English final exams

Name : Ogy Yani Adrian

Class : PSIK Reg B

Nim : 4201.0113.A.042

Question

1. Summarize in two paragraphs of what you have read from this website i give you
before.
2. Write 20 new words with is Bahasa Indonesia translation that you found from that
website.
3. Reading medical articles or journal is necessary for student nurse. Do you agree with
this statement or not? Why?
4. How do you se yourself after you graduate from this institution?
5. Are you going to use English at work? Why?

Answer

1. For several decades, health services researchers have reported associations

between nurse staffing and the outcomes of hospital care. However, in many of these
studies, nursing care and nurse staffing were primarily background variables and not
the primary focus of study. There has been remarkable growth in this body of
literature since the 1996 IOM report. Over the course of the last decade, hospital
restructuring, spurred in part by a move to managed care payment structures and
development of market competition among health care delivery organizations, led to
aggressive cost cutting. Human resources, historically a major cost center for
hospitals, and nurse staffing in particular, were often the focus of work redesign and
workforce reduction efforts. Cuts in nursing staff led to heavier workloads, which
heightened concern about the adequacy of staffing levels in hospitals.
Before examining the state of the scientific literature on the relationship
between nurse staffing and clinical outcomes, it is important to consider common
challenges of research in this arena. Investigators face at least two fundamental
 problems when designing staffing-outcomes studies: first, finding suitable data
sources and measures for staffing and patient outcomes, and second, linking the two
types of variables to reach valid conclusions. Staffing levels and patient outcomes
from approximately the same time are analyzed to determine whether a correlation
exists between the two. As all students of research methods know, correlational
designs are more limited than experiments for determining the extent to which causal
links exist between staffing levels and outcomes. Staffing levels can be reported or
calculated for an entire health care organization or for an operational level within an
organization (a specific unit, department, or division).

2. 20 new word with is Bahasa Indonesia

1. However = Namun 11. Rigorous = Ketat

2. Remarkable growth = Pertumbuhan yang 12. Arising = Timbul

luar biasa
3. Spurred = Memacu 13. Sustain = Menompang
4. Efforts = Upaya 14. Tailored = Disesuaikan
5. Heightened Concern = Kepedulian tinggi 15. Foreseeable = Mendatang
6. Reasonably = Layak 16. Myriad Linkages = Banyak sekali
keterkaitan
7. Widespread = Tersebar luas 17. A Broad = Luas
8. Advisory Bodies = Badan penasihat 18. Nonetheless = Meskipun begitu

9. Constrained = Terpaksa 19. Approximately = Sekitar

10. Feasibility Studies = Studi kelayakan 20. Furthermore = Selanjutnya

3. Yes, I totally agree. According to the journal that I read about the health problems it is
menting to facilitate student learning and reference for learning

4. I want to be a head of the room nurse and faculty, because for me, every nurse in the
hospital in need of a leader and every university requires faculty. it also included all
my ideals

5. Yes, I think to use English in the work is very important, because if we are working
abroad must use English to communicate