J.U.S.T.

Faculty of Medicine
Department of Anatomy
First Semester 2016- 2017

Course Title: Histology for Dental Students

Course Code: M-216

Course Credits: 4 Hours (3 Lectures & 1 Lab)

Lecture Time: Sunday, Tuesday& Thursday: 3.30- 4.30

Lab time: Sunday or Tuesday or Thursday: 10:30-12:30

No. of Lectures: (41)

No. of Lab: (8)

.
Course Coordinator: Dr. Hanan Al-Lataifeh

Contact information:
Students can contact me for any question regarding the course. Questions can be discussed in the
lecture room (NG67) before and after lectures. Students can discuss course related questions in
my office (M5 L-3) during office hours and in lab. Room( M3 L-2) before and after the lab. or by
email.

Email: hananml@just.edu.jo

Office Hours:

General objectives of the course:

The goal of this course is to understand the microscopic structure and the basic function of the
human body. By the end of the course, students will be able to describe histologic features and
basic functions of the human cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. This basic knowledge will
give a solid scientific background for the students necessary for their study and profession.

Learning Resources:
1. Recommended Text Book: Basic Histology Text and Atlas, Luiz Carlos Junqueira and
Jose Carneiro, 14th Ed., McGraw-Hill Publishing, 2005
2. Lecture notes
3. Internet : histology.osumc.edu, or any other histology web site

Methods of Instruction:
1. Lectures
2. Practical laboratories
Students are supposed to attend all lectures, all labs. and write notes. Lecture notes, ppt
and pdf formats are only guiding , and students have to study the textbook.
Exams, Evaluation & Marks distribution:
There are three exams in this course: first theory, second practical and final theory exams. There
will be theory and practical quizzes during the course, absence for any of them will be marked
ZERO, the average of them all will be out of 5. Attendance and homework will be evaluated
with 5 marks. Exam dates and marks distribution are illustrated in the table below

Exam Type Date and time Marks

First Theory Week8 19/3/2015 12.30-1.30 25
Second Practical Week14 2/5/2016 12.30-1.30 25
Quizzes Practical and Decided in lectures 5
theory
Attendance Practical and 5
& homework theory
Final Theory To be decided by registry office 40
Specific Lecture Objectives

No. Lecture Topic Lecture Objectives

1 Introduction to the course 1. Understand the general outline of histology
course
2. To understand teaching methods in lectures
and labs
3. To understand the ways of evaluation in the
course
2,3 Methods of study 1. To identify Histology
2. Enumerate the steps of tissue preparation
technique and materials used for both light
and electron microscopy
3. Explain the reason for the use of the
materials during preparation technique
4. Describe conventional light microscopy and
principle of it
5. For modified light microscopic techniques,
explain the principle behind each and the
resulting image
6. Compare and contrast transmission electron
microscopy & scanning electronic
microscopy
7. Identify autoradiography, cell & tissue
culture, cytochemistry & techniques used to
show specific molecules
(immunohistochemistry).
4,5 The cell: cell membrane,
Organelles.
6 The cell: nucleus, cell cycle
& cell division.
1. Enumerate different cell components
2. Identify zygote, blastomeres, embryonic
stem cells
3. Identify cell differentiation.
4. Enumerate differentiated cells which are
specialized in certain activities.
5. Describe plasma membrane, describe its
components, role.
6. Clarify the signaling key role of membranes
7. Enumerate, describe and classify different
membrane proteins.
8. Describe different mechanisms of
membrane transport and the role of
membrane proteins in it.
9. Identify & describe cell signaling.
10. enumerate & describe different types of
receptors.
11. Enumerate different organelles of animal
cell, describe their histologic appearance
and functions.
12. Describe mitochondria & its role in cellular
activities
13. Describe microtubules, microfilaments,
intermediate filaments and their functions
1. Describe the nucleus, nuclear envelope,
chromatin and nucleolus
2. Describe different categories of chromatin
according to cellular activity, describe their
histologic appearance in light and electrone
microscopy
3. Describe cellular changes and activities in
different phases of cell cycle
4. Enumerate different phases of mitosis and
describe cellular changes during each
5. Describe meiosis
6. Identify stem cells
7. Describe apoptosis
7,8,9 Epithelium: characteristic
features of epithelial cells,
basement membrane
apical cell surface
specifications, types of ep.,
covering and lining, glandular
ep
1. Enumerate four basic types of tissues,
compare their contents of cells, extracellular
components and main functions
2. Describe main characteristic features of
epithelium
3. Give a detailed description of the basement
membrane
4. Give a detailed description of cell
junctions, major link proteins, cytoskeletal
component, their major structural features &
functions, and medical significance.
5. Describe cilia, microvilli, flagellae &
Steriocilia, their distribution
6. Classify epithelium: covering, lining and
glandular
7. Describe different types of epithelium,
correlate with function and distribution of
each
8. Identify exocrine and endocrine glands,
describe their development, give examples
on each
9. Classify exocrine glands according to
branching of duct system, morphology of
secretory portion, secreted material,
mechanism of secretion, & give examples
10. Clarify renewal of epithelium
10,11 Connective tissue: cells &
fibers, Ground substance,
classification & c.t. proper
12 Specialized Connective
tissue: Adipose tissue
1. Describe characteristic features of
connective tissue
2. Describe the development /origin of
connective tissue, correlate with the use of
stem cells for therapeutic tissue repair
3. Describe different connective tissue cells,
their distribution and functions, correlate
with the role of each cell on the body in
diseases (if there is any)
4. Describe connective tissue fibers
5. Compare different types collagen
considering: alpha chain component,
structure, major location & main function
6. Describe the main steps of collagen
synthesis
7. Give examples of clinical diseases resulting
from defects in collagen synthesis, elastic
fibers synthesis
8. Describe ground substances , explain their
role in connective tissue
9. Describe different types of connective tissue
proper, embryonic connective tissue and
reticular connective tissue: their general
organization, functions and give examples
for each
10. Enumerate specialized types of connective
tissue
1. Identify adipose tissue
2. Give the features of adipose tissue
3. Describe white and brown adipose tissues,
adipocytes
4. Compare white and brown adipose tissues
considering: histology, histogenesis of
both, their functions & distribution
5. Explain storage and mobilization of lipids
from adipocytes, and the factors affecting it
6. Identify leptin
7. Correlate between diabetes, heart diseases
and obesity
8. Compare
13,14 Connective tissue: Cartilage 1. Describe the characteristic features of
cartilage
2. Describe the three types of cartilage,
consider specially: main features of
collagen, extracellular matrix, cells,
arrangement of cells, perichondrium( if
present), locations and main functions
3. Discuss osteoarthritis as a common cartilage
defect
4. Describe the formation, growth and repair
of cartilage
15,16,17 Specialized Connective 1. Describe the main characteristic features of
tissue: bone bone as a connective tissue
2. Enumerate the main functions of bone as a
tissue
3. Give a detailed description for major cells
and matrix components of bone tissue
4. Identify: periosteum and endosteum
5. Describe them and their cellular component
is special, and their role in bone growth and
remodeling
6. Describe different types of bone and their
organization
7. Describe types of bone: compact, lamellar,
woven & cancellous bone considering
their histologic features and major locations.
Give other names used for each
8. Describe two processes of osteogenesis and
the site of their occurrence
9. Correlate osteogenesis with congenital
defects of bone ( osteogenesis imperfecta)
10. Identify epiphyseal plate
11. Describe bone remodeling and repair
12. Describe the metabolic role of bone tissue
and the factors affecting it.
18,19,20 Nervous system & nervous 1. Describe the general organization of the
tissue nervous system
2. Describe general characteristic features of
nervous tissue and supporting cells( glia
cells)
3. Describe the stages in the process of
neurulation in early embryo(early
development of nerve tissue)
4. Describe the structure of different parts of
neuron
5. Describe the different neurons according to
the number of processes appearing from cell
body
6. Classify neurons according to function
7. Describe anterograde and retrograde axonal
transport
8. Describe the structure and types of synapses
9. Describe different types of glia cells, their
location and functions
10. Compare myelination in CNS vs PNS
11. Compare normal myelinated &
unmyelinated nerve fibers and correlate
with multiple sclerosis disease
12. Describe the arrangement of neuronal cell
bodies & axons within: cerebrum,
cerebellum, spinal cord
13. Identify: gray matter, white matter
14. Describe different cell layers of cerebellar
cortex
15. Enumerate layers on meninges
16. Describe blood brain barrier and blood CSF
barrier
17. Identify choroid plexus
18. Enumerate main components of PNS
19. Describe nerve fibers
20. Identify: ganglia, nucleus
21. Compare between sensory and autonomic
ganglia
22. Identify neural plasticity and describe nerve
tissue regeneration
21, 22 Muscular tissue: skeletal, 1. Describe general features of muscle tissue
smooth & cardiac 2. Give a general description of skeletal,
smooth and cardiac muscle fibers
3. Identify satellite cells
4. Describe the organization of connective
tissue covering of skeletal muscle
5. Describe the organization within skeletal,
smooth and cardiac muscle fibers in
electron & light microscopes
6. Identify sarcoplasmic reticulum, T-tubules,
terminal cisternae and clarify their relations
in skeletal and cardiac muscle fibers
7. Describe the mechanism of contraction in
skeletal muscle, smooth muscle
8. Describe the mechanism of contraction in
skeletal muscle
9. Describe the innervation of skeletal muscle
10. Identify: muscle spindles, tendon organ
11. Describe in details the intercalated disc and
the function it serves
12. Compare the three types of muscle
13. Describe the regeneration of muscle tissue
23 Specialized Connective 1. Describe blood as a connective tissue
tissue: Blood 2. Enumerate functions of blood
3. Describe the composition of plasma and
give the function of each component
4. Describe a blood film
5. Give a detailed description to different
WBCs, platelets and RBCs , their functions,
life span
6. Explain how different factors may affect
RBC, platelets, RBC count and morphology
25,26 Cardiovascular system 1. Enumerate different parts of CVS and their
functions
2. Describe the microscopic structure of the
heart wall
3. Identify: epicardium & myocardium and
cardiac skeleton
4. Describe the conducting system of the heart
5. Enumerate the three types of tissues that
form the vascular wall and the effect of each
on the characteristics of different blood
vessels
6. Describe the microscopic structure of the
wall of the following blood vessels: elastic
artery, muscular arteries, small arteries,
arterioles, venules, small veins, medium
sized veins and large veins
7. Identify: carotid sinus, carotid body, aortic
bodies, chemoreceptors & baroreceptors
8. Correlate between Hypertension disease and
the blood vessel’s function
9. Describe different types of capillaries, their
distribution
10. Describe capillary bed structure and
different types of microvasculature structure
11. Identify lymph
12. Describe lymphatic capillary and lymphatic
vessels
27,28 Immune system & lymphoid 1. Identify: immune system (histologically),
organs innate immunity, adaptive immunity,
primary & secondary lymphoid organs,
MALT, lymphoid nodules
2. Enumerate antimicrobial chemicals
produced by immune cells
3. Compare adaptive & innate immunity
4. Enumerate groups of cytokines & their
functions
5. Identify antigen, antibody
6. Enumerate main classes of antibodies
7. What are main cells of adaptive immunity
8. compare B with T lymphocytes
9. describe the microscopic appearance of
thymus, MALT, lymph nodes, spleen
29,30 Digestive system 1. describe the general organization of the
digestive system, with main functions
2. describe the general structure of the
digestive tract(GIT)
3. give a detailed description of the gross and
microscopic structure of the tongue
4. describe the microscopic structure of :
stomach, small intestine, colon and give the
distinguishing features for each
5. enumerate the organs associated with the
digestive tract
6. describe the microscopic structure of:
parotid, sublingual, submandibular salivary
glands
7. describe the microscopic structure of the
pancreas
8. describe the microscopic structure of the
liver & give main functions
31,32 Endocrine system 1. Identify: endocrine glands, hormones,
paracrine, autocrine & juxtacrine secretion
2. Describe the microscopic structure of
different parts of pituitary gland and give
the hormonal secretion of each cell type
3. Describe the microscopic structure of
adrenal cortex and the hormonal secretion
of each zone
4. Describe the adrenal medulla and name the
hormonal secretion for cells
5. Describe pancreatic islets and give the
hormonal secretion for each cell type
6. Identify diffuse neuroendocrine system
7. Describe the microscopic structure of the
thyroid gland, paratha. gland and pineal
gland and name the hormonal secretions
33, 34 Respiratory system 1. Classify the respiratory organs into
conducting & respiratory portions
2. Describe the respiratory epithelium in
details
3. Describe the olfactory epithelium
4. Describe the tissue that lines the following
organs: paranasal sinuses, pharynx, vocal
cords and epiglottis
5. Describe the microscopic structure of the
wall of: trachea, bronchi, terminal
bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole, alveolar
duct & sac and alveoli
6. Compare type I with type II alveolar cells
35 Integumentary system 1. Give the main constituent of the
integumentary system
2. Describe the epidermal cell layers and
dermis
3. Describe melanocytes, Langerhans cells and
Merkel cells
4. Describe sweat & sebaceous glands
5. Enumerate sensory receptors in skin
6. Give the general structure of a hair & nails
7. Describe skin repair
36, 37 Urinary system 1. Describe the kidney
2. Describe the microscopic structure of a
nephron & collecting duct and give function
of each part
3. Describe the microscopic structure of the
ureter, urinary bladder and urethra
38 Male reproductive system 1. Enumerate components of male
reproductive system and give the function
for each
2. Describe the general structure of testis
3. Describe the interstitial tissue, Leydig cells
and hormonal function of them
4. Describe the seminiferous tubules, rete
testis, epididymis, Sertoli cells,
spermatogenic cell line,
5. Describe spermatogenesis
39,41 Female reproductive system 1. Enumerate components of female
reproductive system and give the function
for each
2. Define menarche, menopause
3. Describe in details the ovary
4. Describe the early development of the ovary
5. Describe the follicular growth and
development
6. Define ovulation and describe its hormonal
regulation
7. Describe briefly the microscopic structure
of the wall of uterine tube
8. Describe the microscopic structure of the
wall of the uterus in different phases of
menstrual cycle
9. Correlate the ovarian and menstrual cycles
with levels of their controlling hormones.
 Timetable of Lectures and Labs

First Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday Introduction to the
29/1/2017 course
Tuesday Methods of study
31/1/2017
Thursday Methods of study
2/2/2017

Second Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday The cell: Organelles & Subgroups & lab instructions
5/2/2017 wall
Tuesday Cell: nucleus
7/2/2017
Thursday Cell: cell cycle & cell
9/2/2017 division

Third Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday Epithelium: Cell organelles, cell division
12/2/2017 characteristic features of
epithelial cells, basement
membrane
Tuesday Epithelium: apical cell
14/2/2017 surface specifications,
types of ep., covering
and lining
Thursday Epithelium: glandular ep
16/2/2017

Forth Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday Connective tissue: cells Epithelium: Surface
19/2/2016 & fibers
Tuesday Connective tissue:
21/2/2016 Ground substance,
classification & c.t.
proper
Thursday Specialized Connective
23/2/2016 tissue: Adipose tissue

Fifth Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday Specialized Connective Epithelium: Glandular , salivary glands
26/2/2017 tissue: Cartilage ,pancrease
Tuesday Connective tissue:
28/2/2017 Cartilage
Thursday Specialized Connective
2/3/2017 tissue :bone

Sixth Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday Specialized Connective Connective tissue cells , connective tissue
5/3/2017 tissue :bone proper, Cartilage & adipose tissue
Tuesday Specialized Connective
7/3/2017 tissue: bone
Thursday Nervous system &
9/3/2017 nervous tissue

Seventh Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday Nervous system & Bone, Muscular & Nervous tissue
12/3/2017 nervous tissue
Tuesday Nervous system &
14/3/2017 nervous tissue
Thursday Muscular tissue: skeletal
16/3/2017

Eighth Week
Date Lecture Lab

1st Exam
Sunday
19/3/2017
Tuesday Specialized Connective
21/3/2017 tissue Blood
Thursday Muscular tissue: smooth
23/3/2017 & cardiac

Ninth Week
Date Lecture Objectives
Sunday Cardiovascular system CVS ,blood film
26/3/2017
Tuesday Cardiovascular system
28/3/2017
Thursday Respiratory system
30/3/2017

Tenth Week
Date Lecture Labs
Sunday Digestive system Respiratory
2/4/2017
Tuesday Digestive system
4/4/2017
Thursday Digestive system
6/4/2017

Eleventh Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday Endocrine system Digestive system: stomach, small intestine,
9/4/2017 colon, tongue, liver,
Tuesday Endocrine system
11/4/2017
Thursday Immune system &
13/4/2017 lymphoid organs

Twelfth Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday Immune system & lymphoid organs, endocrine
16/4/2017 lymphoid organs
Tuesday Integumentary system
18/4/2017
Thursday Urinary system
20/4/2017

Thirteenth Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday Urinary system
23/4/2017
Tuesday Male reproductive system
25/4/2017
Thursday Female reproductive
27/4/2017 system

Fourteenth Week
Date Lecture Lab
Sunday ‫بمناسبة عيد العمال‬
30/4/2017
‫عطلة رسمية‬
Tuesday
2/5/2017 2nd exam
Thursday Female reproductive
4/5/2017 system