UTILIZATION OF WASTE PLASTICS COATED AGGREGATE

FOR FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT AND

EASY DISPOSAL OF WASTE PLASTICS
Dr.R. Vasudevan
PLASTIC SCENARIO
Road side Plastics Waste
 PLASTICS – A GOOD FRIEND

Low density polyethylene(LDPE): bags, sacks, bin lining, and

squeezable detergent bottles etc

High density polyethylene(HDPE): bottles of pharmaceuticals, disinfectants,

milk, fruit juices, bottle caps etc

Polypropylene (PP): bottle cap and closures, film wrapping for

biscuits, microwave trays for ready-made
meals etc.

Polystyrene(PS): yoghurt pots, clear egg packs, bottle caps, lids

Foamed Polystyrene: food trays, egg boxes, disposable cups,

protective packaging etc

Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC): mineral water bottles, credit cards, toys, pipes

and gutters; electrical fittings, furniture, binders,
folders and pens; medical disposables; etc
 Polymer 1995 2001-02 2006-07

Polyethylene (PE) – Carry bags 823 1835 3267

Polypropylene(PP) – Bags 340 885 1790

Polyvinyl chloride(PVC) – Tubes 489 867 1287

Polyethylene terephthalate - 34 140 289

Bottles
Others 203 647 1415

Total (Thousand tones) 1889 4374 8054

Plastics in packaging 976 2272 4037

% of plastics in packaging 52% 52% 50%

CPCB report: 4000 t/a (1990) to 40 lac.t/a (2001).
80000 tons/D waste(2006)
 PRESENT SCENARIO

World Rank (INDIA) - III ( 4.0 kg :20 kg)

Tamil Nadu - 2.4 lac. Tons IN 2003. 4.5 IN 2006
( 7000 industries with 7 lac. workers )

Major plastics in use – Polyethylene

(Cups,bottle,bags. Etc) - Polypropylene 80%
- Polystyrene

Tubes - Poly vinyl chloride - 10%

PET - 8 % Recycling - 55%
Problems – non- biodegradable
accumulation of waste with MSW BAN
disposal technique and Plastics are
people garbage culture indispensable
 T
O
X
I
PVC – Pipes
C
I
Others T
Y
PET – Bottle
I
N
PE, PP & PS - films C
R
E
Bio-based Polymers A
S
E

Flex Board: PVC

 THERMAL BEHAVIOUR

Type of Soften. Products Decom. Products Ignition Product

Polymer point reported temp. reported temp. s
range range in
in Deg. Deg. C reported
C

PE 110- No gas 270-350 CH4, C2H6 >700 CO,CO2

PP 140
PS

PVC – not considered

Chemical reaction (700 deg)

PE, PP, PS C, CO, CO2 but no Cl2

Use of PE, PP and PS can not liberate dioxin even on

burning .

PVC C, CO, CO2 and Cl2 and HCl

C + O2 + Cl2 Cu II Catalyst Dioxin

300 –350 deg.C

PVC alone on heating may result in dioxin formation

(300-350 deg. C) (reverse cooling)
 DIOXIN

l Source
- Chlorine related pesticides
– Chlorinated solvents
– Bleaching
– Chlorination of water
– Leaded petrol
– PVC

PE - (-CH2- CH2-)n PP - (-CH2- CH(CH3)-)n

PS - (-CH2- CH(C6H5)-)n PVC - (-CH2- CH(Cl)-)n

 A small step towards…

• Better Road

Specialties • Use of Waste Plastics

• Saving of Bitumen
• Cost Less
• Solid Waste into Manure
• Job for Self Help Group

Plastic Tar Road -A New Path way

 Process Outline
WASTE PLASTICS COATED AGGREGATE- BITUMEN MIX
170 °C
AGGREGATES HOT AGGREGATES
Waste
plastics

POLY.COATED
AGGREGATES

HOT
BITUMEN
160 °C

POLYMER COATED
AGGREGATE BITUMEN MIXTURE ROAD LAYING (120°.C)
Plastics waste – Cleaning process
 Shredding
Required size
waste
Mini Hot Mix Plant

Aggregate heated To 170°c

Aggregate Transferred to
puddling chamber
Waste Plastics mixed With the hot
aggregate
Coated Aggregate Plain Aggregate
Bitumen added
Aggregate-plastics-bitumen mix
Polymer-Tar Road

COST

SAVE

BITUMEN ENVIRONMENT
CENTRAL MIXING
PLANT
 PLASTICS – TAR ROAD

1. Better binding property

2. Higher Softening point; withstands high temp.
3. Lower penetration value; withstands higher load
4. No stripping – Resists the permeation of water
5. Higher Marshal Stability–increased strength of road
6. Operation temperature range: 160-170 deg.C
7. Cost less compared to CRMB.
Waste Plastics ( MSW, road side etc.)
8. Better disposal of waste plastics
9. No toxic gas evaluation - No to Dioxin
10. Waste plastics Disposal - No longer a problem
 1 LAKH CARRY BAGS DISSAPPEARS IN 10M2 AREA

10m

1m

SPEED BREAKER
Needs 20 blocks 3.75m

PLASTIC TAR
ROAD

PATH WAY
BLOCKS
Road Area: Bitumen- 100kg, Plastics – 10kg
Block: Plastic-88kg
Speed Breaker: Plastics- 6.25kg
 Plastic Tar Road Cheap and Good

Products Area Bitumen Plastics Bitumen Cost

needed needed saved reduced

Road 1kmX 3.75 9 tonnes 1 tonnes 1 tonnes Rs,15,000

m
Block 1kmX 3.75 NIL 40 tons NIL 20%

Roofing 1m X 1m NIL 250gms 100% To

Sheets evaluated
Laid – March 2005 March 2006
NOVEMBER 2006
Velacherry Main Road at Madurai
Date: 18-02-2007
Trisool Road
Laid at April 2004
Photo Date Jan
2007
Kovilpatti Lenin Street
Laid at 4th october 2002
Photo date Jan 2007
Jambulingam Street Road
at Chennai
Laid Date:22-11-2002
Photo date : Jan 2007
SCIENTIFIC IMPORTANCE OF
PLASTIC TAR ROAD
 Waste Plastics – a Binder

Aggregate Waste plastics

140° C

C.S – 300tons
Block
F.S – 2000 kg cm.
(moment)
PORTABLE Speed
Breaker Model
 Binding Property
Percentage of Compression Strength Bending
plastics coating ( Tonnes) Strength (Kg)
over aggregate

10 250 325

20 270 335

25 290 350

30 320 390
 Coating Over Stone Improves Quality
Void Characteristics
Percentage Moisture Soundness Voids
Stone of Plastic Absorption
Aggregate

Without 0 4% ~5 4%
plastic
coating

With 1% 2% Nil 2.2%

plastic
coating 2% 1.1% Nil 1%

3% traces Nil Nil

 Bitumen Coating over PCA
RESISTANCE TO STRIPPING

• Aggregate Coated with plain Bitumen

Shows 5% stripping after 24 hours

• Aggregates coated with Plastics Waste

followed by bitumen Shows Nil Stripping
even after 72 hours

No Pot Hole Formation

 Removal of Bitumen Difficult
Improved binding
Extraction of Bitumen from bitumen/PCA
5 10 15
Aggregate Plastic Bitumen % of Minutes Minutes Minutes
(gm) s (gm) Plastics
Bitumen Bitumen Bitumen
PE added
Remove Remove Remove
(gm) (gm)
d d d
(%) (%) (%)
50.01 - 2.5 - 96.0 98.0 99.0

50.13 0.61 2.5 2.42 63.5 88.7 92.3

50.33 0.80 2.6 31.4 63.2 86.7 90.7

49.82 1.01 2.55 39.7 61.3 76.7 83.6

 Plastic Roads – Increase Strength
Modified mix Properties
% of Bitumen Marshall Flow value
(10% WP Value Kg (mm)
(2-4)
4.2 1960 2.2
4.5 2520 2.5
4.6 2540 2.7
5.0 2520 3.7
5.4 2500 4.5
Standard Marshall Value = 1100kg
 MIX MODIFIER

% of Bitumen % of Polymer Marshall Value Kg

With respect to bitumen

4.6 0 1150

4.6 5 2010

4.6 10 2540

4.6 15 2440

4.6 20 2300

5.0 15 2670

5.0 20 2040

5.5 20 1830
 MSV for Polymer coated aggregate - bitumen mix

% of Plastics % of Bitumen Marshall Flow value M/Q

Waste added in the Stability (mm) (kg/mm)
added in the mix Value
mix (Kg)
0.10 5 1250 4.10 304

0.25 5 1910 4.70 406

0.50 5 2450 4.75 515

 1 2 3 4 5

1. Aggregate
2. Plastics bonded with aggregate (polymer coating)
3. Bitumen–plastics blend (due to diffusion between molten plastics &
hot bitumen)
4. Loosely bonded bitumen with dispersed plastics
5. Plain bitumen
RECOGNITION
 Vision
Become
(path)Way
of Life

Vision
Appreciation
 Recent Successes
Special Note: Roads are being laid using waste plastics throughout Tamilnadu
under the Scheme titled, ‘1000 km Plastic Tar Road’ as announced by
Honourable Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu on 16th August 2003 at Namakkal, by
the Department of Rural Development Agency.

• 1000 km DRDA road laid by Tamil Nadu

• Banners removed from Buses
• Approval from CPCB
• Plastics company Red to Green
• The performance of the laid road
• Public responses
• Foreign Govt’s interact
• Road at Mumbai
• Interaction at Ranchi
Mumbai
How safe the road

Block places Plastic – Tar Road Laid

Plastic materials ( PE, PP & PS ) used

No Leaching
Stay on the Road
No soil pollution
Heating to approx.160 deg.
Less water diffusion
Rising temperature during
Traffic no effect
No dioxin formation
Better UV stabilization
No thermal decomposition

Acts as safe area for land filling.

Avoids incineration.
 Promotional efforts
1000 kms of road – as ordered by
Honourable Chief Minister of Tamil
Nadu.
Training programme for Engineers,
Self Help Groups.

A Model Road at Pondicherry -

Honourable Chief Minister of
Pondicherry.

Chennai Corporation has laid 12 roads.

Model plastics tar roads at 20

Majors Cities in TN.

Plastics – Tar Road at Thiagarajar

Pamphlet released by TN College of Engineering,
Govt.
CPCB Delhi has signed MoU with
Thiagarajar College of Engineering,
Madurai on Plastics road.

policy note by TN Highways on laying

Plastics – Tar Road.
 NEED OF THE HOUR

- Awareness creation to Society

- Students involvements
- Mass media’s help
- Healthy Garbage culture
- Discipline in public houses.
- Government support
 GOVT INDUSTRY
Ø ‘Waste disposal’ Ø Growth
Ø Solution for pollution Ø Employment
Ø Hygiene
Plastic
The wonder materials
PUBLIC INSTITUTION
Ø Reuse of Polymers
Ø Safe
Ø Research
Ø Utility
Ø solution of social
Ø Cheap Ø problem
 Land Filling
Postponement
Of Solution

• Water flow seepage affected

• Land soil gets polluted
• Solid waste --- Not disposed properly.
• Non-availability of natural manure
• Space not available

•Soil microbe activity reduced

• Water line clogging – CH4 evolution green house effect
 Incineration

• Burning or ˜\ 700-1100º C Toxic gases like

• Incineration CO, CO2 & ash ( oxides)

• Air Pollution (dust, etc.,)

• Loss of solid waste
• Global warming
• Monsoon failure
• Cost is more
• Improper technology
• Dioxin ?
 Our Team
Protection
better road and
pollution
prevention Vishnu
REUSE

Brahma Siva
DR.R. VASUDEVAN Destruction of
Creation of Blend
A.RAMALINGA CHANDRA Polymer Material
SEKAR
B. SUNDARAKANNAN
 Newer Products Using Plastics
1. Path way Blocks
* High compressive Strength (150 tons)
* High Flexural strength (250kg)
* High volume of Plastics utilization
* Patent No: 0220/MAS/03
2. Roofing Sheets
* Better Strength
* Polymer Blend
* Newer technologies for preparation
* Less moisture absorption
3. Corrosion MS Rod

other products – Mastic flooring materials

We Welcome
Your interaction

With us.
 TCE where
Quality and Ethics
Matter