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WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL

Research Article

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CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF JATHARAGNI & PANCH BHUTAGNI WITH SPECIAL

REFERENCE TO GRAHANI VYADHI
1
*Dr. Jain Sapan B., 2Dr. Dwivedi. O.P. and 3Dr. Jain Jinesh Kumar
1
Professor. and HOD Kayachikitsa Jupiter Ayurved Medical College Nagpur.
2
Professor and HOD Sharir Rachana Govt.Ayurved College Rewa M.P.

3
Reader and HOD Panchkarma Govt.Ayurved College Rewa M.P.

*Corresponding Author: Dr. Jain Sapan B

Professor. and HOD Kayachikitsa Jupiter Ayurved Medical College Nagpur.

Article Received on 29/04/2017 Article Revised on 20/05/2017 Article Accepted on 09/06/2017

ABSTRACT

A careful and critical study of the original text and in various chapters of Ayurvedic Samhitas all most process of the digestion and metabolism of
food are depand upon Jatharagni and Butagni. The data shows that the knowledge of the physiology of digesetion was already reached a high
degree of development. According to the physiology of Ayurveda all consumed foods and drinks undergo metabolic transformation by the effect
of jatharaghi (digestive enzymes), bhutagi and dhatvagni, jatharagni is the Agni bio energy present in the Jathara (stomach & duodenum).
Initially Jatharagni gives stimulation to bhutagni because consumed food is pancha bhautika, it has to undergo transformation by the respective
panch bhutagnis then only it become easy to digestion by Jatharagni and tissue metabolism by dhatvagnis, Jatharagni which regulates other
agnis in the body. Any improper functioning of agni will lead to health related issues in difference systems of body. Grahani is a disease which is
closely associated with agni and ama. Hence understanding of agni is one of the important factor for the under standing the grahani vyadhi
process as well as to prescribe principles of treatment.

KEYWORDS: Jatharagni, Agni, panchbhutagni, dhatwagni, digestion, grahani vyadhi.

and behavior because longevity and
INTRODUCTION disorders if it is functioning strength depands on normal state of
properly, get ill if it is Agni. On the contrary one, who
According to the physiology of the Ayurveda jatharagni and Bhutagnis are deranged, hence Agni consumes unwholesome diet due to
the essential factors for the digestion and metabolism of five elemental (digestive fire) is the root greed, succumbs to disease caused
cause of all. That food by the vitiation of grahani,
(panchabutic) food stuff as mentioned by Acharya sushruta. The animated
nourishes dhatus, ojas Grahams dosha refers to diseases
organism is composed of ponchmahabuta and the food of a living organic
strength complexion located in grahani. This also
being is of constituent principales goes to allgument its own similar tissues
in the human organism. The food, which is panchabhutic digested by includes agni mandhya, ajirana etc.
Jatharagni and the digested portion is again dealt with, in further process of etc. depend on Agni because which are manifest due to vitiation
digestion by bhutaganin. Then each one of its primary principle proceeds to rasa etc. can’tced be p from of grahani.[4]
[3]
augment its homologue in the human body.[1] undigested. Jatharagni is
the chief among all MATERIAL AND METHODS
The concept of agni gives us basic knowledge for the understanding
theories of auyrvedic physiology that is types of Agnis all functions Concept of this study is based on a
are depand of bhutagni and review of Ayurvedic text. Materials
dhatvagni on this related to agni, grahani and other
Ahar, pachan, dhatu, utpati, vyadhi metabolic transformation etc. many
Aggravation or diminution relevant topics have been collected
philosophical theories has been given to describe agni according to sankhya
of Jatharagni result in and compiled from texts. The
darshana agni originated from rupa tanmatra but vaishehik describe agni
aggravation or diminution famous Ayurvedic texts used in this
as one of the karan dravya which is eternal and one of the material cause of
[2]
bhutangi and dhatvagni. study are charak samhita, susruta
entire world. According to charak Life span, complexion strength, health, There fore by the all means samhita astang hridaya, astang
enthusiasm, corpulence, luster immunity energy, heat process and vital one has to protect sangrah bhav Prakash and relevant
breath all these depend on body fire. If this fire is extinguished, lives long jatharagni by consuming articles.
free from suitable wholesome dietetics
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Sapan et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research
the end products of apya agreya, vayavya and
Jatharagni paka as of akashiya the criterian for such
Importance of Agni five bhautic groups is grouping
based on the criterion of
[8]
Acharya Charaka has mentioned that after stoppage of the samanya gunas. being the dominance of the
the function of Agni the individual dies, and when the particular bhuta over other of
agni of an individual is sama then that person would be the pancha mahabhuta. The
absolutely healthy and would lend a long, happy and classification of the end
healthy life. But if the Agni of a person is vitiated, the The Grahani has been
whole metabolism in his body would be disturbed, products of Jatharagni paka as
stated to be the seat of
resulting in ill health and diseases. Hence Agni is said to pachaka pitta, saman, of five bhautic groups is based
be the pedestal of life.[5] on the criterion of the samanya
vayu and Kledaka kapha
gunas or generic characteristics
any impairment in these
of more dominant of the five
Importance of Jatharagni functions leads to
species of bhutas essentially
Grahani roga.
qualitative and physico
The term pachak agni in the context of pachak pitta. Dosha’seither
chemical. The classification of
The sthan of pachak agni is between the amasay and individually or in
the end products of intestinal
pakwashaya. The origin which comes between combination getting
digestion as above is important
amashaya and pakwashaya is grahami i.e. pittadhara greatly aggravated for the study in bhutagni paka.
kala. According to Astang sangrah grahani is main (increased) vitiate the
Any deviation from the status of
place of jatharagni. The sixth is named as pittadhara grahani (duodenum) such samagni i.e. mandagni,
and is located in between the pakwashaya (intestine) disordered duodenum,
teekshnagni & vishmagni called
and amasaya (stomach). Being the abode of internal fire eliminates out the food, as grahani disha or grahani
(digestive activity) it withholds the force the movement either undigested or vyadhi. These concepts are
of food material passing from the amasaya in to the digested, associated with
important to ensure a proper
pakwashaya, digest the food by the heat of pitta, pain in the abdomen foul
under standing and appreciation
absorbs it and allows the digested food to move further, smell, some times as of the contributions made by
under the influence of decreased activity of the doses solid and some times as Ayurveda.
present there in, it allows even undigested food to move liquid. Ayurvedic scholars
further. Hence this is also known grahani in view of its describe these[9]diseases as REFERENCE
(function) with holding the food. Its strength is from grahani roga. Strength
[6]
pitta itself, known also as agni. Jatharagni is also of Grahani depand upon
Kaviraj Shastri Susruta Samhita
callisifed into four types, according to its performance strength of agni present Part I chaukhambha Sanskrit
of digestion in the human being namely Samagni, in Grahani. The
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[7]
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bhutagni-paka that the formation of ahar –rasa is of Agni. Samhita Vol. II Chaukhambha
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(sanghata bheda) or the spitting of the complex food jatharagni paka it
substances into their ultimate elemental units or completes the process of Agni and its Clinical
molecule. These elemental units are five groups (1) intestinal digestion. It is Importance. Byadgi P.S. etal/
parthiva (2) apya, (3) Tejasa (4) Vayavya (5) Akashiya only after the completion IJRAP, 2011; 2(6): 1637–1614.
the criterian for such a grouping being the dominance of of bhutagni paka that the
the particular Bhuta over others of the panch formation of aahar rasa
Byadi P. S. “An Insight in
mahabhuta as could be judge from its characteristic is completed and rasa
qualities and (b) the activation of the nascent agni – shoshana or the
bhuta which forms part of the panch bhautic structure absorption of rasa is Agni and its Clinical
of each one of the five groups of molecules. The nascent possible. The outcome of Importance. Byadgi P.S. etal/
agnibhuta, present in each one of the panch bhautic Jatharagni paka, the IJRAP, 2011; 2(6): 1637–1614.
groups is known after the generic name of the particular splitting of the complex
groups i.e. (1) the agni present in the parthiva group is food substance in to their Prof. K. R. Srikanth Murthy
known as parthivagni (3) the agni in the apya group as ultimate elemental units Astanga Samgrahaha of
apyagni (3) the agni in the tejasa group as tejo –agni (4) or molecules. These Vagbhata Chaukhambha
the agni of vyavya group as Vayavyagni (5) the agni of elemental units are of Orientalia Varanasi Vol. II
the akashiya group as nabhasagni. The classification of five group i.e. parthiva, Fourth Edition, 2003; 5(23): 64.
www.wjpmr.co 179
m
Sapan et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research

Edited by Dr. Jyotir Mitra Sustruta Samhita Vol. 1 Chowkhambha Sanskrit Series Office Varanasi First Edition, 35(23):
304: 305.

C. Dwarakanath Digestion and Metabolism, Krsihnadas Academy Varanasi Second edition, 1997; 78.

Prof. K. R. Srikantha Murthy Bhavaprakasa of Bhavamisra Krishnadas Academy Varanasi, Reprint, 2002; 2: 4(6): 147.
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