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Project Title: Power Station 5: Alba Line 6 Expansion, Power Distribution System
Volume: 1
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
Contents
5.11 Technical Specification – Earthing & Lightning
Protection 4
5.11.1 Scope of Supply 4
5.11.2 General 4
5.11.3 Specification Codes and Standards 5
5.11.4 Service Conditions 6
5.11.5 Network Parameters 6
5.11.6 Earthing System 6
5.11.6.1 Earthing System Works 6
5.11.6.2 Soil Resistivity Survey and Earthing Design 6
5.11.6.3 Fault Current and Duration 7
5.11.6.4 Earth Electrodes 7
5.11.6.5 Above Ground Earthing System 8
5.11.7 Electrical Equipment Connections to Earth 9
5.11.8 Earth Connections to Non-Electrical Equipment &
Structural Steelwork 10
5.11.9 Joints 11
5.11.10 Fixings 11
5.11.11 Bonding and Earthing of Cables 12
5.11.12 Equipotential Bonding 12
5.11.13 Earthing Instrument Cables 12
5.11.14 Lightning Protection 12
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
5.11.2 General
1. The Contractor shall supply a risk assessment of the proposed earthing and
lightning protection systems stating the hazards presented to persons involved
in the installation, commissioning, inspection, testing and maintenance of the
installations. The overall risk presented by the hazards shall be evaluated based
on the recommended inspection and maintenance intervals. Measures to ease
the severity of the risk or elimination of the hazard shall be considered in the risk
assessment. All necessary safety precautions to be observed by personnel
involved in the activities above shall be detailed in the risk assessment.
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
2. The final approval of the earthing and lightning protection designs by the
Employer is subject to completion of a satisfactory safety risk assessment by
the Employer. All design approvals must be regarded as provisional pending
the results of this risk assessment.
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
8. Special care is required for cables that cross the site boundary as they may
require insulating joints and surge suppression devices.
9. Earthing of equipment such as transformers, reactors, etc that are located within
the existing power plant (e.g TIB91x and TIB95B transformers) shall be to the
existing earthing networks at connection points to be agreed. Earth cables
installed with the HV cables to this equipment may have to be connected at
these existing locations, subject to detailed engineering
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
5.11.9 Joints
1. Permanent joints shall be made by exothermic welding below ground, or
crimping for above ground connections.
2. Detachable joints shall be bolted and stranded conductors at bolted joints shall
be terminated in exothermically welded lugs below ground or a crimped cable
socket above ground. The diameter of any holes drilled in strip conductors shall
not be greater than half the width of the strip.
3. Connections to electrical equipment shall be detachable and made at the
earthing studs or bolts provided on the equipment by the manufacturer. When
an earthing point is not provided, the point and method of connection shall be
agreed with the Employer.
4. Bolted connections shall use the NEMA “two-hole” or “four-hole” pattern.
5. Connections to metallic structures for earthing conductors and bonding
conductors between electrically separate parts of a structure shall be either by
direct exothermic welding or by bolting using a stud welded to the structure.
Drilling of a structural member for a directly bolted connection shall only be
carried out to the approval of the Employer.
6. Bolted joints in metallic structures, including pipework, and which do not provide
direct metallic contact, shall either be bridged by a bonding conductor or both
sides of the joint shall be separately bonded to earth, unless the joint is intended
to be an insulated joint for cathodic protection or other purposes.
7. Where the reinforcing in concrete is to be connected to the earthing system, the
fittings used to provide a connection point at the surface of the concrete shall be
exothermically welded to a reinforcing bar. This fitting shall be provided with a
bolted connection for an earthing conductor. The main bars in the reinforcing
shall be welded together at intervals to ensure electrical continuity throughout
the reinforcing.
8. No connections shall be made to reinforcing bars and other steelwork which do
not form part of the earthing system and are completely encased in concrete.
5.11.10 Fixings
1. Clips for supporting strip conductors not buried in the ground shall be of the
direct contact type and clips for circular conductors shall be of the cable saddle
type. The clips shall support the conductors clear of the structure.
2. Conductors shall be connected to earth rods by a bolted clamp to facilitate
removal of the conductor for testing the rod.
3. All conductor fittings shall be manufactured from high strength copper alloys
with phosphor bronze nuts, bolts, washers and screws. Binary brass copper
alloys will not be acceptable. All fittings shall be designed for the specific
application and shall not be permanently deformed when correctly installed.
4. Sheathed conductor support fittings may be of silicon aluminium, glass-filled
nylon or other tough non-hygroscopic material for indoor installations.
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
5. Fittings not in direct contact with bare or sheathed conductors may be of hot-dip
galvanised steel. Bimetallic connectors shall be used between conductors of
dissimilar materials and insulating material shall be interposed between metallic
fittings and structures of dissimilar materials to prevent corrosion.
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Technical Specification – 5.14 Earthing and Lightning Protection
Entry SPDs and coordinated SPDs must therefore form an integral part of the
installation proposal and must be in keeping with the determined LPL protection
level and risk assessed kA ratings.
3. All lightning protection components used should be pre-certified by one
manufacturer, to EN 50164-1:2008 and EN 50164-2:2008.
4. All Lightning conductors to be HC 25 mm X 3 mm flat conductor (75 sq. mm)
and conductive oxide inhibiting compound must be used on all connections.
5. All buildings and high structures shall be fitted with lightning air terminals in
accordance with the relevant standard.
6. All lightning protection systems shall be strongly interlinked with the earthing
system at a minimum of two points.
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