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Part 1: English-Vietnamese Translation

Unit 1: Legal Terms and Grammatical Structures


1A. Using Formal Adverbs in a Contract

Herein, Hereafter, Hereinafter, Hereby, Hereof, Herewith, Hereunder, Hereinbefore,


Thereof, Thereinafter, Thereto, Thereunder, Thereupon, Therefrom, Therefor,
Whereby……

1. The titles to the Articles in this Agreement and in the said Exhibits are for convenience
of reference only, not part of this Agreement, and shall not in any way affect the
interpretation thereof.
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2. “Licensed Products” means the devices and products described in Schedule 1 annexed
hereto together with all improvement and modification thereof or development with
respect thereto.
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3. The Seller hereby warrants that the goods meet the quality standard and are free from
all defects.
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4. The License herein granted is conditioned on Party B selling Licensed Devices at


prices no more favourable than those followed by Party A.
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5. Any disputes which either party does not wish to refer to a Conciliation committee may
then be submitted by the First Party to arbitration as hereinafter provided.
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6. “Products” means any and all agricultural products or any products derived therefrom.
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7. Before commencing the construction, the Contractor shall submit the plans and
specifications therefor to the Owner for approval.
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8. When the Licensed Products are sold, the royalty thereon shall be paid within a
calendar month from the date of delivery.
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9. If any one or more of the provisions contained in this Contract or any document
executed in connection herewith shall be invalid or unenforceable in any respect under
any applicable law, the validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained
herein shall not in any way be affected thereby.
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10. Party A agrees to pay to Party B an amount hereinafter called royalty equal to 5% of
the gross sales.
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11. The Principal shall not assign or transfer any of its rights, obligations or liabilities
hereunder without the express prior written consent of the General Agent.
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12. In the event of accident whereby loss or damage may result in a claim under this
Policy, immediate notice applying for survey must be given to our Agent.
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Notes:
Herein: in this part / article / contract
Hereafter / Hereinafter: following this/ from now on
Hereby: by this means / with this action
Hereof: of this part / article / contract
Hereto: to this part / article / contract
Herewith: together with this part / article / contract
Hereunder: under this part / article / contract
Hereinbefore: in a preceding part of this contract
Thereof : of / about the thing just mentioned
Thereinafter: from this time in that part of the article / contract
Thereto: to that part / article / contract
Thereunder: under that part of a contract:
Thereupon: as a result of that: theo đó
Therefrom: from that part / article / contract
Therefor: for the thing already mentioned
Whereby: by which way / method

1B. Using “Shall” in a Contract


1. The Seller shall not be liable for the delay in shipment or non-delivery of the goods
under the Contract in consequence of Force Majeure, which might occur during the
process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit. The Seller shall inform
the buyer promptly of the occureoccurrenceoned above and within fourteen (14) days
thereafter, the Seller shall send by airmail to the Buyer for their acceptance a certificate
of the accident issued by the Competent Government Authorities where the accidents
occurs as evidence thereof. In such circumstances, the Seller, however, is still under the
obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods. In case the
accident lasts for more than ten weeks, the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the
Contract.
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2. Any dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Contract, or the
breach, termination or invalidity thereof, shall be settled through amicable negotiation. In
case no settlement can be reached through negotiation, the case shall then be submitted
for arbitration. The location of arbitration shall be in the Country of the domicile of the
defendant.
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3. Any amendments to this Contract, or to any of the appendices annexed hereto, shall
come into force only after a written agreement providing for such amendments has been
duly signed by Party A, Party B, and Pary C, and approved by the original examination
and approval authority.
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1C. Using “If”, “In case”, “ In case of” and “Should”

1. If the price hereunder for the merchandise herein decreases generally on the market
before the delivery date, the Buyer shall benefit by such price reduction and shall be
entitled to pay for the goods at the general market price prevailing.
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2. If the Force Majeure event lasts over sixty (60) days, the Buyer shall have the right to
cancel the Contract or the undelivered part of the Contract.
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3. If any products or any part of the products is not in compliance with the standards of
quality as the result of the inspection, the Manufacturer shall supply the Buyer free of
charge with replacement for all parts not complying with the standards of quality.
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4. In case no settlement can be reached through negotiation, the case shall then be
submitted to the Arbitration Tribunal of Stockholm Chamber of Commerce in accordance
with the Arbitration Rules and Procedure of the said Tribunal.
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5. In case the Buyer fails to carry out any of the terms and conditions to this Contract
with the Seller, the Seller shall have the right to terminate all or any part of this Contract
with the Buyer or postpone shipment or stop any goods in transit and the Buyer shall in
every such case be liable to the Seller for all losses, damages and expenses thereby
inccurred.
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6. In case the Sellers are liable for the discrepancies and claim has been lodged by the
Buyers within the time limit of inspection and quality guarantee period as stipulated in
Clauses 10 and 11 to this Contract, the Seller shall settle the claim in one or any
combination of the following ways:
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7. Should the effect of Force Majeure continue more than one hundred and twenty (120)
consecutive days, both parties shall settle the further execution of the Contract through
friendly negotiations as soon as possible.
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8. Should any of the stipulations to the Contract be altered, amended, supplemented or


deleted, the same shall be negotiated between and agreed upon by both parties and
written documents shall be signed by the representatives of both parties.
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1D. Using “ In the event of” or “ In the event that”, “Unless……otherwise”

1. In the event of any claim arising in respect of any shipment, notice of intention to
claim shall be given in writing to the Seller promptly after the arrival of the goods at the
port of discharge and opportunity must be given to the Seller for investigation.
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2. In the event of any breach of the terms, conditions or warranties to this Contract with
the Buyer or in the event of the death, dissolution, bankruptcy or insolvency of the Seller,
the Buyer shall have the right to cancel this Contract with the Seller or reject the
merchandise or to dispose of it for the account of the Buyer at a time and price which the
Buyer deems reasonable and the Seller is bound to reimburse the Buyer for any loss or
damage sustained therefrom including but not limited to loss of profits obtainable from
resale by the Buyer and the damages caused by the Buyer’s liability to purchase from the
Buyer of the merchandise on resale.
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3. Unless the Contract provides otherwise, it is the Buyer’s legal duty to collect and
transport the goods from the Seller’s premises.
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4. Unless otherwise stated thereafter, the accounting principles employed shall be the
same as those applied in the preceding years.
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5. Neither party shall have the right to represent the other party unless otherwise
arranged.
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1E. Using “ Provided that…”, “Whereas”

1. Provided that Party B desires to continue leasing the flat, Party B shall notify Party A
in writing two (2) months in advance of the expiry of the lease and a new lease contract
shall be signed.
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2. We can sell a lot of garments provided that your price is highly competittive.
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3. Whereas Party B has the right and desires to transfer the aforesaid know-how to Party
A.
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4. Whereas party B has desires to cooperate with Party B in production of handicrafts.
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Notes:
- “Provided that…” is used for the wish of both parties.
- “Whereas” = Xét rằng / bởi vì ( dùng ở phần mở đầu của hợp đồng nói về mục đích, lý
do.)

1F. Using “Null and void”, “The above-mentioned”, “Said”, “Aforesaid”, “In
consideration of”, “ Subject to”, IN WITNESS WHEREOF/ THEREOF”
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1. This Contract shall come into force and effect thirty (30) days after the signing of this
Contract. If this Contract has not become effective within sixty (60) days, either party
may declare this Contract to be null and void. In the event of such a declaration, neither
party shall have any claim against the other party with respect hereto.
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2. Party A shall make delivery of the goods in accordance with the above-mentioned
arrangement.
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3. Party A grants Party B an exclusive license to manufacture producted by using the
invention of the said letter of Patent.
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4. The Licensee shall keep full and adequate books of account containing all particulars
that may be necessary for the purpose of showing the amount of royalty payable to the
Licensor. The aforesaid books of account shall be kept at the Licensee’s place of
business.
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5. In consideration of the payments to be made by the Purchaser to the Supplier as


herein mentioned, the Supplier hereby covenants with the Purchaser to provide the Goods
and Services and to remedy defects therein in conformity in all respects with the
provisions to the Contract.
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6. In consideration of the Licenses and technical assistance provided herein, the Joint
Venture Company shall pay Party A technical assistance fees in USD.
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7. Subject to the terms to this Agreement, the Producer agrees to be bound by the terms
to the following marketing agreement.
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8. Subject to Clause 17, no variation in or modification of the terms to the Contract shall
be made except by written amendment signed by the parties.
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9. The Contract is subject to approval of the Government of Import Country.
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10. We make you the following offer, subject to the goods being unsold.
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11. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Contract to be
executed in duplicate by their duly authorized officers or representatives at the date
written above.
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12. IN WITNESS WHEREOF: the parties hereto have executed this Agreement the day
and year first above written.
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Notes
“Null and void” = không có hiệu lực
“the above-mentioned”, “said”, “aforesaid” = đã nêu ở trên, trước
“ in consideration of” = Xét thấy, tính đến, vì lẽ
“ Subject to” = Dựa theo / được, do / với điều kiện
“ IN WITNESS WHEREOF/ THEREOF” = CHỨNG NHẬN DƯỚI ĐÂY: (thường dùng
trong điều khoản kết thúc hợp đồng)

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