Unit 6 Study Guide

The Energy of Chemicals and Chemical Change

General Info:
 The Unit 6 Test will take place on Thursday, March 8th.
 Some suggestions:
o Know your types and forms of energy.
o Know the definition of a calorie and specific heat capacity. Given specific heat
capacities for five substances, understand what the values tell you about those
substances in terms of how well they heat, insulate, and cool.
o Know you lab work!!
o Know how a thermometer works; what it actually measures.
o Understand reaction coordinate diagrams and the information that can be gleaned
from them.
o Know the energy content (in Cal/g) for the three macronutrients (carbohydrates,
proteins, fats).
 Use the questions below (in addition to your class notes (including handouts), homework,
and labs) to guide your studying.

1. Provide three different examples where useful energy is provided from a source of chemical
potential energy. Indicate the chemical source and the form of energy provided.

2. Explain how molecules have potential energy. Why is there an energy change during a
chemical reaction?

3. Convert: a. 45.0 J to cal b. 3389 cal to KJ c. 31 L of water to grams of water

4. The enthalpy change (ΔH) for the combustion of kerosene will be (endothermic/exothermic)
and (+ or – ).

5. When 245 cal of heat energy is added to 50.0 mL of water at an initial temperature of
23.0°C, the final temperature of the water will be ____.

6. How many kJ of heat energy are absorbed when 175 mL of water is heated from 24.8 to
100.0°C?

7. How much energy is absorbed to increase the temperature of 34.3 g of copper from 23.4 °C
to 245.0°C? (CCu = 0.0920 cal/g x oC)

8. The combustion of natural gas (methane) is one of the most common ways of heating
homes in the winter months.
CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g)  CO2 (g) + 2H2O (g) ΔH = -213 Kcal/mol
Calculate how much heat is produced by burning 500. g of natural gas.

Honors Chemistry Raleigh Charter High School Dr. Genez

 Unit 6 Study Guide
The Energy of Chemicals and Chemical Change
9. A geologist at a mining company is trying to identify an unknown metal sample. If she can
determine the specific heat of the metal, she can compare it to a table of specific heats for
known metals. The unknown metal had a mass of 7.33 g. It was heated to 100.00°C and
dropped into 10.0 mL of water at 22.00°C. The final temperature of the system was 28.64°C.
How much heat was involved in the transfer? What is the specific heat capacity of the metal?

10. A 5.66 g sample of butane (C4H10) fuel is burned in a bomb calorimeter and the following
data was obtained:

Mass of water = 1875 g Ti = 24.1°C Tf = 59.7°C

How much heat was involved in the transfer? What is the heat of combustion for butane in
kcal per mole?

12. The energy value of peanuts is 25.0 kJ/g. If an average adult needs 2800. Kcal of energy a
day, what mass of peanuts would meet an average adult’s energy needs for the day?

13. A 15.0 g sample of Domino’s Pizza is ignited in a bomb calorimeter and the following data
was obtained:

Mass of water = 2225 g Ti = 24.2°C Tf = 57.9°C

Determine the number of "Calories" in a whole slice of pizza (45.0 g).

14. Provided the following nutritional information, calculate the total energy and the percent of
energy supplied by protein, carbohydrates, and fat in a glazed doughnut.

3 g protein 22 g carbohydrate 11 g fat

15. Joe Phoenix wants to lose some weight. Joe drinks 3 cans of Coke a day; each contains 150
Cal. If Joe were to switch to Diet Coke (0 Cal), how many lbs. could he lose in 1 year?
Assume Joe needs an energy deficit of 3400 Cal to burn off 1 lb.

16. Using a crude calorimeter system, you are trying to figure out the energy content of a potato
chip. Use the following data (assume no heat is lost to the surroundings) to find the energy
content in kcal/g.

Mass of chip = 0.488 g Volume of water in flask = 250.0 mL Ti = 21.6°C Tf = 31.2°C

17. A coffee cup calorimeter is set up and contains 70.0 mL of water. A 4.638 g sample of
calcium chloride is dropped into the water and dissociates completely. The temperature of
the solution rises from 20.6°C to 27.7°C. Assume that no heat was lost to the surroundings.
Use 0.982 cal/g·°C for the specific heat capacity of the solution. How much heat was

Honors Chemistry Raleigh Charter High School Dr. Genez

 Unit 6 Study Guide
The Energy of Chemicals and Chemical Change
involved in the transfer? What is the heat of dissociation (ΔH diss) for calcium chloride in
kcal/mol?

18. In your daily activities, list the 3 most important forms of energy. Give the original source
and form of the energy, its form when you use it, and what activity that energy is allowing
you to do.

19. Sketch a reaction coordinate diagram for (a) a generic exothermic reaction and (b) a generic
endothermic reaction. What information does a reaction coordinate diagram give you?
How does the addition of a catalyst affect the diagram (show in your sketch)?

Selected Answers:
4. 10.7 cal; 14.17 kJ, 31,000 g
5. Exothermic; ΔH = –
6. 27.9 °C
7. +55.0 kJ
8. +699 cal
9. – 6660 Kcal
10. c = 0.127 cal/g x *C or 0.531 J/g x *C
q = 66.4 cal
11. – 684 kcal/mol
12. 468 g peanuts
13. 225 Cal
14. 6.0% protein, 44% carbs, and 50.% fat
15. approx. 48 lbs.
16. 4.9 Kcal/g
17. +520 cal and -12 Kcal/mol

Honors Chemistry Raleigh Charter High School Dr. Genez