WEEK 1

Day 1 Identifying Signal Words

Think and Tell

What is your favorite food?

Do you cook at home?
Do you follow the right procedure in cooking your favorite?

Find Out and Learn

Read the sentences. Select the meaning of the underlined words from
the box.

to scatter in small amounts I sliced the cake into three pieces.

to boil slightly The best way to purify water at home is to simmer it.
to cut Sprinkle water on the clothes before ironing it.

Listen to the selection to be read by the teacher.

“How to Make an Apple and Hazelnut Crunch”

Answer the comprehension questions based on the story heard.

1. What is the first step in making apple and hazelnut crunch?
2. How long will you simmer the apple?
3. After adding sugar, what will you do next?
4. What will you do when the stewed apple becomes cold?
5. What is the last step?
6. What words in the paragraph signals the step-by-step procedure in making an Apple
and Hazelnut Crunch?

Try and Learn

Activity
Listen to the teacher in reading the text to identify the signal words to
be used.

Do and Learn

Here are the given guidelines for taking tests. Fill in the blanks with
the correct signal words.

______, read the directions carefully before you start answering. If possible, read
them twice. Ask your teacher or the proctor about something you don’t understand.
_______, answer all items completely. _______, do not stay long in one number if you
 cannot think of the answer right away. You might run out of time especially if the test has a
time limit. _______. Write your answers clearly.

Remember

Signal words give step-by-step direction or

sequence in a paragraph/selection.

First , next, then, lastly, finally, furthermore, next to

that, second, after that, moreover are examples of
signal words.

Day 2 Identifying Main Idea, Key Sentence, and Supporting Details

Think and Tell

Do you love to eat chocolates?

What is your favorite brand of chocolate candy?
Have you ever wondered how this yummy food came to be?

Find Out and Learn

Find out the meaning of the words in column A with the phrases in column B.

A B
_____1.beverage A. alcoholic drink
_____2.chewable B. remove or take out
_____3.liquor C. a drink
_____4.extracted D. report of uncertain or doubtful truth
_____5.gossip E. can be grinded with a teeth

Read and Learn

Read the selection.

“Quick History of Chocolate”

The ancient people of Central America began cultivating cocoa beans almost three thousand
years ago. A cold drink from beans was served to Hernando Cortes, the Spanish conqueror when he
arrived at the Aztec Court of Montezuma in 1519. The Spaniards to the beverage home to their king.
He liked it so much that he kept the formula a secret. For the next hundred years, hot chocolate was
the private drink of the Spanish mobility. Slowly, it made its way into fashionable courts of France,
England, and Austria. In 1657, a Frenchman living in London opened a shop where blocks for making
the beverage were sold at a high price. Soon chocolate houses appeared in cities throughout Europe.
Wealthy clients met in them, sipped chocolate, conducted business, and gossip.

During the 1800s, chocolate became a chewable food. The breakthrough came in 1828, when
cocoa butter was extracted from the bean. Twenty years later, an English firm mixed the butter with
chocolate liquor, which resulted in the first solid chocolate. Milton Hershey’s candy came on the
scene 1894; the Tootsie Rolls hit the market two years later. The popularity of the chocolate bar
soared during World War I when they were given to soldiers for fast energy. M & Ms gave the industry
another boost during World War II; soldiers need candy that wouldn’t melt in their hands.

On the average, Americans today eat ten pounds of hard chocolate a year. The average Dutch
person eats up more than fifteen pounds a year, while Swiss packs away almost twenty pounds.
Chocolate is obviously an international favorite.

Talk About It

Answer the following questions.

1. Who were the first people to cultivate the cocoa beans?

2. Where was the drinking of hot chocolate a favorite?
3. When did chocolate become a chewable food?
4. Why were chocolates given to soldiers during the World War II?
5. Do you agree with the decision of the Spanish King to keep the formula for hot
chocolate a secret?
6. Should growing children like you eat too much chocolate? Why? Why not?

Going back to the selection, you will now look for the key sentence, supporting details,
and main idea in each paragraph.

Questions:

o What is the key sentence of the first paragraph? in the second paragraph? in the third
paragraph?
o What are the sentences that give information about the key sentence of the
paragraph?
o What is the first paragraph all about? The second paragraph? The third paragraph?

Remember

 Key Sentence is the sentence which states the topic of the

paragraph.
  Supporting Details are the sentences in the paragraph which give
information related to the topic.

 Main Idea of a paragraph tells us what the paragraph is all about.

Try and Learn

Read and analyze the following paragraphs. Then, answer the items that
follow.

Paragraph 1
There are different steps in solving a problem in Mathematics. First, read the
problem carefully and find out what is asked. Next, look for the given facts, then
think of the process to be used. Finally solve for the answer.

Give the key sentence of the paragraph:

____________________________________

Paragraph 2
Water is used for drinking. We also use it for bathing. It is used for cooking and
washing dirty clothes. Water has many uses.
Give the supporting details of the key sentence: Water has may uses.

Supporting details:________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________

Paragraph 3
The second month of the year, which is February, was named after Februalia,
The Roman festival of purification. February, as we all know, is the month of love. It
is in this month that Valentine’s Day or heart’s day is celebrated. On this day, we
express our love to our loved ones. We can show our love not only during this
month but also in all months and days of the year.

Give the main idea of the paragraph:

_______________________________________

Do and Learn
 Read the following selections. Then, identify what is asked in each item by
choosing the letter of the correct answer from the given choices.

_____1. (A)There are many ways to stop global warming. (B) Choose energy
efficient appliances when making new purchases. (C) Do not leave appliances on
standby. (D) Situate your freezer and fridge away from the stove.
Choose the letter of the sentence that tells the key sentence of the paragraph.

_____2. Paying taxes is very important. It is the government’s source of income. The
taxes that every citizen’s pay go to the different services that the government
provides and the projects that it undertake. A part of the budget goes to the
construction of roads and bridges. It is the obligation and responsibility of every law-
abiding citizen of a country to pay taxes wholeheartedly and on time. Which of the
following is NOT a sentence that talks about the paragraph?
A. The taxes that every citizen’s pay go to the different services that the
government provides.
B. It is the obligation and responsibility of every law-abiding citizen of a
country to pay taxes.
C. Every citizen should pay taxes monthly to fulfill his obligation in the
country.
D. A part of the budget goes to the construction of roads and bridges

_____3. Bicolanos take pride in their delicious pili nuts. Pili trees are abundant I
Bicol. They grow healthy there because of the cool and rainy climate of the place.
People take time harvest pili nuts. They sell them at high price. Pili is best cooked
with syrup. The paragraph s mainly about _____________________________.
A. the Bicolanos
B. the climate of Bicol
C. the pili nuts in Bicol
D. the place in Bicol

Learn Some More

Direction: Give the key sentence, supporting details and main idea of
the selection.

The root is an important part of the plant. It is responsible for getting water and
minerals from the soil for the plant to grow. It also holds the plant in position. If roots are cut
off from the plant, it would die.

Main Idea: ___________________________________________________________

Key Sentence:________________________________________________________
Supporting Details:

a. ________________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________________
Day 3 Subject-Verb Agreement

Think and Tell

Have you ever experienced being teased by somebody?

How do you feel?
Who is your best friend?
Does he/she defend you while you are in trouble?
Do you think making fun of somebody is a good act?

Find Out and Learn

Choose from the words inside the box that corresponds to the definition written in
each number.
grab ______1. badly behaved
argue ______2. activity done regularly
scatter ______3. take a big handful of, seize, get
hobby ______4. give reasons typically in angry way
naughty ` ______5. throw in various directions

Read and Learn

There are times that a sentence is in inverted order. If we say

inverted sentence, it is a sentence in which the verb comes before
the subject.

Read the following selection and try to find out inverted sentences.

Lily is a thin girl. She is quiet and shy. Every time she sits at the canteen, she
is always alone. Every day, at the hallway, are Nestor’s friends. Making fun of Lily is
their hobby. In Lily’s bag are books. Carlo, one of the naughty boys, teases Lily,
grabs the handbag, passes it with his friends, and scatters all the books on the floor.
“Bamboo Stick” is what they call her. From Room 3 comes Marina. She defends Lily
and argues with the boys. In simple way Marina helps. Later on, Lily and Marina
became friends. At the canteen, they eat together. In going home, walk Marina and
Lily. They share stories, review their lessons and help each other.

Analyze how verbs agree with the subjects in the following inverted sentences.
a. Every day at the hallway, are Nestor’s friends.
v s
b. In Lily’s bag are books.
v s
c. From Room 3 comes Marina.
v s
d. In going home, walk Marina and Lily.
v s

Ask: Which comes first in the inverted order of a sentence?

What happens to the verb when the subject is singular? When the subject is plural?

Remember

 Inverted sentence is a sentence in which the verb comes before the

subject.
 The verb agrees with the subject of the sentence.
 If the subject of the inverted sentence is singular, the verb takes its s-
form.
 If the subject of the inverted sentence is plural, the verb takes its base
form.

Talk About It

Answer the following questions.

1. Who is a thin girl?

2. Why do you think Lily is always alone?
3. Who makes fun of Lily?
4. What does Carlo do with Lily’s handbag?
5. Who helps Lily?
6. If you were Nestor’s friends, will you do the same? Why? Or Why not?
7. If you were Marina, will you also defend Lily?
8. What kind of person is Marina?

Try and Learn

Write the following sentences in the inverted order.

1. Everybody cares about the climate change.
2. The boys go in hiking.
3. Ramon volunteers for the difficult task.
4. Nobody cares about the spoiled food.
 5. Abigail attends the birthday party.

Do and Learn

Compose coherent sentences in the inverted order using the given

verbs that agree with the subjects in each item.
1. disagree the men on their plan
2. in the spelling bee join Rosa
3. come the meteor in meteorites
4. on the moon astronauts’ footprints left.
5. on a topic for a report Alexis decide

Planning a Two to Three-paragraph Composition Using an Outline

Think and Tell

What things are in the pictures?

In what kind of rocks do they belong?

Find Out and Learn

Outlining is arranging notes so that important ideas stand out and make
clear which point supports each of the important ideas.

Topics are those numbered in Roman Numerals I,II , III, etc.

The Subheadings are indicated in capital letters A, B, C, D, etc.

 The supporting details are those numbered in Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3,
etc.

By connecting the details in the outline, one can form a paragraph.

Try and Learn

Read the outline. Write a two-paragraph composition using the outline

below.

I. Sedimentary rocks - made of sediments cemented together

A. Classic or fragmented sedimentary

- rock fragments carried by wind, water and glacier

B. Chemical sedimentary

- deposits of minerals dissolved in water

C. Organic sedimentary

- shells, skeletons and other parts of plants and animals

D. Cementing materials

- calcium carbonate, silica, mud, clay and iron oxide

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
______________________________
 Do and Learn

The class will be divided into two groups. Group 1 will make a
paragraph based on the first part of the outline while group 2 will work on
the second part of the outline. The outputs will be combined to form a two-
paragraph composition.

Pepper

I. Pepper - one of the earliest spices known to mankind.

A. So expensive that a pound of it was considered an appropriate gift for a royalty to

give or to receive

B. Made as payment of taxes

C. Considered rich property

II. Pepper - a tropical vine

A. Begins to bear fruit in four years

B. Produces heavily in fourteen years

C. Unripe berries produce black pepper

D. Ripe ones produce white pepper

 Learn Some More

Form a two-paragraph composition using the following outline.

“Taking Care of Our Bodies”

I. The human body needs both rest and exercise.

A. Needs nourishment

B. A healthy looking body doesn’t just happen

C. A good deal of care is given to it

II. The body needs food, as the machine needs fuel as oil

A. Requires an adequate amount of basic nutrients

B. Protein, Fats, Carbohydrates and Minerals

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________

Remember

 Outlining is arranging notes so that important ideas stand out.

 Outline can be used in writing a paragraph by using the topic
sentences and supporting details.

Day 5 Determining the Ideas that Influence the Viewers

 Think and Tell

Are you familiar with TV commercials?

What is your favorite TV commercial?
Can you draw inside the box your favorite product and tell something
about it based on what you have watched in a TV commercial?

Find Out and Learn

Media uses stereotypes, point of view, and propaganda to influence

the viewers.
A propaganda is the spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the
purpose of helping or injuring an institution, a cause, or a person.

Stereotypes are results of incomplete or distorted information accepted as fact without

question. A stereotype is simply a widely held belief that an individual is a member of a
certain group based on characteristics.

Point of View is the angle of considering things, which shows us the opinion, or feelings
of the individuals involved in a situation. It is a reflection of the opinion an individual from
real life or fiction can have

Talk About It

What scene in the TV commercial is considered captivating?

What ideas/ images in the TV commercial are used to influence the

viewers?

Did you gain interest of buying the product after watching the TV
commercial?
 Try and Learn

The class will be divided into four. Each group should give new name
of
the product to endorse. A representative from each group must explain the
ideas used to influence the viewers.

Group 1- Make a commercial about most delicious bread through song and dance.
Group 2- Show a tableau of using the best detergent bar.
Group 3- Create a poster about milk drink
Group 4- Present a short drama about the importance of brushing teeth using
a brand of toothpaste.

Do and Learn

Determine the ideas used to influence the viewers based on the

advertisement Amazing Tale Nido 3+ Nestle PH. Choose
your answer from the box.

1. Using stereotypes, the characteristic of a mother that has shown in the

advertisement was______________.
2. As shown in the point of view of the advertisement, a child must have
________________.
3. The advertisement has spread the idea that Nido 3+ contains millions of
_________________ that will help in protecting children’s tummy.
4. The advertisement of Nido 3+ left a slogan at the end part stating that
“___________________”
5. The advertisement is intended to persuade ______________ to buy Nido 3+ for
children.

Laking Nido, Protektado mothers healthy tummy

Tender Loving Care fathers good bacteria

Remember
 There are ideas/images in media that are explicitly used to influence
the viewers.

Stereotypes- are results of incomplete or distorted information

accepted as fact without question. A stereotype is simply a widely
held belief that an individual is a member of a certain group based
on characteristics.

Point of view- is the angle of considering things, which shows

us the opinion, or feelings of the individuals involved in a situation.
It is a reflection of the opinion an individual from real life
or fiction can have.

Propaganda - is the spreading of ideas, information, or rumor

for the purpose of helping or injuring an institution, a cause, or a
person.