_h{f© Xwdm©gm H¥$V

lr {Ìnwam _{håZ ñVmoÌ_²

ì`m»`mH$ma-AéU Hw$_ma CnmÜ`m`
(nrVmå~am nrR> Ûmam npÊS>V `moJoÝÐ H¥$îU emñÌr Q>rH$m Ho$ AmYma na)
nwamU d{U©V B{Vhmg Ho$ AZwgma 29,100 B©.ny. _| ñdm`å^wd _Zw Ho$ H$mb _|
doX H$m àU`Z hþAm WmŸ& CgHo$ ~mX Agwam| H$o Ûmam doX bwßV hþAmŸ& H$í`n
(17,500-16,050 B©.ny.) Ho$ H$mb _| damh AdVma Ho$ g_` {haÊ`mj H$m dY
H$a doX H$m CÕma hþAmŸ& CgH$m CnXoe h`J«rd Zo {H$`mŸ& h`J«rd e{º$ gyÌ go
VÝÌ naånam H$m nwZéÕma hþAmŸ& ewH«$, BÝÐ,~¥hñn{V ^r VÝÌ Ho$ AmMm`© _mZo
OmVo h¢Ÿ, na AJñË` Zo e{º$ gyÌm| H$m {dñVma {H$`mŸ& AJñË` Am¡a d{gîR>
(AîQ>_ ì`mg, 11,740-11,020 B©.ny.)-`o XmoZm| _¡ÌmdéU Ho$ nwÌ WoŸ& àm`:
10,000 B©.ny. Ho$ Ob àb` Ho$ ~mX Xgd| ì`mg {ÌYm_m Ho$ H$mb (10,300-
9580B©.ny.) _| XÎmmÌo` Ûmam `moJ_mJ© VWm _mH©$ÊS>o` Ûmam nwamUm| H$m {dH$mg
hþAmŸ& BgHo$ ~mX 11d| ì`mg F$f^Xod Or Wo, {OÝhm|Zo amOm Ho$ ê$n _| gä`Vm
H$m nwZ: àMma H$a dUm©l_ Y_© H$r à{VîR>m H$sŸ& àb` Ho$ ~mX àW_ amOm hmoZo
Ho$ H$maU dh Adg{n©Ur Ho$ àW_ O¡Z VrW©‘>a h¢Ÿ& XÎmmÌo` Ho$ ^mB© dm©gm Zo VÝÌ
_mJ© H$m nwZ: {dH$mg {H$`mŸ& _Zwñ_¥{V _| d{U©V AWdm©{“agr {dÚm Ho$ AZwgma
CÝhmoZo amOm Aå~are na H¥$Ë`m H$m à`moJ {H$`m WmŸ& CÝhm§oZo gånyU© VÝÌ {dÚm
H$m gmam§e lr {Ìnwam-_{håZ-ñVmoÌ _| H$a {X`m h¡Ÿ& Bgr àH$ma e¡d Xe©Z H$m
gmam§e {ed-_{håZ-ñVmoÌ _| h¡Ÿ& dm`w, Hy$_© VWm ~«÷mÊS> nwamUm| Ho$ AmYma na
lr Hw§$dabmb O¡Z Zo 28 ì`mgm| H$m H$mb {ZYm©aU {H$`m h¡ (nwamUm| _| d§emZwH«${_H$
H$mb-H«$_, VWm nwamUm| _| Eo{Vhm{gH$ n[adV© `wJ-B{Vhmg {dÚm àH$meZ,
{Xëbr, 1990)Ÿ& 7 `wJm| Ho$ AmYma na H$mb-H«$_ H$s {dñV¥V ì`m»`m AéU
Hw$_ma CnmÜ`m` Ûmam- gm§»` -{gÕmÝV (ZmJ àH$meH$, {Xëbr-7) VWm
Vedic View of ¹r¤ Jagann¢tha (amîQ´>r` g§ñH¥$V {dÚmnrR>, {Vén{V)
_| h¡Ÿ& BgH$s dmñV{dH$ ì`m»`m H$moB© {gÕ nwéf hr H$a gH$Vm h¡, AV: _oao Ûmam
Hw$N> Ìw{Q>`m§ Adí`å^mdr h¢Ÿ&

-1-
 _yb nmR> VWm ì`m»`m
lr _mV-pñÌnwao namËna-Vao Xo{d {ÌbmoH$s _hm-
gm¡ÝX`m©U©d _ÝWZmoX²^d gwYm àmMw`© dUm}ÁÁdbm_²Ÿ&
CÚX²^mZw ghò ZyVZ Onm nwîn à^: Vo dnw:
ñdmÝVo _o ñ\w$aVw {ÌbmoH$-{Zb`§ Á`mo{V_©`m§ dmL²>_`_²Ÿ&&1Ÿ&&
ho gyú_ ñdê$n dmbr {Ìnwa gwÝXar ^JdVr ! VrZm| bmoH$m| Ho$ gm¡ÝX`© ê$nr _hm
g_wÐ Ho$ _ÝWZ go CËnÝZ A_¥V Ho$ g_mZ CÁÁdb (ew^«) ghòm| àmV: H$mbrZ
gy`© VWm gÚ: {Ibo hþ`o Onm nwînm| Ho$ g_mZ bmb a“ dmbm {ÌbmoH$s H$m CËn{Îm-
ñWb, àH$me_` Am¡a MVw{d©Y dmUr ñdê$n _y{Îm© _oao öX` _| ñ\w$[aV hmoŸ&
{Q>ßnUr-(1) _ÝÌ _| fmoS>emjar {dÚm H$m {ZX}e (CÕma) {H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& lr =
lr ~rO, _m = _m`m ~rO, {Ìnwam = ~mbm {dÚm Ho$ VrZ ~rO, B© = àUd,
Amo‘>ma, namËnaVao = na _m`m ~rO go nao bú_r (lr ~rO), Xo{d =gå~moYZ,
{ÌbmoH$s ={ÌHy$Q>m (nÄMXer Ho$ VrZ Hy$Q>), gm¡ÝX`© = ~mbm H$m V¥Vr` Hy$Q>,
AU©dmoX²^d = dmJ²^d ~rO, CÚX²^mZw = {gÝXyar a“ Ho$ H$maU dí`àX H$m_Hy$Q>,
Vo dnw: = _m`m~rO, ñdmÝVo = _m`m ~rO Ho$ AÝV _|, _o = _m+B©, _m =lr
~rO, B© = H$m_ H$bmŸ&
(2) {Ìnwam-Jm¡‹S>nmXmMm`© Ho$ e{º$-gyÌ Ho$ AZwgma EH$ ~«÷ Ho$ VrZ VÎdm| (`m
3 JwU, _y{Îm©, ~rO, OJV², nrR>, IÊS> Am{X) Ho$ H$maU 3 ^oX hþ`oŸ& ~«÷m,
{dîUw, {ed-BZ 3 go nyd© hmoZo Ho$ H$maU BÝh| {Ìnwam H$hm J`m h¡Ÿ& {ÌnwamU©d Ho$
AZwgma nwa H$m AW© _Z, ~w{Õ, {MÎm h¡, BZH$m joÌ B‹S>m, {n“bm, gwfwåZm VWm
dmg H$aZo dmbr e{º$ {Ìnwam h¢Ÿ& VrZ bmoH$m| H$mo 3 nwa H$hm J`m h¡Ÿ& BZ_| gy`©
{haÊ`J^© `m ñdU©-nwa h¡Ÿ& MÝÐ aOV H$m nwa h¡Ÿ& MÝÐ H$jm Ho$ joÌ _| n¥Ïdr bmoho
H$m nwa h¡Ÿ& 1000 gy`©-ì`mg na e{Z H$jm Vm_« nwa h¡ (`Owd}X (16/6)Ÿ&
BZHo$ AZwH$aU go VmaH$ Agwa Zo AmH$me _| MbZo dmbo VrZ nwamo Ho$ Zm_ ñdU©,
aOV VWm bm¡h nwa aIo WoŸ& H$B© ñWmZm| na ~«÷m, {dîUw VWm {ed Ho$ nwa EH$ gmW
h¢Ÿ&
Am{X jmÝV g_ñV dU© gw_[U àmoVo {dVmZ à^o,
~«÷m{X à{V_m @{^H$s{bV fS>mYmamãO H$jmoÝZVoŸ&
-2-
~«÷mÊS>mãO-_hmgZo OZ{Z Vo _y{Îmª ^Oo {MÝ_`t,
gm¡fwåUm`V nrV n‘>O _hm _Ü` {ÌH$moU pñWVm_²Ÿ&&2Ÿ&&
ho, _mVm ! A go j VH$ 50 dUm] H$s _mbm ê$n _wº$m _mbm go `wº$ AË`ÝV ew^«
MmÝXZr (MÝXmodm) Ho$ g_mZ {dñV¥V VWm fS>mYma H$_bm| _| pñWV ~«÷m Am{X
XodVmAm| H$s _y{Îm©`m| go CÝZV (D±$Mm) {J[a Ho$ D$na (^rVa) ghò-Xb-H$_b
Ho$ AmgZ _| _¢ Vwåhmar Cg kmZ-_`r Hw$ÊS>{bZr ñdê$n _y{Îm© H$m Ü`mZ H$aVm hÿ±,
Omo _ybmYma H$_b _| gwfwåZm Zm‹S>r ê$n nrbo H$_b Ho$ _Ü`dÎmu AH$mam{X {ÌH$moU
_| {dÝXw ê$n ñd`å^y {b“ H$mo gm‹T>o VrZ Hw$ÊS>bm| (Koam|) go Koa H$a g{n©Ur Ho$
g_mZ gmo`r hþ`r h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-gwfwåZm Zm‹S>r H$_b-Zmb Ho$ g_mZ h¡, Cg_| ZrMo go Amaå^ H$a ^«y_Ü`
Ho$ Amkm MH«$ VH$ Ho$ 6 MH«$m| _| 50 Xbm| na 50 dU© h¢-
^«y_Ü` _| Amkm MH«$- h§, j§-2 dU©
H$ÊR> _yb _| {dew{Õ MH«$-ñda dU©-16 dU©
öX` _| AZmhV MH«$-H$ go R>-12 dU©
Zm{^ _| _{Unya MH«$-S> go \$-10 dU©
_oé-_yb _| ñdm{YîR>mZ MH«$-~ go b-6 dU©
_yÌ-JwXm _mJ© Ho$ _Ü` _ybmYma MH«$-d go g-4 dU©
Bg àH$ma Hw$b 50 dU© hþ`oŸ& CgHo$ D$na ghòma MH«$ ~«÷-aÝY« _| h¡Ÿ& gmYH$
_ybmYma go Amaå^ H$a gwfwåZm H$mo _mbm H$m gyÌ VWm _mV¥H$mjam| H$mo _[U _mZ
H$a ~«÷-aÝY« VH$ 51 On H$aVm h¡Ÿ& nwZ: ZrMo _ybmYma VH$ AmH$a 100 H$s
g§»`m nyU© H$aVm h¡Ÿ&
{Og g_` `moJr àmUm`m_ Ûmam `moJmp½Z go Hw$ÊS>{bZr Ho$ _wI H$mo gÝVßV H$a
XoVm h¡, Cg g_` Hw$ÊS>{bZr _ybmYma go CR> H$a gwfwåZm _mJ© Ûmam ~«÷-aÝY«
VH$ nhþ±MVr h¡Ÿ& ghò Xb H$_b Ho$ [MV²-MÝÐ _ÊS>b go òm{dV A_¥V Ûmam
AmYma H$_bm| Ho$ XodVmAm| H$mo A{^{fº$ H$aVr h¡Ÿ& Cg g_` ghòma Ho$ MÝXmodm
Ho$ ZrMo gwfwåZm Ho$ ~«÷-gyÌ _| Aja _moVr g_mZ XrIVo h¢Ÿ&
dÝXo dm½^d _¡ÝXdmË_ gÑe§ doXm{X {dÚm {Jamo,
^mfm Xoe g_wX²^dm: newJVm-íN>ÝXm§{g gßV ñdamZ²Ÿ&
-3-
VmbmZ² nÄM _hm ÜdZrZ² àH$Q>`-Ë`mË_ àgmaoU `V²-
VX² ~rO§ nX-dmŠ` _mZ OZH§$ lr _mV¥Ho$ Vo nX_²Ÿ&&3Ÿ&&
ho dU©_mbm ñdê${nUr {Z{Ib eãX_`r _mVm ! _¢ Vwåhmao dm½^d ~rOmja Eo-
H$ma H$mo àUm_ H$aVm hÿ±-Omo F$H²$, `Ow, gm_-doXm| Ho$ àW_mjam| go ~Zm h¡Ÿ& `h
A_¥V Ho$ g_mZ \¡$bH$a eãX, nX, dmŠ` Am¡a 4 à_mUm| H$mo CËnÝZ H$aVm h¡Ÿ&
Cggo 4 doX, 4 CndoX, ñ_¥{V (24), 6 emñÌ,18 nwamU, g§ñH¥$V, àmH¥$V,
An^«§e Am¡a {nemM ^mfm, Xoer ^mfm`| Am¡a CZH$s H${dVm Ho$ {d{dY N>ÝX, 7
ñda, 49 VmZ, 5 àH$ma H$s Üd{Z`m§, ^maV _| àM{bV AZoH$ ^mfmAm| VWm
ZmZm àH$ma Ho$ newAm| H$s ^mfm (~mobr) H$mo àH$Q> H$aVm h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-F$½doX H$m àW_ _ÝÌ-Ap½Z_rio nwamo{hV_²Ÿ& hmoVma§ aËZYmV__²Ÿ&
`Owd}X H$m àW_ _ÝÌ-Bfo ËdmoO} Ëdm dm`dñWŸ&
gm_doX-A½Z Am`m{h drV`o J¥UmZmo hì`XmV`oŸ& {Z hmoVm gpËg ~{h©{fŸ&
BZHo$ àW_mja-A+(A+B)= A+E = EoŸ&
nX = EH$ `m A{YH$ Ajam| H$m eãXŸ& nXm| H$m g_yh = dmŠ`Ÿ&
_mZ = à_mU-`h Ý`m` Xe©Z Ho$ AZwgma 4 àH$ma Ho$ h¢-àË`j, AZw_mZ,
Cn_mZ, eãXŸ&
18 nwamU-Xodr ^mJdV _|- _-Û`§ ^-Û`§ M¡d ~-Ì`§ d-MVwîQ>`_²Ÿ&
A-Zm-n-{bL²>-J-Hy$-ñH$m{Z nwamUm{Z n¥WH²$ n¥WH²$Ÿ&&
2 _-_Ëñ`, _mH©$ÊS>o`Ÿ& 2 ^-^mJdV (Xodr ^mJdV), ^{dî` (gy`©)Ÿ& 3 ~«-
~«÷, ~«÷mÊS>, ~«÷d¡dÎm©Ÿ& 4 d-damh, dm_Z, dm`w, {dîUwŸ& A-Ap½ZŸ& Zm-
ZmaXŸ& n-nÙŸ& {bL²>-{b“Ÿ& Hy$-Hy$_©Ÿ& ñH$-ñH$ÝXŸ&
g§JrV Ho$ 7 ñda-fS²>O, F$f^, JmÝYma, _Ü`_, nÄM_, Y¡dV, {ZfmXŸ&
VmZ = 7 c 7 = 49Ÿ &
nÄM _hmÜd{Z-(1) drUm, gma§Jr, Am{X Vma `ÝÌŸ& (2) _¥X“, T>mob, _waO-
XmoZm| Va\$ M_‹S>o H$m nXm©Ÿ& (3) e§I, _wabr, d§er-dm`w \y§$H$ZmŸ& (4) Pm§P,
_§Oram, Pëbar (Pmb)-YmVw eãXŸ& (5) T>ŠH$m, ^oar, XwÝXw{^, ZJm‹S>m-M_‹S>o
na H$mR> go MmoQ>Ÿ&
6 emñÌ-doX Ho$A“- {ejm, H$ën, ì`mH$aU, {Zéº$, Á`mo{Vf, N>ÝXŸ&
-4-
Ì¡bmoŠ` ñ\w$Q> _ÝÌ VÝÌ _{h_m§ ZmßZmo{V eíd{ÛZm
`X²²> ~rO§ ì`dhma Omb_{Ib§ ZmñË`od _mVñVdŸ&
VÁOmß` ñ_aU àg{º$ gw_{V: gd©kVm§ àmß` H$:
eãX ~«÷ {Zdmg ^yV dXZmo ZoÝÐm{X{^: ñnY©VoŸ&&4Ÿ&&
ho _mVm dmJrídar ! Vwåhmao dm½^d ~rO H$s gmYZm Ho$ {~Zm g§gma Ho$ gånyU©
ì`dhma {gÕ Zht hmo gH$Vo, Z ñdJ©, _Ë`©, nmVmb Ho$ {Zdmgr, Xod, XmZd,
_mZdm| H$mo àgÝZ H$aZo dmbo VÎdm| H$s _{h_m {JZr Om gH$Vr h¡Ÿ& Vwåhmao (~mbm
{Ìnwam Ho$) Cg Í`jar _ÝÌ Ho$ àW_ Aja (dm½~rO) H$mo {gÕ H$aZo go gd©kVm
àmßV H$a gmYH$ BÝÐ Am{X XodVmAm| go ñnYm© H$aZo bJVm h¡, Š`m|{H$ gånyU©
àm{U`m| Ho$ öX` _| {Zdmg H$aZo dmbr {M{V e{º$ (Xodr) CgHo$ _wI _| {Zdmg
H$aZo bJVr h¡Ÿ&
_mÌm `Ì {damOVo @{V {deXm Vm_îQ>Ym _mV¥H$m§
eqº$ Hw$ÊS>{bZt MVw{d©Y VZw§ `ñVÎd{dZ² _Ý`VoŸ&
gmo @{dÚm{Ib OÝ_ H$_© Xw[aVmaÊ`§ à~moYmp½ZZm,
^ñ_rH¥$Ë` {dH$ën Omb_{Ib§ _mV: nX§ VX² ~«OoV²Ÿ&&5Ÿ&&
ho _mVm ! Omo gmYH$ Vwåhmao dm½^d ~rO Ho$ D$na bJr hþ`r {dñnîQ> _mÌm H$mo
Omo 8 àH$ma H$s _mV¥H$m (A = ñda, H$-dJ©, M, Q>, V, n, ` (AÝV:ñW), h =
Cî_) H$mo VWm 4 àH$ma H$s Hw$ÊS>{bZr e{º$ (_ybmYma _| Ap½Z, öX` _| gy`©,
^«y_Ü` _| gmo_, VWm _ybmYma Ho$ ZrMo AYmo_wI {ÌH$moU _| BZH$m g_pîQ> ê$n)
H$m VÎd (XmoZm| EH$ hr h¢) OmZ boVm h¡ (Jwé go Xr{jV hmoH$a) dh kmZmp½Z go
A{dÚm, ZmZm `mo{Z`m|, kmZ Am¡a AkmZ _| {H$`o nmnm| VWm dmgZmAm| H$mo ^ñ_
H$a Vwåhmao na_ nX H$mo àmßV H$a boVm h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-emaXm {VbH$ (1/108-111) Ho$ AZwgma Hw$ÊS>{bZr go hr Ajam| H$s
CËn{Îm hþ`r h¡Ÿ& Ajam| go hr g^r dmL²>_` H$m OÝ_ hþAm h¡, AV: BÝh| _mV¥H$m
H$hVo h¢Ÿ& dmH²$ VWm g¥pîQ> Ho$ {dñVma Ho$ _yb VÎd na Ü`mZ H$aZo go _yb nX àmßV
hmoVm h¡, Omo JrVm _| ^r H$hm h¡-
XodmZ² Xod`Omo `mpÝV _X²^º$m `mpÝV _m_{nŸ& (7/23)
gd©^yVm{Z H$m¡ÝVo` àH¥$qV `mpÝV _m{_H$m_²Ÿ& (9/7)
-5-
`mpÝV Xodd«Vm XodmZ² {nV¦Z² `mpÝV {nV¥d«Vm:Ÿ&
^yVm{Z `mpÝV ^yVoÁ`m `mpÝV _Úm{OZmo @{n _m_²Ÿ& (9/25)
H$m¡ÝVo` à{VOmZr{h Z _o ^º$: àUí`{VŸ& (9/31)
VÎmo _Ü`_ ~rO-_å~ H$b`m-å`m{XË` dU© {H«$`m-
kmZoÀN>m{X-_ZÝV e{º$ {d^d ì`qº$ ì`Z{º$ ñ\w$Q>_²Ÿ&
CËn{Îm pñW{V H$ën H$pënV VZw ñdmË_ àgmaoU `V²-
H$må`§ ~«÷ harídam{X {~~wY¡: H$m_§ {H«$`m `mo{OV¡:Ÿ&&6Ÿ&&
ho _mVm ! _¢ Vwåhmao _Ü`_ ~rO (Bª) H$mo H$, b go `wº$ H$aVm hÿ± (H$b`m{_)Ÿ&
`h Am{XË` dU© (àmV:H$mbrZ gy`© Ho$ g_mZ aº$ dU©) H$m h¡ VWm {H«$`m, kmZ,
BÀN>m e{º$`m| H$m Am{X H$maU h¡Ÿ& BgZo g¥pîQ>, pñW{V, g§hma Ho$ {b`o ~«÷m,
{dîUw, éÐ H$mo OÝ_ {X`mŸ& g§gma Ho$ {Ì{dY H$m`m] H$mo MbmZo Ho$ {b`o {ÌXodm|
VWm AÝ` XodVmAm| Zo ^r Cg ~rO H$s H$m_Zm H$sŸ& `h AnZo àgma go AnZr
AZÝV e{º$`m| H$mo àH$Q> H$aVm h¡Ÿ& _¢ Cgr H$m_amO ~rO H$mo Z_ñH$ma H$aVm
hÿ±Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-~«÷, {dîUw, éÐ {ÌnwamonmgH$ h¢& BZHo$ A{V[aº$ h¢-
_ZwíMÝÐ: Hw$~oaíM bmonm_wÐm M _Ý_W:Ÿ&
AJpñVap½Z: gy`©íM BÝÐ: ñH$ÝX: {edñVWmŸ&&
H«$moY^Q²>Q>maH$íMm{n (Xwdm©gm) XÎmmÌo`mo _w{ZñVWmŸ&
EVo à{gÕm OJ{V {Ìnwam`m CnmgH$m:Ÿ&&
doX _| àUd Ho$ 3 ê$n h¢-Bª, ›, ltŸ& àË`oH$ Ho$ 3-3 ^mJ hmoZo go 9 ^mJ hmoVo
h¢, AV: Bgo àUd (à+Zd, Zd = 9) H$hVo h¢Ÿ& › {ZamH$ma ~«÷ h¡, Omo Z
nwéf h¡, Z ñÌrŸ& ì`º$ {díd Bª h¡, Cgo Jm`Ìr _ÝÌ _| VV² H$hm J`m h¡Ÿ& na-
~«÷ H$s e{º$ lr h¡, Omo bú_r H$m àVrH$ h¡Ÿ& BgHo$ CXmhaU H$B© ñWmZm| na h¢-
` Bª MH$ma gmo Añ` doX, ` Bª XXe© {hé{JÝZw Vñ_mV²Ÿ& (F$H²$ 1/164/32)
= {OgZo Bª H$m {Z_m©U {H$`m dh (na~«÷) ^r Bgo Zht OmZVmŸ& {OgZo Bª H$mo
XoIm Cggo ^r `h {N>nm h¡Ÿ&
{Vòmo _mV¦ñÌrZ² {nV¦Z² {~^«XoH$ D$Üd©VñWm¡ Zo_d½bmn`pÝVŸ&
(F$H²$ 1/164/10)
-6-
Zo_d½bmn`pÝV = Z+Bª +Ad½bmn`pÝV= Bª H$mo ZrMm Zht g_PVoŸ&
àOmn{V (H$Îmm©)3 _mVm (n¥Ïdr) VWm 3 {nVm (AmH$me) H$mo YmaU H$aVm h¡
VWm Cggo D$na pñWV h¡Ÿ& Cg Bª H$mo `o 3 `w½_ ZrMm Zht XoIVoŸ&
` B± [MHo$V Jwhm ^dÝV_m `: ggmX Ymam_¥Vñ`Ÿ& (F$H²$ 1/67/4)
Omo Jwhm _| {N>no Bª H$mo OmZVm h¡ VWm F$V² (gËH$_© `m gmo_ H$m àgma) H$s Ymam
H$mo ~Zm`o aIVm h¡, Cgo YZ VWm kmZ àmßV hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
lr gyº$-Vm§ n{ÙZr_t (n{ÙZt +Bª) eaU_h§ ànÚoŸ&
= h_ n{ÙZr (g¥pîQ> H$o ApÝV_ nX n¥Ïdr _| ahZo dmbr) VWm Bª H$s eaU _| OmVo
h¢Ÿ&
Am`mVw daXm Xodr Aja§ ~«÷ g§{_V_²Ÿ& Jm`Ìr N>ÝXgm§ _mVm BX§ ~«÷ Owfñd _oŸ&
(V¡{Îmar` AmaÊ`H$ 10/34/1, Zmam`U Cn{ZfX² 15/1)
= daXm Xodr Am`| Omo Aja VWm CgHo$ g_mZ _mn H$m ~«÷ ^r h¢Ÿ& N>ÝX-_mVm
Jm`Ìr h_| Bg (Bª) ~«÷ go {_bmd|Ÿ&
B©L²>H$mam` ñdmhmŸ& BL²>H¥$Vm` ñdmhmŸ& (V¡{Îmar` g§{hVm 7/1/19/9)
= Bª VWm CgHo$ H$Îmm© H$m ñdmJV h¡Ÿ&
H$m_mZ² H$maUVm§ JVm-ZJ{UVmZ² H$m`£aZoH¡$-_©hr
_w»`¡: gd© _ZmoJVm-Z{YJVmZ² _mZ¡aZoH¡$: ñ\w$Q>_²Ÿ&
H$m_ H«$moY gwbmo^ _moh _X _mËg`m©[a fQ²>H§$ M `X²-
~rO§ ^«mO`{V àUm¡{_ VXh§ Vo gmYw H$m_oídarŸ&&7Ÿ&&
ho H$m_Hy$Q> H$s AYrídar _mVm H$m_oídar ! Vwåhmam dh H$m_~rO ~«÷m Am{X
AZoH$ Xodm| Ho$ gm_Ï`© H$m H$maU h¡, {Oggo bmoJm| H$s H$m_Zm`| nyU© hmoVr h¢Ÿ& `o
H$m_Zm`| ^y{_, ñdU©, YZ-YmÝ`, Am{X H$s àmpßV h¢Ÿ& `h gmYH$m| Ho$ AZw^d,
àË`j Am{X à_mUm| go ñnîQ> h¡ VWm doX, nwamU Am{X _| d{U©V h¡Ÿ& _Zwî` Ho$
kmZ Ho$ AmdaU ê$n _| 6 eÌw h¢-H$m_, H«$moY, bmo^, _moh, _X, _mËg`©Ÿ& BZH$mo
^r Vwåhmam H$m_~rO gm§gm[aH$ H$m`© Ho$ Cn`moJr ^yfU Ho$ ê$n _| n[aUV H$a
XoVm h¡Ÿ& AV: _¢ (Xwdm©gm _w{Z) Vwåhmao H$-b `wº$ H$m_Hy$Q> H$mo gmXa àUm_
H$aVm hÿ±Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-_X= AkmZ, A{^_mZ, Ah‘>ma, _Ú (_{Xam), à_mX, _Zmo{dH$maŸ&
-7-
_mËg`©= _Ëga H$m ^md _ËgaVm Am¡a _Ëga = B©î`m©, ñdmW© Am{XŸ&
_moh = ^«_, AkmZ Am{X Ho$ de _| hmoZmŸ&
`X² ^º$m @{Ib H$m_ nyaUMU ñdmË_ à^md§ _hm
OmS>ç-ÜdmÝV {ZdmaU¡H$ Va{U Á`mo{V: à~moY àX_²Ÿ&
`X² doXofw M Jr`Vo lw{V_wI§ _mÌm Ì`o Umo{_{V
lr{dÚo Vd gd©amO deH¥$ÎmV² H$m_amO§ ^OoŸ&&8Ÿ&&
ho lr{dÚo ^Jd{V ! ^º$m| H$s gånyU© H$m_ZmAm| H$mo nyU© H$aZo _| {d»`mV à^md
dmbo AkmZ AÝXH$ma Ho$ {ZdmaU _| gy`© Ho$ g_mZ àH$me_mZ VWm VÎd kmZ XoZo
dmbm, doXm| Ho$ Am{X^yV 3 _mÌmAm| (› = A+C+_) `wº$ ›H$ma ê$n, {Z{Ib
OJV² H$mo de _| H$aZo dmbr ~mbm {dÚm H$mo Í`jar Ho$ {ÛVr` ê$n H$m_amO ~rO
H$m _¢ ^OZ H$aVm hÿ±Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-_mÌmÌ`oU= gmo_+ gy`© +Ap½Z = ewŠb, {_l {dÝXw =A +C+ _Ÿ&
`Îmo Xo{d V¥Vr` ~rO-_Zb Ádmbmdbr g§{Z^§
gdm©Yma Vwar` ~rO_na§ ~«÷m{^Ym epãXV_²Ÿ&
_yY©Ý`mÝV {dgJ© ^y{fV _hm¡H$mamË_H§$ VËna§
g§{dX² ê$n-_ZÝ` Vwë` _{h_ ñdmÝVo __ ÚmoVVm_² Ÿ&&9Ÿ&&
ho Xo{d ! ~mbm {dÚm ñdê$n Vwåhmam Omo Vrgam ~rOmja AmJ H$s bnQ>m| Ho$ g_mZ
VoOmo`wº$ gmao OJV² H$m AmYma ê$n {ÌH$moUmH$ma EH$ma H$m H$maU Ana ~«÷ Ho$
Zm_ go à{gÕ {dÝXwÌ` go `wº$ hmoZo Ho$ H$maU _hmZ VWm AVwb à^mdembr
›H$ma ñdê$n kmZmË_H$ CËH¥$îQ> nam~rO h¡, dh _oao öX` _| àH$m{eV hmoŸ&
{Q>ßnUr-11d| Aja E H$m {ÌH$moU AmH$ma g^r VÝÌ J«ÝWm| _| H$hm J`m h¡Ÿ& `Wm
{ZË` fmoS>{eH$mU©d _|-
`X²>ÛmXe_mYma§ ~rO§ H$moUÌ`moX²^d_²Ÿ&
~«÷mÊS>m{X H$Q>mhmÝV§ OJXÚm{n Ñí`VoŸ&&
AH$ma = na_ {ed, B© = CgH$s e{º$Ÿ& A+B© = EŸ& A§J«oOr _| ^r E (A)
{ÌH$moUmH$ma$ h¡Ÿ&
gd©: gd©V Ed gJ© g_`o H$m`}pÝÐ`mÊ`ÝVam
-8-
 VÎm{Ôì` öfrH$ H$_©-{^[a`§ g§ì`íZwdmZm-namŸ&
dmJW© ì`dhma H$maU VZw: e{º$-O©JX² ì`m{nZr
`X² ~rOmË_H$Vm§ JVm Vd {edo VÝZm¡{_ ~rO§ na_²Ÿ&&10Ÿ&&
ho H$ë`mUH$m[a{U ! `h Omo name{º$ OJV² H$m g¥OZ, nmbZ Ed§ g§hma H$aVr h¡,
dhr AmnHo$ Bg nam~rO Ho$ ê$n _| n[aUV h¡Ÿ& Cg nam-e{º$ Zo g¥pîQ> Ho$ Amaå^
_| gånyU© OJV² H$m {Z_m©U {H$`m h¡Ÿ& {Z_m©U Ho$ Amaå^ _| kmZopÝÐ`m| VWm
H$_}pÝÐ`m| H$m {Z_m©U {H$`mŸ& {\$a BpÝÐ`m| H$mo J{V XrŸ& dhr e{º$ Bg MamMa
g§gma _| ì`mßV h¡, Cggo {^ÝZ Hw$N> ^r Zht h¡Ÿ& CgHo$ Ûmam dmUr, AW© VWm
ì`dhma gånÝZ {H$`m OmVm h¡Ÿ& g^r àH$ma Ho$ CnmXmZ Cgr name{º$ _| {Z{hV
h¢Ÿ& _¢ Cgr nam~rO H$mo Z_ñH$ma H$aVm hÿ±, Omo gmH$ma ê$n _| ›H$ma VWm
{Ì{dÝXw h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-`h lr~mbm {dÚm H$m nam~rO V¥Vr` Hy$Q> h¡, Omo AmZÝX^¡ad Ho$ _V go
{dÝXw dmbm h¡ VWm X{jUm_y{Îm© Ho$ _V go {dgJ©-`wº$ h¡Ÿ& h`J«rd Ho$ _V go {dÝXw
VWm {dgJ© XmoZm| h¡Ÿ&
A½ZrÝXw Úw_{U à^ÄOZ Yam Zramå~a ñWm{`Zr
e{º$-~«©÷ hare dmgd _wIm _Ë`m©-gwamË_ pñWVmŸ&
g¥îQ> ñWmda O“_ pñWV _hm M¡VÝ` ê$nm M `m
`X² ~rO ñ_aUoZ g¡d ^dVr àmXw^©dË`på~Ho$Ÿ&&11Ÿ&&
ho Apå~Ho$ ! {Og nam~rO H$s e{º$ Ap½Z, MÝÐ, gy`©, dm`w, n¥Ïdr, Ob, Am¡a
AmH$me Ho$ ^rVa {dÚ_mZ h¡ VWm Omo ~«÷m, {dîUw,éÐ,Am{X gwa VWm Agwa-BZ
g~Ho$ öX` _| pñWV h¡, Omo g§gma _| CËnÝZ O‹S> Am¡a MoVZ nXmWm] H$s _yb MoVZm
h¡, Cgo _¢ Z_ñH$ma H$aVm hÿ±, {OgHo$ ñ_aU H$aZo go Amn àË`j Xe©Z XoVr h¢Ÿ&
ñdmË_ lr {d{OVmO {dîUw _Kd lr nyaU¡H$ d«V§
`X² {dÚm H${dVm {dVmZ bhar H$ëbmo{bZr XrnH$_²Ÿ&
~rO§ `V² [ÌJwU àd¥{Îm OZH§$ ~«÷o{V `Úmo{JZ:
emÝVm: gË`_wnmgVo V{Xh Vo {MÎmo XYo lrnaoŸ&&12Ÿ&&
ho na_ d¡^dem{bZr {Ìnwao ^Jd{V ! _¢ (Vwåhmam gmYH$) Bg OÝ_ _| Cg
nam~rO H$m AnZo öX` _| Ü`mZ H$aVm hÿ±, {OgZo AnZo Eoíd`© go ~«÷m, {dîUw,
-9-
BÝÐ H$mo OrVH$a CZH$s lr nyU© H$aZo H$m àU {H$`m h¡Ÿ& dh {dÚm Am¡a H${dVm Ho$
{dVmZ (em{_`mZm) H$s bhar ê$nr ZXr H$mo àH$m{eV H$aZo dmbm h¡ ({dÚm
VWm H${dÎd e{º$ XoZo dmbm)Ÿ& `h gÎd, aO, V_moJwU H$m OZH$ h¡ VWm Bgo
emídV _moj Xm`H$ na-~«÷ _mZH$a `moJr OZ emÝV {MÎm go {ZaÝVa CnmgZm
H$aVo h¢Ÿ&
EH¡$H§$ Vd _mV¥Ho$ naVa§ g§`mo{J dm @`mo{J dm
{dÚm{X àH$Q> à^md OZH§$ OmS>çmÝYH$mamnhm_²Ÿ&
`pÝZîR>míM _hmoËnbmgZ _hm{dîUw àhÌm©X`mo
Xodm: ñdofw {d{YîdZÝ` _{h_ ñ\y${Îmª XYË`od VV²Ÿ&&13Ÿ&&
ho _mV¥Ho$ ! Vwåhmar Xmo {dÚmAm| _| {H$gr EH$ {dÚm Ho$ EH$-EH$ CËH¥$îQ> g§`wº$
(ñda ì`ÄOZ `wº$) AWdm {d`wº$ (ì`ÄOZ a{hV) Ho$db EH$ ñda `wº$ ~rO H$s
CnmgZm hr 14 àH$ma H$s {dÚm VWm _Zmo @{^bmfm H$s ny{Îm© Ho$ {b`o Abm¡{H$H$
à^md OZH$ VWm AkmZmÝYH$ma H$m ZmeH$ h¡Ÿ&
BËW§ ÌrÊ`{n _yb dm½^d _hm lr H$m_amO ñ\w$aV²
eº$çm»`m{Z MVw: lw{V àH${Q>Vm-Ý`wËH¥$îQ> Hy$Q>m{Z VoŸ&
^yVÎmw© lw{V g§»` dU© {d{XVmÝ`maº$ H$mÝVo {edo
`mo OmZm{V g Ed gd© OJVm§ g¥pîQ> pñW{V Üd§gH¥$V²Ÿ&&14Ÿ&&
ho ~mb gy`© Ho$ g_mZ H$mpÝV dmbr _“b-ñdê$no ! ^Jd{V ! nydm}º$ àH$ma go
d{U©V g§Ho$V gma ~mbm {dÚm Ho$ 3 ~rOm| VWm Mmam| doXm| _| {Zê${nV nÄMXer
_ÝÌ Ho$ AVwb e{º$embr 5, 6, 4 Ajam| Ho$ dm½^d, H$m_amO, e{º$ Hy$Q>m| H$mo
Omo gmYH$ Jwé go A{^foH$ H$amH$a J«hU H$aVm h¡, dh g§gma _| g¥pîQ>, pñW{V,
g§hma H$aZo _| g_W© hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-MVw: lw{V àH${Q>Vm{Z
= AWd© doX Ho$ gm¡^m½`-H$mÊS> _| (Xoì`Wd©erf©, 14)-
H$m_mo `mo{Z: H$_bm dO«nm{U J©whm hgm _mV[aídm^«{_ÝÐ:Ÿ&
nwZJw©hm gH$bm _m``m M nwê$À`ofm {díd_mVm{X {dÚmŸ&&
= H$m_ (H$), `mo{Z (E), H$_bm (B©), dO«nm{U = BÝÐ (b), Jwhm (õt), h,
g, (dU©), _mV[aídm = dm`w (H$), A^« (h),BÝÐ (b), nwZ: Jwhm (õt), g,
-10-
H$, b, (dU©), _m`m (õt)-`h gdm©pË_H$m _yb {dÚm h¡Ÿ&
dm½^d Hy$Q>-H$ E B© b õtŸ& H$m_amO Hy$Q>-h g H$ h b õtŸ&
e{º$ Hy$Q>-g H$ b õtŸ& Hw$b 15 AjaŸ(5+6+4) &
F$½doX _|-ê$n§ ê$n§ à{Vê$nmo ~^yd VXñ` ê$n§ à{V MjUm`Ÿ&
BÝÐmo _m`m{^: nwéê$n B©`Vo `wº$ øñ` ha`: eVm XeŸ&& (F$H²$ 6/47/18)
ê$n§ ê$n§ _Kdm ~mo^dr{V _m`m: H¥$ÊdmZñËd§ n[a ñdm_²Ÿ&
{Ì`©{Ôd: n[a_whÿV©_mJmV² ñd¡_©ÝÌ¡aZ¥Vwnm F$VmdmŸ&& (F$H²$ 3/53/8)
V¡{Îmar` AmaÊ`H$ (1/27), AéUmon{ZfX² (1-8) _| ^r-
g_m§ Zw H§$ ^wdZm grfYo_Ÿ& BÝÐíM {dído Xodm: `k§ M ZñËd§ M àOm§ MŸ&
Am{XË`¡[aÝÐ: gh grfYmVwŸ& A{XË`¡[aÝÐ: g J JUmo _é{X²^:Ÿ& Añ_mH§$ ^yËd{dVm
VZyZm_² Amßbdñd àßbdñdŸ& AÊS>r ^d O _m _whþ:Ÿ& gwImXt Xw:I {ZYZm_²Ÿ&
à{V_wÄMñd ñdm§ na_ _arM`: ñdm`å^wdm:Ÿ& `o earamÊ`H$ën`Z²Ÿ& Vo Vo Xoh§
H$ën`ÝVw Ÿ& _m M Vo »`m ñ_ Vr[afV²Ÿ& C{ÎmîR>V _m ñdßVŸ& Ap½Z{_ÀN>Üd§
^maVm:Ÿ& amk: gmo_ñ` V¥ßVmg:Ÿ& gy`}U g`wOmofg:Ÿ`wdm gwdmgm: (n[adrV
AmJmV²Ÿ& g C lo`mZ² ^d{V Om`_mZ:Ÿ& V§ Yramg: H$d` CÝZ`pÝVŸ& ñdm{Y`mo
_Zgm Xod`ÝV:)Ÿ& AîQ>m MH«$m Zd ÛmamŸ& XodmZm§ nya`moÜ`mŸ& Vñ`m§ {haÊ_`:
H$moe:Ÿ& ñdJm} bmoH$mo Á`mo{Vfm@@d¥V: `mo d¡ Vm§ ~«÷Umo doXŸ& A_¥VoZm @@d¥Vm§
nwar_²Ÿ& Vñ_¡ ~«÷ M ~«÷m MŸ& Am`w: H$s{Îmª àOm§ XXw:Ÿ& {d^«mO_mZm± h[aUr_²Ÿ&
`egm gånard¥Vm_²Ÿ& nwa§ {haÊ_`t ~«÷mŸ& {ddoem@nam{OVm namLo Ë`Á`m_`rŸ&
namLo-Ë`ZmeH$sŸ& Bh Mm_wÌ MmÝdo{VŸ& {dÛmZ² Xodm-gwamZ² C^`mZ² `V² Hw$_mar
_ÝÐ`VoŸ& `Úmo{fV² `V² n{Vd«VmŸ& A[aîQ>§ `V² {H$ÄM {H«$`VoŸ& Ap½ZñVX-ZwdoY{V
Aûm¥Vmg: ûm¥VmgíMŸ& `ÁdmZmo `o @ß``ÁdZ: ñd`©ÝVmo ZmnojÝVoŸ& BÝÐ_p½Z¨ M Vo
{dXw:Ÿ{gH$Vm Bd g§`pÝVŸ& apí_{^: g_wXr[aVm:Ÿ& Añ_mëbmoH$mX_wî_mÀMŸ&
F${f{^aXmV² n¥píZ{^:Ÿ&
BgHo$ A{V[aº$ ^mdZm, {Ìnwam, {ÌnamVm{nZr, Xodr, lr{dÚmVmaH$-BZ
Cn{ZfXm| _| ^r nÄMXer VWm BZHo$ 3 Hy$Q>m| H$m dU©Z h¡Ÿ&
fS>Üd emoYZ-AÜd H$m AW© _mJ© h¡Ÿ& Üd= qhgm, _mJ© Aqhgm H$m hmoVm h¡, AV:
Üda (road- dU© {dn`©` go) H$mo ^r _mJ© H$hVo h¢Ÿ& O¡Z _w{Z _mJ© na MbVo
-11-
g_` A[h§gm H$m {deof à`ËZ H$aVo h¢Ÿ& AÜda H$m AW© `k h¡, Omo AWm©Zwgma
AqhgH$ hr hmo gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& _mJ© 6 àH$ma Ho$ h¢-6 Xe©Z, 6 Xe© dmH²$ `m {b{n, 6
àH$ma H$s gmYZm {d{YŸ& AV: _mJ© H$mo fQ²>H$ (g‹S>H$) H$hVo h¢Ÿ&
eara Ho$ 6 AÜd h¢-1. H$bmÜd-{Zd¥{Îm, à{VîR>m Am{X H$bmAm| go _Zwî` H$m
_yYm©, OmZw, n¡a ~Zo h¢Ÿ&
2. ^wdmZÜd-Ho$eŸ& 3. _ÝÌmÜd-_m§g, é{YaŸ&
4. nXmÜd VWm 5 dUm©Üd-_Zwî` H$s {eam`|Ÿ&
6. VÎdmÜd-_ÁOm, _oX, ApñW, YmVw, aoV (dr`©)Ÿ&
eãXmÜd_` 3 h¢-dUm©Üdm, nXmÜdm, _ÝÌmÜdmŸ&
AWm©Üd ^r 3 h¢-H$bmÜdm, VÎdmÜdm, ^wdZmÜdmŸ&
H$bmÜdm-{Zd¥{Îm, à{VîR>m, {dÚm, empÝV, emÝË`VrVm H$bmŸ&
VÎdmÜdm-36 {ed VÎd, 32 d¡îUd VÎd, 24 gm§»` VÎd, 10 àH¥${V VÎd,
VWm 7 e{º$ ([Ìnwam)Ÿ&
^wdZmÜd-n¥Ïdr, Ob, VoO, dm`w, AmH$meŸ&
dUm©Üd-A go j VH$ 50 dU©Ÿ&
nXmÜd-dUm] VWm Ajam| Ho$ g_yh go nX ~ZVo h¢Ÿ&
_ÝÌmÜd-Ajam| Ho$ g_yh go _ÝÌ ~ZVo h¢Ÿ&
Jwé Ûmam AÜd emoYZ H«$_-nmX _| H$bmÜd, AÝYw (O§Km) _| VÎdmÜd, Zm{^ _|
^wdZmÜd, öX` _| dUm©Üd, ^mb _| nXmÜd, _yYm© _| _ÝÌmÜd H$mŸ&
{ZË`§ `ñVd _mV¥H$mja gIt gm¡^m½` {dÚm§ OnoV²
gånyÁ`m{Ib MH«$amO {Zb`m§ gm`§ VZmp½Z¨ à^m_²Ÿ&
H$m_m»`§ {ed Zm_ VÎd-_w^`§ ì`mß`mË_Zm gd©Vmo
Xrì`ÝVr-{_h Vñ` {g{Õ-a{MamV² ñ`mV² ËdV² ñdê$n¡H$VmŸ&&15Ÿ&&
ho ^Jd{V {ÌnwagwÝX[a ! MH«$amO Ho$ _Ü` _| pñWV gm`§ H$mbrZ Ap½Z Ho$ g_mZ
H$mpÝV_`r H$m_oída {ed VWm qghmgZ Ho$ nm`o ~Zo hþ`o ~«÷m, {dîUw, éÐ,
B©ída-BZ 4 Xodm| H$mo VWm \$bH$ Ho$ ê$n _| gXm{ed H$mo AnZo eara go {ZH$bo hþ`o
VoO go ì`mßV H$a MVw{X©H²$ go àH$m{eV hmoH$a Vwåhmar nyOm H$aZo Ho$ ~mX Omo
gmYH$ A-j _mbm go gm¡^m½`àX Vwåhmao nÄMXer _ÝÌ H$m Omn H$aVm h¡, dh
-12-
erK« hr Bg g§gma go dmpÄN>V {g{Õ nmH$a _aUmonamÝV Vwåhmao ê$n _| brZ hmo
OmVm h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-MH«$amO lr-MH«$ Ho$ MH«$ VWm XodVm-
H«$_ MH«$ AmdaU XodVm
1. Ì¡bmoŠ`_mohZ {Ìnwam MH«o$ídar
2. gdm©emn[anyaH$ {Ìnwaoer MH«o$ídar
3. gd© g§jmo^U {Ìnwa gwÝXar MH«o$ídar
4. gd©gm¡^m½`Xm`H$ {Ìnwadm{gZr MH«o$ídar
5. gd©mW©gmYH$ {Ìnwam MH«o$ídar
6. gd©ajmH$a {Ìnwa_m{bZr MH«o$ídar
7. gd©amJha {Ìnwa{gÕm MH«o$ídar
8. gd©{g{ÕàX {Ìnwamå~m MH«o$ídar
9. gd©mZÝX_` _hm{ÌnwagÝXar MH«o$ídar
h`J«rd VWm AmZÝX^¡ad _V _|$ 9 MH«$ h¢, {H$ÝVw X{jUm_y{Îm© _V _| d¥ÎmÌ` H$mo
^r EH$ MH«$ _mZVo h¢-Ì¡dJ©gmYZ MH«$Ÿ&
lr MH«$ H$m dU©Z {H$`m OmVm h¡-
{dÝXw {ÌH$moU dgw H$moU Xema `w½_ _Ýdò ZmJXb g§`wV fmoS>ema_²Ÿ&
d¥ÎmÌ`§ M YaUr gXZÌ`§ M lrMH«$_oVXw{XV§ naXodVm`m:Ÿ&
BgHo$ {dñVma Ho$ {b`o H$anmÌr Or H$s lr{dÚm d[adñ`m `m X{V`m Ho$ nrVmå~am
nrR> go àH$m{eV nwñVH|$ XoI|Ÿ&
H$mì`mo: nmn{R>V¡: {H$_ën {dXwfm§ OmoKwî`_mU¡: nwZ:
qH$ V¡ì`m©H$aU¡-{d©~mo{YV-V`m qH$ dm{^YmZ {l`mŸ&
EV¡aå~ Z ~mo^dr{V gwH${d-ñVmdV² Vd lr_Vm
`m©dZ² ZmZwgar gar{V gaqU nmXmãO`mo: nmdZr_²Ÿ&&16Ÿ&&
h¡ Apå~Ho$ ! (_mVm), O~ VH$ H$moB© nwéf Vwåhmao A{Ve` emo^membr MaU-
H$_bm| Ho$ AË`ÝV n{dÌ _mJ© H$m AZwgaU Zht H$aVm, AWm©V² {d{Y {dYmZ go
CnmgZm Zht H$aVm V~ VH$ dh gwH${d Zht ~Z gH$Vm, AWm©V² CgH$s H${dVm
_| AW©, bm{bË` Am{X JwU Zht Am gH$VoŸ& {~Zm Vwåhmar ^{º$ Ho$ Aën~w{Õ
-13-
_mZd _hmH${d`m| Ûmam a{MV _hmH$mì`m| H$mo ~ma ~ma n‹T>Zo (Amo{‹S>Am _| Kmo{f~m)
go ^r gwH${d Zht ~Z gH$VmŸ&
{Q>ßnUr-`hr ^JdmZ² e‘>amMm`© Zo gm¡ÝX`©bhar (17) _| ^r {bIm h¡-
gm{dÌr{^dm©Mm§ e{e_{U {ebm^“ é{M{^:
d{eÝ`mÚm{^ñËdm§ gh OZ{Z gpÄMV{V`:Ÿ&
g H$Îmm© H$mì`mUm§ ^d{V _hVm_{“é{M{^:
dMmo{^dm©J² Xodr dXZ H$_bm@@_moX _Ywa¡:Ÿ&&
Joh§ ZmH${V J{d©V àUd{V ñÌr g“_mo _moj{V
Ûofr {_Ì{V nmVH§$ gwH¥$V{V ú_mdëb^mo Xmg{VŸ&
_¥Ë`wd£Ú{V XyfU§ gwJwU{V ËdËnmX g§godZmV²
Ëdm§ dÝXo ^d^r{V ^ÄOZ H$at Jm¡at {Jare {à`m_²Ÿ&&17Ÿ&&
ho ^Jd{V {Ìnwao ! Vwåhmao MaUm| H$s godm H$aZo go Vwåhmao ^º CnmgH$ Ho$ {b`o
CgH$m Ka ñdJ© ~Z OmVm h¡, CgHo$ gå_wI K_ÊS>r nwéf ^r Z_« ~Z OmVm h¡,
VWm ñÌr àg“ _moj _|, eÌw {_Ì _|, nmn nwÊ` _|, _¥Ë`w (`_amO) d¡Ú _| VWm
Xmof JwUm| _| n[aUV hmo OmVo h¢Ÿ& AV: g§gma _| AmdmJ_Z Ho$ ^` H$s {dZm{eZr,
^JdmZ² e‘>a H$s àmU-dëb^m Vw_ Jm¡ar ^JdVr (nmd©Vr) H$mo _¢ àUm_ H$aVm
hÿ±Ÿ&
AmÚ¡ap½Z adrÝXw {~å~ {Zb`¡aå~ {Ì{b“mË_{^:
{_lmaº$ {gV à^¡aZwn_¡`w©î_V² nX¡ñV¡ pñÌ{^:Ÿ&
ñdmË_moËnm{XV H$mb bmoH$ {ZJ_m-dñWm-_am{X Ì`¡-
éX²^yV§ {Ìnwao{V Zm_ H$b`oÚñVo g YÝ`mo ~wY:Ÿ&&18Ÿ&&
ho Aå~ ! AH$Wm{X {ÌH$moU _| pñWV A, H$, W-BZ VrZ Ajam| H$s {OZ_| à_wIVm
h¡, VWm Ap½Z, gy`©, MÝÐ _ÊS>b _| pñWV _ybmYma, AZmhV, Amkm MH«$mo§ Ho$
ñd`å^y, ~mU, BVa {b“ ñdê$n Vwåhmao MaUm| go, VWm {Ìnwa gwÝXar Ho$ H$m_
H$bmË_H$ {Ì{dÝXw ñdê$n AmË_m go CËnm{XV {ÌYm ì`dpñWV ({ÌV`mË_H$)
VrZ H$mb, VrZ doX, VrZ AdñWm, VrZ Xod, Am{X {ÌV`m| go »`m{V àmßV
Vwåhmao {Ìnwam Zm_H$ _ÝÌ H$mo Omo CnmgH$ OmZVm h¡, dh kmZr CnmgH$ YÝ` h¡Ÿ&
AWm©V² g^r Ì`mË_H$ nXmW© {Ìnwam ^JdVr Ho$ ñdê$n h¢Ÿ&
-14-
AmÚmo Omß`V_mW© dmMH$ V`m ê$T>: ñda: nÄM_:
gdm}ËH¥$îQ> V_mW© dmMH$V`m dU©: n-dJm©ÝVH$:Ÿ&
dº¥$ËdoZ _hm {d^y{V ga{UñËdmYmaJmo öX²JVmo
^«y_Ü` pñWV BË`V: àUdVm Vo Jr`Vo MmJ_¡:Ÿ&&19Ÿ&&
ho ^Jd{V ! ›H$ma _| Omo -A, C, _-`o 3 Aja h¢, BZH$m àW_ Aja Vwåhmao
_yb _ÝÌ Ho$ àW_ Hy$Q> H$m dmMH$ h¡& {ÛVr` Aja C (nÄM_ ñda) {ÛVr` Hy$Q>
VWm Vrgam Aja _ (ndJ© H$m ApÝV_ dU©) V¥Vr` Hy$Q> h¡Ÿ& BZ Ajam| H$m Omn
gdm}ËH¥$îQ> \$b Xm`H$ h¡Ÿ& _ybmYma, öX` H$m AZmhV VWm ^«y_Ü` Ho$ Amkm MH«$m|
Ho$ Ap½Z, gy`©, gmo_ MH«$m| _| Vwåhmao _ÝÌ Ho$ 3 Hy$Q>m| H$s pñW{V hmoZo go Vwåhmar
›H$ma ê$nVm {gÕ hmo OmVr h¡Ÿ& `h AmJ_ (doXm|) go ^r à_m{UV h¡Ÿ-AH$ma,
CH$ma, _H$ma B{V (_mÊSy>Š`mon{ZfX²>, 8)Ÿ& › B[V ~«÷ (V¡{Îmar` Cn{ZfX²,
1/8/1, ZmaX n[ad«mOH$ Cn{ZfX² 8/2)Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-AmJ_ H$m AW© àm`: VÝÌ {b`m OmVm h¡, {H$ÝVw Bg_| doX H$s ^r {JZVr
h¡Ÿ& ~«÷m Zo g¥pîQ> Amaå^ H$aZo Ho$ g_` nwamUm| H$m ñ_aU {H$`m WmŸ& àmMrZ
H$ën H$m ahñ` g_PZo na CZHo$ _wI go doX {ZH$boŸ& ñ_aU H$s {H«$`m VWm doXm|
H$m {Z_m©U VÝÌ H$s {H«$`m h¡Ÿ&
àW_§ gd© emñÌmUm§ nwamU§ ~«÷Um ñ_¥V_²Ÿ&
AZÝVa§ M dŠÌoä`mo doXmñVñ` {d{ZJ©Vm:Ÿ&&
(dm`w nwamU 1/61, _Ëñ` nwamU 53/3)
`o g^r kmZ H$m _yb òmoV hmoZoHo$ H$maU AmJ_ h¢Ÿ& {ZgJ© H$m AZw^d lw{V
Am{X _mÜ`_m| Ûmam ñd`§ ^r {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡, AV: Bgo {ZJ_ ({ZgJ© =
àH¥${V go AmJV) `m lw{V H$hVo h¢Ÿ& VÝÌ _| ì`mdhm[aH$ H$m`© h¡, Omo Jwé naånam
Ho$ {~Zm Zht hmo gH$VmŸ& BgH$m Amaå^ {ed-nmd©Vr go hþAm WmŸ& AV: AmJ_
H$s ì`wËn{Îm H$hr OmVr h¡-
AmJV§ nÄMdŠÌmÎmw JV§ M {J[aOmZZoŸ&
_ZÄM dmgwXodñ` Vñ_mXmJ_ CÀ`VoŸ&&
Jm`Ìr g{eam Vwar` g{hVm gÝÜ`m-_`r-Ë`mJ_¡-
am»`mVm {Ìnwao Ëd_od _hVm§ e_©àXm H$_©Um_²Ÿ&
-15-
VÎmÔe©Z _w»` e{º$a{n M Ëd§ ~«÷ gd}ídar
H$Îmm©-h©Z²-nwéfmo h[aíM g{dVm ~wÕ: {edñËd§ Jwé:Ÿ&&20Ÿ&&
ho {Ìnwao ! Vw_ Ah‘>ma ê$nr {ga g{hV Vwar` Jm`Ìr hmo, {OgH$s AmJ_m| _|
{ÌH$mb gÝÜ`m d{U©V h¡Ÿ& g^r {ÌV` H$m ñdê$n hmoZo go {Ìnwam hmo, VWm g^r
H$_m] H$m \$b XoZo dmbr hmoŸ& ZmZm Xe©Zm| _| à{Vnm{XV A{YXodVm Vwåht hmo-`Wm
doXmpÝV`m| H$m ~«÷, _r_m§gH$m| H$m H$_©, emº$m| H$s e{º$ (^wdZoídar), Z¡`m{`H$m|
H$m H$Îmm©, (Mmdm©H$m| H$m ^m¡{VH$dmX), O¡Z _V go Ah©V², gm§»` Xe©Z H$m nwéf,
nmÄMamÌ AmJ_ H$m {dîUw (h[a), gm¡a Xe©Z H$m gy`© (g{dVm), ~m¡Õ bmoJm| H$m
~wÕ, e¡dmJ_m| H$m {ed, VWm JmUnË` Xe©Z H$m JUoe (Jwé)Ÿ&
AÝZ àmU _Z: à~moY na_mZÝX¡: {ea: nj `wH²$
nwÀN>mË_ àH$Q>¡-_©hmon{ZfXm dmp½^: à{gÕr H¥$V¡:Ÿ&
H$moe¡: nÄM{^-ao{^aå~ ^dVr-_oVV² àbrZm{_{V
Á`mo{V: àÁdb-XwÁÁdbmË_ Mnbm§ `mo doX g ~«÷{dV²Ÿ&&21Ÿ&&
ho _mV: ! _mZd eara Ho$ 5 H$mofm| H$m Cn{ZfX² _| njr Ho$ ê$n _| dU©Z {H$`m J`m
h¡Ÿ& AÝZ_` H$mof {ga, àmU_` VWm _Zmo_` H$mof 2 nj, {dkmZ_` (à~moY)
H$mof nwÀN>, VWm na_mZÝX `m AmZÝX_` H$mof AmË_m (Ho$ÝÐ `m öX`) h¡Ÿ& BZ 5
àH$ma Ho$ H$mofm| Ûmam Bg {díd eara _| brZ na_ Á`mo{V_©` àH$me go àÁd{bV
AmË_m ê$n _| Vw_H$mo Omo OmZVm h¡ (Jwé Xrjm Û>mam), dhr ~«÷ H$mo OmZVm h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-_wÊS>H$mon{ZfX² (2/7,9) _| ^r h¡-
`: gd©k: gd©{dX² `ñ`¡f _{h_m ^w{dŸ&
{Xì`o ~«÷nwao øof ì`moåÝ`mË_m à{VpîR>V:Ÿ&&
_Zmo_`: àmU eara ZoVm à{VpîR>Vmo @ÝZo öX`§ g§[ZYm`Ÿ&
V{ÛkmZoZ n[aní`pÝV Yram AmZÝXê$n__¥V§ `X² {d^m{VŸ&&7Ÿ&&
{haÊ_`o nao H$mofo {daO§ ~«÷ {ZîH$b_²Ÿ&
VÀNw>^«§ Á`mo{Vfm§ Á`mo{VñVÚXmË_{dXmo {dXw:Ÿ&&9Ÿ&&
gpÀMV² VÎd_gr{V dmŠ` {d{XV¡-aÜ`mË_ {dÚm {ed
~«÷m»`¡-aVwb à^md g{hV¡-ñVÎd¡-pñÌ{^: gX²Jwamo:Ÿ&
VÐÿnñ` _wIma{dÝX {ddamV² g§àmß` Xrjm _Vmo
-16-
 `ñËdm§ {dÝX{V VÎdV-ñVXh{_-Ë`m`} g _wº$mo ^doV²Ÿ&&22Ÿ&&
ho Am`} ! gV², {MV², VV², Ëd_²-BZ 4 doX Ho$ _hmdmŠ`m| go {d{XV VrZ VÎdm|-
AmË_VÎd, {dÚmVÎd, {edVÎd VWm gd©-VÎd (Omo ñWyb, gyú_, H$maU,
_hmH$maU earam| Ho$ emoYH$ h¢) Ûmam VËñdê$n na~«÷ ^JdVr H$m kmZ Omo
gmYH$ gX²Jwé Ho$ _wIma{dÝX go nyUm©{^foH$ Xrjm go àmßV H$a `h ^mdZm H$aVm
h¡ {H$ _¢ ñd`§ ~«÷ê${nUr {ÌnwagwÝXar ñdê$n hÿ±, dhr OrdÝ_wº$ hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-nyUm©{^foH$ _| 4 doXm| Ho$ 4 _hmdmŠ`m| H$m à`moJ hmoVm h¡-àkmZ§ ~«÷
(F$H²$), Ah§ ~«÷mpñ_ (`Owd}X), A`_mË_m ~«÷ (AWd© doX) VÎd_{g (gm_
doX)-_R>måZm` Cn{ZfX² _| d{U©VŸ& _hmdmŠ`m| Ho$ CnXoe Ho$ ~mX VXh§ = Ah§
~«÷mpñ_-H$s ^mdZm H$s OmVr h¡Ÿ& _hm{Zdm©U VÝÌ _| nyUm©{^foH$ Xrjm H$m
dU©Z h¡Ÿ (Xe_ Cëbmg _|)&
{gÕmÝV¡-~©hþ{^: à_mU J{UV¡-aÝ`¡-a{dÚm V_mo
ZjÌ¡[ad gd©_ÝY V_g§ VmdÝZ {Z{^©ÚVoŸ&
`mdÎmo g{dVod g§_V{_X§ ZmoXo{V {dídmÝVao
OÝVmoO©Ý_ {ZdmaU¡H$ {^Xwa§ lremå^{d lr {edoŸ&&23Ÿ&&
ho emå^{d {edo ! gånyU© OJV² H$m AÝYH$ma gy`m}X` Ho$ {~Zm ZjÌm| go Xya Zht
hmoVmŸ& Cgr àH$ma ZmZm àH$ma Ho$ {gÕmÝVm| VWm AZoH$ àH$ma Ho$ à_mUm| (àË`j,
AZw_mZ, Cn_mZ, eãX) Ûmam \¡$bm hþAm A{dÚm ê$nr _hm AÝYH$ma V~ VH$
ZîQ> Zht hmoVm O~ VH$ OrdÝ_w{º$ Ho$ A{^bmfr gmYH$ Ho$ öX` _| CÎm_ _V
(CnmgZm) ê$nr gy`© H$m CX` Zht hmoVm, Omo nwZO©Ý_ H$mo ZîQ> H$aZo _| {gÕhñV
h¡Ÿ&
AmË_m@gm¡ gH$bopÝÐ`ml` _Zmo ~wÕçm{X{^: emo{MV:
H$_m©~Õ VZwO©qZ M _aU§ àmßZmo{V `ËH$maU_²Ÿ&
VÎmo Xo{d _hm{dbmg bhar {Xì`m`wYmZm§ O`-
ñVñ_mV² Ëdm§ Jwé-_ä`wnoË` H$b`o Ëdm_od MoÝ_wÀ`VoŸ&&24Ÿ&&
ho Xo{d ! H$_}pÝÐ`m| VWm kmZopÝÐ`m| Ho$ Aml`r ^yV, _Z, ~w{Õ, {MÎm, Ah‘>ma go
Xw:{IV VWm g§gma _| BhbmoH$ VWm nabmoH$ Ho$ H$_m] Ho$ H$maU AmË_m H$m OÝ_-
_aU H$m MH«$ h¡Ÿ& dh Vwåhmao _hm{dbmg ê$nr g_wÐ H$s e{º$embr Va“m| Ho$
-17-
g_mZ gm_Ï`© dmbo Voao {Xì` Am`wYm| H$s O` h¡Ÿ& AV: Vwåhmao ê$n H$mo àmßV Jwé
Ho$ {ZH$Q> Vwåhmar CnmgZm H$aZo go hr _w{º$ àmßV hmoVr h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-_hm{Ìnwa gwÝXar Ho$ 4 hmWm| _| 4 Am`wY h¢Ÿ& D$na Ho$ dm_ hmW _| YZwf,
X{jU _| ~mU, ZrMo Ho$ dm_ hmW _| nme, X{jU _| A‘x>e h¡Ÿ& nme = amJ,
AZwa{º$Ÿ& A‘x>e = H«$moY, Ûof Am{X d¥{ÎmŸ& YZwf = _Z ê$nr Bjw YZwfŸ& ~mU =
5 VÝ_mÌm ê$nr 5 nwîn ~mUŸ&
VÝÌamO Ho$ dmgZm nQ>b _|-
_Zmo ^do{Xjw YZw: nmemo amJ CXr[aV:Ÿ&
Ûof: ñ`mX‘x>e: nÄM VÝ_mÌm nwîn-gm`H$m:Ÿ&&
CÎma MVw:eVr emñÌ _| Am`wYm| H$m ñdê$n h¡-
BÀN>m e{º$ _`§ nme§ _“b kmZ ê${nU_²Ÿ&
{H«$`me{º$ _`o ~mU YZwfr XYXwÁÁdb_²Ÿ&&
dm_Ho$ída VÝÌ _| eãX, ñne©, ê$n, ag, JÝY H$mo 5 ~mU H$hm h¡-
eãX-ñnem©X`mo ~mUm _ZñVñ`m @^dÕZw:Ÿ&
H$m{X _V _| 3 àH$ma Ho$ ~mU d{U©V h¢-ñWyb ~mU \y$bm| Ho$ h¢, gyú_ _ÝÌ_`,
VWm na-~mU dmgZm_` h¢-
~mUñVw {Ì{dYm: àmoº$: ñWyb gyú_ naËdV:Ÿ&
ñWybm nwîn_`m: gyú_m _ÝÌmË_mZ: g_r[aVm:Ÿ&&
namíM dmgZm `mÝVw àmoº$m: ñWybmZ² ûm¥Uw {à`oŸ&
H$_b§ H¡$ad§ aº§$ H$ëhmaoÝXrdao VWmŸ& ghH$maH${_Ë`wº§$ nwînnÄMH$_rídarŸ&&
H$m{bH$m nwamU _| BZHo$ H$m_ Ho$ AZwgma Zm_ h¢-hf©U, amoMZ, _mohZ, _maU-
hf©U§ amoMZm»`ÄM _mohZ§ emofU§ VWmŸ&
_maU§ MoË`_r ~mUm _wZrZm_{n _mohXm:Ÿ&&
kmZmU©d _| jmo^U, ÐmdU, derH$aU, CÝ_ÎmrH$aU h¢-
jmo^U§ ÐmdU§ Xodr VWm @@H$f©U g§kH$_²Ÿ&
dí`moÝ_mXr H«$_oU¡d Zm_m{Z na_oídarŸ&&
VÝÌamO _| _XZ, CÝ_mXZ, _mohZ, XrnZ, emofU h¢-
_XZmoÝ_mXZm¡ níMmÎmWm _mohZ XrnZm¡Ÿ&
-18-
emofUíMo{V H${WV: ~mUm nÄM nwamo{XVm:Ÿ&&
ZmZm `mo{Z ghò gå^d demÁOmVm OZÝ`: H${V
à»`mVm OZH$m: {H$`ÝV B{V _o goËñ`pÝV MmJ«o H${VŸ&
EVofm§ JUZ¡d ZmpñV _hV: g§gma {gÝYmo{d©Yo-
^uV§ _m§ {ZVam_ZÝ` eaU§ ajmZwH$ånm {ZYoŸ&&25Ÿ&&
ZmZm àH$ma H$s `mo{Z`m| _| hOmam| OÝ_ boZo go `h nVm Zht {H$ {H$VZr _mVmAm|
Ho$ J^© _| Am`o VWm {H$VZo {nVm ~ZoŸ& ^{dî` _| ^r {H$VZo _mVm-{nVm hm|Jo-
BZH$s JUZm Zht h¡Ÿ& Bggo ^`^rV hmoH$a Xwdm©gm _w{Z X`mdVr _mVm go n«mW©Zm
H$aVo h¢ {H$ Voao A{V[aº$ _wPo H$ht eaU Zht {_b gH$Vr h¡, AV: Bg g§gma
gmJa _| Sy>~Zo go _wPo C~ma H$a AnZr eaU _| boŸ&
Xoh jmo^ H$a¡ d©«V¡-~©hþ{dY¡-Xm©Z¡íM hmo_¡-O©n¡:
gÝVmZ¡-h©`_oY _w»` gw_wI¡-Zm©Zm {dY¡: H$_©{^:Ÿ&
`Ëg‘>ën {dH$ën _{bZ§ »`mV§ nX§ Vñ` Vo
XyamXod {ddV©Vo naVa§ _mV: nX§ {Z_©b_²Ÿ&&26Ÿ&&
ho _mV: ! Xoh H$mo AË`ÝV H$îQ> nhþ±MmZo dmbo ~hþV àH$ma Ho$ {Zamhma Am{X d«V,
XmZ, hmo_, On, AÝZ-gÌ, Aíd_oY Am{X `km| Am¡a nwÊ` H$_m] go àmß` g‘>ën
Am¡a {dH$ënm| go _{bZ Omo CÀM nX {_bVm h¡, Cggo ~hþV nao Vwåhmam {Z_©b nX
h¡Ÿ&
nÄMmepÝZO XohOmja ^d¡Zm©Zm {dY¡-Ym©Vw{^:
~ˆW£: nX-dmŠ` _mZ-OZH¡$-aWm© {dZm ^m{dV¡:Ÿ&
gm{^àm` dXW© H$_© \$bX¡: »`mV¡-aZÝV¡-[aX§
{díd§ ì`mß` {MXmË_Zmh-_h-{_Ë`wÁO¥å^go _mV¥Ho$Ÿ&&27Ÿ&&
ho _mV¥Ho$ _mV¥H$mja ñdê${nUr ! _mVm AnZo eara go CËnÝZ nMmg (50)
Ajam| go n¡Xm hþ`o AZoH$ AWm] dmbr ZmZm àH$ma H$s YmVwAm| go gmW©H$ VWm
A{^àm` Ho$ gmW CÀM[aV KQ>-nQ> Am{X AWm] Ho$ {ZX}eH$ à{gÕ AZÝV nX,
dmŠ` nÚ, JÚ Am{X go {Z{_©V dmL²>_` {díd _| ì`mßV hmoH$a `h KmofUm H$aVr
h¡ {H$ Ho$db Ah§ (A go h VH$ g^r Aja) AWm©V² _¢ hr _mV¥H$m ê$n hÿ±Ÿ&
-19-
lrMH«§$ lw{V _ybH$mof B{V Vo g§gma MH«$mË_H§$
{d»`mV§ VX{YpîR>Vmja {ed Á`mo{V_©`§ gd©V:Ÿ&
EVÝ_ÝÌ _`mpË_H$m-{^aéU§ lrgwÝXar{^-d©¥V§
_Ü`o d¡ÝXd qgh nrR> b{bVo Ëd§ ~«÷{dÚm {edoŸ&&28Ÿ&&
ho {edo, H$ë`mUê$no ! g§gma MH«$ ê$nr lr MH«$ _| pñWV ~rOmja ê$n e{º$`m| go
Á`mo{V_©` _yb {dÚm Ho$ 9 ~rO _ÝÌm| go àg¥V emo^mem{bZr AmdaU e{º$`m| go
{Kam lr MH«$ doXm| Ho$ _yb H$maU ›H$ma H$m H$mof h¡Ÿ& AWm©V² lrMH«$ Ho$ _Ü`
{ÌH$moU _| pñWV {dÝXw MH«$ Ho$ D$na emo{^V 5 _hmàoVm| Ho$ qghmgZ na _hm
H$m_oída Ho$ A‘> _| Vy ~«÷mpË_H$m pñWV h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-_mhoída gyÌ Ho$ 43 Aja lrMH«$ Ho$ 43 {ÌH$moU h¢Ÿ& ZpÝXHo$ída H$m{eH$m
_| BZgo {díd CËn{Îm {XIm`r J`r h¡Ÿ& nm{U{Z ì`mH$aU H$m AmYma ^r `hr
_mhoída gyÌ h¢Ÿ& BZ gyÌm| Ho$ Ajam| go hr àË`mhma (g§jon) gyÌ ~ZVo h¢, {OZgo
nm{U{Z gyÌ ~Zo h¡§Ÿ& kmZU©d VÝÌ Ho$ AZwgma ^r {OZ Ajam| go lr MH«$ H$m
àgma hþAm h¡, CÝht go g§gmaMH«$ H$m ^r {dñVma hþAm h¡-
bH$mamV² n¥{Wdr OmVm ge¡b dZ H$mZZmŸ&
nÄMmeV² nrR> gånÝZm gd© VrW© _`r namŸ&&
gd© J“m _`r gd© joÌ ñWmZ _`r {edoŸ&
gH$mamÀMÝÐ Vmam{X J«ham{e ñdê${nUrŸ&&
hH$mamV² {ed gå~moY ì`mo_ _ÊS>b g§pñWVmŸ&
B©H$mamX² {díd H$Ìu`§ _m`m Vw`m©pË_H$m {à`oŸ&&
gH$mamX² d¡îUdr e{º$: {dídnmbZ VËnamŸ&
aH$mamÎmoOgm `wº$m na§ Á`mo{V: ñdê${nUrŸ&&
H$H$mamËH$m_Xm H$m_ê${nUr ñ\w$aXì``mŸ&
AY© MÝÐoU Xodo{e {díd`mo{Z [aVr[aVmŸ&&
{dÝXwZm {edê$noU eyÝ` ê$noU gm{jUrŸ&&
^mdZmon{ZfX² _| ñnîQ> h¡-lr Jwé: gd©H$maU ^yVm: e{º$:Ÿ&&1Ÿ&&
VoZ Zd aÝY« ê$nmo Xoh:Ÿ&&2Ÿ&& Zd MH«$ ê$n§ lr MH«$_²Ÿ&&3Ÿ&&
nwéfmWm©: gmJam:Ÿ&&5Ÿ&& Xohmo ZdaËZ Ûrn:Ÿ&&6Ÿ&&
-20-
ËdJm{X gßV YmVw amo_ g§`wº$:&&7Ÿ&&
g‘>ënm: H$ënVadñVoO: H$ënH$moÚmZ_²Ÿ&&8Ÿ&&
agZ`m ^mì`_mZm _Ywa bdU {Vº$ H$Qw> H$fm` agm: fS¥>Vd:Ÿ&&9Ÿ&&
{dÝXw àmU {dgJ© Ord g{hV§ {~ÝXw {Ì~rOmË_H$_²
fQ²> Hy$Q>m{Z {dn`©`oU {ZJXoÎmma {Ì~mbmdb¡:Ÿ&
E{^: gånw{Q>V§ àOß` {dahoV² àmgmX _Ý̧ na§
JwømX² JwøV_§ g`moJ O{ZV§ gX²^moJ _moj àX_²Ÿ&&29Ÿ&&
Bgo jonH$ _mZ H$a BgH$s g§ñH¥$V Q>rH$m _mÌ Xr h¡, {hÝXr ì`m»`m Zht h¡Ÿ&
{dÝXw 15dm§ ñda `m àmU h¡, CgHo$ ~mX {dgJ© 16dm§ h¡Ÿ& {dgJ© = h§, `m h-H$ma
H$m AY© CÀMmaU h¡Ÿ& Ord g-H$ma h¡Ÿ& Cgo {_bmZo go h§g: _ÝÌ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& BgHo$
{dn`©`-{dbmo_ go 6 _ÝÌ hmoVo h¢-gmo@h_², A:, h§g:, A:, gmo@h_²Ÿ& 3 Hy$Q>m| Ho$
AZwbmo_-{dbmo_ H«$_ go 6 Hy$Q> hmoVo h¢Ÿ& Vma Ì`-àUd (›), _m`m (õt), lt
- `o 3 ~rO h¢Ÿ& `h {Ìnwam Ho$ ào_Ë_H$ ~b ~rO h¢Ÿ& BZHo$ AZwbmo_-{dbmo_ go 7
~rO hmoVo h¢, {OZH$m `WoîQ> g§»`m _| Omn H$aZo go gwI H$m AZw^d hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
CgHo$ ~mX àmgmX _ÝÌ (õm¢) VWm nam _ÝÌ (h) AË`ÝV JmonZr` h¡Ÿ& Cgo
gH$ma go Omo‹S>H$a gmYZm H$aZo go ^moJ VWm _moj- XmoZm| {_bVm h¡Ÿ& (`h Jwé
Ûmam hr ñnîQ> hmoJm)
AmVm_«m@H©$ ghò XrpßV na_m gm¡ÝX`© gma¡ab§
bmoH$mVrV _hmoX`¡-én`wVm gdm}n_m JmoMa¡:Ÿ&
ZmZm@Z¿`© {d^yfU¡-aJ{UV¡-Om©Ádë`-_mZm{^V:
lr_mV-pñÌnwam[a gwÝX[a Hw$é ñdmÝVo {Zdmg§ __Ÿ&&30Ÿ&&
hOmam| ~mb gy`m] Ho$ g_mZ H$mpÝV dmbr gwÝXaVm Ho$ gma^yV bmoH$moÎma CËH$f©
dmbr, JUZm go a{hV, AZwn_, AZoH$ àH$ma Ho$ ^yfUm| go gpÁOV XrpßV_Vr,
{Ìnwam[a H$mo _w½Y H$aZo dmbr _hm {Ìnwa gwÝXar-Vw_ AnZr AmamYZm H$aZo dmbo
Bg Xwdm©gm F${f H$o öX` _| {Zdmg H$amoŸ&
{eÄOÝZynwa nmX H$‘>U _hm_wÐm gwbmjm agm-
b‘>mam{‘>V-_{L²>K« n‘>O `wJ§ lr nmXwH$m-bL²>H¥$V_²Ÿ&

-21-
CX²^mñdÝZI MÝÐ-IÊS> é{Ma§ amOÁOnm gpÝZ^§
~«÷m{X {ÌXem gwam{M©V-_h§ _ypÜZ© ñ_amå`på~Ho$Ÿ&&31Ÿ&&
ho _mVm {Ìnwa gwÝX[a ! Vwåhmao MaUm| _| _Ywa Üd{Z H$aVo hþ`o Zynwa VWm nmX
H$Q>H$ emo{^V hmo aho h¢Ÿ& do _hm_wÐm VWm AmbVm go ^y{fV h¢Ÿ& {MÝVm_{U H$s
nmXwH$mAm| go AbL²>H¥$V VWm MÝÐ_m g_mZ àH$m{eV ZIm| go àH$m{eV h¢Ÿ& Z`o
{Ibo hþ`o Onm Hw$gw_m| Ho$ g_mZ aº$dU© nmX ~«÷m Am{X XodVmAm| VWm Agwam| go
ny{OV h¢Ÿ& BZ nmXm| H$mo _¢ (Xwdm©gm _w{Z) gXm AnZo {ga na YmaU H$aVm hÿ±Ÿ(Ü`mZ
H$aVm hÿ±)&
Amaº$ÀN>{d Zm{V _mX©d`wOm {Zídmg hm`}U gV²-
H$m¡eo`oZ {d{MÌ aËZ I{MV¡-_w©º$m\$b¡-éÁÁdb¡:Ÿ&
Hy$OËH$mÄMZ {H${‘>$Ur{^a{_V: gÝZÕ H$mÄMr JwU¡-
amXrßV§ gw{ZVå~ {~å~-_éU§ Vo nyO`må`på~Ho$Ÿ&&32Ÿ&&
ho _mVm {Ìnwa gwÝX[a ! _¢ Vwåhmao aº$dU© {ZVå~ H$m Ü`mZ H$aVm hÿ±,Omo aº$ dgZ
go T>§H$m h¡ VWm AË`ÝV H$mo_b hmoZo Ho$ H$maU ídmg dm`w go ^r {hbZo bJVm h¡Ÿ&
Cg na aº$ dU© aoe_r dñÌ _| a§JrZ _{U`m§ O‹S>r hþ`r h¢, VWm JO-_wº$m Am¡a
jwÐ ñdU©-KpÊQ>H$mAm| H$s _mbm go emo{^V h¢Ÿ&
H$ñVyar KZgma Hw$‘x>_ aOmo JÝYmoËH$Q>¡-íMÝXZ¡-
am{bßV§ _{U _mb`m{V é{Ma§ J«¡do` hmam{X{^:Ÿ&
XrßV§ {Xì` {d^yfU¡-aJ{UV¡-Á`m}{V-{d©^mñdV² Hw$M-
ì`mO ñdU© KQ>-Û`§ h[aha ~«÷{X nrV§ ^OoŸ&&33&&
ho OZ{Z ! H$ñVyar, H$ny©a, AJé Am¡a Hw$‘x>_ go {_{lV MÝXZ Ho$ àbon go `wº$,
hrao, d¡Xy`©, Am{X _{U`m| H$s _mbm go àH$m{eV, H$ÊR> Ho$ {Xì` ({dídH$_m© Ûmam
a{MV) {d^yfUm| go àH$m{eV Vwåhmao ñdU©-KQ> Ho$ g_mZ Xmo Hw$Mm| H$m _¢ (Xwdm©gm
_w{Z) Ü`mZ H$aVm hÿ±, {OZHo$ Xw½Ym_¥V H$m nmZ ~«÷m, {dîUw, éÐ Am{X Xodm| Zo
{H$`m h¡Ÿ&
_wº$m aËZ {d{MÌ H$mpÝV b{bV¡ñVo ~mhþ dëbrah§
Ho$`yam“X ~mhþ XÊS> db`¡-h©ñVm“xbr ^yfU¡:Ÿ&
-22-
gån¥º$m: H$b`m{_ hra _{U_Z² _wº$mdbr H$s{bV
J«rdm nÅ> {d^yfUoZ gw^J§ H$ÊR>§ M H$å~w{l`_²Ÿ&&34Ÿ&&
ho _mVm {Ìnwa gwÝX[a ! _¢ Vwåhmam godH$ Xwdm©gm _w{Z _moVr (JO_wº$m), hrao
Am{X aËZm| H$s {d{MÌ H$mpÝV go _Zmoha Ho$`ya Am¡a A“X (~mOy~ÝX) VWm hñV
H$Q>H$, H$‘>Um|, hmW H$s A§Jw{b`m| Ho$ ^yfU (A§JyR>r) go g§`wº$ Vwåhmar ^wOmAm|
VWm hrao _moVr go O‹S>o Vwåhmao H$ÊR> Ho$ _w»` Am^yfU go emo{^V e§I H$s emo^m
dmbo Vwåhmao H$ÊR> H$m _Z _| Ü`mZ H$aVm hÿ±Ÿ&
CÚËnyU© H$bm{Z{Y {ldXZ§ ^º$ àgÝZ§ gXm
gå\w$ëbmå~wO nÌ H$mpÝV gwf_m {YŠH$ma XjojU_²Ÿ&
gmZÝX§ H¥$V _ÝX hmg_gH¥$V² àmXw^©dV² H$m¡VwH§$
Hw$ÝXmH$ma gwXÝV n§{º$ e[e^m nyU© ñ_amå`på~Ho$Ÿ&&35Ÿ&&
ho Apå~Ho$ ! _¢ (Xwdm©gm _w{Z) Vwåhmao nyU© MÝÐ g_mZ emo{^V _wI H$m Ü`mZ
H$aVm hÿ±, Ohm§ {Ibo hþ`o H$_b Xbm| H$s emo^m H$mo {VañH¥$V H$aZo dmbo ZoÌ h¢
VWm gmZÝX _ÝX hmg H$aZo dmbr Hw$ÝX-H${b`m| Ho$ g_mZ XÝV-n§{º$ h¡Ÿ&
VßV ñdU© H¥$Vmoé Hw$ÊS>b `wJ§ _m[UŠ` _wº$moëbgX²
Yram~Õ-_ZÝ` Vwë`_na§ h¡_ÄM MH«$-Û`_²Ÿ&
ewH«$m@@H$ma {ZH$ma Xj__b§ _wº$m\$b§ gwÝXa_²
{~^«V² H$U©`wJ§ ^Om{_ b{bV§ ZmgmJ« ^mJ§ {edoŸ&&36Ÿ&&
ho {edo ! ewH«$ J«h H$s H$mpÝV H$m {VañH$ma H$aZo dmbo {Z_©b _mo{V`m| go `wº$
Vwåhmao ZmgmJ« H$mo, AmJ _| Vnm`o gmoZo go {Z{_©V H$mZ Ho$ ~‹S>o Hw$ÊS>bm|, VWm _{U
_mo{V`m|, hram| go O‹S>o AZwn_ H$mZm| Ho$ D$nar ^yfUm| H$m Ü`mZ H$aVm hÿ±Ÿ&
OmVr MånH$ Hw$ÝX Ho$ga aOmo JÝYmopËH$aV² Ho$VH$s
ZrnmemoH$ {earf _w»` Hw$gw_¡: àmoÎm§{gVm Yy{nVmŸ&
AmZrbmÄOZ Vwë` _Îm _Ywn loUrd doUr Vd
lr _mV: l`Vm§ _Xr` öX`må^moO§ gamoOmb`oŸ&&37Ÿ&&
ho _hmnÙ^dZ (gamoOmb`) _| {Zdmg H$aZo dmbr {Ìnwa gwÝXar _mVm ! OmVr
MånH$, Hw$ÝX, ~Hw$b nwînm| Ho$ {~Iao namJ JÝY `wº$, Ho$d‹S>m, H$Xå~, AemoH$,
-23-
{earf Ho$ \y$bm| go Jw§Wr hþ`r, VWm H$mbmJwé H$s Yyn go Yy{nV nwînm| Ho$ ag H$mo
nrH$a CÝ_Îm H$ÁOb Ho$ g_mZ í`m_ dU© Ho$ ^«_am| H$s n§{º$ Ho$ g_mZ í`m_ dU©
H$s Vwåhmar doUr gXm _oao öX` H$_b _| ~gr ahoŸ&
boImbä` {d{MÌ aËZ I{MV§ h¡_§ {H$arQ>moÎm__²
_wº$m H$mÄMZ {H${‘>Ur JU _hm hra à~moYmoÁÁb_²Ÿ&
MÄMÀMÝÐ H$bm H$bmn b{bV§ XodÐþ nwînm{M©V_²
_më`¡aå~ {dbpå~V§ gw{eIa§ {d^«pÀN>añVo ^OoŸ&&38Ÿ&&
ho Aå~ ! ZmZm àH$ma H$s {d{MÌ _{U`m| H$s n§{º$ go O‹S>r, JO_wº$m, gwdU©
{Z{_©V {H${‘>{U`m| go O[‹S>V, ~‹S>o ~‹S>o hram| go CÁÁdb, MÝÐ_m H$s H$bmAm| go
b{bV _Zmoha H$ënd¥j Ho$ Hw$gw_m| go emo{^V, bQ>H$s hþ`r AZoH$ nwîn _mbmAm| go
`wº$ Vwåhmao {ga H$m Ü`mZ H$aVm hÿ±, {OZHo$ {eIa na ñdU© _wHw$Q> M_H$ ahm h¡Ÿ&
ûm¥“mam{X agmb`§ {Ì^wdZ¡-_m©ë`¡aVwë`¡-`w©V§
gdm©“rU gX“ amJ gwa{^ lr_Ûnw-Yy©{nV_²Ÿ&
Vmå~ybméU nëbdmYa `wV§ aå`§ {ÌnwÊS´>§ XYX²
^mb§ ZÝXZ MÝXZoZ OZ{Z Ü`m`m{_ Vo _“b_²Ÿ&&39Ÿ&&
ho _mVm ! _¢ (Xwdm©gm _w{Z) Vwåhmao ûm¥“ma Am{X Zd agm| Ho$ {Zdmg Am¡a VrZm|
bmoH$m| _| AZwn_ nwînm| go `wº$ eara Ho$ g~ Ad`dm| _| {d{bßV A“amJ go
gwJpÝYV, Yy{nV Yyn go dm{gV, Vmå~yb (nmZ) M~mZo go Hw$N> bmb a§J Ho$ AYa
`wº$ eara Ho$ VWm BÝÐ Ho$ ZÝXZ CndZ _| CËnÝZ MÝXZ Ho$ {ÌnwÊS´> go emo{^V
_“b_` {demb ^mb H$m Ü`mZ H$aVm hÿ±Ÿ&
Ed§ `: ñ_a{V à~wÕ gw_{V: lr_V² ñdê$n§ na§
d¥Õmo @ß`mew `wdm ^dË`Zwn_: ñÌrUm-_Z“m`VoŸ&
gmo@îQ>¡íd`© {VañH¥$Vm{Ib gwa: lr O¥på^VmË_mb`:
n¥Ïdrnmb {H$arQ> H$mo{Q> db{^: nwînm{M©Vm{L²>K«-^©doV²Ÿ&&40Ÿ&&
ho ^JdVr _hm {Ìnwa gwÝX[a ! Vwåhmar gVV CnmgZm Û>mam {Og gmYH$ _|
gw_{V CËnÝZ hmo J`r h¡ Am¡a Omo Vwåhmao A“-àË`“ g{hV Vwåhmao ñdê$n H$m
Ü`mZ H$aVm h¡, dh d¥Õ hoZo na ^r `wdm O¡gm XrIVm h¡, VWm pñÌ`m§ Cgo H$m_Xod
-24-
Ho$ g_mZ XoIVt h¢Ÿ& CgH$m Ka Vwåhmar CnmgZm Ûmam AmR> àH$ma Ho$ Eoíd`© go ^a
OmVm h¡ VWm XodVm ^r `h XoI H$a bpÁOV hmoVo h¢Ÿ& CnmgH$ Ho$ MaUm| na AZoH$
_hmamOo ñdU© _wHw$Q> emo{^V AnZo _ñVH$ aIVo h¢Ÿ&
AW Vd YZw: nwÊS´>ojw H¥$V² à{gÕ_{V Úw{V
{Ì^wdZ dYy-_wÚÁÁ`moËñZm H$bm{Z{Y _ÊS>b_²Ÿ&
gH$b OZ{Z ñ_ma§ ñ_ma§ JV: ñ_aVm§ Za-
pñÌ^wdZ dYy _mohmå^moYo: ànyU© {dYw^©doV²Ÿ&&41Ÿ&&
ho gH$b OZ{Z ! gd© OJV² H$s _mVm ! Vwåhmam AË`ÝV emo^m gånÝZ nwÊS´>oj
(B©I H$m) YZwf (ZrMo ~m`| hmW _|) {ÌbmoH$s H$s dYwAm| Ho$ {b`o nyU© MÝÐ-
_ÊS>b Ho$ g_mZ àH$me_mZ h¡Ÿ& Vwåhmam gmYH$ ~ma ~ma Bg YZwf H$m ñ_aU H$a
ñ_aËd (H$m_Xod H$m ê$n) nmH$a {ÌbmoH$s H$s dYwAm| H$m _moh ~‹T>mZo dmbm ny{U©_m
H$m MmÝX ~Z OmVm h¡Ÿ&
àgyZ ea nÄMH$ àH$Q> O¥å^Um Jwpå\$V§
{ÌbmoH$-_dbmoH$`-Ë`_b MoVgm {MÝV`Z²Ÿ&
Aeof a_Ur OZ ñ_a {dO¥å^Uo `: gXm
nQw>^©d{V Vo {edo {ÌOJX“Zm jmo^UoŸ&&42Ÿ&&
ho {edo ! ho H$ë`mUê$no ! Vwåhmam Omo gmYH$ 5 àH$ma Ho$ nwînm| (H$_b, H¡$ad,
H$ëhma, ZrbH$_b, Am_« _ÄOar) Ho$ 5 ~mUm| Ho$ {dH$mg go Jwpå\$V {ÌbmoH$s H$mo
ewÕ AÝV:H$aU go {dMma nyd©H$ XoIVm h¡, dh g^r pñÌ`m| Ho$ _Z _| H$m_ e{º$
n¡Xm H$a gH$Vm h¡ VWm {ÌbmoH$ H$s pñÌ`m| H$m jmo^U H$a de _| H$aZo _| g_W©
hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
nme§ àny[aV _hm gw_{V àH$memo
`mo dm Vd {Ìnwa gwÝX[a gwÝXarUm_²Ÿ&
AmH$f©Uo@{Ib derH$aUo àdrU§
{MÎmo XYm{V g OJËÌ` dí`H¥$V² ñ`mV²Ÿ&&43Ÿ&&
ho {Ìnwa gwÝX[a ! pñÌ`m| Ho$ AmH$f©H$ VWm g^r H$mo de _| H$aZo dmbo nme Am`wY
H$m Omo gmYH$ Ü`mZ H$aVm h¡, dh nyU© kmZ go àH$m{eV hmoH$a VrZm| bmoH$m| H$mo
-25-
de _| H$a boVm h¡Ÿ& (dgÝV {VbH$m N>ÝX)
`: ñdmÝVo H$b`{V H$mo{dX {ÌbmoH$
ñVå^ aå^U MU_Ë`wXma dr`©_²Ÿ&
_mVñVo {dO` _hm‘x>e§ g`moYmZ²
XodmZ² ñVå^`{V M ^y^wOmo@Ý` g¡Ý`_²Ÿ&&44Ÿ&&
ho _mVm {ÌnwagwÝX[a ! Omo {dÛmZ² gmYH$ VrZm| bmoH$m| Ho$ {Zdm{g`m| H$mo ñVå^Z
H$aZo _| Xj Vwåhmao {dO`àX A‘x>e H$m Ü`mZ H$aVm h¡, dh nËZr g{hV XodVmAm|,
amOmAm| VWm eÌw goZm H$m ^r ñVå^Z H$a XoVm h¡Ÿ&
Mmn Ü`mZ demX² ^dmoX²^d _hm_mohñ` ì`wÁO¥å^U_²
à»`mV§ àgdofw {MÝVZ demÎmÎmÀM eŠ`§ gwYr:Ÿ&
nme Ü`mZ demËg_ñV OJVm§ _¥Ë`mod©eËd§ _hm
XwJ©-ñVå^ _hm‘x>eñ` _ZZmÝ_m`m __o`m§ VaoV²Ÿ&&45Ÿ&&
ho OZ{Z ! {dÛmZ² gmYH$ Vwåhmao Mmn Ho$ gÝVV Ü`mZ H$aZo go g§gma _| ahZo go
CËnÝZ _hm_moh H$m àgma Zht hmoZo XoVm, `h à{gÕ h¡Ÿ& Vwåhmao 5 JwUm| Ho$ ~mU
H$s ^mdZm H$aZo go {Og nXmW© H$s {MÝVm H$aVm h¡, Cgo hr AnZm bú` ~Zm
boVm h¡Ÿ& Vwåhmao nme H$m gXm Ü`mZ H$aZo go gånyU© OJV² _| _¥Ë`w Ho$ H$maU H$mb
H$mo ^r AnZo de _| H$a boVm h¡Ÿ& _hm XwJm] H$mo ñVå^Z H$aZo dmbo Vwåhmao _hm
A‘x>e H$m Ü`mZ H$aZo go A_o` (H$ënZm go nao) _m`m H$mo ^r nma H$a boVm h¡Ÿ&
{Q>ßnUr-b{bVm ghòZm_ _| 4 Am`wYm| Ho$ Zm_ h¢-
amJ-ñdê$n nmem»` H«$moYmH$mam-‘x>emoÁOdbmŸ&
_Zmoê$nojw H$moXÊS>m nÄM-VÝ_mÌ gm`H$mŸ&&
^mdZmon{ZfX² _| BZH$m àVrH$ AW© {bIm h¡-
eãXm{X VÝ_mÌm: nÄMnwîn ~mUm:Ÿ&&21 _Z Bjw YZw:Ÿ&&22&&
amJ: nme:Ÿ&&23Ÿ&& Ûofmo@‘x>e:Ÿ&&24Ÿ&&
Ý`mg§ H¥$Ëdm JUoe J«h ^JU _hm `mo{JZr am{e nrR>¡:
nÄMmeZ² _mV¥H$mU£: g{hV ~hþH$b¡-aîQ> dmJ² XodVm{^:Ÿ&
g lrH$ÊR>m{X `w½_¡-{Z©O {d_b VZm¡ Ho$edmÚ¡íM VÎd¡:
-26-
 fQ²> qÌe{X²^-Y©amÚ¡-^©Jd{V ^dVr `: ñ_aoËg Ëd_odŸ&&46Ÿ&&
ho ^Jd{V _hm {Ìnwa gwÝX[a ! Omo gmYH$ 51 àH$ma Ho$ {d¿Zoe {d¿ZamO Am{X
JUoem| (nwpîQ> Am{X g{hV JUoem|), ZdJ«hm|, ZjU-JU, (ApídZr Am{X 27),
Xbm| _| A“ XodVmAm| g{hV VWm H${U©H$mAm| _| S>m{H$Zr Am{X àYmZ XodVmAm|,
_hm `mo{J{Z`m| (fQ>²MH«$m| Ho$ àYmZ XodVmAm|), am{e`m| (_ofm{X 12), _mV¥H$m-
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_mV¥H$m Ý`mg, VmamoËW H$bm _mV¥H$m Ý`mg, {dÝXw, {dgJ©, {dÝXw-{dgJ© `wº$
_mV¥H$m Ý`mg H$aZo go, d{eZr, H$m_oídar Am{X dmJ²XodVmîQ>H$ Ý`mg, lrH$ÊR>m{X
`w½_ (lrH$ÊR> Am¡a nyUm}Xar) VWm Ho$edm{X `w½_ (Ho$ed-H$s{Îm©) Ho$ Ý`mg go,
n¥{Wì`m{X 36 VÎdm| go `wº$ AmË_-VÎd, {dÚm-VÎd, {ed-VÎd, gd©-VÎd Ho$
Ý`mg go, {Z_©b {Zînmn Xmof a{hV ewÕ AnZo eara _| Vwåhmar ^mdZm H$aVm h¡,
dh Vwåhmam hr ñdê$n ~Z OmVm h¡Ÿ&
gwan{V nwa-bú_r O¥å^UmVrV bú_r:
àga{V {ZO Joho `ñ` X¡d§ Ëd_m`}Ÿ&
{d{dY ~hþ H$bmZm§ nmÌ^yVñ` Vñ`
{Ì^wdZ {d{XVm gm O¥å^Vo ñ\y${Îm©aÀN>mŸ&&47Ÿ&&
ho Am`}, ^Jd{V _hm {Ìnwa gwÝX[a ! M_ËH$ma {XImZodmbr AZoH$ àH$ma H$s
~hþV gr H$bmAm| (64) Ho$ kmVm {Og {H$gr {dÛmZ² H$s Vw_ BîQ>Xodr ~Z OmVr
hmo, CgHo$ Ka _| BÝÐ H$s gån{Îm H$mo ^r bpÁOV H$aZodmbr {dbmgdVr bú_r
~‹T>Vr OmVr h¡Ÿ&
_mVñËd§ ^y^w©d: ñd_©ha{g gwVZw ñËdÝV[ajoÝXw gy`£-
amË_m ewH«$m_aoÝСa{n {ZJ_ _hm ~«÷{^: àmoV e{º$:Ÿ&
àmUmnmZm{X `wº¡$: H$b`{V gH$b§ _mZg§ Ü`mZ `moJ§
`ofm§ Vofm§ gn`m© ^d{V gwaH¥$Vm ~«÷Vm `mo{JZm§ MŸ&&48Ÿ&&
ho _mVm ! Vw_ ^y:, ^wd:, ñd: bmoH$ hmo, _hbm}H$ Vwåhmam gwÝXa eara h¡, AÝV[aj
_| MÝÐ gy`© Vwåhmar àH$me_mZ AmË_m h¢, BÝÐ Am{X XodVmAm| Ho$ {b`o ^r na_
~«÷ê$[nUr e{º$ hmo Omo CZH$s e{º$ H$m òmoV h¡Ÿ& àmU, AnmZ, Am{X àmUm| go
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`wº$ g^r H$m {Z_m©U H$aVr hmoŸ& _Z _|, Ü`mZ `moJ Ûmam Omo H$moB© ^r Vwåhmar
AmamYZm H$aVm h¡, dh ~«÷Ëd àmßV H$a boVm h¡Ÿ&
Šd _o ~w{Õ-dm©Mm na_ {dXwfmo _ÝX ga{U:
Šd _o _mV~«©÷ à_wI {~~wYñ`mßV dMgm_²Ÿ&
A^yÝ_o {dñ\y${Îm©: naVa _{håZñVd Zw{V:
à{gÕ§ jÝVì`§ ~hþbVa Mmnë`{_{V _oŸ&&49Ÿ&&
ho _mVm ! H$hm§ _oar ~w{Õ `m dmUr h¡,Ohm§ na_ {dÛmZ² ~«÷m {dîUw Am{X XodJU
^r Vwåhmar ñVw{V H$aZo _| AnZo H$mo _ÝX (Aj_) nmVo h¢Ÿ& _¢ Vmo ñd^mdV:
_ÝX~w{Õ hÿ±Ÿ& AV: Vwåhmar AJå` _{h_m Ho$ dU©Z _| _¢Zo A{V MnbVm H$m
àXe©Z {H$`m h¡, CgHo$ {b`o j_m `mMZm H$aVm hÿ±Ÿ&
àgrX naXodVo __ ö{X à^yV§ ^`§
{dXma` Xm[aÐVm§ Xb` Xo{h gd©kVm_²Ÿ&
{dYo{h H$éUm{ZYo MaU nÙ`w½_§ ñd`§
{dXm[aV Oam_¥{V {Ìnwa gwÝXar lr {edoŸ&&50Ÿ&&
ho naXodVo, H$éUm{ZYo, lr {edo _hm{Ìnwa gwÝX[a ! Vw_ àgÝZ hmoH$a _oao öX` _|
pñWV OÝ_-_aU (AmdmJ_Z) Ho$ ^` H$mo Xya H$amo, _oar {ZY©ZVm H$m {dZme
H$amo, _wPo gd©k ~Zm H$a Oam-_aU {dZmeH$ AnZo MaU-H$_bm| H$mo _oao öX`
_| ~gmZo H$s H¥$nm H$amo, {Oggo _¢ CZH$m gd©Xm Ü`mZ H$aVm ahÿ±Ÿ&
B{V {Ìnwa gwÝXar ñVw{V{__m§ nR>oÚ: gwYr:
g gd© Xw[aVmQ>dr nQ>b MÊS> XmdmZb:Ÿ&
^doÝ_Z{g dmpÄN>V§ àMwa {g{Õ F${Õ^©do-
XZoH$ {dY gånXm§ nX_ZÝ` Vwë`mo ^doV²Ÿ&&51Ÿ&&
Omo {dÛmZ² gmYH$ nydm}º$ {Ìnwa gwÝXar H$s Bg ñVw{V H$m à{V{XZ nmR> H$aVm h¡,
CgHo$ nmn Bg àH$ma ^ñ_r^yV hmo OmVo h¢, O¡go àMÊS> Xmdmp½Z dZ H$mo ^ñ_ H$a
XoVr h¡Ÿ& CgH$s A{^bmfm`| nyU© hmo OmVr h¢, VWm CgHo$ nmg g^r àH$ma H$s
F${Õ (g_¥{Õ) Am¡a g{ÛÚm Am OmVr h¡Ÿ& dh AVwë` gån{Îm H$m {Zdmg ~Z
OmVm h¡Ÿ&
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g§JrV§ gag§ {d{MÌ H${dVm-_måZm` dmŠ` ñ_¥qV
ì`m»`mZ§ ö{X VmdH$sZ MaU ÛÝÛ§ M gd©kVm_²Ÿ&
lÕm§ H$_©{U emå^do{V {dnwb§ lr O¥å^U§ _pÝXao
gm¡ÝX`ª dnw{f àXo{h OJVm-_å~oíd[a lr {edoŸ&&52Ÿ&&
ho OJÝ_mVm, na_oíd[a ! Vwåhmar H¥$nm go _oar g§JrV {dÚm gag hmo, _oar H${dËd
e{º$ {d{MÌVm go nyU© hmoŸ& _oao _Z _| gXm AmåZm` dMZm| H$s ñ_¥{V ~Zr aho,
{Oggo _¢ àË`oH$ {df` H$m ì`m»`mVm ~Zy±Ÿ& Vwåhmao MaU H$_bm| H$m Ü`mZ _oao
öX` _| gXm ahoŸ& _wPo {ÌH$mbkVm VWm gd©kVm àmßV hmoŸ& g^r emå^d (emº$)
H$_m] _| _oar AQy>Q> lÕm ahoŸ& _oao Ka _| àMwa bú_r Am¡ emo^m N>m`r ahoŸ& _oao g^r
A“ gwÝXa ah|Ÿ&
n¥Ïdrnmb àH$Q> _wHw$Q> òJ«Omo apÄOVm{L²>K«
{dÛV² nyOm ñVw{V eV g_mam{YVmo ~m{YVm[a:Ÿ&
{dÚm: gdm©: H$b`{V öXm ì`mH$amo{V àdmMm
bmoH$míM`£-Z©d Zd nX¡-[aÝXw {~å~ àH$me¡:Ÿ&&53Ÿ&&
ho _mVm {Ìnwa gwÝX[a ! amOmAm| Ho$ ñdU©-_wHw$Q>m| na bQ>Ho$ hþ`o \y$bm| Ho$ namJ go
apÄOV MaU dmbo {dÛmZ² ^r Vwåhmao ^º$ gmYH$ H$s ñVw{V H$aVo h¢, VWm CZHo$
eÌw ñd`§ emÝV hmo OmVo h¢Ÿ& Vwåhmao Bg _{håZ ñVmoÌ H$m nmR> H$aZo go CnmgH$
Ho$ öX` _| g~ àH$ma H$s {dÚm`| ñd`§ {Zdmg H$aZo bJVr h¢Ÿ& Bggo dh MÝÐ_m
Ho$ g_mZ Am‡mXH$ VWm bmoH$míM`©H$mar dMZm| Ûmam CZ {dÚmAm| H$s ì`m»`m
H$aVm h¡Ÿ&
^yî`§ d¡Xwî`-_wÚ-{ÔZH$a {H$aUmH$ma-_mH$ma VoO:
gwkmZ§ ^y[a_mJª {ZJ_ {ZJ_Z§ XwJ©_§ `moJ-_mJ©_²Ÿ&
Am`wî`§ ~«÷-nmoî`§ ha {J[a {deXm§ H$s{Îm©-_ä`oË` ^y_m¡
XohmÝVo ~«÷nma§ naVa MaUmH$ma-_ä`o{V {dÛmZ²Ÿ&&54Ÿ&&
ho _mVm ! Vwåhmam {dÛmZ² gmYH$ {dÛÎmm go CX`H$mbrZ gy`© Ho$ g_mZ VoOñdr hmo
OmVm h¡, Aeof emñÌ kmZ VWm H${R>Z `moJ_mJ© H$mo àmßV H$a H$ën VH$ ~«÷ Ho$
g_mZ ({MaÄOrdr) ahVm h¡Ÿ& H¡$bmg Ho$ g_mZ ew^« H$s{Îm© nmH$a AÝV _| Vwåhmao
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MaU-ñdê$n na-~«÷ _| brZ hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ&
Xwdm©ggm {d{XV VÎd _wZrídaoU
{dÚm H$bm§ `wd{V _Ý_W _y{Îm© Z¡VV²Ÿ&
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doXmJ_moº$ nQ>b¡-{d©{XV¡H$ _y{Îm©:Ÿ&&55Ÿ&&
108 Cn{ZfXm| Ho$ VÎd kmVm VWm gånyU© {dÚm VWm 64 H$bmAm| H$m _ÝWZ
H$aZo dmbo `moJrída Xwdm©gm _w{Z Zo 4 doX Am¡a 64 VÎdm| VWm nQ>bm| Ûmam {Zê${nV
lr _hm {Ìnwa gwÝXar Ho$ àr{VH$a Bg {Ìnwam-_{håZ ñVmoÌ H$s aMZm H$s h¡Ÿ&
gXgXZwJ«h {ZJ«h J¥hrV _w{Z {dJ«hmo ^JdmZ²Ÿ&
gdm©gm_wn{ZfXm§ Xwdm©gm O`{V Xo{eH$: àW_:Ÿ&&56Ÿ&&
gËnwéfm| H$mo AnZm H$a CZHo$ D$na H¥$nm H$aZo Ho$ {b`o VWm XwO©Z _Zwî`m| Ho$
{ZJ«hmW© (XÊS> {dYmZ Ho$ {b`o) _mZd eara YmaU H$a `moJrída Mmamo doXm| Ho$
ahñ` à{VnmXH$ g^r Cn{ZfXm| Ho$ VÎdkmVm _hm_w{Z Xwdm©gm H$s O` hmoŸ&

-30-