system beneath foundations. Rigid inclusions transfer loads through
an unacceptable stratum to a competent underlying stratum, effectively bypassing a weak compressible
layer. Mass stabilization, a soil mixing technology, treats shallow, weak soils to depths of 20 feet below
ground surface, strengthening the characteristics of a soil with cementitious binders.

HB’s comprehensive geotechnical solutions can treat your planned or existing wind turbine tower site,
typical or unique. Our quality control measures take our solutions one step further, confirming improved
soil foundations, the mitigation of liquefaction potential, and increased bearing capacities.

With HB’s solutions, your wind tower will stand tall on a firm foundation.

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3 Micropiles and driven piles (shown) for
structural support and dynamic compaction
for ground improvement for wind turbine
towers in Glenrock, Wyoming.

Dry mass soil mixing to improve soft wet soils

for support of new wind turbine towers in
Sebastion, Texas.

Rock anchors for wind turbine foundations on

bedrock in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
TRANSMISSION
& DISTRIBUTION A-FRAMES – H-FRAMES – SUBSTATIONS – TRANSFORMERS
TRANSMISSION LINES

The power grid’s planned and existing structures require geotechnical solutions for increased bearing
capacities, slope stabilization, excavation support, and liquefaction mitigation. HB’s range of design-build
services provides the transmission and distribution industry with solid foundation solutions. Our cost-
effective techniques are advantageous in open or low access headroom and when subsurface conditions
present construction challenges.

Transmission line towers face many of the same geotechnical issues faced by other tower structures.
Lateral loads from wind and other forces result in large overturning moment. Anchors can be installed
to add additional uplift capacity to new or existing tower foundations. Drilled shafts can be used in a
wide variety of geotechnical conditions to provide both vertical and lateral support for tower structures.
Micropiles are appropriate for a wide range of ground profiles and often when obstructions are present.
Soil mix columns and aggregate piers create reinforced platforms for more uniform settlements and resist
seismic loading. Jet grouting underpins existing foundations by drilling through them and underlying
problem soils to create soilcrete support elements. Compaction grouting densifies loose granular soils
and corrects settlement, and can be performed before foundation construction or beneath existing mat
foundations. Helical piles offer an effective alternative to concrete piles and realign tower legs. Driven piles
are appropriate for a wide range of ground conditions and are suitable for land-based or marine-based
transmission line towers.

Earth retention techniques such as soil nailing stabilize slopes to protect towers founded on difficult terrain
such as mountain ridges. HB also constructs micropiles for foundations on ridges and peaks. Careful
logistical planning is required when delivery of the small micropile rigs is by helicopter.

Your lifelines will remain in operation with a foundation provided by HB.

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3 Micropiles in difficult access terrain to
support new tower foundations in San Diego,
California. Equipment mobilized to site by
helicopter.

Compaction grouting to remediate loose backfill

supporting 100 direct burial mono poles in
Montana.

Drilled shafts for a substation in Brockton,

Massachusetts.
 POWER AND ENERGY
If you are looking for assistance with subsurface construction, contact Hayward Baker. We will provide
the most economical solution that meets your needs. We are ready to work on your project.

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Fossil Fuel Solar

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www.HaywardBaker.com/contact
800-456-6548
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HAYWARD BAKER INC.
Maryland Nevada Craig Olden Inc.
Corporate Office 410-551-8200 Las Vegas 702-649-4466 A Division of Hayward Baker
Baltimore 410-551-1980 800-422-4667
New York www.CraigOldenInc.com
California New York City 201-489-1700
El Cajon 619-443-3891 Syracuse 315-834-6603 HB Wick Drains
Chino Hills 909-393-9300 A Division of Hayward Baker
San Diego 619-956-0850 North Carolina 800-537-4241
Santa Paula 805-933-1331 Greensboro 336-668-0884 www.HBWickDrains.com

Colorado Pennsylvania
Denver 303-469-1136 Philadelphia 484-428-2519 Hayward Baker
Rhode Island
Canada Ltd.
Florida
Miami 954-977-8117 Providence 401-334-2565 Alberta
Tampa 813-884-3441 Edmonton 780-465-3200
Tennessee
Georgia Knoxville 865-583-8212 British Columbia
Atlanta 770-442-1801 Nashville 615-883-6445 Vancouver 604-294-4845

Illinois Texas Geo-Foundations

Chicago 630-339-4300 Dallas/Ft. Worth 972-294-5000 Contractors Inc.
Houston 281-668-1870 A Subsidiary of Hayward Baker Canada
Minnesota 888-846-7858
Minneapolis 952-851-5500 Utah
www.Geo-Foundations.com
Salt Lake City 801-363-0546
Missouri
Kansas City 913-390-0085 Washington
St. Louis 314-802-2920 Seattle 206-223-1732

www.HaywardBaker.com info@HaywardBaker.com www.keller.co.uk

Hayward Baker Inc. A member of the Keller Worldwide Group of Companies

Photos: Above, left to right: Micropiles and drilled shafts to support new emissions control units in Wyoming.
Earthquake drains to mitigate liquefaction for a fossil fueled plant in Pineville, South Carolina. Jet grouting to remediate select sites within
a radioactive waste landfill and reduce mobility of contaminants in Idaho Falls, Idaho.
Back cover, left to right: Micropiles for a nuclear plant to support new water tanks for a safe D2O project in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Micropiles for high cycle loading to stabilize 30 existing wind tower foundations near Trent and Iraan, Texas. Vibro replacement to depths
of 82 feet for a substation in Mission, British Columbia, Canada.
 JUST ASK
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H1-MAR-50001-JW
Rev. 7/14