Nuclear Weld Conditions

TBM
TECHNICAL REGULATIONS
FOR
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
Edition: 4
This document is jointly produced by the Swedish nuclear power

companies. All revisions shall be approved by joint consultation.
Approved
Barsebäck Power Station Forsmark Power Station

PER-GUNNAR CEDER TOMAS SMED
Oskarshamn Power Station Ringhals Power Station

BJÖRN GUSTAFSON JAN EDBERG
TBM 2(101)
Table of contents
INDEX OF REVISIONS - TBM...........................................................................................................................7
1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................8
1.1 BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................................................8
1.2 OBJECT .............................................................................................................................................................8
1.3 CONTENT ..........................................................................................................................................................9
2 GENERAL PART ..........................................................................................................................................10
2.1 FIELD OF APPLICATION ...................................................................................................................................10
2.2 DEFINITIONS,ABBREVIATIONS AND APPLICABLE REGULATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS ............................11
2.2.1 Definitions ..............................................................................................................................................11
2.2.2 Abbreviations .........................................................................................................................................11
2.2.3 Tabulation of applicable regulations, codes and standards...................................................................12
Arc Welded Joints in Steel – Guidelines for quality levels of discontinuity and deviation from shape .......................12
2.3 CLASSIFICATION .............................................................................................................................................13
2.3.1 General...................................................................................................................................................13
2.3.2 Quality Classification.............................................................................................................................13
2.3.3 Information of Quality Class in Force ...................................................................................................14
2.3.4 Information of Object Group in Force ...................................................................................................14
2.4 DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................................15
2.4.1 General...................................................................................................................................................15
2.4.2 Contents .................................................................................................................................................15
2.4.3 Instructions.............................................................................................................................................16
2.4.3.1 Limitations ..............................................................................................................................................16
2.4.3.2 Classification...........................................................................................................................................16
2.4.3.3 Design criteria .........................................................................................................................................16
2.4.3.4 Materials .................................................................................................................................................16
2.4.3.5 Manufacturing.........................................................................................................................................16
2.4.3.6 Testing ....................................................................................................................................................16
2.4.3.7 Pressure relieves......................................................................................................................................16
2.4.3.8 Active function........................................................................................................................................16
2.4.3.9 Particularly requirements for components...............................................................................................16
2.5 DESIGN CRITERIA ...........................................................................................................................................17
2.5.1 General...................................................................................................................................................17
2.5.2 Direction and work schedule..................................................................................................................18
2.5.3 Mechanical equipment of quality class 1 ...............................................................................................18
2.5.4 Mechanical equipment of quality class 2 and 3 .....................................................................................18
2.5.5 Mechanical equipment of quality class 4A and 4 ...................................................................................18
2.5.6 Mechanical equipment not being quality classed...................................................................................18
2.5.7 Modes of operation.................................................................................................................................19
2.5.8 Loadings.................................................................................................................................................19
2.5.8.1 Design Loadings .....................................................................................................................................19
2.5.8.2 Service Loadings.....................................................................................................................................19
2.5.8.3 Test Loadings..........................................................................................................................................20
2.5.9 Acceptable Stresses ................................................................................................................................20
2.5.9.1 Design Limits..........................................................................................................................................20
2.5.9.2 Service Limits .........................................................................................................................................20
2.5.9.3 Test Limits ..............................................................................................................................................20
3 DESIGN, CALCULATION, MANUFACTURING AND INSTALLATION ...........................................21
3.1 MATERIAL ......................................................................................................................................................21
3.1.1 Metallic Materials ..................................................................................................................................22
3.1.1.1 Pressure-retaining Materials....................................................................................................................22
3.1.1.2 Materials for salt water systems ..............................................................................................................24
3.1.1.3 Load-bearing materials............................................................................................................................24
3.1.1.4 Materials for Bolts, Nuts and Washers....................................................................................................24
3.1.1.5 Materials for Component Internals..........................................................................................................24
3.1.1.6 Filler Metals for Welding........................................................................................................................25
3.1.1.7 Materials for hardfacing of carbon steels ................................................................................................25
Edition: 4
TBM 3(101)
3.1.2 Plastic and Rubber .................................................................................................................................26

3.1.3 Gasket Material......................................................................................................................................26
3.1.4 Lubricants ..............................................................................................................................................26
3.2 REPAIR OF PARENT MATERIAL AND REPAIR AT MANUFACTURE ....................................................................27
3.3 DESIGN AND CALCULATION ............................................................................................................................28
3.3.1 Design and performance ........................................................................................................................28
3.3.2 General Calculation Requirements ........................................................................................................29
3.3.2.1 Strength Calculations ..............................................................................................................................29
3.3.3 Certain Design Rules .............................................................................................................................29
3.4 MANUFACTURE AND INSTALLATION ...............................................................................................................30
3.4.1 Specific Requirements for Stainless Steels and Nickel-based Alloys......................................................31
3.4.2 Welding ..................................................................................................................................................32
3.4.3 Fit-up and Tack Welding........................................................................................................................32
3.4.4 Weld Procedure and Welding Data Sheets (WPS) .................................................................................32
3.4.5 Special Requirements of Welded Joints..................................................................................................33
3.4.6 Forming and Straightening ....................................................................................................................34
3.4.6.1 Forming Procedure..................................................................................................................................35
3.4.6.2 Special Requirements..............................................................................................................................35
3.4.7 Heat treatment........................................................................................................................................36
3.4.7.1 Heat treatment Procedure ........................................................................................................................36
3.4.7.2 Thickness of cladding .............................................................................................................................37
3.4.8 Marking ..................................................................................................................................................37
3.5 CLEANLINESS, PACKING AND PROTECTION ....................................................................................................38
3.5.1 Cleanliness .............................................................................................................................................38
3.5.2 Corrosion Protection..............................................................................................................................38
3.5.3 Preservation ...........................................................................................................................................39
3.5.4 Storage and Transport ...........................................................................................................................39
3.6 DOCUMENTATION AND DELIVERY ..................................................................................................................40
3.6.1 Necessary Documentation at Tender......................................................................................................40
3.6.2 Necessary Documentation before Manufacture .....................................................................................40
3.6.3 Documentation of Deviations during Manufacture................................................................................40
3.6.4 Delivery of Technical Documentation....................................................................................................40
4 OBJECT SPECIFIC REGULATIONS ........................................................................................................41
4.1 PIPING .............................................................................................................................................................41
4.1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................41
4.1.2 Material - Restrictions and Limitations .................................................................................................41
4.1.3 Design and Calculation..........................................................................................................................41
4.1.3.1 General....................................................................................................................................................41
4.1.3.2 Design of Seals........................................................................................................................................49
4.1.3.3 Design Calculations and Stress Analysis ................................................................................................49
4.2 PIPES AND FITTINGS ........................................................................................................................................50
4.2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................50
4.2.2 Branch connections ................................................................................................................................50
4.2.3 Elbows and Bent Pipes...........................................................................................................................52
4.2.4 Reducers.................................................................................................................................................53
4.2.5 Flanged Connections..............................................................................................................................54
4.2.6 Heads/Caps in pipe system.....................................................................................................................55
4.2.7 Welding Lugs for Steel Pipes..................................................................................................................55
4.2.8 Other Pipe Fittings.................................................................................................................................57
4.2.9 Corrosion Protection and Transport......................................................................................................57
4.2.9.1 Temporary corrosion protection..............................................................................................................57
4.2.9.2 Corrosion protection ...............................................................................................................................58
4.2.9.3 Rubber Lining .........................................................................................................................................58
4.2.9.4 Transport .................................................................................................................................................58
4.3 VALVES ..........................................................................................................................................................59
4.3.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................59
4.3.2 Materials - Restrictions and Limitations................................................................................................59
4.3.2.1 Material for Internal Parts .......................................................................................................................59
4.3.2.2 Gasket Material - Stuffing Box Packing .................................................................................................59
4.3.2.3 Lubricants ...............................................................................................................................................59
Edition: 4
TBM 4(101)

4.3.3.1 General Design Requirements.................................................................................................................59
4.3.3.2 Connections.............................................................................................................................................61
4.3.3.3 Design of Seals........................................................................................................................................62
4.3.3.5 Design of valves in quality class 1: .........................................................................................................64
4.3.3.6 Design of Valves in Quality Classes 2 or 3:............................................................................................65
4.3.3.7 Design of Valves in Quality Classes 4A and 4:.......................................................................................65
4.3.4 Manufacturing........................................................................................................................................65
4.3.5.1 General....................................................................................................................................................66
4.3.5.2 Temporary Corrosion Protection.............................................................................................................66
4.3.5.3 Corrosion Protection ...............................................................................................................................66
4.3.5.4 Rubber-lining ..........................................................................................................................................66
4.3.5.5 Transport .................................................................................................................................................66
4.3.6 Documentation and Delivery..................................................................................................................66
4.3.6.1 Documentation Necessary on Tendering.................................................................................................66
4.3.6.2 Documentation Necessary before Manufacturing ...................................................................................67
4.3.6.3 Final Documentation...............................................................................................................................68
4.4 PUMPS .............................................................................................................................................................69
4.4.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................69
4.4.2.1 Material for Internal Parts .......................................................................................................................69
4.4.2.2 Material for Gland Packing .....................................................................................................................69
4.4.2.3 Gasket Material - Stuffing Box Packing .................................................................................................69
4.4.2.4 Lubricants ...............................................................................................................................................69
4.4.3.1 General Design Criteria...........................................................................................................................69
4.4.3.2 Connections.............................................................................................................................................71
4.4.3.3 Design of Seals........................................................................................................................................71
4.4.3.5 Design Calculations for Special Pumps of Quality Class 2 or 3:.............................................................72
4.4.3.6 Design Calculations for Special Pumps of Quality Classes 4A and 4: ....................................................72
4.4.4 Manufacturing........................................................................................................................................73
4.4.5.1 General....................................................................................................................................................73
4.4.5.2 Temporary corrosion protection..............................................................................................................73
4.4.5.4 Transport .................................................................................................................................................73
4.5 HEAT EXCHANGERS ........................................................................................................................................76
4.5.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................76
4.5.3 Design and Calculations ........................................................................................................................76
4.5.3.1 General design demands .........................................................................................................................76
4.5.3.2 Connections.............................................................................................................................................77
4.5.3.3 Design of Seals........................................................................................................................................78
4.5.4 Manufacturing........................................................................................................................................79
4.5.4.1 General Requirements at Manufacturing.................................................................................................79
4.5.4.2 Marking...................................................................................................................................................80
4.5.5.1 Temporary Corrosion Protection.............................................................................................................80
4.5.5.3 Rubber Lining .........................................................................................................................................80
4.5.5.4 Transport .................................................................................................................................................80
4.5.6 Documentation and delivery ..................................................................................................................80
Edition: 4
TBM 5(101)
4.6 PROCESS MEASURING EQUIPMENT .................................................................................................................82

4.6.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................82
4.6.2 Design Requirements on Certain Components.......................................................................................82
4.6.2.1 Instrument valves ....................................................................................................................................82
4.6.2.2 Flow Measurement Nozzles, Orifice Plates and Venturi Tubes .............................................................82
4.6.2.3 Thermo Wells..........................................................................................................................................82
4.6.2.4 Pressure Vessels for Level Measuring ....................................................................................................82
4.7 PRESSURE VESSELS.........................................................................................................................................83
4.7.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................83
4.7.2.2 Connections.............................................................................................................................................83
4.7.2.3 Design of Seals........................................................................................................................................84
4.7.3 Manufacturing........................................................................................................................................85
4.7.4 Corrosion protection ..............................................................................................................................85
4.7.5 Transport................................................................................................................................................85
4.7.6.1 Necessary Documentation before Manufacturing ...................................................................................86
4.8 SUPPORTS .......................................................................................................................................................87
4.8.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................87
4.8.3.1 General....................................................................................................................................................87
4.8.3.2 Design .....................................................................................................................................................88
4.8.3.3 Calculation ..............................................................................................................................................89
4.8.3.4 Drawing Requirements............................................................................................................................90
4.8.4 Manufacturing........................................................................................................................................90
4.8.5.1 Corrosion Protection ...............................................................................................................................90
4.8.5.2 Transport .................................................................................................................................................90
4.9 ATMOSPHERIC STORAGE TANKS .....................................................................................................................91
4.9.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................91
4.9.2.2 Connections.............................................................................................................................................91
4.9.2.3 Seal Design .............................................................................................................................................91
4.9.3 Manufacturing........................................................................................................................................92
4.9.4.2 Rubber Lining .........................................................................................................................................92
4.9.4.3 Transport .................................................................................................................................................92
4.10 INTERNALS FOR REACTOR PRESSURE VESSELS AND STEAM GENERATORS .....................................................94
4.10.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................94
4.10.2.1 Internal Parts in Reactor Pressure Vessels ............................................................................................94
4.10.3.1 Internal Parts in Reactor Pressure Vessels ............................................................................................94
4.11 PIPE RUPTURE RESTRAINTS ............................................................................................................................95
4.11.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................95
4.11.3.1 General..................................................................................................................................................95
4.11.3.2 Design ...................................................................................................................................................96
4.11.3.3 Calculation............................................................................................................................................96
4.11.3.4 Drawing Requirements .........................................................................................................................97
4.11.4 Manufacturing........................................................................................................................................97
Edition: 4
TBM 6(101)

4.11.5.1 Corrosion Protection .............................................................................................................................97
4.11.5.2 Transport...............................................................................................................................................97
5 REPAIR OF INSTALLED EQUIPMENT...................................................................................................98
5.1 REMOVAL OF DEFECTS ...................................................................................................................................98
5.1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................98
5.1.2 Rules.......................................................................................................................................................98
5.2 REPAIR OF DEFECTS ........................................................................................................................................99
5.2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................99
5.2.2 Rules.......................................................................................................................................................99
5.3 DOCUMENTATION .........................................................................................................................................100
5.3.1 Obligation to report towards SKI.........................................................................................................100
Appendix 1 Event Categorization in ANSI / ANS-52.1-1983

Appendix 2 Table 3-6 in ANS / ANS-52.1-1983
Appendix 3 General Rules for Quality Classification of Equipment in Swedish Nuclear
Power Plants
Appendix 4 TBM SPECIFICATIONS
Appendix 5 Oxide reference
Appendix 6 Definitions
Edition: 4
TBM 7(101)
Index of Revisions - TBM

EDITION REASON FOR REVISION PAGE DATE
2 Thorough revision due to the regulation SKIFS Revision 1997-05-01
1996:1 issued by the Swedish Nuclear Power of the
Inspectorate regarding revision of "the regulation entire
SKIFS 1994:1 Mechanical Equipment in Nuclear document
Plants". revisions due to aspects from review of
issue 1 performed by licensees and SAQ Nuclear
Engineering Inspection Limited.
3 Revised due to experience and comments from 2000-01-31
nuclear plant owners.
4 Thorough revised due to the regulation SKIFS Entire 2001-12-15
2000:2 and viewpoints from nuclear plant owners. document
revised
Edition: 4
TBM Chapter 1 8(101)
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
The demand for updating to edition 4 of “Technical Regulations for Mechanical
Equipment – TBM” is a consequence of obtained experiences and new regulations by the
Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate with general advice of mechanical equipment in
nuclear plants, SKIFS 2000:2.
The present “Technical Regulations for Mechanical Equipment - TBM“ is an application
document drawn up between the Swedish Nuclear Power Companies and constitute the
common interpretation to fulfil
• the requirements in the regulation SKIFS 2000:2 issued by the Swedish Nuclear
Power Inspectorate and in that referred requirements of SKIFS 1998:1.
• the requirements of regulations issued by the National Swedish Board of
Occupational Safety and Health (nowadays the Swedish Work Environment
Authority).
• the plant owners own requirements.
1.2 Object
The object with the TBM is to show:
• the requirements that are established for new and modified mechanical equipment to
be installed in Swedish nuclear plants.
• the requirements made on analysis of postulated defects
• the requirements made on the analysis and repairs of real defects.
Requirements in addition to those stated in TBM, can be specified for new and modified
mechanical equipment in the detailed specification for the mechanical equipment.
TBM does not deal with requirements related to systems levels and plant levels, for
instance redundancy and diversification.
TBM shall be used together with the common quality regulations for power plants
(KBM) and TBY (Technical Regulations for Corrosion Protection).
When mechanical equipment included in TBM also include electrical parts, the TBE and
KBE shall be used together with TBM and KBM.
The plant owners shall use TBM at
• purchasing of mechanical equipment,
• manufacture of mechanical equipment under own management,
• purchasing of installation work for mechanical equipment,
• installation of mechanical equipment under own management,
• purchasing of repairs for mechanical equipment,
• repairs of mechanical equipment under own management,
• purchasing of analysis of the integrity of structures containing defects for mechanical
equipment,
• analysis of the integrity of structures containing defects for mechanical equipment
under own management.
Edition: 4
1.3 Content
Chapter 1 is an introduction describing background, objects, usage and content of the
TBM.
Chapter 2 describes field of application for TBM, gives definitions, describes the
classification procedure in Swedish nuclear power plants and gives a guidance for
drawing up design criteria for mechanical integrity.
Chapter 3 describes general requirements and regulations regarding design, manufacture

and installation of mechanical equipment.
Chapter 4 describes requirements specifically related to objects and regulations, which

means that amendments and exceptions from the general requirements and regulations
specified in Chapter 3 are submitted for different types of mechanical equipment.
Chapter 5 describes requirements made on analysis of postulated defects and the

requirements made on analysis and repairs of real defects.
Chapter 1, 2 and 5 are normally intended for the purchaser, while applicable parts of
Chapter 3 - 4 shall be part of the documentation which will be sent to a supplier.
Edition: 4
2 GENERAL PART
2.1 Field of Application

The nuclear plants covered by TBM are:
• Barsebäck 1 and 2.
• Forsmark 1, 2 and 3.
• Oskarshamn 1, 2, 3 and CLAB.
• Ringhals 1, 2, 3 and 4.
TBM is applicable to such mechanical equipment which is covered by the following

(italics cite SKIFS 2000:2):
Mechanical equipment included in barriers and mechanical equipment which have

importance to the defence-in-depth at the following types of nuclear facilities for which
permission to conduct nuclear activities is issued on the basis of the Act (1984:3) on
Nuclear Activities
• a nuclear power reactor,

• a research or materials testing reactor
• a facility for the fabrication of uranium pellets and fuel bundles,
• a facility for the storage or other handling of nuclear waste.
Mechanical equipment of importance for the safe operation of the plant and which is
affected by the requirement for staff protection against illness and accidents.
Mechanical equipment of importance for the production capacity and availability of the
plant.
In applicable parts, TBM can be used as guidance for purchasing of mechanical

equipment like moving and internal machine parts of pumps, valves, turbines and
generators.
TBM is not applicable to :
• mechanical parts in nuclear fuel bundles,

• container used for transportation of nuclear material and nuclear waste,
• mechanical equipment used for handling, processing, storage or final disposal of
nuclear waste
of which SKI stipulates particular terms and conditions.
Edition: 4
TBM is neither applicable to :
• such open tank intended for flammable liquid for which regulations have been issued
with the support of the degree (SFS 1988:1145) about flammable and explosive
goods,
• such pipe for flammable liquid for which regulations have been issued with the
support of the degree about flammable and explosive goods and which is used
between objects that are not pressure vessels or vacuum vessels,
• hoist or lifting equipment, and
• moving machine parts in pumps, turbines, motors and generators and also control
rods for reactivity control.
2.2 Definitions,Abbreviations and applicable Regulations, Codes and

Standards
2.2.1 Definitions
A common list of definitions for the plant owners has been made up, see appendix 6.
2.2.2 Abbreviations
AFS National Swedish Board of Occupational Safety and Health (nowadays Swedish
Work Environment Authority) Code of Statutes
ANSI American National Standard institute
ANS American Nuclear Society
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
FSAR Final Safety Analysis Report
GDC General Design Criteria
KBE Kvalitets Bestämmelser för Elektrisk utrustning (Quality Regulations for
Electrical Equipment)
KBM Kvalitets Bestämmelser för Mekaniska anordningar (Quality Regulations for
Mechanical Equipment)
RCPB Reactor Coolant Pressure Boundary
RN Piping Code
TBE Tekniska Bestämmelser för Elektrisk utrustning (Technical Regulations for
Electrical Equipment)
TBM Tekniska Bestämmelser för Mekaniska anordningar (Technical Regulations for
TBY Tekniska Bestämmelser för Ytskydd (Technical Regulations for Corrosion
Protection)
TKN Tryckkärlsnormen (Pressure Vessel Norm)
TSM Tekniska Specifikationer för Mekanisk anordning (Technical Specifications for
SKI Statens Kärnkraftsinspektion (The Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate)
SKIFS Statens Kärnkraftsinspektions Författningssamling (Statutes of the Swedish
Nuclear Power Inspectorate)
WPAR Welding Procedure Approval Record (Qualification report in SS-EN)
WPQR Welding Procedure Qualification Record (Qualification report inASME)
WPS Welding Procedure Specification (Welding Data Sheet)
Edition: 4
2.2.3 Tabulation of applicable regulations, codes and standards

The latest issue of codes and standards shall normally be applied.
The below specified, regulations, codes and standards with the specified edition shall be
used, unless otherwise specified in purchase order:
Swedish regulations, codes and standards
PRN 1988 Plastic Piping Codes

RN 1978 Piping Codes
SKIFS 2000:2 Statutes of the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate,
regulations for mechanical equipment in nuclear plants. Edition
2000:2
TKN 1987 Pressure vessel code

SS 06 41 01 Swedish standard, Welded vessel - Design, manufacture and
inspection Edition 2, 1984-11-15
SS-ISO 5817 Arc Welded Joints in Steel – Guidelines for quality levels of
discontinuity and deviation from shape
Foreign Codes
ANSI/ANS-51.1- ANSI / ANS nuclear safety criteria for the design of stationary
1983 pressurized water reactor plants
ANSI/ANS-52.1- ANSI / ANS nuclear safety criteria for the design of stationary
1983 boiling water reactor plants
Edition: 4
2.3 Classification
2.3.1 General
All equipment in a nuclear power plant is divided into safety classes according to
importance from the nuclear power safety point of view. By tradition this is based on
American legislation and codes, i.e., in this case 10CFR50, Appendix A, GDC 1 and
ANSI/ANS 51.1 for pressurized water reactors and ANSI/ANS 52.1 for boiling water
reactors. The safety classification guides the division into classes of mechanical and
electrical equipment as below.
SAFETY CLASSIFICATION
↓ ↓
Quality Classification Function Classification
↓
Environmental Classification
2.3.2 Quality Classification

Mechanical equipment for which SKI is the supervising authority and which is included
in SKIFS 2000:2 are classified into quality classes. Mechanical equipment for which the
National Swedish Board of Occupational Safety and Health (nowadays the Swedish
Work Environment Authority) is the supervising authority, are not part of the
classification system but classified into object groups.
The following general rules are available in Sweden for classification of equipment into
quality classes:The principles shall be safety reviewed according to SKIFS 1998:1 and be
reported to SKI. (The quality classification in force may be used without any report until
January 1, 2004).
For general rules regarding quality classification of equipment in Swedish nuclear power
plants, see appendix 3. For a detailed description of the classification it is referred to the
SAR of each nuclear plant respectively.
For the single nuclear power plant there are also classification lists or flow charts marked
with colour and flags, where the quality classification is shown in detail.
There are 5 quality classes1, namely the classes 1, 2, 3, 4A and 4. Classification into the
classes 1 to 3, i.e. the equipment which has direct importance for the reactor safety,
substantially follows the safety classification of the American codes mentioned above.
The principle for classification of the equipment into quality classes, can briefly be
described as follows:
Quality class 1 (See also Appendix 3, item 3.3.1)

Pressure-retaining parts of the primary system (RCPB)

Pressure-retaining parts whose function are
1
Quality class 4A has been established for systems or parts of systems which do not belong to quality class 1, 2 or
3, but which may content large quantities of radioactive substances. It is applied to operative systems, such as
systems for radioactive waste and cleaning of the water in the reactor and fuel pools.
Edition: 4
• direct emergency cooling of the core (core emergency cooling, core spray)
• cool down the residual heat from the core
• ensure the containment function (containment spray, isolation valves, containment
penetrations)
• reduce the reactivity (control rod insertion, part of system outside reactor pressure
vessel).

Other pressure-retaining parts of direct importance for the reactor safety.
Internal parts in the reactor tank, maintaining core geometry, cooling and shut down
reactivity.
Quality class 4A (See also Appendix 3, item 3.3.4)

Pressure-retaining parts not belonging to the classes 1 to 4, but containing large amounts
of radioactive material.

Pressure-retaining parts of importance for the operation of the plant.
Pressure-retaining parts affecting the safety of the staff.
Internal parts not included in quality class 3.
2.3.3 Information of Quality Class in Force

Information about quality class should be taken from the following sources at work with
pressure-retaining parts:
• Information for repairs and maintenance is taken from flow charts or classification
lists
• New classification is drawn up according to the principles of the general classification
rules at modification work
2.3.4 Information of Object Group in Force

Information about object group should be taken from AFS at work with pressure-
retaining parts which are not quality classified.
Edition: 4
2.4 Design Specifications
2.4.1 General
The object of this chapter is to give guidance at drawing up design specifications. The
plant owner is responsible for establishing the design specifications.
The design specifications shall have undergone a safety review according to chapter 4 §3
of SKIFS 1998:1 and the included design criteria shall be reported to SKI before the
design specifications can be applied.
For all modifications and for all quality classes of mechanical equipment in the plant that
may lead to altered conditions of some part of the plant design specifications must be
taken out. Such modifications of mechanical equipment which are included in the
requirement of design specifications are:
• Modifications and additional constructions

• Such exchanges where the condition loadings of the part of the system in question
may be affected by the function or design of the substitute equipment.
• Exchanges which affect more than a limited part of a system
• Measures that are taken to remove cracks or corrosion attacks without any subsequent
repair of materials or weld deposit.
2.4.2 Contents
The design specifications will in applicable extent contain the following information:
• Requirements for the function of the equipment
• Delimitation to other equipment including the loadings at the delimitation
• Design criteria including requirements for pressure relief
• Inner and outer environment included eventual neutron radiation
• Requirements for inspection and possibility for inspection
• Quality classification
• Particular requirements for materials
• List of codes and standards as a basis for the design
• List of valves and interlocks which in operation must be locked in an open or a closed
position
• Reference to documents that describe criteria for operation clearness
• Flow sheets.
(In ASME III NCA-3252.a.6 there is also required that if there is a demand for
operability (active function) of a component there must be a reference to documents
which describe the requirements for function – at the same time B-1200 says that
requirements for operability (and requirements from the authorities) is not included in
appendix B).
The design specification should also include analysis of how the exchange is affecting the
loadings and operation limits for existing equipment in actual as well as in connecting
systems.
Edition: 4
2.4.3 Instructions
When producing these design specifications it is important that the SAR in force is
consulted as this gives the background that is required to avoid that the requirement for
the intended modification will be in conflict with the requirements that are valid for the
plant.
2.4.3.1 Limitations
For all limitations to the existing systems, claims should be put that all appearing forces,
torque and displacement are specified, alternatively this information should be attached
so that the design work may determine the interaction of the limitation.
2.4.3.2 Classification
The classification in force for the systems in question must be found in the design
specification.
2.4.3.3 Design criteria

Reference to the design criteria will be found in TBM chapter 2.5.
2.4.3.4 Materials
Applicable requirements for the materials according to TBM chapter 3.1 must be found in
the design specification.
2.4.3.5 Manufacturing
If particular requirements for the manufacturing is required according to TBM chapter 3.4
this must be found in the design specification.
2.4.3.6 Testing
If pressure test must be performed by air instead of liquid this must be required by the
design specification.
Eventually limitations for the choice of liquid for the testing must be specified. When
choosing liquid it must be noticed that it has no negative influence and that it may be
used for the pressure and temperature in question.
It must be stated if particular requirements are required at the pressure test of expansion
bellows.
Requirements for tightness of spindle tightening, valve seats, flanges, etc. should be
included in the design specification.
2.4.3.7 Pressure relieves

Such components where pressure and associated temperature, either static or in
connection with transients, may exceed design values must be pressure relieved.
In the design specification must be stated if there is requirement for pressure relief and, if
so, information about required blowoff capacity.
2.4.3.8 Active function

In the design specification must be found which components that will be regarded as
“Active component”.
2.4.3.9 Particularly requirements for components

If there is particularly requirements for any component according to TBM chapter 4 it
must be found in the design specification.
Edition: 4
2.5 Design Criteria
2.5.1 General
The object of this chapter is to give guidance at drawing up design criteria with respect to
mechanical integrity for mechanical equipment.
The requirements for mechanical integrity are based upon codes and the object is that
pressure-retaining and load bearing equipment shall resist pressure and other loads
without break or leakage. The quality class to which a component belongs, governs the
codes to be used at analysis of the mechanical integrity. Requirements for active and
passive function of a component also affect the evaluation.
Governing for the instructions given in this chapter has been SKIFS 2000:2 which in
chapter 4, § 4 tells:
For modifications in a plant which affect mechanical equipment by means of

• Modifications and additional constructions,
• Such exchanges where the condition loadings of the part of the system in question
may be affected by the function or design of the substitute equipment,
• Exchanges which affect more than a limited part of a system,
• Measures according to § 2
The design and performance shall be based upon current design specifications which
shall be safety reviewed according to chapter 4, § 3 in SKIFS 1998:1.
Before the design specifications may be applied, in which the design criteria are
included, they must be reported to the Nuclear Power Inspectorate who can decide that
further or other assumptions are valid.
In General Recommendations concerning the application of SKIFS 2000:2 several

references are made to ASME III.
Even though the references to ASME III are just advisory, the choice is made to follow
the main part of the arrangement prescribed by ASME III NCA-2140, section “Design
Basis“ at preparing design criteria for mechanical integrity.
The reason for this is the tradition to follow ASME III for qualified evaluations.
In case evaluation shall be carried out according to a different code, e g TKN, the work
schedule according to ASME is still applicable at drawing up design criteria for
mechanical integrity.
The parts of ASME III which primarily describe the preparation of design criteria are
NCA -2140 and appendix B and J.
Reference is also made to ANSI/ANS 51.1 (PWR) and ANSI/ANS 52.1 (BWR).
The equivalents to the Swedish designations in ASME and ANSI are given in Chapter
2.2.1“Definitions“ and in the continued writing. The Swedish designations have to a great
extent been matched to the designations used in the Swedish codes.
Edition: 4
2.5.2 Direction and work schedule

The following direction and work schedule can be established from an interpretation of
applicable parts of SKIFS 2000:2 and ASME III.
The design criteria for mechanical integrity shall state the load and combinations of loads
which modified or added mechanical equipment are subjected to. Data regarding
permissible stresses shall also be included.
The following procedure should be used at drawing up:
• Make clear the functional requirements

• Determination of applicable modes of operation, upset conditions and accidents
• Establishment of loads and load combinations
• Determination of acceptable stresses.
This is a part of the basic documentation a supplier or contractor must possess to verify,
by calculations, analysis and tests, that the design satisfies the design criteria.
2.5.3 Mechanical equipment of quality class 1

For mechanical equipment in quality class 1 the design criteria for the mechanical
integrity shall specify the entire scope of design loading, service loading, test loading and
corresponding, acceptable stresses according to the descriptions above.
The design criteria shall also state the code to be applied.
2.5.4 Mechanical equipment of quality class 2 and 3

For mechanical equipment in quality classes 2 and 3, the design criteria for the
mechanical integrity can be specified in two different ways. Either the same specification
as for quality class 1 above is applied or only design loading and test loading and
corresponding limits are specified. The conditions for using the latter model depend on
what components are affected and the achieved stress level. This is described in ASME
III section NCA 2142. The design criteria shall also state the code to be applied.
2.5.5 Mechanical equipment of quality class 4A and 4

For mechanical equipment in quality classes 4A and 4 the design criteria for the
mechanical integrity has to be specified in the same way as for mechanical equipment in
quality classes 2 and 32.
The design criteria shall also state the code to be applied.
2.5.6 Mechanical equipment not being quality classed

For mechanical equipment not belonging to any of the quality classes 1 - 4 the design
criteria for the mechanical integrity shall be specified in the same way as for mechanical
equipment in quality classes 2 and 3. The design criteria shall also state the code to be
applied.
2
Specifying the design criteria in the same way as for different quality classes does not mean that the same
requirements are made for this equipment. In the codes to be used for evaluation this is taken into consideration by
making different requirements.
Edition: 4
2.5.7 Modes of operation

The different modes of operation for a new piece of equipment must be determined to
decide the load a new device is subjected to. This includes the normal conditions, upset
and accidents the piece of equipment is considered to withstand. To evaluate the limits to
be set for the different loads it is necessary to anticipate a probability for each mode of
operation (lower probability for a operating condition leads to acceptance of higher limit
values, see below).
A way to describe this is to divide the modes of operation in different event classes. In
ANSI/ANS 51.1 (PWR) and ANSI/ANS 52.1 (BWR) a set of event classes named “Plant
Conditions“ are defined. Briefly, one can say that PC1 corresponds to normal operating
situations while higher designations specify disturbances (PC2-3) or accident situations
(PC4-5) with a decreasing degree of probability. In appendix 1, a summary of
probabilities for different PC:s and a connection to other event classes are given.
In the final safety analysis report for relevant unit, the applicable event classification shall
be described. If this is missing, the relevant operating conditions for the relevant systems,
based on analysis of events in the relevant final safety analysis report, must be
established.
By evaluating this, relevant operating cases can be drawn up on a component level.

Examples are given below:
• Normal operation (pressure, temperature, own weight)

• Pumping against closed valve
• Valve closing at large flow with risk for water shock
• Temperature transients
• Vibrations
• Earthquake
Each case of operation mode shall then be related to relevant plant condition or be given
an estimated probability.
2.5.8 Loadings
Loadings are divided into Design Loadings, Service Loadings and Test Loadings. In
ASME III Appendix B-2121 a list of loading to be taken into account is specified.
2.5.8.1 Design Loadings

Design loading is in turn divided into design pressure, design temperature, and
mechanical design loads. The loading for which the component shall be strength
calculated, shall be included in these (cyclic or transient loading are normally not
included), see ASME III, section NCA -2142.1 “Design Loading“ and TKN Chapter 2
Definitions, Concept Explanations, Units of Measurements.
2.5.8.2 Service Loadings

The service loading shall be derived from the anticipated operating cases. All the loading
the component is subjected to, during predictable, normal and upset service situations and
possible accident situations, are related to service loading. To service loading belong
Edition: 4
pressure, temperature, mechanical loads and their eventually cyclic or transient course (
see further ASME III section NCA 2142.2 “Service Loading“). Related service loading
are combined to load combinations (Service Loading Combinations) which shall be
evaluated against relevant service limit together with adherent event class or anticipated
probability (see below).
2.5.8.3 Test Loadings

All the loading the component is subjected to during the tests are related to test loading.
These are normally pressure tests. If other tests shall be carried out, this must be evident
from the design specification. (see further ASME III section NCA -2142.3 “Test
Loading“).
2.5.9 Acceptable Stresses

Acceptable stresses are divided into Design Limits, Service Limits and Test Limits (see
ASME III section NCA-2142.4 “Design, Service and Test Limits“).
2.5.9.1 Design Limits

Design limits specify the limit for the design loading. In case operating loading are not to
be evaluated, the design limit is set to the same level as Service Limits A (see below).
Otherwise the design limits are evident from the evaluation instructions available in e g
ASME III sections NB, NC, ND, NE, NF or NG and TKN.
2.5.9.2 Service Limits

The service limits are divided into four levels according to ASME III, Service Limits A,
B, C and D.
Limit A corresponds to limits stating the margins and safety factors needed for the
component to satisfy its specified performance.
Limit B corresponds to the limits giving smaller margins and safety factors compared to
Limit A but where still no damage to the component will arise.
Limits C and D correspond to limits giving further reduction of margins and safety
factors and where severe damages needing repairs can arise.
However, the pressure vessel integrity must not be jeopardized.
Event class (or equivalent modes of operation including probability) decides what service
limit shall be applied. This connection shall be described in the final safety analysis
report. In appendix B-2 (from ANSI/ANS 51.1 and ANSI/ANS 52.1) corresponding
connection is described for “Plant Conditions“. The connection to requirements for active
and passive functions is evident.
In the evaluation of a component according to e g ASME III sections NB, NC, ND, NE,
NF or NG, service limits A - D are assigned numbers for allowed stresses.
2.5.9.3 Test Limits

The test limits specifies the limits for the tests to be performed. In the evaluation of a
component according to e g ASME III Section NB, NC, ND, NE, NF or NG and TKN,
test limits are assigned numbers for allowed stresses.
Edition: 4
3 DESIGN, CALCULATION, MANUFACTURING AND

INSTALLATION
3.1 Material
General conditions relating to quality assurance, prescribed authorizations and
requirements for testing and inspection are given in the purchaser´s Quality Regulations
for Mechanical Equipment (KBM). The KBM governs inspection and testing of design,
materials, manufacture, installation and repair and also extent of quality assurance
documentation.
Well-proven and documented material shall always be selected. Requirements according

to referred material specifications and material standards and applicable technical
delivery and inspection conditions shall always be fulfilled. If alternative codes, standards
or specifications are desired, these shall at least give equal safety and be approved by the
purchaser before application.
Material and shapes shall be inspected, tested and documented with certificates according
to the requirements of KBM.
In waterborne systems in BWR-plants, specific requirements are put forward due to risk
of IGSCC. This is valid for water with a temperature above 100 °C, which has passed
through the reactor core and consequently has gone through a radiolysis, this so-called
BWR-water. Turbine and condensate systems are not exposed to BWR-water. However,
preheated feed water shall be considered as BWR-water.
Material with requirement on material certificate no lower than SS-EN 10204 3.1.B, shall
be marked so it can be identified with regard to material standard, heat treatment, charge
number, and material certificate. Material with requirement on material certificate
according to SS-EN 10204 2.1 or 2.2, shall be marked so it can be identified with regard
to material standard and heat treatment. If a lot/unit is split up the marking shall be
transferred. The manufacturer of the material shall perform the marking.
The marking shall be performed by a method that leaves permanent marking without
affecting the properties of the material.
The type of material shall be selected by the purchaser and is specified in the relevant
component specification, or in the tender enquiry or order.
The supplier shall be responsible for the detailed selection of material standard to be
applied for the individual item. The supplier is also responsible for conformance with the
requirements specified below, guidelines and restrictions.
The purchaser shall approve the selection of materials proposed by the supplier. From
case to case an exemption from the requirements below may be granted.
Edition: 4
3.1.1 Metallic Materials

The very long-lived cobalt isotope Co-60 is the cause of most radiation in a nuclear plant.
Cobalt originates from contents of cobalt in the metallic materials, which are worn,
corroded, or worked into grinding dust. These corrosion and working particles are spread
with the reactor water into the core where they are activated. Thereafter they are brought
out into the systems and are deposited in different components as extremely difficult
radiation sources. To minimize the collective dose the requirements below must be
fulfilled:
- Cobalt content must not exceed 0,05 % in the rector vessel or the internals. This is
also valid for great areas (>10 m²) outside the reactor vessel if the areas are exposed
to water which thereafter may come into the reactor vessel without passing through an
ion exchanger. For areas ≤ 10 m² the cobalt content must not exceed 0,2 %. For
materials in systems where the water will not pass through the reactor vessel there is
no limitation of the cobalt content.
3.1.1.1 Pressure-retaining Materials

Examples of material that can be used for pressure-retaining parts are:
• Metallic materials standardised for pressure vessels according to Swedish Standards

(SS), European Standards (EN) or ASME Section II.
• Metallic materials specified in TKN and RN or corresponding European Standard
(EN) or ASME Section II.
The manufacturer proposes the detailed material standard or material specification to be

used.
In general, the requirements, limitations and restrictions that are specified in the
applicable material standards/specifications including the applicable technical, delivery-
and inspection conditions shall be valid for the materials. The following restrictions and
limitations shall also apply to the material groups mentioned above.
Detailed requirements on limitations such as content of carbon and cobalt, the use of
plastically formed material or the use of cast material, shall in each individual case be
specified by the purchaser.
Carbon, carbon manganese and micro alloy steels

Micro alloyed steel should not be used for process systems in contact with media if not
approved by the purchaser; irrespective of operation temperature. For other steel
structures the same requirements apply in those cases where they for a long period are
exposed to a temperature above 100 º C.
• The steels shall be fully killed.

• The carbon content must not exceed 0,20 % for steels to be welded.
• The sulphur content must not exceed 0,030 % and the phosphorous content must not
exceed 0,035 % for steels in welded constructions.
• The heat treatment condition for the steel shall be in accordance with the specification
for the material in question.
Edition: 4
Ferritic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels

Due to potential embrittlement, these types of steels shall only be used after specific
approval from the purchaser who will specify applicable additional requirements as
below, similar to the requirements for austenitic steels.
Austenitic stainless steels

In PWR-plants with operating temperatures above 100 º C the carbon content must not
exceed 0,03 % for plastically formed materials for use in waterborne systems.
In BWR-plants the following applies due to the risk of IGSCC for austenitic stainless
steels in BWR-water:
• The carbon content must not exceed 0,030 % for plastically formed steels which are
exposed to BWR-water, however, a carbon content of ≤ 0,020 % is recommended.
This applies to titanium- and niobium-stabilized materials as well.
• The content of free ferrite shall be 5-20 % for castings of stainless steel. The carbon
content must not exceed 0,07 %, and the purchaser must approve a carbon content
above 0,03 %.
• The content of molybdenum in plastically formed steels should be 2-3 %.
• The material shall be delivered in solution heat-treated condition. Integrated heat
treatment after extrusion is permitted. The material shall show no cracks after
intergranular corrosion testing according to (SS-EN) ISO 3651-2 Method A, B, or C,
alternatively according to ASTM A262/E.
• Straightening performed after solution heat treatment is permitted if hardness
thereafter is below 240 HV.
• Stainless steel piping must not be ground on inside surfaces after solution heat
treatment without the approval from the purchaser.
• The grain size in materials for piping and components above DN 50 shall fulfil
ASTM 4 or finer granular. This applies first of all to materials in parts of systems
with a consequence index of 1-3 where in-service inspection will be performed.
• Precipitation-hardened materials of type SS 2570 must not be used in BWR-water.
• Electrolytic brightening, if any, shall be performed according to a qualified method.
This applies first of all to pressure boundary equipment.
Nickel-based alloys
Nickel-chrome-iron alloys are accepted with the following restrictions:
• The carbon content must not exceed 0,05%.
• The cobalt content must not exceed 0,05 % in components that are in contact with
BWR-water or are in contact with water which may come into the reactor vessel.
When, for manufacturing reasons, it cannot be avoided, cold working may be used. In
such cases a cold working up to 3% is permitted.
Edition: 4
3.1.1.2 Materials for salt water systems

Titanium alloys, plastics, rubber coated carbon steels and for salt water specially
developed stainless steels (with min. 6 % Mo in austenitic steels and with min. 4 % Mo in
duplex steels) may be used in seawater environment.
3.1.1.3 Load-bearing materials

Load-bearing materials for components and systems may be manufactured from general
structural steels, stainless austenitic steels and nickel-based alloys with strength
properties, form and surface finish suitable for the intended application. For duplex steels
the approval of the purchaser is required.
Carbon and carbon-manganese steels to be welded, shall be fully killed or semi-killed

with a carbon content not exceeding 0,20 %.
For austenitic stainless steel to be welded, the carbon content must not exceed 0,10 %.
For components, which are in contact with BWR-water, the carbon content must not
exceed 0,030 %.
In BWR-water Alloy X-750 must only be used in heat treated condition. Heat treatment
of Alloy X-750 is handled in the EPRI Interim Report NP-7032, November 1990, which
recommends CIB (Core Internal Basic)3.
Welding to Alloy X-750 must not be made without the approval from the purchaser.
3.1.1.4 Materials for Bolts, Nuts and Washers

Bolts and nuts and in pressure-retaining and load-bearing components shall be
manufactured from materials specified in TKN or equivalent foreign codes and standards.
Directions according to TKN 17.5 shall apply.
Bolts of austenitic stainless materials with a hardness exceeding 220 HV must not be
used in direct contact with water at a temperature above 100°C.
If stainless bolts are chosen, the material shall be chosen to preclude the risk of galling.
Washers of stainless material shall have a minimum hardness of 260 HV. Washers of
carbon steel shall have a minimum hardness of 210 HV.
3.1.1.5 Materials for Component Internals

Internals and other parts, which are not designed to carry pressure or load, shall be
manufactured from materials being well proven in terms of strength and function of the
particular component.
Valve stems and pump shafts of martensitic stainless steel shall have a chromium (Cr)
content exceeding 15 %. The hardness in those details must not exceed 280 HV.
Valve seat or other details in contact with media must not consist of or be coated by
cobalt alloys. However, cobalt may be accepted in systems, which are not in contact with
3
This means solution anneal at 1080 ± 14 ºC and hold for 1 to 2 hours. Shorter times may be used dependent on
product form and section thickness. Cool by water or oil quenching. Precipitation harden at 715 ± 14 ºC for 20 hours
and air cool.
Edition: 4
any reactor system, or if the water first goes through an ion exchanger before it goes into
the reactor system.
3.1.1.6 Filler Metals for Welding

Filler metals for welding shall be tested and documented according to KBM EP 3-11/5-
11.
The table below specifies the guidelines for selecting filler metals according to American
Welding Society (AWS).
Materials AWS
Carbon steel A5.1: E7018
A5.18: ER70S-X1
Stainless steel A5.4: E308L-Y2
A5.4: E316L-Y2
A5.9: ER308L
A5.9: ER316L
Dissimilar joint CS/SS A5.4: E309MoL-Y2
A5.9: ER309MoL
Nickel base and dissimilar joint with A5.14: ERNiCr3
nickel base
1. X is selected with respect to parent material and the impact toughness requirement.
2. Y indicates type of coatings and shall be 15, 16, or 17.
The filler metals shall be adjusted to the parent material and shall be tested and
documented according to the requirements in KBM.
For austenitic filler metals the pure weld deposit and the actual weld metal in intended
weld joints shall have a ferrite content of 5-15 The purchaser shall approve deviations.
The carbon content of austenitic filler metal must not exceed 0,03 %.
Materials for hardfacing shall be well proven and be suggested by the manufacturer.
Cobalt based filler metals are normally not permitted.
For new designs Alloy 182 is not permitted without the approval of the purchaser. Alloy
182 must in those cases be protected against the mediaborne surface with a 5-8 mm thick
layer of weld metal of a different performance.
3.1.1.7 Materials for hardfacing of carbon steels

The purchaser shall approve the choice of hardfacing materials. For valves or other
components in contact with BWR-water or with water, which may come uncleaned into
the reactor, systems cobalt alloys (stellites) are not permitted.
Edition: 4
3.1.2 Plastic and Rubber

Halogen based materials, e.g. fluorine rubber, chloroprene, chlorethene, sulphone rubber,
teflon and PVC, are normally not permitted for use in nuclear power plants without the
approval of the purchaser.
Plastic and rubber materials free from halogens are primarily used for tightening
elements, O-rings, insulating electric cables and sea water coolant piping.
For polymers in contact with high temperature water there are requirements for a highest
content of leachable chlorides and fluorides of 150 mg/kg.
The purchaser shall specify application environment and operation temperature. The
supplier proposes normally appropriate material specification. Polymers age, especially at
elevated temperatures and radiation, and therefore the manufacturer shall recommend
replacement intervals for the component in question.
Plastic pipe should only be used in quality class 3, 4A, and 4 where the medium is sea
water, industrial or demineralized water. Piping must not be installed in such a way that
they run the risk of being subjected to fire. The design shall follow the codes, standards
and instructions stated in PRN 1988.
3.1.3 Gasket Material

Materials in mechanical gland gaskets shall be selected in consultation with the
purchaser. In stuffing boxes, expanded graphite shall normally be used unless otherwise
specified by the purchaser. Graphite, however, must not be used in systems, which may
come into contact with sea water. The total quantity of leachable contents of chloride,
fluoride, sulphate and antimony at 100 ºC must not exceed 150 mg/kg and in the case of
pure graphite gaskets not exceed 50 mg/kg.
Asbestos must not be used in the plant.
Rubber-bonded fibre gaskets may be used according to the recommendations of the

manufacturer.
Spiral-wound gaskets shall comply with Swedish Standards SS 3134 - SS 3136. The
interlayer shall consist of expanded graphite if the risk of corrosion of the flange sealing
face exists.
3.1.4 Lubricants
Antimonic or sulphurous lubricants, e.g. molybdenum sulphide, must not be used in
BWR-water or PWR primary water. First of all graphite based or graphite nickel based
lubricants shall be used.
Edition: 4
3.2 Repair of Parent Material and Repair at Manufacture

Provided that the necessary material thickness is not reduced and a smooth transition with
the surrounding material surfaces can be achieved, defects may be removed without
repair by welding.
Plastically formed material such as plate, pipes, bar and forging as well as cast iron
details must not be repaired by welding by the material supplier without the approval of
the purchaser. Areas repaired by welding shall fulfill the same requirements as the parent
material and shall be inspected according to an approved, detailed inspection plan, as well
as with the requirements laid down in the deviation report.
Materials for bolts and nuts must not be repaired.
The purchaser’s approval shall be required prior to the execution of a ”major” repair by
welding of steel castings. The material supplier may repair steel castings without
permission from the purchaser, provided the requirements below are fulfilled and that the
repair cannot be regarded as “major“ as defined below.
Repair by welding shall be regarded as ”major” if:

• The casting exhibits defects, which may result in lack of tightness during pressure
testing.
• The cavity ground out or prepared for repair is deeper than 15 mm or 10 % of the
material thickness, or if any defect is larger than 50 cm2.
Prior to repair by welding, the following requirements must be fulfilled:

• Qualification requirements for welding as per KBM shall be fulfilled.
• The material supplier shall hold a repair procedure approved by the purchaser.
The following post-repair measures shall be carried out:
• All repairs by welding shall be documented.
• After the repair the surfaces shall be carefully finished to achieve a smooth transition
with the adjoining parent material surfaces.
• Material repaired by welding shall be heat treated according to the requirements of
the approved material specification/standard.
• Areas repaired by welding shall comply with the requirements made on the parent
material and shall be inspected according to a detailed inspection plan, approved by
the purchaser.
Edition: 4
3.3 Design and Calculation

Design of pressure-retaining and load-bearing equipment, with respect to mechanical
integrity, shall be made according to the design criteria established by the purchaser,
whereby the following applies.
3.3.1 Design and performance

The design of a mechanical device belonging to quality class 1 shall be made according
to ASME III (Article NB-3000) and specific design rules as below and requirements in
the object specific regulations in Chapter 4.
The design of a mechanical device belonging to quality class 2 and 3 shall be made
according to ASME III (Article NC-3000 and ND-3000 respectively) or according to
codes, standards and instructions given below in Table 3-1, with regard to the specific
design rules below and the requirements in the object specific provisions in Chapter 4.
Design of mechanical equipment belonging to the other quality classes shall be made
according to the codes, standards and instructions given in Table 3-1, with regard to the
specific design rules below and the requirements in the object specific provisions in
Chapter 4.
The purchaser can admit that the design of mechanical equipment belonging to quality
classes 2, 3, 4A, and 4 is made according to other rules, codes and instructions if these are
considered to give at least equal safety. It is the supplier's responsibility to apply in
writing for such an admittance.
Edition: 4
CODE, STANDARD, INSTRUCTION DESIGNATION

Instructions for tank foundations CFA 72
Instructions for design of stands for pressure vessels STA 69
Instruction manual for steel constructions BSK 99
Codes for atmospheric tanks CA
Codes for gas bottles GFA 92
Codes for hydrophores LA 91
Codes for cold tension KSN
Codes for cooling ----
Piping code RN 78
Welded vessels - design, manufacture and inspection SS 06 41 01
Codes for pressure vessels TKN 87
Codes for warm and hot water VVA 93
Codes for steam vessels ÅKA 98
Codes for boilers ÅPN 87
Code for plastic piping PRN 88
Table 3-1 Swedish Design Rules
3.3.2 General Calculation Requirements

3.3.2.1 Strength Calculations
Strength calculations shall be drawn up to an extent stated in referred rules, codes and
standards according to item 3.3.1 and be documented in a technical report. Requirements
for review of calculations are stated in KBM.
3.3.3 Certain Design Rules

The certain rules to be regarded for the object specific mechanical equipment are stated in
“Design and Calculations“, in Chapter 4.
Edition: 4
3.4 Manufacture and Installation

In applicable parts, this Chapter states the minimum requirements for manufacture,
installation and welding of quality classed mechanical equipment.
Companies, which manufacture quality classed mechanical equipment, shall establish and
use manufacturing documentation approved by the purchaser.
The manufacturing documents shall comply with the requirements in the object specific
provisions in Chapter 4 and the codes and standards listed in Table 3-1 below. The rules
stipulated concerning inspection, testing and authorization to perform welding and heat
treatment shall be superseded by the provisions contained in KBM.
Other foreign codes and standards may be used after written approval from the Purchaser,
provided that they are regarded to give at least equivalent safety,
CODE, STANDARD DESIGNATION APPLY FOR MANUFACTURING OF

Welding- General rules SS-06 4001 All mechanical equipment
Piping codes RN 78 Pipelines, pipes, pipe fittings, valves,

process instrumentation etc. Pumps and
pipe hangers and supports as applicable
Welded vessels - SS-06 4101 Pressure vessels, heat exchangers, vacuum

design, vessels, tanks etc. Manually or
manufacture and automatically welded pipes and pipe fittings
inspection
Welded vessels - heat SS-06 4510 Pressure vessels, heat exchangers, vacuum
treatment vessels, tanks etc. Manually or
automatically welded pipes and pipe
fittings.
Guidelines for quality SS-ISO 5317 Arc welded joints of steel

levels for
discontinuities and
form deviations
Table 3-2
Thermal cutting shall be avoided in the plant. When necessary ferritic material shall be
preheated prior to thermal cutting. If thermal cutting is used for preparing of weld bevels,
the edge shall be treated to completely remove the carburised material and the heat
affected zone (HAZ).
For material thickness 0-20 mm the HAZ is considered to have a width of 5 mm

measured from the fusion line. For material thickness above 20 mm the HAZ is
considered to be 10 mm.
Edition: 4
Face (cap)
Filler metal
Fusion line
Parent material
Heat affected
zone (HAZ) Heat affected
zone (HAZ)
Root
Other surfaces, which have undergone thermal cutting, shall be treated to comply with the
requirements of the approved manufacturing documentation. Gouging or other surface
defects shall not be permissible.
In the event of an adverse effect on the mechanical properties resulting from any
manufacturing process or from incorrect working, the properties shall be restored through
heat treatment in accordance with a procedure approved by the purchaser.
All old weld material and heat affected zone shall be removed when connecting against
existing system or equipment,
Supports or other equipment not designed as part of the finished component or part of
component may be welded to the component during manufacture, provided that the
material is identified, is weldable and is suitable for combination with the parent material.
The location of the removed temporary attachments shall be marked on the surface and
the areas shall subsequently be tested by the liquid penetrant or magnetic particle method
in accordance with the requirements of KBM and shall be documented.
3.4.1 Specific Requirements for Stainless Steels and Nickel-based Alloys

Only hand tools, files and polishing materials, stainless steel brushes etc, designed for
working on stainless and nickel-based alloys may be used. Equipment such as jigs,
fixtures etc, shall be provided with sufficient stainless cladding to prevent abrasive
contact with other materials such as carbon steel, copper, bronze, lead, and zinc.
Grinding and blasting of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of welds in austenitic stainless
steels or nickel-based alloys shall require the consent of the purchaser if the zone in
question will subsequently be in contact with BWR-water at a temperature above 100 ºC.
Polishing or wire brushing as well as glass blasting for removal of the surface oxide is
however permitted, and also well sharpened rotating file may be used provided the rpm is
low and thereby avoiding high surface temperatures. Rotating power wire brushing shall
be avoided and may only be used after approval from the purchaser. The purchaser shall
approve all working methods that are used.
Edition: 4
3.4.2 Welding
A company, and any welder employed by it, shall be qualified for welding according to
requirements in KBM. Qualification in accordance with KBM shall also be required for
welding carried out as part of equipment installation. A supplementary welder
qualification as a complement to the authorisation shall be carried out when the purchaser
considers it necessary.
Filler metals shall be adapted to the parent material, tested and documented according to
the requirements in KBM.
Filler materials shall be handled and stored according to the manufacturer’s procedures
approved by the purchaser.
Gas welding must not be employed. Manual gas metal-arc welding (MIG/MAG) may be
employed only with the consent of the purchaser.
A backing bar may be used only with the consent of the purchaser.
In metal-arc welding of low alloy steels using coated electrodes, basic electrodes with
low hydrogen content shall be used.
3.4.3 Fit-up and Tack Welding

Tack welding is allowed in accordance with the following:
• Root tack may remain if longer than 2 x t, however, minimum 6 mm if the material
thickness of the tack < 2.0 mm and the ends are feathered before welding.
• Carried out with a round rod or bridge and welded on the joint surface and removed
by grinding.
• Carried out with clips and welded on both sides outside a finished weld. After
welding, the clips shall be ground away and the surface PT or MT tested and
documented in accordance with the requirements in KBM.
The requirement of approved welding procedure and authorization for welding applies
also for tack welding.
At installation, applicable measures for edge misalignment, bevelling etc shall be fulfilled
in accordance with SS-ISO 5817. Discrepancies shall be reported and corrected.
Permanent discrepancies shall be documented, handed over to the purchaser for
assessment, whereupon the work will be corrected or approved.
3.4.4 Weld Procedure and Welding Data Sheets (WPS)

The manufacturer shall establish welding procedures for the welding operations in
question. The welding procedures shall be based on approved WPAR /Welding
Procedure Approval Record) according to SS-EN 288-1, -2 and -3, with additional
technical requirements if the purchaser so request. The weld procedures shall be approved
by the purchaser.
Edition: 4
The following items shall be included, as applicable:
• Welding method and scope of mechanisation

• Parent material, material thickness, outside diameter, shape (pipes, plates, bars)
• Welding position, type of weld (butt, fillet)
• Type and diameter of filler metal
• Type of shielding gas, gas flow per minute
• Root shielding gas, gas flow per minute, flushing time, number of volume change
• Joint configuration, gap width, weld geometry, welding sequence and width of weld
bead
• Method of cleaning before and after welding
• Requirements relating to cleanliness from oxides
• Requirements to preheating, elevated working temperature, interpass temperature,
heat treatments etc.
• Welding parameters (current type, polarity, current value, arc voltage, welding speed)
3.4.5 Special Requirements of Welded Joints

In respect of external discontinuities and deviations in shape, finished welds in pressure-
retaining and load-bearing components shall, as a minimum, comply with the quality
level B according to SS-ISO 5817 or an equivalent comparable foreign standard.
• In pipes of DN<10, the height of the root reinforcement shall not exceed 10 % of the
inside diameter of the pipe.
• Prior to the ultrasonic testing the weld reinforcement shall be ground flat to a surface
roughness better than Ra 16µm.
• Surfaces adjoining to welds to be ultrasonically tested (according to inspection plan)
shall have a surface roughnessbetter than Ra 16 µm. If possible, even within a straight
stretch of 5,5 x t + 30 mm on each side of the weld, where t is the thickness of the
material in mm.
Clad surfaces in low-alloy material to be ultrasonic tested shall have a surface roughness,
equal to or better than Ra 16 µm.
Other weld joints shall comply with the requirements of weld class C in SS-ISO 5817 or
equivalent comparable non-Swedish standard.
The following applies to welds in austenitic stainless steels:

• After welding, the heat affected zone, HAZ, should not be placed in a gap if the
environment consist of BWR-water.
• Welding shall be performed with minimum heat input.
Edition: 4
• Welds shall always be purged with shielding gas on the root side. The requirement
may also apply for welding of lugs or similar depending on the wall thickness and
size of the weld.
• The surface of stainless welds in waterborne process systems shall comply with the
requirements of the purchaser’s weld oxide reference No 17 in Appendix 5. Oxide
reference No 18 may be accepted in the case of other systems. Oxides equivalent to
reference No 19 will not be acceptable.
• A weld bead may not be deposited if the material temperature is above 100 ° C in
primary water system at operating temperature above 100 ° C.
• At installation in the plants and at manufacture of new components the distance
between weld joints reinforcements should be 150 mm and preferably never less than
50 mm.
For weld joints between ferritic steels and austenitic stainless steels, so called
dissimilar joints, the following is applicable:
• Weld filler material shall always be used and the gap between the weld edges shall be
>1,5 mm. Shielding gas shall flush the root side.
• Strive for welding in a workshop and a horizontal position.
• When a welding repair is necessary a repair procedure shall be drawn up and be
approved by the purchaser prior to beginning a repair.
• A repaired weld shall be inspected and documented in accordance with the
requirements in KBM.
Special requirements relating to repairs of stainless welds:
• Welding shall be performed with minimum heat input and in a manner to minimize
the risk for sensitizing.
• A single weld may not undergo more than three local repairs within a length of 50
mm in equipment and piping in waterborne systems operating at temperature above
100 ° C. If more repairs are required a new weld joint shall be prepared, whereby the
heat affected zone (HAZ) shall be removed.
3.4.6 Forming and Straightening

All forming and straightening shall be performed prior to final inspection, i.e. prior to
visual and dimensional checking and non-destructive testing (NDT).
Prior to forming, a forming procedure shall always be approved by the purchaser. In the
cases where qualification of forming procedure is required, the result of the qualification
shall also approved by the purchaser. Procedure and possible qualification reports shall
also be included in the documentation that shall be approved by an accredited inspection
body.
Data in the applicable material standards regarding forming and data from the material
manufacturer shall be observed.
Edition: 4
3.4.6.1 Forming Procedure

The manufacturer shall establish procedures for forming, bending, tube expansion and
major straightening operations. The documentation for the forming shall to applicable
extent contain the following:
• Type of forming and straightening, e.g. cutting-off, preparation of welds, rolling,

induction bending, and hot straightening
• Type of material and stock shape
• Dimension of materials
• Work procedure, equipment, cleanliness requirements before and after forming
• Material forming temperature, cooling temperature, equipment for temperature
measurement
• The effect of the method upon hardness, microstructure, result of intergranular
corrosion testing
• Requirements for post-heat treatment, if any
• Requirements relating to dimensions, ovality, surface condition, and permanent cold
deformation
• Inspection of finally formed components
3.4.6.2 Special Requirements

Austenitic stainless steels shall be supplied in solution heat-treated condition.
Straightening rolling workmanship is acceptable if the hardness is not exceeding 240 HV.
Any cold forming/deformation must not exceed 3 % if the material shall be used in
BWR-water.
Material which have undergone hot forming or hot straightening shall undergo solution
heat treatment in accordance with the steel manufacturer’s instructions.
Cold bending of pipes or pipe fittings for waterborne systems of DN ≥ 50 shall be

followed by a complete solution heat treatment, if the operating temperature exceeds 100
°C and if the deformation after bending exceeds 3 % at any point.
The deformation expressed in percent is (100 x Dy)/2R, where Dy is the outside diameter
of the pipe and R is the mean bending radius.
Cold bending of pipes or pipe fittings for waterborne systems of DN ≤ 40 can be carried
out without complete solution heat treatment if the cold bending takes place without inner
mandrel and the parameters below are followed.
As an alternative a specific qualification of the forming procedure is required in order to

demonstrate that increased risk for cracking or other degrading does not exist.
Permitted radius for cold bending of pipes of austenitic stainless steels without
succeeding solution heat treatment:
Edition: 4
Type of pipe Pipe dimension Bending radius
All ≤ DN40 ≥ 5 x Dy
Intermediate drainage1 ≤ DN25 ≥ 3,5 x Dy
Process pipes1 ≤ DN10 ≥ 3,5 x Dy
Process pipes1,2 DN10 - DN - 25 ≥ 3,5 x Dy
1 Applicable for materials with low carbon contents.

2 Not applicable for lines inside BWR containment that cannot be isolated.
It is recommended that, if possible, also process piping with a dimension of DN ≤ 40, that
cannot be isolated from the process, are being heat treated after bending.
For pressure-retaining ferritic steels the following shall apply:

• Ferritic materials subject to cold deformation exceeding 5 % shall be normalised.
However, normalisation shall not be required if the risk of harmful embrittlement
from cold deformation does not exist.
• Cold bending of pipes and pipe fittings may take place if the mean bending radius R ≥
4 x Dy and DN ≤ 50 mm. Low alloy steels must not be cold bent without
demonstrating that there is no risk for harmful embrittlement.
3.4.7 Heat treatment

Heat treatment shall be performed by companies authorised according to the provisions
of KBM.
The scope of heat treatment shall be as specified in RN, Chapter 12.3 and in SS 06 45 10
respectively or in equivalent comparable foreign standards, if these have been approved
by the purchaser and for applicable parts by an accredited inspection body.
Heat treatment shall be performed prior to final inspection.
3.4.7.1 Heat treatment Procedure

Where appropriate, a heat treatment procedure shall be established by the supplier and
shall to applicable extent contain the following:
• Type of heat treatment equipment such as furnace and induction heating equipment
• Type and location of temperature measuring devise.
• Recording equipment for time-temperature sequences
• Atmosphere, insulation materials, cleanliness requirements
• Heat treatment range of item with respect to temperature and holding time
• Heating rate
• Cooling rate
Edition: 4
• Procedures to be followed in the event of interruption in the heat treatment

• Any procedure for pickling
Requirements for calibration records, etc. with respect to temperature measuring and
laboratory equipment
Provisions in the relevant material standard as well as the steel manufacturer's

recommendations relating to heat treatment shall be observed.
Heat treatment procedures shall be approved by the purchaser prior to commencement of

the heat treatment.
3.4.7.2 Thickness of cladding

When compound steel or deposition welded material is used the thickness of the cladding
must be at least 3 mm after machining.
3.4.8 Marking
Manufacturers of components and component parts shall be responsible that material or
objects cannot be interchanged and that the relationship between material and certificate
is constantly maintained until inspection of the finished component or component part
has been completed and documented by the parties responsible, in accordance with the
inspection plan.
When dividing material the supplier shall ensure that the marking is transferred to all
parts.
Marking of material parts or objects shall be carried out in a manner that the marking will
remain permanent without adversely affecting the function of the component or the
material properties. When marking stainless steels or nickel-based materials the
marker/paint shall be free from halogens. Marking should be carried out with e.g. an ink
jet writer, a vibrograph pen, a blunt-nosed steel stamp or ASME dotted stamp. In the
case of material thickness < 5 mm a blunt-nosed stamp or ASME dotted stamp must not
be used.
In the case of pressure-bearing material items which cannot be marked for functional
reasons, and in the case of small items where only material identification certificate is
required, individual marking may be replaced by package marking which shall be applied
according to QA procedures approved by the purchaser.
Edition: 4
3.5 Cleanliness, Packing and Protection
3.5.1 Cleanliness
Components of austenitic stainless steel in contact with high temperature water shall have
cleanliness as specified by the purchaser. Normally the requirements are maximum 300
µg/dm² each for chloride and sulphate. A high standard of cleanliness shall be attained
during all stages of manufacture and installation and during testing, storage, packaging
and transport. A good cleanliness during all manufacturing stages and intermediate
storage is necessary to guarantee a good final cleanliness.
Components, which may come in contact with BWR- or PWR (primary water) -water,
shall fulfil the requirements for cleanlinessaccording to ABM. It is the obligation of the
manufacturer to submit to the purchaser his procedures for cleaning and cleanliness
inspection and also to document the achieved results.
In the case of austenitic stainless steels, measures shall also be taken to prevent
contamination by halogens, carbon steels, copper, zinc, lead and other heavy metals.
For blasting materials, intended for blasting of austenitic stainless steel, clean glass balls
are preferred and which not previously have been used for blasting of any other type of
material. If any other blasting material is used, it must not have any metallographic
influence.
Wire brushes used for cleaning austenitic stainless steels shall be of the same material,
and shall not previously have been used for cleaning other materials.
All surfaces shall be free of visible contamination and loose particles. A thin, unspotted,
adhesive oxide film formed on clean surfaces in the course of heat treatment in an oil-free
or carbon-free atmosphere may be tolerated, as may an extremely thin layer of corrosion
on carbon steel surfaces. On outside surfaces of stainless steel, not in contact with media,
a limited number of small paint spots, rust flakes and remnants of ink markings, may be
tolerated.
3.5.2 Corrosion Protection

The manufacturer shall submit a corrosion protection program to the purchaser as part of
corrosion protection in connection with pressure testing, functional testing and tightness
testing.
Surfaces of carbon steel, normally in contact with media, shall be temporarily protected
by applying a product approved by the purchaser.
Unless otherwise specified, the supplier shall submit a pre-treatment and painting
program to the purchaser.
Inorganic surface coating by zinc coating of fasteners in carbon steel shall be made
according to TBY, chapter 1, item 1.219. The risk for hydrogen embrittlement shall be
observed.
Inorganic surface coating by zinc coating of other carbon steel shall be made according to
TBY, chapter 4, item 4.48.
Edition: 4
3.5.3 Preservation
The supplier shall submit a preservation program to the purchaser in cases in which the
latter requires a component to be preserved prior to delivery.
3.5.4 Storage and Transport

Transport and delivery of components to the purchaser shall be carried out under such
conditions and with such packaging that the risks of damages, corrosion and
contamination are avoided. Nozzles and machined surfaces must be particularly well
protected.
Stainless materials shall be stored indoors on a clean and dry ground.
Materials of austenitic stainless steel and nickel-based alloys must not be in contact with
packaging, tape etc, containing halogens leachable in water.
All openings shall be covered and sealed with suitable plugs or covers of material free
from halogens. Sealing shall be carried out immediately after cleanliness inspection.
Components shall be completely dry and clean on delivery, and shall be provided with
the internal corrosion protection stipulated by the purchaser.
Edition: 4
3.6 Documentation and Delivery
3.6.1 Necessary Documentation at Tender

The tender shall submit a complete documentation in at least two copies, in the form of
drawings, brochures, documents for the scope of inspection etc. in order to satisfy the
purchaser’s request for information in the invitation for tender.
In the tender documents it shall be specified whether the equipment in some respect
deviates from the requirements in the TBM and the invitation for tender. The tender
documents shall also include information about limitations of the scope of inspection or
any desire to use other inspection methods than those stated in the KBM delivered by the
purchaser.
3.6.2 Necessary Documentation before Manufacture

The information below shall be sent in three copies to the purchaser for approval.
• Drawings and calculations according to the TBM and KBM in question.

• Procedures for welding, forming and heat treatment.
• Complementary component data of the delivered component specification.
• Other procedures requested by the purchaser.
The drawings shall include at least the information being specified in the component-
related provisions in Chapter 4 and in prescribed codes and standards.
The manufacturer shall be responsible for all approved documentation for design and
manufacture to be listed in a special document, in which the document names and
numbers with the relevant revision of the approved documentation are clearly evident.
This register of relevant documentation for design and manufacture shall be updated by
the manufacturer during the entire manufacturing process and be part of the final
documentation.
Additionally a detailed inspection documentation shall be delivered to the purchaser to an

extent specified in the KBM.
3.6.3 Documentation of Deviations during Manufacture

All deviations from approved documentation for manufacture and inspection, agreed
upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer, shall be reported in deviation reports. The
deviation report shall be approved by the purchaser before carrying out corrective action.
All repairs by welding shall be documented by the manufacturer.
3.6.4 Delivery of Technical Documentation

Final documentation shall be sent to the purchaser in the course of the delivery of the
equipment. The contents and performance of the documentation shall be settled in
consultation between the purchaser and the supplier.
Edition: 4
4 OBJECT SPECIFIC REGULATIONS
4.1 Piping
4.1.1 Introduction
This part of the Technical Regulations for Mechanical Equipment (TBM) contains the
specific requirements made on piping of the quality classes 1-3, 4A and 4.
Detailed data are evident from the specific Piping Specification, TSM, see Appendix 4.
4.1.2 Material - Restrictions and Limitations

According to Chapter 3.
4.1.3 Design and Calculation

4.1.3.1 General
Whenever the supplier shall be responsible for the detailed design, he shall submit
drawings and calculations for material thicknesses according to requirements stated
below. All the drawings for manufacture and any calculations produced by the supplier
shall be approved by the purchaser.
The supplier shall prepare design drawings for prefabricated piping according to
instructions in RN Chapter 11.3.2.
Piping should be illustrated isometrically.
The number of weld joints shall be minimized.
Main dimensions, bevels, tolerances, corrosion allowances shall conform to the piping
specification and drawings. Deviations shall be approved in writing by the purchaser.
Pipes and fittings of quality classes 1 and 2 should be seamless.
The tolerances on prefabricated erection units shall satisfy the requirements in SS-EN
ISO 13920 class C (DIN 8570 Blatt 1, Klasse C). If closer tolerances are required, this
will be evident from the purchaser’s requirements.
Weld joints in steel shall be made according to SS-ISO 9692 or according to the
purchaser’s requirements.
In case of dissimilar joints, a gap of 1,5 mm shall be provided between the weld ends
before the welding starts and welding shall always be made in a horizontal position and if
possible in a bench.
If there is any buttering at manufacturing or assembling it should appear from the

drawing or WPS.
After the purchaser’s approval socket welds can be used. These shall then be designed as
shown in Figure 4-2.
Edition: 4
When making circular welded joints, care shall be taken to ensure that the permissible
values for edge misalignment, tapering etc, will be maintained according to the following.
Both cases may be combined.
If a measurement report for erection joints to an existing installation are enclosed in the
piping specification, the pipe end to be connected shall be adjusted to these measures in
order to maintain the permissible edge misalignment.
Permissible edge misalignment
outside s≤5 h ≤ 0,5 * s, max 1 mm

5 < s ≤ 10 h ≤ 0,2 * s
s >10 h ≤ 0,1 * s + 1, however, max 4 mm
inside s≤5 h ≤ 0,5 * s, max 1 mm
s>5 h ≤ 0,05 * (s - 5) + 1, however, max 2 mm
When machining is required the following is valid for objects which are not subject to in-
service inspection:
outside - taper ≤ 18o
-r≥6
- L = k, if h ≤ 5
- L ≥ k + 10 in other cases.
inside - taper ≤ 14 o
-r≥6
- L = ½ gap, if h ≤ 3
- L ≥ 10 in other cases.
h = inside and outside edge misalignment

s = thinnest wall thickness
k = half the joint width
L = distance between the joint centre and the beginning of the taper
r = radius between taper and L
measures in mm
Edition: 4
Figure 4-1
Figure 4-2
If machining is required (see Figures 4-3 – 4-7) the following is valid for objects which
are subject to in-service inspection so that they may be inspected with regard to
intergranular corrosion (IGSCC)4 according to the general qualified ultrasonic
procedures:
outside - taper ≤ 18º

- r≥6
- a- and b-measures shown below
inside - taper ≤ 14º

- r≥6
- a- and b-measures shown below
4
For inspection with regard to other types of defect mechanism the geometric shaping must be decided from case to
case.
Edition: 4
r = radius between taper and a-measure or b-measure in mm

a- and b-measures = necessary distance for in-service inspection in mm
t, t1 and t2 = wall thickness
F = distance between the point for the out-signal and the backside of the transducer (in
general the value of 13 mm is used)
k = half the joint width
Note:
For design of taper in connection to butt welds the design rules for outside and inside
taper 1 must be fulfilled, unless otherwise agreed upon.
Outside
Rakrör
a a
t
Utvändig fasning 1
a a
t
3.9 < t = 6 a = 3t + 25 + F
6 < t = 11 a = 3t + 15 + F
11 < t = 40 a = 2.75t + 10 + F
Figure 4-3
(Rakrör = Straight pipe

Utvändig fasning 1 = Outside taper 1)
Edition: 4
Utvändig fasning 2
a
t1
t
Detta utförande förutsätter att framräknad utifrån

angivna tjocklekar är <18°, enligt nedanstående formel:
3( 1 ) 1
= arctan x
3 1 tan 45
3.9 < t = 6 a = 3t1 + 25 + F

6 < t = 11 a = 3t1 + 15 + F
11 < t = 40 a = 2.75t1 + 10 + F
Figure 4-4
(Utvändig fasning 2 = Outside taper 2

Detta utförande förutsätter att framräknad α utifrån angivna tjocklekar är ≤18 º, enligt
nedanstående formel = This design assumes that calculated α from stated thicknesses are
≤18 º, according to the formula below)
Edition: 4
T-stycke
T<100°
t1 a
b
t2
3.9 < t = 6 a = 3t 2 + 25 + F b = 3t 1 + 25 + F
6 < t = 11 a = 3t 2 + 15 + F b = 3t 1 + 15 + F
11 < t = 40 a = 2.75t 2 + 10 + F b = 2.75t 1 + 10 + F
(T-stycke = Tee)
Figure 4-5
Edition: 4
Invändig fasning 1
a
t
3.9 < t = 6 a = 3t + 25 +F b = 25 + 2t
6 < t < 11 a = 3t + 15 +F b = 15 + 2t
11 < t < 25 a = 2.75t + 10 + F b = 10 + 2t
25 < t = 40 a = 2.75t + 10 + F b = 10 + k
(Invändig fasning 1 = Inside taper 1)
Figure 4-6
Edition: 4
Invändig fasning 2
a
t1
Krav: <14°
cos -1
3.9 < t = 6 a = 2.75t1+( 1 ) + 25 + F
sin
cos -1
6 < t = 11 a = 2.75t1+( 1 ) + 15 + F
sin
cos -1
11 < t = 40 a = 2.75t1+( 1 ) + 10 + F
sin
(Invändig fasning 2 = Inside taper 2

Krav = Requirement)
Figure 4-7
Beyond this the following recommendations may be given:
1. These design rules are general and optimization of a- and b-measures may be done by
variation of the angle and transducer design according to the requirements in the
procedure. As required respectively quality department may be contacted to obtain
information.
2. When designing tees which will be inspected concerning thermal fatigue contact
should be taken with the quality department/test laboratory for discussions about the
geometric design.
3. Complete volumetric inspection may exist at the defect type of mechanical fatigue
and therefore should inside and outside taper be avoided in immediate connection to
the weld joint since this will complicate the inspection.
4. In connection to new assembling the weld face on the outside of the object should be
smooth ground from inspection point of view with the center of the weld clearly
indicated.
Edition: 4
4.1.3.2 Design of Seals

The demands on tightness in relation to the surroundings are expressed by stating the
tightness class. The tightness classes employed are P, S and K. The highest demands on
tightness are stated in class P (Primary Medium). Lower demands on tightness are stated
in class S (Secondary Medium). Tightness class K represents conventional sealing
arrangements.
The guidelines for design of flange seals are stated below:

Class P: Spiral wound gasket in grooves or with an outside and inside support ring.
Suitable built-in metallic seals may also be used.
Class S: Spiral wound gasket in grooves or with an outside and inside support ring.
A simple flat gasket may be used if the operating pressure falls below 2
MPa.
Class K: Conventional designs
Threaded pipe fittings may only be used to a limited extent. (Cut ring couplings and
compression ring couplings are not regarded as threaded pipe fittings).
No threaded pipe fittings in piping of tightness class P are permissible inside the
containment, and neither are they normally permissible outside the containment. For
tightness class S threaded pipe fittings may be used in drain lines and instrument lines of
DN< 25 (1“NPS). An isolation valve shall then be installed between the pressure-
retaining system and the first threaded pipe fitting. In piping of tightness class K,
threaded pipe fittings can be used in pipes of DN< 25 (1“NPS).
4.1.3.3 Design Calculations and Stress Analysis

In this section general rules for dimension calculations and stress analysis are briefly
presented.
Quality Class 1:
The calculation of piping, pipes and pipe fittings to be carried out according to guidelines
in ASME III NB - 3000.
Quality Classes 2 and 3:

Calculation of piping, pipes and pipe fittings to be carried out according to guidelines in
ASME III NC-3000 or ND3000 respectively or after the purchaser’s approval according
to the Swedish Piping Codes RN78.
Quality Classes 4A and 4 and non-classed equipment:

Swedish code to be applied, e.g. the 1978 Piping Code or, after approval from the
purchaser, equivalent foreign code.
Edition: 4
4.2 Pipes and Fittings
4.2.1 Introduction
specific requirements for pipes and pipe fittings of the quality classes 1-3, 4A and 4.
4.2.2 Branch connections

Unless otherwise specified the design shall be selected according to the table below:
Quality Nominal diameter Design Permissible types for the ratios:

class of branch temperature
connection °C di / Di
≤ 0,5 ≤ 0.8 ≤ 1,0
≤ 100 - T1, T4 T1, T4 T1

1,2 A1, A2, A3 A1
> 100 - T1, T4 T1 T1
A1 A1
- > 120 T1, T2, T3, T4 T1, T2, T3, T4 T1, T2, T3
3, 4A,4 A1, A2, A3, A4 A1
- ≤ 120 T1, T2, T3, T4 T1, T2, T3, T4 T1, T2, T3

A1, A2, A3, A4 A1, A2, A3, A4 A4
Table 4-1
di = inside diameter of the branch connection
Di = inside diameter of the main pipe
TX = Tee with fixed overall length and is connected by circular joints to the main pipe
and the branch pipe. The material thickness is normally greater than that of the main
pipe.
AX = Connection of nozzle or branch to the main pipe.
Edition: 4
Type of branch Description Requirement for quality class

connection
1 2 3,4,4A, AFS
T>120 T≤ 120
Seamless Tee, forged or K5 K5 K5 K5
wrought B1 B2 B2 B2
D1 D1 D2 D2
Seamless Tee wrought out of - - K5 K5

plate and welded - - B2 B2
- - D2 D2
Tee with welded branch. - - K3 K4

Made of seamless pipe. - - B2 B2
- -
Tee with extruded branch. K2 K4 K4 K4

Made of seamless pipe. In B1 B2 B2 B2
classes 3,4A,4 longitudinally D1 D1 D2 D2
welded pipe is allowed as the
raw material.
Sweepolet K5 K5 K5 K5
B1 B2 B2 B2
D1 D1 D2 D2
Extruded branch connection K2 K4 K4 K4

B1 B2 B2 B2
D1 D1 D2 D2
Welded nozzle, the wall K1 K3 K3 K4

thickness of which is greater B1 B2 B2 B2
than that of the branch D1 D1 D2 D2
connection.
Branch pipe welded directly - - K3 K4

to the main pipe - - B2 B2
. - - D2 D2
Edition: 4
Explanations for requirement codes:
Design:
K1) All geometrical requirements according to ASME III, NB-3683.8 shall be satisfied.
If not possible, an investigation according to NB-3681 (d) is required.
K2) The geometrical requirements according to ASME III, NB-3643.3 (f) shall be
satisfied.
K3) Geometrical requirements according to ASME III, NB-3643 shall be satisfied. If

not possible, an investigation according to NB-3673.2 (b) is required.
K4) Geometrical requirements according to RN section 6.3.4 shall be satisfied.
K5) Shall be performed according to a well proven manufacturer’s standard.
Calculations:
B1) The supplier shall carry out calculation of the material thickness, showing that
requirements according to NB-3643 are satisfied. In the case of irregular
reinforcement areas, which may occur, for instance in conjunction with the types
T1 and A1, the method according to NB-3545 may be used.
B2) The supplier shall carry out calculation of the material thickness, demonstrating that
requirements according to RN (Swedish Piping Codes RN78) chapter 6.3 are
satisfied. In the case of irregular reinforcement areas rules according to TRD 301 or
ASME III NC-3643 may be used (see RN paragraph 6.3.9) No calculations are
required in classes 3, 4A or 4 when approval based on type review according to D2
below has been submitted. The same is valid for small dimensions of classes 1 and
2 where a type approval certificate is submitted.
Documentation:
D1) The supplier shall submit drawings specifying the materials, calculation data,
strength values and all dimensions necessary for strength calculations and
manufacturing inspection. The supplier shall also submit the strength calculations
carried out.
D2) The supplier shall submit certificates from type approval certificates, issued by an
accredited inspection body (in the absence of type review approval, according to
D1).
4.2.3 Elbows and Bent Pipes

Bent pipes should be used as extensively as possible, primarily in classes 1 and 2, in
order to minimise the number of welded joints.
The nominal wall thickness of elbows shall be at least equal to the wall thickness of the
connected pipes, in order to avoid local weak sections.
Elbows and bent pipes shall conform to the requirements for material thickness according
to note in RN78, paragraph 6.2.2.
Edition: 4
When determining acceptable material thicknesses for pipe bends in quality class 1 and
other calculated according to ASME, the value tm-A according to ASME III, NB-3641.1,
formula (1) (and corresponding formulas in NC or ND) is thereby used instead of smin.
For elbows applies that required material thickness may be less than the required within a
distance of 0,7 * (Dy * snom)1/2 from the weld joint when necessary for alignment with
the connecting pipe according to 4.1.3.1.
Dy = the nominal outside diameter of the elbow

snom = the nominal material thickness of the elbow
The ovality of the bent pipes and elbows shall in all sections be lower than or equal to 8
%.
The ovality is defined as:

O = (Dmax - D min) *100/Dy
Where: Dmax = largest outside diameter at a specific section

D min = smallest outside diameter at the same section
Dy = nominal outside diameter
The supplier shall submit drawings, specifying the materials and calculation data, and all
dimensions necessary for strength calculations and manufacturing inspection. The
supplier shall also submit strength calculations showing that the requirements according
to note in RN78, paragraph 6.2.2 are satisfied. This submission can be replaced by type
inspection certificate, issued by accredited inspection body.
4.2.4 Reducers
Reducers are normally made as a conical transition piece with fillets according to RN78,
6.5.2. In the design work, care shall be taken to ensure that the reducer will not cause an
unnecessarily high stress riser in the piping. This is achieved by:
• Large fillet radii. At least the conditions according to RN78,6.5.2.3 shall be satisfied.
For reducers in class 1 the radii of the fillets must not fall below = 0.1 * Dymax.
• Moderate cone angle. At least the conditions according to ASME III and RN78 shall
be satisfied, i e α≤60° in class 1 and α≤ 70° in class 2, 3, 4A and 4.
• Cylindrical transition to the connecting pipes. Compare the measures L1 and L2 in fig
NB-3683.6-1 in ASME III.
Straight reducers with DN > 50 (the larger end) according to fig 6:13 in RN are only
permissible in piping of class 2, 3, 4A and 4 with design data not exceeding 2 Mpa or
o
200° C. The cone angle shall be α≤ 45 according to RN78 6.5.3.4.
Edition: 4
Calculations of the material thickness for reducers of class 1 are carried out according to
RN78 6.5.2, whereby the formulas 6:20 and 6:21 are modified according to the
following:
6:20 smin = Dymax * p * y/ (20 * 1.35 * Sm + 0.8 * p)
smin however must not be chosen smaller than according to the following calculation:
6:21 smin = Do * p * m / (20 * Sm * z + 0.8 * p)
Sm = Allowable stress intensity according to ASME III, in N/mm².
Other designations are defined in RN78, 6.5.
For reducers in class 2, 3, 4A and 4, calculations according to 6.5 in RN78 are to be

carried out.
The supplier shall submit drawings, specifying the materials and design data, and all
supplier shall also submit strength calculations demonstrating that the requirements
according to the above mentioned calculation of smin are satisfied.
This submission can be replaced by a type inspection certificate issued by an accredited

inspection body.
4.2.5 Flanged Connections

Chapter 4.1.3 must be taken into account when the type of sealing is selected.
Preference shall be given to standard flanges of forged type, designed for butt welding to
the connected pipe. Plain welded flanges and slip on flanges of the type shown in, for
instance ASME III figure XI-3120-1 should only be employed in piping of classes 3, 4A
and 4. For such flanges, the dimension of welds and other parts shall conform to figure
XI-3120-1 and the dimensions shall be shown on the drawing.
Unless otherwise is stated in the piping specification carbon steel bolts with metric
threads shall be employed, and TKN Chapter 17.5 shall be taken into account at the
choice of material, dimension and type of bolted joints.
In flanged joints of carbon steel, bolts and nuts shall be made of carbon steel. Flanged
joints of stainless steel may have bolted joints of stainless or carbon steel, however, when
choosing carbon steel bolts, the different coefficients of linear expansion shall be
regarded.
Washers shall normally be used under nuts. (In certain designs under bolt heads or under
both bolt heads and nuts). Stainless flanges shall be provided with washers of stainless
material and should have a minimum hardness of HV 260. Flanges of carbon steel shall
be provided with washers of carbon steel and should have a minimum hardness of HV
210.
Flanged joints are calculated according to the requirements in RN section 6.9.
Edition: 4
Piping forces shall be taken into account according to formula 6:43 in RN, whereby the
axial force F normally can be disregarded. If the pipe forces are not known when the
flanged joints are selected, no more than 75 % of the maximum permissible stresses
should be utilised, in order to obtain a reasonable margin for the pipe forces. If the pipe
forces are known and taken into account and when the initial compression of the gasket is
the design load condition, the maximum permissible stresses may be utilised, i e σ 1 and
σ 3 for flanges may amount to 1.6 * σ ber and σ b2 may amount to 1.1 * σ ber.
Pipe flanges (standard) shall be marked according to SMS 2022 or equal foreign
standard, e g DIN 2519.
The supplier shall submit drawings, specifying the materials and calculation particulars
and tightening torques and all dimensions necessary for strength calculations and
manufacturing inspection to the extent that such dimensions do not accord with well
known standards. On request the supplier shall also submit calculations or other
considerations showing that the requirements are satisfied. He shall also submit the
background to the prescribed tightening torques.
4.2.6 Heads/Caps in pipe system

Heads will normally be deeply dished, i e either in the form of an ellipsoidal head with h-
s ≥ 0.25 * Di or as an equal torispherical head with h-s ≥ 0.25 * Di, R ≤ * 0.9 Di and r ≥
0.17 * Di, where Di - Dy - 2s and h, R, r, Dy and s are defined in TKN, Chapter 10.
Flat heads > DN50 according to TKN, Chapter 25 may be used only for piping of quality
o
class 2, 3, 4A, and 4 with design data not exceeding 2 Mpa or 200 C and also in
connection with temporary seals in other systems, e g in connection with pressure testing
of a system section.
Heads in quality class 1 are designed according to ASME III, Article A-4000.
Heads in quality class 2 and 3 are designed according to ASME III, Article 4000, Chapter
10 or Chapter 25 in TKN.
Heads in class 4A and 4 are designed according to Chapter 10 or Chapter 25 in TKN.
The supplier shall submit drawings, specifying the materials and design data, and all
supplier shall also submit strength calculations demonstrating that the requirements are
satisfied. This submission can be replaced by type inspection certificate, issued by
accredited inspection body.
4.2.7 Welding Lugs for Steel Pipes

Stop lugs shall be welded to pipes where axial location of supports, insulation etc is
required. The recommended design of lugs and requirements and limitations for their use
are given here.
Where several lugs are needed at a given fixing point, they shall in principle be oriented
according to Figure 4-8. Care shall also be taken to ensure that lugs do not interfere with
the bolts for tightening flanges on clamps.
Edition: 4
If possible, lugs should be mounted so that they are in contact with clamp element
secured to the guide shoe. If the lug is fitted to the removable half of the clamp, the force
transmitted to the shoe will act unfavourably and uncontrolled.
Lugs will not normally be required on small pipes (DN<50). Where lugs are required on
pipes with a wall thickness less than the 2.9 mm shown in Figure 4-8, the thickness of the
lug and the permissible load should be reduced to such an extent that good welding
conditions are retained, thus avoiding a tendency to collapse due to shrinkage of the
material.
When lugs are to be welded at installation, care must be taken to ensure that that the
clams can be dismantled sufficiently in order to enable welding, cleaning and possible
painting.
Lugs shall be placed in such a way that the weld joints are accessible for the inspection
method in question at in-service inspection (ISI).
Permitted load and dimensions for welding lugs:
Permitted load Thickness of tube L (mm) H (mm) B (mm) R (mm)

per lug (kN) wall t (mm)
3 ≥ 2,9 30 15 6 6
8 2,9-5,9 60 15 6 6
20 5,9-10 60 20 15 10
30 >10 60 20 15 10
70/1505 12,5-14 125 25 25 18
70/2105 >14 125 25 25 18
5
The higher values refer to ”Faulted Condition”
Edition: 4
Figure 4-8
4.2.8 Other Pipe Fittings

Other parts not covered by items 4.2.2 to 4.2.7 shall be designed, calculated and recorded
according to similar principles. In doubtful cases, the purchaser shall be contacted so that
detailed requirements can be established.
4.2.9 Corrosion Protection and Transport

4.2.9.1 Temporary corrosion protection
Internal carbon steel surfaces of erection units shall be protected against corrosion by
means of a drying agent in bags. The erection units shall be sealed immediately after
cleanliness inspection. External surfaces shall be protected with a suitable dye product or
other corrosion protection agent.
Pressure or tightness testing shall be performed before surface treatment is carried out.
The sealing surfaces of the flanges shall be protected with a water-soluble product.
See TBY.
Edition: 4
4.2.9.2 Corrosion protection
See TBY.
4.2.9.3 Rubber Lining

See TBY.
Material for rubber lining shall be approved by the purchaser.
The surfaces to be rubber-lined shall have a rust degree of B or better according to ISO
8501-1 and shall before rubber-coating be degreased, blasted and cleaned to fulfil the
requirements according to the pretreatment degree Sa 3 according to ISO 8501-1 and be
free from weld pellets, weld spatter, slag and other irregularities and shall have a profile
depth recommended by the rubber supplier in question.
The requirements and recommendations of British Standard BS 6374 Part 1-5 are
applicable.
The thickness of the rubber-lining shall normally be at least 4 mm.
4.2.9.4 Transport
Sealing surfaces of the flanges shall be protected by e g a rubber packing clamped with a
thick plywood disc, bolted to the flange.
Openings shall be provided with protection covers.
At delivery, the component shall be completely dry and corrosion protected on the inside
according to the above.
Edition: 4
4.3 Valves
4.3.1 Introduction
This part of the “Technical Regulations for Mechanical Equipment (TBM) contains the
requirements made on valves of quality class 1, 2, 3, 4A and 4. Detailed data are given in
the valve specification, TSM, drawn up for each individual valve.
4.3.2 Materials - Restrictions and Limitations

4.3.2.1 Material for Internal Parts
The chrome content (Cr) shall be >15 % in stainless steel valve spindles.
The hardness in valve spindles of tempered martensitic steel must not exceed 280 HV.
Globe, seat or other internal parts must not consist of or be lined with alloys of cobalt. In
systems not connected to any reactor system, cobalt can be accepted.
4.3.2.2 Gasket Material - Stuffing Box Packing

In stuffing boxes expanded graphite shall normally be used unless otherwise is specified
by the purchaser.
In valves for salt water, PTFE packing shall be used.

The total leachable content at 100o C of organically and inorganically bonded chlorine
and fluorine must not exceed 150 mg per kg and for gaskets of pure graphite 50 mg per
kg.
4.3.2.3 Lubricants
Sulphuric lubricants like e g molybdenum disulphide must not be used in austenitic,
stainless valves in humid environment and temperatures exceeding 100o C. Graphite
based or graphite nickel based lubricants shall preferably be used.

4.3.3.1 General Design Requirements
The supplier shall adapt his valve design so that the type of actuators and limit switches,
proposed by the purchaser, can be used and shall be responsible for correct joint function
of the actuator and valve.
Unless otherwise specified, it shall be possible to subject bellows of bellow sealed valves
to 5000 cycles (max 10 % break probability).
Cv-, k v- or z-values according to SS 1000, VDI/VDE 2173 or ISA S 75.01 should be

noted. The value should be noted with dimension.
Characteristics for flow control valves shall be reported (flow resistance, opening area
etc.).
Edition: 4
All valves shall be designed to facilitate maintenance and dismantling. Particular care
shall be given to all components which directly or indirectly affect the reliability of the
valve.
The valve including its support or the like shall be designed without gaps and pockets to
minimise the risk of corrosion and so that effective corrosion protection e g painting,
galvanising or rubber-lining can easily be applied.
Valves which will be subjected to inservice inspection shall have such a geometric shape
and surface finish that the welded joints can be completely volumetric tested. Only when
this is obviously unrealistic, it may be assumed that the volumetric test will be replaced
by some other method, which in that case shall be specified.
Areas in valve bodies that can be subjected to corrosion or erosion attacks shall be
furnished so the material thickness can be measured from the outside. The purchaser
specifies the valves comprised by this requirement.
All carbon steel surfaces in contact with medium shall be provided with a corrosion
allowance of at least 1 mm, unless otherwise stated in the valve specification.
Valve bodies shall be of such strength that the connecting pipes, and not the valve itself,
will be the limiting factor for the loads in the piping. To achieve this, the following
conditions shall be satisfied:
• Except for weld ends the cross-sectional area and the section module of each cross
section perpendicular to the direction of flow shall be at least 25 % greater than the
corresponding values for the connected pipes.
• The yield strength of the material in the valve body shall, if possible, be at least as
large as that of the material of the connected pipes If the yield strength of the of the
valve body material is lower than that of the pipe material, the necessary section
module and cross-sectional area mentioned above shall be multiplied by the ratio of
the pipe material yield strength to valve material yield strength.
• The yield strength of the weld ends shall be at least as high as that of the connected
pipes.
• Any deviations from the above conditions must be evident in the tender
documentation. For valves in quality class 1 the Sm value shall be used instead of the
yield strength.
All valves provided with stems with the exception of safety valves shall normally be
capable of being in any position. Any limitations in this respect, must always be stated in
the quotation.
Threaded joints, important for the function of the valve, shall normally be provided with
a device for locking the thread mechanically. This device must not increase the risk of
galling and shall be designed to permit reusing of the threaded joint.
The risk of galling shall generally be observed and the principles e. g. differences in
hardness that are applied shall be clearly defined.
Edition: 4
The direction of rotation for a hand wheel or wheel on an actuator shall always be
clockwise to shut the valve. This applies also if the valve is link controlled.
If the function of the valve is dependant on the direction of flow this shall be evident
from a permanent marking on the valve body, by means of an arrow or the like.
Lantern rings and spacer rings in double stuffing boxes shall be made of stainless steel.
Threaded holes for an extracting tool shall always be provided.
Pneumatically actuated valves shall always back-seat in the fully open position, unless
otherwise specified.
Valves specified as being lockable shall only be lockable in the specified position.
Valves shall be designed to prevent dangerous vibrations in globe and stem.
Shut-off valves shall be possible to equip with a continuos, mechanical position

indicating device unless the design of the valve is such that the valve position is evident.
An open or closed valve shall always be possible to read. It shall be possible to equip the
valve with micro switches in “open“ or “closed“ position. The devices for position
indication shall be robust in order to obtain distinct indications.
Valves with stuffing box cover or stuffing box nut shall include provision for re-
tightening the stuffing box packing without the need for dismantling parts of the valve or
the actuator. Replacement of stuffing box packing shall be possible without dismantling
the bonnet of the valve, actuator etc.
Surface finish for valve spindles of this part of the gland shall be so fine (usually ≤ Ra 0.4
µm for graphite tightening) that the wear is minimised on the stuffing box rings and not
have machining grooves perpendicular to the direction of the spindle movement.
4.3.3.2 Connections
Connections shall be adapted to fit the connected pipes. The sizes of connected pipes are
specified in the valve specification.
Location of the leak-off, pressure relief, drainage and tightness testing branches shall be
separately specified.
For connections with flanges the following is applicable:
For quality classes 1 and 2 standard flanges must be of at least pressure class PN 16 even
if the design pressure is lower. For quality classes 3 and 4A pressure class PN 10 is
correspondingly applicable.
If the design temperature exceeds 200o C bolts and both the flange halves shall be made
of material with the same coefficient of linear expansion. However, carbon steel bolts
may be used in stainless flanges if a suitable compensation is arranged for the difference
in the coefficient of linear expansion.
The risk for unloading (leakage) or overloading of gaskets and bolts shall be particularly
regarded at flange joints subjected to temperature changes.
Edition: 4
210.

The demands on tightness in relation to the surroundings is expressed in the valve
specification by stating the tightening class. The tightening classes employed are P, S and
K. The highest demands on tightness are stated in class P (Primary Medium). Lower
demands on tightness are stated in class S (Secondary Medium). Tightness class K
represents conventional sealing arrangements.
The guidelines for design of seals in tightness class P and S are given in the following:
The guidelines for design of seals are stated below:
Flanges:
Class P: Spiral wound gasket in grooves or with an outside and inside support
ring. If DN larger than 50 the joint may be prepared for seal welding.
Suitably built-in metallic seals may also be used.
Class S: Spiral wound gasket in grooves or with an outside and inside support
ring. A simple flat gasket may be used if the operating pressure falls
below 2 Mpa.
Connections between the valve body and the bonnet:

Class P: Spiral wound gasket in grooves. Self tightening bonnets can be
accepted provided that double seals with drainage between them are
used.
Class S: Built-in plane gaskets or O-ring seals. If operation pressure falls
below 2 Mpa, the requirement for the packing to be built-in does not
exist. For valves of DN 50 and below, metallic O-rings and metallic
seals may be used.
Gland packing:
Class P Globe valves DN 65 (2½“NPS) or smaller shall have a bellow seal
supplemented by a simple stuffing box. For valves with DN 15
(½“NPS) and smaller no stuffing box is required. Other steel valves
shall have double stuffing boxes with drainage between them but
deviations can be approved by the purchaser.
Class S: Simple stuffing box unless otherwise specified.
Each seal of double configuration shall be capable of maintaining the sealing function on
its own. The drainage between double seals is only required to indicate incipient leakage.
Stuffing box drainage must not be connected internally in the valve with the bonnet
flange drainage.
Where technically suitable, all valves with an axially movable stem should be provided
with back-seating to prevent leakage into the stuffing box when the valve is entirely open.
The back-seating shall be of the same quality regarding the tightness etc, as the sealing
surfaces of the closing device.
Edition: 4

The design data and loads required for design and strength calculations of valves are
specified by the purchaser in the valve specification and its appendices
At strength calculation of motor-driven valves in quality class 1, categories 1 and 2 shall

be designed against actuation forces at faulty moment / chip moment. This needs not to
be combined with other breakdown loads, nevertheless with design pressure and
temperature.
All calculations shall be reported in a clear and legible manner, showing clearly sources,
references, drawings, part numbers etc. The documentation shall be reviewable. Earlier
calculations, showing that the valve is acceptable for loads that are higher than those
specified may be reported.
Valve fittings shall be divided into categories 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 according to the detailed
instructions below:
• Pressure-retaining shells belong to category 1, i e body, bonnet, globe and parts

welded to the valve, such as nozzles etc.
• Category 2 shall include pressure-retaining screwed joints, i e generally joints
between valve bodies and bonnets or between valve bodies and covers.
• Category 3 includes internal and external valve fittings, primarily load bearing
without therefore belonging to the pressure-retaining shell, e g stem (in ball valves
also the trunnion), load bearing connection between stem and the disc (gate), load
bearing ring for pressure sealing cover, guide for gate, seat ring (if it is primarily load
bearing), gland flange and gland bolts.
• Category 4 shall include springs of importance for the function of the valve e.g.
spring in pneumatic actuator, return springs in valves actuated by the medium and
springs for seat rings in bell valves.
• Category 5 shall include the yoke with fastening equipment.
In this Chapter the designations standard valves and special valves are used with the
following significance:
• Standard valves are valves of proven design, previously manufactured without

problems, of the same material and being used with identical actuators as the valve in
question and being subjected to the same severe operational conditions (i e
temperature, pressure, including differential pressure, flow rates, number of
actuations, actuation speeds etc) as the specified valves. The purchaser reserves the
right to request references or other documentation which justifies classification as a
standard valve.(Compare with RN item 6.10.4).
• Special valves are valves not classified as standard valves according to the above
definition.
Calculations shall always be presented for valves in quality class 1 and in quality classes
2 and 3 for DN > 100. Calculations for other valves to be presented if requested in
purchase order.
Edition: 4
4.3.3.5 Design of valves in quality class 1:

Loads within the limits corresponding to “Design Loadings“ and “Level A“ and “Level
B“ according to ASME III NB-3220 shall not influence the function and tightness of a
valve.
Calculations shall be carried out for transient loads according to ASME III NB-3550 or
NB-3200.
Valve parts belonging to category 1:
Category 1 parts shall satisfy relevant sections of ASME III NB-3500.
Additional items stated below are applicable:
The Sm-value shall be the smallest of:
• 1/3 of least specified ultimate tensile strength at room temperature (Rm).

• 2/3 of the minimum specified yield strength (Rp0.2) at room temperature.
• 2/3 of the yield strength (or Rp0.2) at the relevant temperature for ferritic steel and 90
% of Rp0.2 at the relevant temperature for austenitic steel.
When determining the minimum wall thickness according to ASME III NB-3543, the
material used shall be compared with an “ASME III material“ with equivalent strength
values.
Category 2 parts shall satisfy ASME III NB-3546.1.
However, permissible bolt stress for “Design Conditions“ and thereby necessary bolt area
according to ASME III XI-3222 deviates from European practice and in cases where this
should cause extensive modifications of valve types normally used, it can be accepted
that Sa and Sb according to ASME III XI-3222 be replaced by 2 x Sm where Sm is
determined as shown below. Sa in ASME III XI-3223, equation (4), shall thereby
naturally also be replaced by 2 x Sm.
The Sm value for bolts is determined as the smallest of:
• 1/3 of the yield strength (Rp0.2) at the relevant question.

• 1/4 of least specified ultimate tensile strength at room temperature (Rm).
Calculation of the necessary tightening torque for bolted joints in category 2 shall be
included in the calculation report.
Edition: 4
For parts of category 3 an analysis of primary stresses shall show that the conditions in
ASME III NB-3546 are satisfied with respect to all mechanical loads. Section loads are
determined with simple equilibrium relationship. The stresses are calculated with
elementary formulas for normal or bend stresses. Local stresses caused by contact
pressure in, e g, seat surfaces need not thus be reported.
Valve parts belonging to categories 4 and 5:
For fittings of categories 4 and 5, an analysis shall be reported to demonstrate that they
are adequate for the application in question. The analysis shall include an evaluation of
overload and fatigue risks.
4.3.3.6 Design of Valves in Quality Classes 2 or 3:

Valve parts of categories 1 and 2:
For special valves calculations or other documentation shall be reported to confirm that
the dimensions of parts of category 1 and 2 are acceptable with regard to design data.
ASME III Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, NB-3543 and NB-3545.1, DIN
3840 or other acceptable, verified method should be used for calculations. Other basic
documentation may consist of, for instance, results from stress measurements.
Bolted joints shall satisfy TKN Chapter 17 and 18.
Valve parts belonging to categories 3, 4 and 5:
For special valves, an analysis shall be reported which demonstrates that the parts of
categories 3, 4 and 5 are acceptable for the application in question.
4.3.3.7 Design of Valves in Quality Classes 4A and 4:

Valve parts belonging to categories 1 and 2:
For special valves, calculations or other documentation shall be recorded in order to

verify that dimensions of parts of category 1 and 2 are acceptable with respect to design
data. ASME III Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, NB-3543 and NB-3545.1,
DIN 3840 or other acceptably verified method should be used for calculations. Other
basic documentation may consist of, for instance, results from stress measurements.
Bolted flange joints shall satisfy TKN Chapter 17 and 18.
4.3.4 Manufacturing
Valves shall be marked in accordance with SS-EN 19. Safety valves shall however be
marked according to ISO-4126. The valves shall also be marked with component
numbers specified by the purchaser.
Pressure-retaining valve parts shall be marked with serial number or the like to be
identified in the inspection documentation.
The valve body shall be permanently marked with an arrow or the like indicating the flow
direction if the function of the valve is dependant of the direction of flow.
Edition: 4

4.3.5.1 General
Pressure testing and tightness testing according to the inspection plan shall be carried out
before surface treatment takes place.
4.3.5.2 Temporary Corrosion Protection

Valves intended for oil shall not be protected with water soluble product
4.3.5.3 Corrosion Protection

See TBY.
4.3.5.4 Rubber-lining
See TBY.
Rubber-lining material shall be approved by the purchaser.
The surfaces to be rubber-coated shall have a rust degree of B or better according to ISO
8501-1 and shall before rubber-coating be degreased, blasted and cleaned to fulfil the
applicable.
4.3.5.5 Transport
thick plywood disc, secured by bolts on the flange.
4.3.6 Documentation and Delivery

4.3.6.1 Documentation Necessary on Tendering
The documentation shall at least include the following information:
• General design and installation dimensions.

• Materials (designation according to relevant standard).
• Pressure class, alternatively operation or design data.
• cv-, kv-, or z- values according to 4.3.3.
• For control valves: characteristic and max cv- value.
• Total weight and center of gravity with and without actuators.
• Programme for cleaning, corrosion protection and painting.
Edition: 4
• Corrosion protection and painting according to the supplier’s standard, see TBY,
chapter 1, section 1.3.
• Inadmissible erection positions.
• Direction of flow.
• Recommended spare parts.
• Material and type of gaskets.
The quotation documents shall clearly state if the offered valve in some respect deviates
from the requirements in the valve specification and this TBM.
4.3.6.2 Documentation Necessary before Manufacturing

The required manufacturing documentation that shall be approved by the Purchaser is
specified in KBM.
The below component-depending information shall be sent to the Purchaser for approval.
• Final pressure drop

• Specifications for actuators
• Calculations
The drawings shall at least include the information stated below in addition to the
information required in relevant codes and standards:
• The name of the plant and the purchaser’s component designation.

• Assembly drawing and detailed drawings with reference to a valid inspection plan,
calculations, WPS etc.
• Parts list with material designations according to applicable standards.
• Procedures for welding, forming, heat treatment, etc.
• Connection dimensions.
• Other dimensions necessary for calculations (thicknesses of walls and flanges,
internal dimensions, radii, dimensions of nozzles and bolts, joint types, welding joint
efficiency factors for butt welding, etc).
• Pressure class and design data.
• Allowance for corrosion and abrasion.
• Pressure for pressure testing.
• Stuffing box dimensions.
• Arrow indicating direction of flow.
• Back seating design.
• Quality class, tightness class.
• Tightening torque for bolts.
All measures necessary for normal service.
Edition: 4
• Interlocks
• Corrosion protection
4.3.6.3 Final Documentation

Technical component documentation shall contain basic drawings with information
according to above. It shall also contain instructions for operation and maintenance.
These instructions shall include information such as maintenance intervals, lubricating
instructions and overhaul instructions.
Other final documentation according to KBM.
A general functional description for control valves and valves actuated by the medium
flowing through them shall be enclosed.
Edition: 4
4.4 Pumps
4.4.1 Introduction
This section of Technical Regulations for Mechanical Equipment (TBM) includes the
requirements made on pumps of quality classes 2, 3, 4A and 4. Detailed data are evident
from the specific pump specification, TSM, drawn up for each individual pump.

4.4.2.1 Material for Internal Parts
Parts for sea water pumps may be manufactured from copper alloys. Aluminium bronze
or tin bronze should preferably be chosen. For austenitic stainless steels the molybdenum
content shall be more than 6 % and for ferrite - austenitic (duplex) stainless steels the
molybdenum content shall exceed 4 %.
The chrome (Cr) content shall be >15 % in stainless steel pump shafts.
The hardness must not exceed 280 HV in pump parts of toughened martensitic steel
4.4.2.2 Material for Gland Packing

The material in mechanical gland packing shall be selected in consultation with the
purchaser.
4.4.2.3 Gasket Material - Stuffing Box Packing

In stuffing boxes graphite gaskets shall normally be used unless otherwise is specified by
the purchaser.
The total leachable content at 100o C of organically and inorganically bonded chlorine
and fluorine must not exceed 150 mg per kg and for gaskets of pure graphite 50 mg per
kg.
4.4.2.4 Lubricants
Sulphuric lubricants like e g molybdenum disulphide must not be used in austenitic,
stainless valves in humid environment and temperatures exceeding 100°C. Graphite
based or graphite nickel based lubricants shall preferably be used.

4.4.3.1 General Design Criteria
The supplier shall adapt his design that the type of actuators and position switches,
proposed by the purchaser, can be used.
All pumps shall be designed to facilitate maintenance and dismantling. Great care shall
be devoted to all details which, directly or indirectly, affect the reliability of the pump. It
shall be observed that maintenance normally can be carried out only once a year.
The pump including the support and foundation shall have no gaps and pockets, so that
the risk for corrosion will be minimised and so that an effective corrosion protection, e g
painting, galvanising or rubber-lining can be easily applied.
Components with a weight exceeding 25 kg shall be provided with lifting lugs or other
suitable device to facilitate repairs and maintenance.
Edition: 4
Foundations slabs common for pump and its drive motor shall be designed so that a drive
motor according to SEN or DIN standard can be connected to the pump.
Internally threaded and bolted joints shall be provided with a device for mechanical
locking of the threads. This device may not increase the risk of seizure and shall be
constructed to always permit reuse of the threaded joint.
The direction of rotation shall always be clockwise seen from the motor, unless otherwise
specially stated. The direction of rotation shall be marked on the pump casing and, when
considered necessary, the flow direction shall be marked with an arrow on the pump
casing.
Pumps with replaceable shaft liners shall be designed with the liner fixed to the shaft and
sealed against it. The shaft liner shall extend beyond the sealing part, so that a leakage
between the liner and the shaft may be separated from leakage past the seal.
During vibration testing of complete units, the vibrations shall be such that the
requirements according to “Class T, gut“ in VDI 2056 or “good“ according to ISO 3945
will be satisfied.
Pumpimpellers with ∅ > 250 mm and a ratio diameter/width of less than 10 shall be
dynamically balanced and other impellers statically balanced according to requirements
in SS-ISO 1940-1.
Roller and slide bearings shall be designed for a service life exceeding 50 000 hours
operation.
Bearing supports shall have such openings that inspection and service of shaft seal can
easily be carried out with simple standard tools. Designs permitting replacement of seal
without dismantling the motor are preferred.
The critical rotation speed shall exceed 125 % of normal rotation speed.
Tolerances of capacity and efficiency shall be based on DIN 1944 or BS 599 according to
class specified in the pump specification.
The pump shall be capable of rotating backwards at an impressed pressure, corresponding

to 50-125 % of the volumetric flow at the highest efficiency, without being damaged.
The pump shall be capable of remaining on stand by, while filled with liquid, without
being damaged.
All threaded details should have metrical threads.
When stated in the pump specification that the medium is radioactive, the pump shall be
designed to be easily decontaminated. Pockets collecting particles of dirt shall as far as
possible be avoided
The pump performance curve shall be stable from zero flow to maximum flow. Pumps
specified for parallel operation shall be able to work together with a similar pump, not
necessary identical.
Edition: 4
All carbon steel surfaces in contact with the medium shall be provided with a corrosion
allowance of minimum 1 mm, unless otherwise is stated in the pump specification.
4.4.3.2 Connections
Connections shall be adapted to connecting pipes. The dimensions of the connecting
pipes are specified in the pump specification.
The supplier shall therefore carry out and submit calculations which show the magnitude
of the forces and moments to which the connection nozzles may be subjected.
For quality class 2 standard flanges must be of at least pressure class PN 16, even if the
calculation pressure is lower. For quality class 3 and 4A , pressure class PN 10 is
correspondingly applicable.
If the design temperature exceeds 200o C bolts and the both flange halves shall be made
For flange joints subjected to temperature changes, the risk for unloading (leakage) or
overloading of gaskets and bolts shall be particularly regarded.
210.

The demands on tightness in relation to the surroundings is expressed in the pump
specification by stating the tightening class. The tightening classes employed are P, S and
K. The highest demands on tightness are stated in class P (Primary Medium). Lower
below 2 MPa. Suitable built-in O-rings may also be used.
Class K: Conventional design.
Type of shaft seal for pumps in the different tightness classes are specified in the relevant
pump specifications.
Edition: 4

The design data and loads required for design and strength calculations of pumps have
been specified by the purchaser in the pump specification and its appendices.
calculations, showing that the pump is acceptable for loads that are higher than those
specified may be reported.
In this Chapter the designations standard pumps and special pumps are used with the
following significance:
Standard pumps are pumps of proven design, previously manufactured without problems,
of the same material and being used with identical power source as the pump in question
and being subjected to the same severe operational conditions (i e temperature, pressure,
including differential pressure, flow rates, number of starts and stops etc) as the specified
pumps. The purchaser reserves the right to request references or other documentation
which justifies classification of a pump as a standard pump (compare with RN item
6.10.4).
Special pumps are pumps not classified as standard pumps according to the above
definition.
Unless otherwise specified, calculations need not be reported for standard pumps.
4.4.3.5 Design Calculations for Special Pumps of Quality Class 2 or 3:

Calculations or other basic documentation shall be reported for special pumps to confirm
that the dimensions of the pressure-retaining parts are acceptable as regards design data.
For calculations ASME III, NC-3400 or other accepted, verified method can be used.
Other basic documentation may consist of results from, for instance, stress
measurements.
For pumps including fastening devices, supports and base plates, an analysis of primary
stresses shall be carried out to demonstrate that the design is acceptable.
All acting loads like dead weight, maximum motor torque, maximum permissible pipe
work forces and bending moments etc, shall be taken into account.
Flanged joints shall satisfy TKN Chapters 17 and 18.
4.4.3.6 Design Calculations for Special Pumps of Quality Classes 4A and 4:

Calculations or other basic documentation shall be reported for special pumps to confirm
that the dimensions of the pressure-retaining parts are acceptable as regards design data.
For calculations ASME III, NC-3400 or other accepted, verified method can be used.
Other basic documentation may consist of results from, for instance, stress
measurements.
Flanged joints shall satisfy TKN Chapters 17 and 18.
Edition: 4
4.4.4 Manufacturing
All pumps shall be marked with a component number specified by the purchaser.
Pressure-retaining pump components shall be marked with serial number or similar to be

identified against the inspection documentation.
The direction of rotation shall be permanently marked on the pump casing and, if
considered necessary, the direction of flow shall be marked with an arrow on the pump
casing.

4.4.5.1 General
Pressure testing and tightness testing according to the inspection plan shall have been
carried out before the surface treatment takes place.
4.4.5.2 Temporary corrosion protection

When temporary corrosion protections of carbon steel are requested by the purchaser, the
influence by rubber details etc, must be considered when selecting the product. This
product shall be approved by the purchaser.
Pumps intended for oil shall not be treated with water soluble product.

See TBY.
4.4.5.4 Transport
thick plywood disc, secured to the flange with bolts.

The documentation shall contain at least the following:
• General design and over all dimensions.

• Materials (designation according to relevant standard).
• Pressure class, alternatively operation or design data.
• Permissible forces and moments on connections.
• Total weight with and without medium.
• Program for cleaning, corrosion protection and painting.
• Recommended spare parts.
• A characteristic curve showing flow, developed head, power input, NPSH required,
efficiency and rotation speed for all impeller diameters. Limiting span of operation.
Edition: 4
• The required cooling or flushing water flow

• Starting torque curve with open and closed valve
• Number of pistons, cylinder diameter and piston stroke for piston pumps
• Design of the shaft seal
The quotation documents shall clearly state if the offered valve in some respect deviates
from the requirements in the valve specification and this TBM.

The component dependant documentation below shall be sent to the purchaser for
approval:
• A general arrangement drawing and detail drawings with reference to a valid
inspection plan.
• Parts list with material designations according to standards.
• Over all dimensions.
• Other dimensions required for calculations (thicknesses of walls and flanges, internal
dimensions, radii, branch and bolt sizes, joint types, welding joint efficiency factor
for butt welds, etc).
• Pressure class and design data.
• Margin for corrosion and abrasion.
• Pump curve for the relevant impeller diameter and final motor speed. The curve shall
show the developed head, power, efficiency and NPSH as function of the volumetric
flow. In the curve shall be stated expected data for these parameters at maximum and
minimum impeller diameter.
• Critical speeds.
• Instructions for lifting and transport.
• Installation instructions including data of grouting procedures.
• Permissible forces and bending moments on nozzles.
• Tightening torques for bolts.
• Design and dimension of shaft seal.
• Load on the foundation.
Edition: 4

Technical component documentation shall include drawings with information according
to 4.4.6 It shall furthermore include information for operation and maintenance. These
instructions shall include information like maintenance frequency, lubrication and
overhaul instructions.
Edition: 4
4.5 Heat Exchangers
4.5.1 Introduction
This part of Technical Regulations for Mechanical Equipment (TBM) includes the
requirements made on heat exchangers of quality classes 1, 2, 3, 4A and 4. Detailed data
are evident from the specific heat exchanger specification, TSM, drawn up for each heat
exchanger.

For plates and tubes of austenitic stainless steel in heat exchangers for sea water, material
with a molybdenum content of at least 6 % shall be chosen, and for ferritic-austenitic
stainless steels the molybdenum content shall be at least 4%. For heat exchangers in
reactor systems the cobalt content shall be < 0,05 % in tubes and tube plates.
Cold bended tubes shall be solution heat treated if the mean bending radius is < 16 x Dy
if they shall be used with BWR-water at an operating temperature > 100 ºC.
4.5.3 Design and Calculations

4.5.3.1 General design demands
Heat exchangers of quality classes 1, 2 or 3 shall be designed to allow for inservice
inspection. The number of pressure-retaining welds shall thus be the minimum possible
and they shall be of such design that volumetric inspection, primarily by methods such as
ultrasonic examination can be performed without the disturbing effect of geometric or
other discontinuities.
The heat exchanger including the support and foundation shall be designed without gaps
and pockets so that the risk for corrosion will be as small as possible and so that an
effective corrosion protection, e g painting, galvanising or rubber-lining can be easily
applied.
Tube inlets in heat exchangers shall be designed so that the least possible disturbance of
the flow on the inlet side is achieved.
In order to avoid leakage or crevice corrosion after roll expanding of the tubes in the tube
plate, the tubes shall be seamless or longitudinally welded tubes with ground welds.
Tubular heat exchangers, designed for sea water cooling shall be provide with straight
tubes and end sections made of titanium or rubber-lining end sections. Heat exchangers
with tubes made of copper alloys shall be provided with sacrificial anodes or anodes with
impressed current in all channel heads. Good electrical contact between anodes and tube
plate is necessary. The rubber-lining shall comprise all connecting connection pieces and
flange surfaces.
Tubular heat exchangers shall be designed so that tube leakage can be stopped simply and
quickly by plugging.
Dismantling of the end sections in a tubular heat exchanger shall be possible without the
tube bundle being deformed or moved out of its position. In addition it shall be possible
to replace individual tubes or a whole bundle of tubes without damage to tubes, baffles or
support plates.
Edition: 4
When compound or clad-welded plate is used, the thickness of the added material after
finishing shall be at least 4 mm for compound plates and 5 mm for clad-welded plates.
Stands shall be designed according to the Swedish Pressure Vessel Commission

publication, Series D, No 12 “Directives for Supports“.
Expansion bellows shall be of proven design, without guide tubes. Expansion bellows are
not acceptable in quality class 1.
suitable device for facilitating repairs and maintenance.
All carbon steel surfaces in contact with the medium, with the exception of tubes, shall be
provided with a corrosion allowance of at least 1 mm, unless otherwise is stated in the
heat exchanger specification.
Vibrations expected to shorten the life of the heat exchanger shall not occur during
operation even if the specified flow or the temperature is exceeded by 25 %.
The ovality of bent tubes must not exceed 8 %.
The ovality is defined as (Dmax - Dmin) * 100/Do
Dmax = maximum outside diameter after bending

Dmin = minimum outside diameter after bending
Do = nominal outside diameter
The minimum wall thickness in the bend must not be less than that required to meet the
strength demands.
4.5.3.2 Connections
Connections shall be adapted to connecting pipe. The dimensions of the connecting pipe
work are specified in the heat exchanger specification. For quality class 1 they shall be
designed according to ASME III fig NB-4250, unless otherwise specified, and at least be
sized with regard to ASME III NB-3330.
For other quality classes, the connection nozzles shall be designed according to the
appendix to SS 06 41 01.
The location of connection nozzles for testing of leakage, drainage and tightness are
specified separately.
Annular or flat reinforcements are not permitted in quality class 1.
The connection nozzles shall be designed to take into account the forces and moments
from connecting pipes. If these forces are not specified, the connection nozzles shall have
at least the capacity of the connecting pipes.
Edition: 4
Flanges should be designed for butt welding. However, slip-on welded flanges may be
used after the purchaser’s approval.
For heat exchangers of quality classes 1 and 2, standard flanges must be at least of
pressure class PN 16 even if the calculation pressure is lower. For quality classes 3 and
4A, the pressure class PN 10 is correspondingly applicable.
Heat exchangers of quality classes 1 and 2 shall have forged flanges.
If the design temperature exceeds 200° C bolts and the both flange halves shall be made
210.

The demands on tightness in relation to the surroundings is expressed in the heat
exchanger specification by stating the tightening class. The tightness classes employed
are P, S and K. The highest demands on tightness are stated in class P (Primary Medium).
Lower demands on tightness are stated in class S (Secondary Medium). Tightness class K
The guidelines for design of seals for flanges, man hole covers, channel heads are stated
below:
Suitable built-in metallic seals may be used.
below 2 Mpa. Suitable built-in O-rings may also be used.
Class K: Conventional designs.

The design data and loads required for design and strength calculations of heat
exchangers have been specified by the purchaser in the heat exchanger specification and
its appendices.
Edition: 4
calculations, showing that the heat exchanger is acceptable for loads that are higher than
those specified, may be reported.
Heat exchangers shall be dimensioned according to applicable codes specified in Chapter

3.2.
Additional items below are applicable if the dimensioning is performed according to

ASME:
The Sm value shall be the smallest of:
• 1/3 of the minimum specified ultimate tensile strength at room temperature (Rm).
• 2/3 of the minimum specified yield strength (Rp0.2) at room temperature.
• 2/3 of the yield strength (or Rp0.2) at the relevant room temperature for ferritic steel
or 90 % of Rp0.2 at the relevant temperature for austenitic steel.
Pressure-bearing bolt joints shall satisfy ASME III NB 3230. However, allowed bolt
tension for “Design Conditions“ and thereby necessary bolt area according to ASME III
XI-3222 deviates from European praxis and in cases this would require extensive
modifications, it can be accepted that Sa and Sb according to ASME III XI-3222 be
replaced by 2 * Sm where Sm is determined according to below. Sa in ASME III XI-
3222, equation (4), shall thereby of course be replaced by 2 * Sm.
The Sm value for bolts is determined to be the smallest of:
• 1/3 of yield strength (Rp0.2) at the relevant temperature.

• 1/4.3 of the minimum specified ultimate tensile strength at room temperature (Rm).
Calculations for necessary tightening torque for bolted joints shall be included the
calculation report.
Calculations for transient loads shall be carried out according to ASME III NB-3200.
4.5.4 Manufacturing
4.5.4.1 General Requirements at Manufacturing
Tubes must not be cleaned by blowing with steam. Mechanical cleaning of tubes shall be
performed in such a way that the tubes will not be damaged.
When dismantling the heat exchanger at e g manufacturing or transport, it shall be

provided with new seals at the subsequent assembly.
Tubes for heat exchangers must not be joined by welding.
Cold working of materials during rolling operations shall be restricted to the minimum
possible, max 10 %. Production tests shall be carried out and inspected according to
procedure drawn up by the manufacturer and approved by the purchaser.
Edition: 4
4.5.4.2 Marking
Heat exchangers shall be provided with a manufacturer’s nameplate according to AFS
1999:6, Chapter 3, § 6.
4.5.5.1 Temporary Corrosion Protection

Oil coolers shall not be protected with water soluble product

See TBY.

See TBY.
8501-1 and shall before rubber-lining be degreased, blasted and cleaned to fulfil the
applicable.
4.5.5.4 Transport
4.5.6 Documentation and delivery

The documentation shall contain at least the following:
• General design, over all dimensions and space requirements for service and
installation
• All dimensions necessary for flow and thermodynamic calculations
• Materials (designation according to valid standard).
• Program for cleaning, corrosion protection and painting
• Total weight with and without medium
• Directions of flow.
Edition: 4
The quotation documents shall clearly state if the offered heat exchanger in some respect
deviates from the requirements in the heat exchanger specification and this TBM.

The following component dependant documentation shall be sent to the purchaser for
approval:
• Final pressure drop
• A general arrangement drawing and detail drawings with references to a valid
inspection plan.
• A parts list with material designations according to applicable standards.
• Overall dimensions.
internal dimensions, radii, dimensions of nozzles and bolts, joint figuration etc).
• Design pressure and design temperature.
• Weight (with and without liquid) and centre of gravity.
• Foundation loads.
• Directions of flow.
• Installation instructions, including demands on the grouting-in procedure.
• Permissible loads on nozzles.
• Tightening torques for bolts.
• Manufacturer, year of manufacture, serial number and type.
• Corrosion protection.

Technical component documentation shall contain drawings with information according
to 4.5.6. It shall also contain instructions for operation and maintenance. These
instructions shall include information such as maintenance intervals, methods for
cleaning of heat transfer surfaces, tightening torques for bolts etc.
Edition: 4
4.6 Process Measuring Equipment
4.6.1 Introduction
This part of Technical Regulations for Mechanical Equipment (TBM) contains the
demands made on thermo wells, orifice plates, dp-cells etc located in pipe work of the
quality classes 1, 2, 3, 4A or 4.
Chapter 4.3 apply to material, manufacturing , corrosion protection etc.
Deviations from this Chapter and applicable parts of Chapter 4.3 shall be specified at the
time of submitting the tender and shall be approved by the purchaser.
4.6.2 Design Requirements on Certain Components

4.6.2.1 Instrument valves
The entire Chapter 4.3 is applicable to instrument valves.
Globe valves, but not valve manifolds, shall be marked in such a manner that it is clear
which connection leads to the top of the disc and which leads to the underside.
4.6.2.2 Flow Measurement Nozzles, Orifice Plates and Venturi Tubes

Flow measurement nozzles, orifice plates and venturi tubes are designed according to the
requirements in DIN 1952 (ISO 5167-1).
Connections shall be adapted to connecting pipes. The dimensions of connecting pipes

are specified in the specification or on the drawing. The connections shall be designed
according to ASME III, fig NB-4233-1, unless otherwise specified.
The nozzles shall be designed so that they can be connected to instrument pipes made of
austenitic, stainless steel.
4.6.2.3 Thermo Wells

The thermo wells shall be designed for Pt 100 resistance transducers according to DIN 43
763 form D1 or D5.
4.6.2.4 Pressure Vessels for Level Measuring

Chapter 4.7.2 “Strength Calculations“ shall apply to pressure vessels for level measuring.
Edition: 4
4.7 Pressure Vessels
4.7.1 Introduction
demands made on pressure vessels of quality class 2, 3, 4A and 4.

All pressure vessels shall satisfy relevant requirements in TKN and SS 06 41 01 or

ASME III. However, the requirements laid down in the following are always applicable.
After approval of the purchaser, pressure vessels may be designed according to other
codes than the Swedish if these are evaluated equal or more stringent.
Pressure vessels of quality class 2 or 3 shall be designed so that inservice inspection can
be carried out according to the principles specified in ASME XI, Sub articles IWB-2500
and 2600. The number of pressure-retaining welds shall thus be as small as possible and
they shall have such a design that a volumetric inspection, preferably by means of
ultrasonic, can be carried out without disturbing influence by geometric or other
discontinuities.
The pressure vessel, including support and foundation, shall be designed without crevices
and pockets so that the risk for corrosion will be minimised and so that an effective
corrosion protection, e g painting, galvanising or rubber-lining can easily be applied. See
TBY.
Supports shall be designed according to the Tryckkärlskommissionens No 12 “Directions

for the design of supports for pressure vessels“.
suitable arrangements to facilitating repairs and maintenance.
All carbon steel surfaces in contact with media shall have a corrosion allowance of at
least 1 mm, unless otherwise is specified by the Purchaser.
4.7.2.2 Connections
Connections shall be designed to conform to connecting pipes.
The size of connecting piping shall be specified in the pressure vessel specification.
Nozzles shall be designed according to the annex to SS 06 41 01.
Location of nozzles for leakage, drainage and testing tightness are specified separately.
Forces and torques from connecting pipes shall be taken into account when sizing of
nozzles. If these forces are not specified, the nozzles shall have at least the capacity of the
connecting pipes.
Edition: 4
Flanges should be designed for butt welding. However, plane weld flanges may be used
after the purchaser’s approval.
For pressure vessels of quality classes 1 and 2, standard flanges must be at least of
pressure class PN 16 even if the calculation pressure is lower. For quality classes 3 and
4A, the pressure class PN 10 is correspondingly applicable.
Pressure vessels of quality classes 1 and 2 shall have forged flanges.
If the design temperature exceeds 200° C bolts and the both flange halves shall be made
210.

The demands on tightness in relation to the surroundings is expressed in the pressure
vessel specification by stating the tightness class. The tightness classes employed are P, S
and K. The highest demands on tightness are stated in class P (Primary Medium). Lower
Suitable metallic seals may be used.
below 2 MPa. Suitable built-in O-rings may also be used.
Class K: Conventional designs.
Edition: 4

The design data and loads required for design and strength calculations of pressure
vessels shall be specified by the purchaser.
calculations, showing that the pressure vessel is acceptable for loads that are higher than
those specified may be reported.
Calculation for sizing to be performed according to Chapter 3.2.
An analysis of local stresses around nozzles shall be carried out. Methods stated in the
Tryckkärlskommissionens document series D12 “instructions for supports“ can thereby
be used
An analysis of stresses must show that the design of the support is acceptable. Methods
according to the above can be used.
4.7.3 Manufacturing
Pressure vessels shall have a manufacturer’s nameplate according to AFS 1999:6,
Chapter 3,§ 6.
4.7.4 Corrosion protection

See TBY.
4.7.5 Transport
Edition: 4

4.7.6.1 Necessary Documentation before Manufacturing

• A general arrangement drawing and detail drawings with references to a valid
inspection plan.
• A parts list with material designations according to applicable standards
• Over all dimensions
internal dimensions, radii, dimensions of branches and bolts, joint configuration etc).
• Design pressure and design temperature
• Weight ( with and without liquid) and centre of gravity.
• Installation instructions, including demands for the under grouting procedure.
• Quality class, tightness class
• Allowed loads on nozzles
• Corrosion protection.

Technical component documentation shall include drawings with information according
to 4.7.5.Other final documentation according to KBM.
Edition: 4
4.8 Supports
4.8.1 Introduction
This part of Technical Regulations for Mechanical Equipment (TBM) includes the
requirements for supports for pipes and components in process systems in nuclear power
plants.
This TBM is applicable for pipe supports for small-diameter pipes (<DN50) where
appropriate.
This chapter does not apply for pipe rupture restraints, see chapter 4.11.
In certain cases, welded-on lugs or foot supports are carried on the pipe or component.
These are not covered by this TBM but included in the pressure retaining system.
Normally supports themselves will be carried by bolts or grouted-in plates. In such cases,
the plates come within the province of this TBM
In certain cases, welding plates, cast into the building structure, will be used. These
welding plates are not covered by this TBM, but are covered by the purchaser’s civil
construction standards.

Certain anchoring elements, such as spring packets, constant-tension hangers and
snubbers for dynamic loads shall be made of material specified in the supplier’s product
specifications for respective anchoring elements, approved by the purchaser.

4.8.3.1 General
Where the supplier is responsible for the detailed design, he shall submit drawings and
calculations according to requirements stated below. All manufacturing drawings and any
calculations, drawn up by the supplier shall be approved by the purchaser.
Pipe hangers and pipe supports shall be designed to absorb all forces, torques and
movements caused by thermal expansion, support friction, flowing media, specified
dynamic loads and weight of the pipes and contents etc, as well as damp out harmful
vibration.
The distance between supports must be such that deflection which might interfere with
the process or adversely affect the mechanical strength of the system must be avoided.
Anchor points and guides shall be positioned and arranged so that movements that occurs
is suitably distributed among the expansion-absorbing arrangements.
Hangers and supports must be connected to a pipe in such a way that risk for corrosion
and crack formation in the pipe wall is avoided.
The risk of corrosion where pipe clamps are used is high, and particular allowance must
be made for this in the case of outdoor pipes.
Edition: 4
Detailed design shall be based on a support specification and system isometric drawings,
approved by the purchaser, showing the dimensions in writing for the location of the
support point.
The supplier must suit the design of his support system in general to the pipe work, cable
trays and ventilation installations, as well as to other components, gratings etc.
Expansion bolts are chosen according to the purchaser’s standard and shall be approved
by SITAC or corresponding.
When securing parts etc to the structure of the building, all appropriate instructions
relating to permissible transferred loads must be complied with, as must instructions for
installation of expansion bolts. In particular, limitations on permissible hole depths, or
total prohibition of drilling for expansion bolts in certain parts of the building, must be
observed.
In the case of new building works, preference must be given to the use of grouted
welding plates for securing brackets to the building structure. The load transmitted to the
welding plates must be detailed with respect to magnitude, spread and point of
application.
4.8.3.2 Design
Supports will be assigned to quality classes which are the same as those of the piping
system or component that they carry.
If a number of supports of different quality classes rest on the same bracket, the quality
class of the bracket shall be that of the highest classed system.
Detail design of pipe supports must be based on standards for erection parts as approved
by the purchaser, i e anchor supports, sliding supports etc. Anchor supports and axial
stops must incorporate double clamps.
Erecting parts shall normally not be welded directly on to the pipe, instead axial forces
must be transferred from the pipe to the support via welded lugs. Radial forces are
transferred through single or double clamps.
As far as possible, lugs and clamps must not be positioned closer than 5.5 * t + 30 mm
from circumferential joints in the pipe, where t is the thickness of the pipe wall.
Exceptions may be made for easily removable clamps, however, the clamp shall in no
case cover the circumferential joint.
For cooling tubes (liquefied gas) insulating interlayer shall be used between pipe and
clamp.
When using spring hangers, the change in load between the erection condition and the
operation condition must not exceed 25 % of the setting value of the spring at erection.
Spring forces, spring travel and spring movement shall be stated in specification or on
drawing.
Edition: 4
The play in lateral guides is normally 1-2 mm (total 2-4 mm). If zero play and prescribed
side movements are required in certain cases, the required play is stated on the drawing.
Brackets must be designed to avoid accumulation of standing water, primarily by suitable

shaping of beams. Pockets or cavities which can be filled with water shall be provided
with bored drain holes of ∅ 10 mm. If the edges of the drain holes are to be painted, the
diameter must be ∅ 20 mm. Stress concentrations must be taken into account at boring.
Brackets must be designed to allow as much welding work as possible to be prefabricated

in the workshop. All beams secured to welding plates in the building shall have an extra
length of 50 mm to compensate for construction tolerances.
The brackets must be designed so that surface treatment in accordance with the
purchaser’s standard can be made. If hot-dip galvanizing is used, necessary holes for air
flow and molten zinc shall be incorporated.
Bolts and nuts should have strength classes ISO 8.8 and 8 respectively. If from design or
calculation point of view a higher strength class is required the risk for embrittlement
must be observed.
In general, for welded assemblies tolerances according to SS-EN ISO 13920 class B are
applicable, and for machined dimensions lowest according to SS-ISO 2768-1 course.
When welding beam to beam a cut shall be made in one of the beams, if required with
respect to strength, so that the parts can be welded flange to flange and web to web
respectively, or additional web plates be assembled.
Stop assemblies for axial stops shall be reinforced by welding on three sides, with the one
side that faces the support beam being fully welded.
The joints of guide bars for lateral guidance must be machined prior to welding and be
fully through- welded from the outside.
4.8.3.3 Calculation
Formal strength calculations are required for pipe supports of class 1. For pipe supports
of classes 2 and 3 the supplier shall submit formal strength calculations on request.
Calculations will normally not have to be submitted for supports of classes 4A and 4.
Calculations that are submitted for must be prepared in a readable and easily-understood
manner, with careful indication of sources, references, drawings, part numbers etc. The
documentation shall be reviewable.
For standard parts like spring cages, constant-tension supports, snubbers for dynamic
loads etc, earlier calculations can be submitted, showing that the part is acceptable for use
with loads that are more severe than those in question.
To the extent necessary, the calculations must indicate stresses and deflection in brackets,
support welds and mounting plates, and indicate the required size of expansion-bolts for
the plates according to the purchaser’s standard.
Edition: 4
Supports in class 1 shall be calculated according to ASME III NF. In other cases ASME
III NF or BSK99 is chosen. It is suitable to choose ASME III NF where the associated
pipe calculations are performed according to ASME III.
A friction coefficient of µ = 0.3 is normally used for sliding supports and lateral guides,
when calculating the friction force acting on the bracket.
All brackets for pipes of DN>50 (2“ NPS) shall be designed for a minimum load of 1
kN, even though the support specification may indicate a lower loading.
The supplier shall aim, within the limits of proven experience, not to increase the weight
of structure and assemblies unnecessarily.
4.8.3.4 Drawing Requirements

For more simple supports, principally in class 4A and 4, where no calculations are
required, the manufacturing drawings may be produced in accordance with simplified
drawing procedures without detailed instructions.
4.8.4 Manufacturing
All primer or other corrosion protection shall be removed for a distance of 50 mm from
the joint edges before welding.
All gaps shall be seal welded.
Pendulum for hangers must not be weld repaired or jointed by welding.

See TBY.
The purchaser shall specify basic requirements for corrosion protection like painting,
galvanizing or temporary corrosion protection.
4.8.5.2 Transport
Stainless materials must not be strapped using carbon steel banding strips without a layer
of interposing material.
Edition: 4
4.9 Atmospheric Storage Tanks
4.9.1 Introduction
demands made on atmospheric storage tanks of quality classes 2, 3, 4A and 4.

All atmospheric storage tanks shall fulfil applicable requirements in Cisternnormer I, V
and VIII (Swedish Code for atmospheric tanks). However, the following requirements
shall always apply.
The atmospheric storage tank, including support and foundation shall be designed
without crevices and pockets so as to minimise the risk of corrosion and so that an
effective corrosion protection, e g painting, galvanizing or rubber-lining easily can easily
be applied. See TBY.
All carbon steel surfaces in contact with media shall have a corrosion allowance of at
least 1 mm, unless otherwise stated by the purchaser.
In flage joints subjected temperature variations, the risk of relaxation (leakage) or

overloading of gaskets and bolts shall be particularly considered.
Foundations shall be designed according to CFA.
4.9.2.2 Connections
Connections shall be designed to conform to connecting pipes.
The size of the connecting piping shall be specified in the storage tank specification.
Nozzles shall be designed according to the appendix SS 06 41 01.
4.9.2.3 Seal Design

Requirements on the tightness of atmospheric storage tanks with respect to the
environment shall be expressed in the storage tank specification by stating tightness class.
Tightness classes S and K are used, where tightness class K represents conventional
sealing arrangements.
Guidelines for seal design for flanges and man hole covers:
Class S: Simple flat gaskets or suitable built in O-rings may be used.
Class K: Conventional designs
Edition: 4

The design data and loads required for design and strength calculations of the
atmospheric storage tank are to be specified by the purchaser.
All calculations shall be submitted in a clear and readable manner with sources,
references, drawings, part number etc carefully stated. Previously performed calculations,
showing that the storage tank is acceptable for loads being more severe than those
specified, may be submitted.
Dimension calculations shall be performed according to requirements of current code for

atmospheric storage tanks that will specify whether you must take into consideration the
risk for inward bend.
4.9.3 Manufacturing
Marking
Atmospheric storage tanks shall have manufacturer’s nameplate according to AFS
1999:6, Chapter 3, § 6.

See TBY.

See TBY.
8501-1 and shall before rubber-lining be degreased, blasted and cleaned to fulfil the
applicable.
4.9.4.3 Transport
Edition: 4


• A general arrangement drawing and detail drawings.
• A parts list with material designations according to applicable standards.
• Over all dimensions.
internal dimensions, radii, dimensions of nozzles and bolts, joint configuration etc).
• Design pressure and design temperature.
• Weight (with and without liquid) and centre of gravity.
• Installation instructions, including demands on the grouting-in procedure.
• Quality class.
• Allowed loads on connection pieces.

The component documentation shall contain drawings with information according to
Chapter 4.9.5. Other required documentation according to KBM.
Edition: 4
4.10 Internals for Reactor Pressure Vessels and Steam Generators
4.10.1 Introduction
specific requirements made on internals for reactor pressure vessels and steam generators.

4.10.2.1 Internal Parts in Reactor Pressure Vessels
Embrittlement because of neutron radiation shall be taken into account.
The content of cobalt must not exceed 0,05 %.
Sulphuric lubricants like e g molybdenum disulphide must not be used. Graphite based or
graphite nickel based lubricants shall preferably be used.

In case the supplier shall be responsible for the detailed design he shall submit drawings
and calculations according to the purchaser’s requirements. All the manufacturing
drawings and possible calculations produced by the supplier, shall be approved by the
purchaser.
4.10.3.1 Internal Parts in Reactor Pressure Vessels

The surface finish shall be chosen to facilitate future decontamination.
The testability shall be taken into account.
Marking shall be carried out so that future identification can be carried out by remote
controlled camera.

The documentation shall conform to the purchaser's requirements.
Edition: 4
4.11 Pipe Rupture Restraints
4.11.1 Introduction
demands made on pipe rupture restraints in nuclear power stations.
In certain cases, welded-on lugs or foot supports are carried on the pipe or component.
These are not covered by this TBM but included in the pressure retaining system.
Normally pipe rupture restraints themselves will be carried by bolts or grouted-in plates.
In such cases, the plates come within the province of this TBM
In certain cases, welding plates, cast into the building structure, will be used. These
welding plates are not covered by this TBM, but are covered by the purchaser’s civil
construction standards.

Parts, which will absorb energy by elongation, should be of ductile materials. As a rule a
material is ductile if the elongation at rupture is at least 10 %.

4.11.3.1 General
Where the supplier is responsible for the detailed design, he shall submit drawings and
calculations according to requirements stated below. The purchaser shall approve all
manufacturing drawings and any calculations, drawn up by the supplier.
Pipe rupture restraints shall be designed to absorb all forces, torques and movements at a
pipe rupture so that the safety equipment, which is necessary at the pipe rupture, will be
protected.
The play should be that large that occurring movements in the pipe systems will not be
prevented by the pipe rupture restraints and that pipes or components are not affected by
the restraints except when there is a pipe rupture. If there is not enough play, the pipe
rupture restraint shall be considered as a pipe support and consequently fulfil these
requirements.
Pipe rupture restraints must be connected to a pipe in such a way that risks for corrosion
and crack formation in the pipe wall is avoided.
Expansion bolts are chosen according to the purchaser’s standard and shall be approved
by SITAC or corresponding organisation within the European Organisation for Technical
Approvals (EOTA).
When securing parts etc. to the structure of the building, all appropriate instructions
relating to permissible transferred loads must be complied with, as must instructions for
installation of expansion bolts.
Edition: 4
4.11.3.2 Design
All pipe rupture restraints are classified as quality class 3 irrespective of the class of the
pipe.
Installation parts shall normally not be welded directly to the pipe. Instead axial forces
must be transferred from the pipe to the support via welded lugs. Radial forces are
transferred through single or double clamps.
As far as possible, lugs and clamps must not be positioned closer than 5,5 x t + 30 mm
from circumferential joints in the pipe, where t is the thickness of the pipe wall.
Exceptions may be made for easily removable clamps, however, the clamp shall in no
case cover the circumferential joint.
Brackets must be designed to avoid accumulation of standing water, primarily by suitable

shaping of beams. Pockets or cavities, which can be filled with water, shall be provided
with bored drain holes of Ø 10 mm. If the edges of the drain holes are to be painted, the
diameter must be Ø 20 mm. Stress concentrations must be taken into account at boring.
The brackets must be designed so that surface treatment in accordance with the
purchaser’s standard can be made. If hot-dip galvanizing is used, necessary holes for air
flow and molten zinc shall be incorporated.
Bolts and nuts should have strength classes ISO 8.8 and 8 respectively. If from design or
calculation point of view a higher strength class is required the risk for embrittlement
must be observed.
In general, for welded assemblies tolerances according to SS-EN ISO 13920 class B are
applicable, and for machined dimensions lowest according to SS-ISO 2768-1 course.
When welding beam to beam a cut shall be made in one of the beams, if required with
respect to strength, so that the parts can be welded flange to flange and web to web
respectively, or additional web plates are assembled.
4.11.3.3 Calculation
Formal strength calculations are normally required for pipe rupture restraints.
Calculations that are submitted for must be prepared in a readable and easily understood
manner, with careful indication of sources, references, drawings, part numbers etc.
To the extent necessary, the calculations must indicate stresses and/or deformations in
brackets, support welds, mounting plates and other stressed details, and indicate the
required size of expansion-bolts for the plates according to the purchaser’s standard.
The way of calculation and permissible tensions are obtainable from ANSI/ANS 58.2 and
ASME III Appendix F, i.e. the loads belong to level D, with further reference to ASME
III NF-3200 and NF-3300.
If a higher permissible tension or another way to calculate is chosen, the cause for this
must be given and showed.
Edition: 4
4.11.3.4 Drawing Requirements

The manufacturing drawings must be sufficiently detailed to be used as basis for the
strength calculations.
4.11.4 Manufacturing
All primer or other corrosion protection shall be removed for a distance of 100 mm
(including fitting) from the joint edges before welding. Zinc protection must not be
performed on a surface which shall be welded ( e.g. paint containing zinc or at hot-
galvanizing).
All gaps shall be seal welded.

See TBY.
The purchaser shall specify basic requirements for corrosion protection like painting,
galvanizing or temporary corrosion protection.
4.11.5.2 Transport
Stainless materials must not be strapped using carbon steel banding strips without a layer
of interposing material.
Edition: 4
5 REPAIR OF INSTALLED EQUIPMENT
5.1 Removal of Defects
5.1.1 Introduction
This section states the procedure for removal of defects considering the content of SKIFS
2000:2.
5.1.2 Rules
(Chapter 4, § 2):
“Cracks and corrosion attacks that can jeopardise the safety margins may be removed
without the following repair of material or weld metal considered
• that necessary strength and functional margins can be maintained,

• that believable cause of what has occurred has been demonstrated,
• necessary measures have been taken to prevent new defects to be created.
Measures being taken to remove such defects without subsequent repairs shall be carried
out with machining methods being qualified for the purpose. The plant owner must see to
that the qualification is supervised and assessed by an accredited inspection body if the
measures affect equipment related to quality classes 1 and 2.”
(General advice for Chapter 4, § 2):

“Qualification of machining methods normally comprises both equipment and staff. The
qualifications should be carried out in such a way that they can show that they are able
to achieve the necessary geometric conditions and surface structures which are free from
micro cracks and contamination and which make it possible to perform subsequent
testing.”
Edition: 4
5.2 Repair of Defects
5.2.1 Introduction
This section states the procedure for repairs considering the content of SKIFS 2000:2.
5.2.2 Rules
(Chapter 4, § 3):
“If the defects have such an extent that necessary strength and functional margins can
not be maintained, the equipment or part thereof shall be replaced or repaired. Before
repair or replacement commence the probable cause of what has occurred must be
clarified, and necessary measures shall have been taken to prevent that new defects
occur.
Repairs shall be carried out according to a repair program qualified for the purpose and
which with sufficient margins, re-establish the properties required for the equipment to
fulfil basic conditions for use according to Chapter 2, § 1, first item.
The plant owner shall see to it that the qualification of programs for repairs of equipment
belonging to any of the quality classes 1 or 2 is supervised and evaluated by an
accredited inspection body.”

“Clarifying the causes for damage is necessary in order to perform repairs and
replacements in a correct way.
A repair program should include descriptions of the equipment, procedure and specific
quality assurance measures that have to be applied to re-establish the properties
necessary according to Chapter 2, §1.
Qualification of repair welding should be based upon procedure inspection and welder
performance qualification according to the general advice for Chapter 4, § 7 below.
Bolts and nuts are not regarded appropriate to weld repair.”
All defects irrespective of quality class should be assessed and comment upon on the
appropriate personnel’s own initiative. Facts and viewpoints together with
recommendations for further handling shall be compiled in a defect report according to
special instructions. Defects analysis affecting barriers and defence-in-depth shall be
safety reviewed.
Edition: 4
5.3 Documentation
5.3.1 Obligation to report towards SKI

(Chapter 2, § 5):
“Defects in mechanical equipment which is of significant importance for the safety, shall
be investigated as soon as possible, according to the provisions of Chapter 5, §6 in
SKIFS 1998:1, measures taken and be reported to the Nuclear Power Inspectorate“.

“Beyond such defects referring to category 1 and 2 deficiencies according to Appendix 1
i SKIFS 1998:1, even other defects which at a later stage could have significance to
safety, should be investigated and reported in order to
- give a basis for necessary feedback and continuously increase the knowledge about
occurring mechanism behind the failure,
- the Nuclear Power Inspectorate may judge whether defects with similar underlying
causes could have happened in other plants.
Report about the failure should contain a detailed description of the event with
information about time and operational mode when the event was discovered, the way of
discovery, the extent of damage and possible consequences, dimension of the equipment,
material composition (analysis of charge or the like) and manufacturing method. Further
more it should include information about environmental data, as well as the mechanism
and cause of the failure.
To make clear the causes of failure in a trustworthy way the analysis should among other
things be based upon results from metallographical examinations of material samples
which are taken out“.
(Chapter 2, §6):
“Equipment in which a failure has arisen may retain in operation without taken any
measures for repair or replacement according to Chapter 4, as long as there are
sufficient safety margins against rupture or other deficiencies which may influence the
safety of the plant.
In those cases where the failures have such extent or are of such character that
- there is uncertainty about the safety margins,
- the function of the equipment may be influenced during the time the equipment will be
in operation without any measures taken
analysis of the safety margins shall be safety reviewed in accordance with Chapter 4, §3
in SKIFS 1998:1. Before a mechanical equipment with such failures may be taken into
operation the analysis shall be reported to the Nuclear Power Inspectorate that may
decide that further or other requirements are valid for the continued operation.”
Edition: 4
(General advice for Chapter 2, §6):

“To be able to judge whether there are sufficient safety margins for continued operation
during a certain time accurate analysis should be carried out with consideration taken to
among other things probable mechanism behind the failure, eventual synergy effects,
applicable load according to current design criteria, speed of growth in current
environment and uncertainty when determine the extent of failure. Applied methods for
the analysis and the proceedings should be validated or well proven and applied speed of
growth as well as threshold values should be based upon realistic and quality assured
data to a sufficient extent. In those cases where no quality assured data exist in the extent
necessary to draw conclusions ,for instance based statistical analysis, careful
(conservative) assumptions should be taken about speed of growth and threshold values.
For defects referring to category 2 are the provisions in Chapter 2, §2 SKIFS 1998:1
valid, as well.”
All defects belonging to category 1 and 2 shall prompt be analysed, measures be taken
and be reported to the Nuclear Power Inspectorate. Moreover defects which according to
assessment are found to be able to directly affect barriers or defence-in-depth, including
other failures in the plant which generic may be connected to equipment of importance
for barriers and defence-in-depth, should be reported to the Nuclear Power Inspectorate.
According to Chapter 5, §1 in SKIFS 2000:2 the accredited inspection body should also
review the analysis of the conditions for continuous operation with defect equipment that
include analysis of the cause of defect.
Edition: 4
TBM Appendix 1 1 (1)
Appendix 1: Event Categorization in ANSI / ANS-52.1-1983

EVENT OTHER CATEGORIZATION SCHEMES
FREQUENCY PLANT NRC ANS
RANGE CONDITIONS RG 1.48 RG 1.70 51.1 52.1 53.1
(per reactor-year) CATEGORIES 10 CFR ASME Code* Rev 2 (N18.2) (N212) (N212)
Planned PC-1 Normal Normal Normal Condition Normal Plant
Operations I PPC Condition
A
Moderate Condition
PC-2 Anticipated Frequency II Plant
______10-1_______ _______________ Operational Upset ------------------- ------------------ Frequent Condition
Occurrences Infrequent Condition PPC B
PC-3 ------------------- ------------------ Incidents III ------------------- -------------------
_______________ ------------------- ------------------ Infrequent Plant
______10-2_______
PPC Condition
Emergency ------------------- C
-------------------
______10-3_______ PC-4 ------------------
Limiting Condition
_______________ Accidents Faults IV
______10-4_______
Limiting Plant
PC-5 Faulted PPC Condition
______10-5_______ D
_______________
______10-6_______
Not Considered
* This terminology has been eliminated from 1977 version of the ASME Code
Fig. B1
Event Categorization
Edition 4
Appendix 2: Table 3-6 in ANS / ANS-52.1-1983

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III Service Limits for Various Plant Conditions and
Nuclear Safety Functions (1)
(2)
Nuclear Safety Functions
Dimensional
Plant Conditions Service Loading Pressure Retaining
Stability (3)
(PC) Combination (4) 32 Integrity Active Function (5)
and
Support Stability (6)
PC-1 NOL A A A
PC-2 NOL + L2 B B B
PC-3 NOL + L3(7, 8) B B B
PC-4 NOL + L4 C B(9) C(10)
PC-5 NOL + L5(7, 11) D B(9) D(10)
Notes:
1 Does not apply to primary containment.
2 There shall be no loss of nuclear safety function for any normal operation or PC-2, -3, -4 or -5 event.
3 Dimensional Stability - maintenance of component configuration within limits that do not preclude the
performance of the component intended nuclear safety function (e.g. maintenance of fluid flow path such
that adequate flow can occur but not necessarily design flow, or prevention of valve seat distortion that
results in unacceptable leakage)
4 NOL=Normal Operating Loads associated with PC-1 normal operation. L2 L3 L4 and L5 are the
transient loads associated with PC-2, PC-3, PC-4 and PC-5 events, respectively, including initiating
occurrence plus consideration of single failure and coincident occurrences in accordance with 3.2.
5 Active Function - a nuclear safety function that requires mechanical motion for component operability.
Functional capability of active valves two inches and greater in nominal pipe size and active pumps shall
be demonstrated under service loading combinations.
6 Support Stability - supporting and restraining of pressure retaining components and ASME III class core
support (CS) components within appropriate component design limits.
7 In combining earthquake loads with loads from consequential platn transients, the timing of loads shall be
appropriately considered in determining the method of combination.
8 See 3.4.1c for determination of the magnitude of the OBE. The OBE loads shall be considered as L3. The
inertial portion of the OBE is included as part of the “design mechanical load“ category of ASME III.
9 Service Limit C or D shall be permitted provided that an operability assurance program demonstrates
functional capability under the service loading combination.
10 More restrictive service limits (i.e. Service Limit B or C) should be used only if necessary to ensure
performance of the component nuclear safety function.
11 See 3.4.1d for determination of the magnitude of the SSE. The SSE loads shall be considered as L5.
32
Consideration of loading combinations of OBE loads plus L2 transient loads under Service Limit B and SSE loads plus L5 transient loads
under Service Limit D have been and may continue to be required regulatory authorities.
Edition 4
Appendix 3: General Rules for Quality Classification of

Equipment in Swedish Nuclear Power Plants
ABSTRACT
This appendix states general rules for quality classification of equipment in Swedish
nuclear power plants and supersedes the previous “General Classification Rules for
Quality Classification of Mechanical Equipment in Swedish Nuclear Power Plants with
Boiling Water Reactors“ (RKS-GKR, 1985-09-03) and “General Rules for Quality
Classification of the Pressure Water Reactors R2, R3 and R4“ (Vattenfall Ringhals
Instruction ÄA 13, 1990-12-05).
Quality classification is a classification of pressure-retaining mechanical equipment and

internal parts in reactor vessels according to their importance for reactor, operational and
staff safety. The classification facilitates establishing of the correct requirements for the
equipment at design, manufacturing, installation and repairs.
1 INTRODUCTION
All equipment in Swedish nuclear power plants is divided into safety classes according to
the importance of the equipment from the nuclear safety point of view. By tradition this
classification is based upon American legislation, i.e. 10CFR50, Appendix A, GDC 1.
The latest interpretation of the plant owners of this American code is evident from the
standards ANSI/ANS 51.1, 1983, “Nuclear safety criteria for the design of stationary
pressurized water reactor plants” and ANSI/ANS 52.1, 1983, “Nuclear safety criteria for
the design of stationary boiling water reactor plants”.
SKIFS 2000:2 and the above mentioned safety classification guides this classification
into quality classes which is a classification of pressure-retaining mechanical equipment
and the internal parts of the reactor vessels, according to their importance to the reactor-,
operational- and staff safety.
Certain pressure-retaining mechanical equipment of no direct importance for the reactor

or operational safety is not classified into quality classes. For this equipment the Swedish
Work Environment Authority is the supervising authority. They are often designated
AFS.
2 ABBREVIATIONS
AFS Statues of the Swedish Work Environment Authority
ANSI American National Standard Institute
ANS American Nuclear Society
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
GDC General Design Criteria
KBM Quality regulations for Mechanical Equipment
LOCA Loss of Coolant Accident
SKI the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate
SKIFS Statues of the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate
TBM Technical Regulations for Mechanical Equipment
Edition 4
3 QUALITY CLASSIFICATION
3.1 General
There are five quality classes namely 1, 2, 3, 4A and 4. The classification into classes 1 to
3, which are assigned to the equipment of immediate importance for the reactor safety,
substantially follows the safety classification in ANSI/ANS 51.1, 1983 and ANSI/ANS
52.1, 1983. Pressure-retaining mechanical equipment not being of immediate importance
to the reactor safety, but which can contain large amounts of radioactive substances, are
assigned quality class 4A. Other pressure-retaining mechanical equipment and internal
parts, essential for the operational- and staff safety or only used in consequence relieving
systems at severe breakdown, are assigned quality class 4.
3.2 Requirements
The quality classification guides design requirements and scope of inspection at repairs
and modification. However, the quality classification no longer directly guides the
requirements at in-service inspection. Design requirements and scope of inspection for
the different quality classes are evident from SKIFS 2000:2, TBM and KBM.
3.3 Quality Classes

Below, the principles are given for classification into quality classes and examples of
equipment included in the different classes. For a detailed description of the classification
reference is made to the SAR of each unit respectively.
3.3.1 Quality Class 1

Quality class 1 applies to pressure-retaining mechanical equipment where breaks or
failure can cause a LOCA.
PWR and BWR: Reactor vessel, primary loop, connecting pipes.
3.3.2 Quality Class 2

Quality class 2 applies to pressure-retaining mechanical equipment and for pressure-
retaining parts of the reactor containment, necessary to achieve the following pressure
vessel safety functions.
a. Constitute the barrier for reactor containment
PWR: Containment penetrations, isolation valves.
BWR: Containment penetrations, isolation valves, the condensation system of the
containment.
b. Emergency cooling of the reactor containment.
PWR and BWR: Containment spray
c. Decrease the reactivity of the core.
PWR: Emergency cooling system.
BWR: Hydraulic emergency shutdown system, boron injection system.
d. Immediate emergency core cooling
PWR: Emergency cooling system (for the core)
BWR: Emergency cooling system (for the core) auxiliary feed water system.
e. residual power cooling
PWR and BWR: residual heat removal system
f. Pressure relieving of the reactor power via the secondary side
PWR: Steam lines and the safety valves of the secondary side
BWR: Not applicable
Edition 4
3.3.3 Quality class 3

Quality class 3 is applicable for pressure-retaining mechanical equipment, pipe rupture
restraints and internal parts necessary to achieve the following reactor safety functions.
Pressure vessels
a. Decrease of the concentration of hydrogen in the containment.
PWR: At present this equipment does not contain pressure-bearing parts.
BWR: System for gas treatment of the atmosphere in the containment.
b. Add and remove reactor coolant and reduce the activity of the core at normal and
disturbed operation.
PWR: Parts of the chemical and volume control system.
BWR: Not applicable.
c. Cooling of spent nuclear fuel.

PWR and BWR: system for fuel pits.
d. Indirect cooling of the core or cooling of the reactor safety equipment via cooling
chains to the sea..
PWR: Closed cooling system for the reactor part, salt water system for the reactor
part, auxiliary feed water system.
BWR: Closed cooling system for the reactor part, salt water system for the reactor
part.
e. Necessary auxiliary functions for equipment of quality class 1, 2 and 3 from the
reactor safety point of view.
PWR and BWR: From the reactor safety point of view necessary lubricant oil
systems or pneumatic and hydraulic power supplies
f. After severe accidents transfer severely contaminated unfiltered containment

atmosphere to an accident filter.
PWR and BWR: Pipeline between containment and accident filters.
Internal parts for reactor pressure vessels

Maintaining core geometry in the reactor vessel in order to ensure core cooling and
reactivity control.
3.3.4 Quality class 4A

Pressure-retaining mechanical equipment of no immediate importance to the reactor
safety but which can contain large amounts of radioactive substances are assigned quality
class 4A.
PWR and BWR: Tanks for active ion exchanger compound.
3.3.5 Quality class 4

a. Pressure-retaining mechanical equipment for handling of severe accidents exclusive
of pipeline from external isolation valves to filters.
b. Pressure-retaining mechanical equipment and internal parts for reactor vessels being
essential only for operational- and staff safety are assigned quality class 4.
Edition 4
PWR and BWR: Pressure vessels in the turbine plant, sampling system, waste
system, drainage system, water treatment system, gas plant, fire protection system.
4 COMMENTS TO THE QUALITY CLASSIFICATION
4.1 Boarders between Quality Classes

Equipment of different classes connected to each other, shall be separated by valves, seals
or flow-restrictors in a way that the function of the more important equipment from the
safety point of view, is protected at break or failure by the less important one. Examples
of how this can be fulfilled are found in ANSI/ANS 51.1, ANSI/ANS 52.1 or in the
classification lists of the blocks,
4.2 Deviations from General Rules

Deviations from these general classification rules can exist. The deviations are evident
from classification lists specific for the units. Primarily they are to be found where the
use of tried standard components lead to safety and operational advantages and where the
classification is functionally motivated rather than to pressure vessel related.
4.3 Detailed quality classification

The detailed quality classification is evident from the classification lists specific for the
different units and the colour and flag marked flow charts.
Edition 4
Appendix 4: TBM SPECIFICATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TSM
Piping Enter 101

j
Valve Form 1 Enter 102A

j
Form 2 Enter 102B
j
Control Valve
Form 1 Enter 103A
j
Form 2 Enter 103B
j
Safety Valve
Form 1 Enter 104
j
Pump Form 1 Enter 106A

j
Form 2 Enter 106B
j
Heart Form 1 Enter 107A

j
exchanger Form 2 Enter 107B
j
Edition 4
SPECIFICATION FOR PIPING
E-TSM 101 Appendix
02 Plant 03 Location, Room No 04 System No 05
06 Date 07 Revised; Idate Item
08 Drawing No
OPERATING CONDITIONS
09 Medium 10 Operating Pressure 11 Operating Temperature
MPa °C
12 Transients 13
14 Ambient Conditions Pressure Temperature Humidity Radiation

Normal MPa °C RH% msi/h
15 Pressure Temperature Humidity Radiation
Abnormal MPa °C RH% msi/h
DESIGN DATA
16 Design Pressure 17 Design Temperature 18 Connection Size 19
20 Corrosion allowance 21 Inservice Inspection 22

Yes No
23 Allowable loading on connected equipment
24 Flange pressure rating 25 Flange standard
MATERIAL
26 Pipe and fittings 27 Bolting
28 Connection flanges gaskets 29 Rubber coating

YES NO
30 Weld reference piece to be submitted 31
YES NO
QUALITY
32 Quality Class 33 Disign acc To: 34 Inspection acc. to: 35
36 Tightness Class 37 38
REMARKS
Rensa formulär
TBM Appendix 4
VALVE SPECIFICATION
E-TSM 102A Appendix
02 Plant 03 Location, Room No 04 System No 05 Component No
06 Quantity 07 Location, Refering to Containment 08 Valve Code

Outside Inside
09 Date 10 Revised; Idate Item
11 Medium 12 Operating Pressure 13 Operating Temperature
MPa
14 Flow 15 Normal position 16 Opening / Closing time
Open Close Max: / Min: / s
17 Flow tending to 18 Operating Freqency 19 Transents
Open Close
Normal MPa °C RH% msi/h
Abnormal MPa °C RH% msi/h
VALVE FUNCTION
22
Isolation valve Check valve Shut-off valve
DESIGN DATA
23 Valve Type 24 Design Press 25 Design Temp 26 Max Head loss coeff.
MPa Z=
27 Connection Size 28 Connection type 29 Bonnet Relief 30 Nozzle for
Weld Flange Thread Body Leakage
Yes No drain test
31 Max differential pressure when opening the valve 32 Hard facing
MPa at max pres: MPa below disc above disc Seat Disc
33 Max differential pressure when closing the valve
MPa at max pres: MPa below disc above disc
34 Valve is end point of pressure boundary above disc
YES NO If yes, no seat leakage shall occur att hydraulic test MPa below disc
35 Stem Sealing Arrangement
Single Packing Double Packing with intermediate drain Bellows with single packing
36 Pivot Pin Sealing Arrangement (check valve)
37 Body Bonnet Sealing Arrangement

Single gasket Single gasket plus provision for seal weld alt. Pressure Seal
38 Electrical Position Indication 39 Mechanical Position Indication
Open and Closed Continuous Yes No
40 Hydraulic removal of stem packing 41 Back seat 42 Inservice Inspection
Yes No Yes No Yes No
43 Connecting Pipe Dimension / Material / Inlet 44 Connecting Pipe Dimension / Material / Outlet
/ /
45 Valve Length 46 Max Height
mm mm
47 Force on Disc / Stem
Max pressure Mpa above disc tending to open tending to close N
Max pressure Mpa below disc, valve tending to open N
Rensa formulär
TBM Appendix 4
MATERIAL E-TSM 102B Appendix
48 Body Bonnet 49 Stem
50 Disc 51 Seat
52 Gasket, Body Bonnet 53 Stem Packing
54 Connection flanges gasket
QUALITY
55 Quality Class 56 Design acc. to: 57 Inspection acc. to: 58
ACTUATOR
62 Pneumatic Motor Handwheel
DESIGN DATA ACTUATOR

63 Design Pressure 64 Design Temperature 65 Actuating Medium 66 Actuating Pressure
MPa °C Max: Min: MP
67 Spring to 68 Spring Force on Stem
Open Clos Valve Open: N Valve Closed: N
69 Total gas force on stem at min actuating pressure (see item 66)
70 Type 71 Manufactor
MOTOR
72 Specified Operating Time 73 Voltage
Min s Max: s Normal: s V
74 Position Indication
No Limit Switch Cont. Indication Spec:
75 Req. Torque opening / closing
Start: / During Operation / Nm Backseating / Nm
76 Max permitted Torque for the valve
Into open pos: Into close pos: Nm During operation: Nm
77 Valve Stem turns per full Stroke 78 Length of Storke 79 Valve Stem Diameter
mm
80 Type 81 Manufacturer
REMARK
82 Manufacturer to fill in item 47, 68, 75, 76, 77, 78 and 79:
Rensa formulär
TBM Appendix 4
CONTROL VALVE SPECIFICATION
TSM 103A Appendix
06 Quantity 07 Valve Code 08 09 Date
10 Revised, Date Item
11 Medium 12 Valve Function 13 Transients
14 Ambient Conditions Humidity Radiation

Pressure/Temp MPa/°C RH % msi/h
15 Max 16 Normal 17 Min
Flow liquid Qv m3/h
18 19 20
Flow gas at ref cond 0 °C 0,1 MPA Qn m3/h
21 22 23
Flow Steam Qm kg/s
24 25 26
Inlet Pressure P1 MPa
27 28 29
Outlet Pressure P2 MPa
30 31 32
Pressure drop ∆P MPa
33
Max pressure drop closed valve MPa
34 35 36
Inlet temperature t1 °C
37 38 39
Density (if gas at 0 °C an 0,1 MPa) S kg/m3
40 41 42
Flow coefficient kv m3/h
43 Calculated 44 Selected
Flow coeff. At 100% lift
DESIGN DATA
45 Valve Type 46 Design Press 47 Design Temp
MPa °C
48 Connection Size 49 Connection Type 50 Flow tending to
Weld Flange Thread Open Close
51 Stem Sealing Arrangement
Singel packing Double packing with intermediate drain Bellows with single packing
52 Body Bonnet Sealing Arrangement
Single gasket Single gasket plus provision for seal weld alt. Pressure Seal
53 Valve Characteristics 54 Plug Type 55 Seat Type
Equal Lin Cont. V-port Stand. Repl. Seal weld
56 Hydraulic Packing Removal 57 Nozzle for Body Drain 58 Insevice Inspection
59 Connecting Pipe Dimension / Material / Inlet 60 Connecting Pipe Dimension / Material / Outlet
/ /
61 Valve Lenght 62 Max Height
mm
Rensa formulär
TBM Appendix 4
65 Body Bonnet 66 Stem
67 Plug 68 Seat
69 Gasket, Body Bonnet 70 Stem Packing
71 Connection Flanges Gasket 72 Hard Facing

Seat Plug
73 74
QUALITY
ACTUATOR
82 Actuator Type 83 84 Actuator Acting
El Pneum Hydr.
85 Electric Supply 86 Electric Power 87 Electric Control Signal
V Hz W mA
88 Air Supply 89 Air Consumption m3/h (NPT) 90 Pneumatic Control Signal
MPa MPa
91 Positioner 92 Positioner Type 93 Positioner Supply
Yes No
94 Hand Wheel 95 Supply Failure 96 Control Signal Failure
Yes No Open Close Lock Open Close Lock
97 Rated Torque 98 Stroke Time 99
Nm s
100 Req. Torque opening / closing
Start / Nm During Operation / Nm Backseatin / Nm
101 Max. Permitted Torque for the Valve
Into open pos. Nm Into Closed pos . Nm During operation Nm
ACCESSORIES
102 Torque Limit Switches 103 Travel Limit Switches 104 Position Switches
Open pos Closed pos Open Clos Interm Yes No
105 Mech Position Indicator 106 Position Potentiometer 107 Position Transmitter
108 Tachometer 109 Motor Brake 110 Motor Capacitor
111 Controller Type 112 Limit Switch setting 113 Torque setting
Open Close Open: Close: Nm
GENERAL ACTUATOR SPECIFICATIONS

114 Manufacturer 115 Actuator Type No 116 Degree of Protection
117 Weight 118 Drawings No 119 Wiring Diagram

kg
REMARKS
120 Manufacturer to fill in item 86, 89, 92, 93, 97, 98, 100, 101, 113
TBM Appendix 4 Rensa formulär

SPECIFICATION FOR SAFETY VALVE
E-TSM 104 Appendix
06 Quantity 07 Valve Code 08 09 Date
10 Revised / Date / Item
11 Medium 12 Inlet Pressure 13 Inlet Temperature
MPa °C
14 Specified Capacity 1) 15 Outlet Pressure 16 Outlet Temperature
tons/h MPa °C
17 Set pressure 18 Opening Pressure 19 Reseat Pressure
MPa MPa MPa
20 Available Pressure Drop 21 Critical Pressure Drop
MPa Yes No
22 Initial Back Pressure 23 Max. Back Pressure 24
MPa MPa
25 Ambient Conditions
Pressure/Temp MPa/°C Humidity %RH Radiation msi/h
DESIGN DATA
26 Inlet Connection Size 27 Outlet Connection Size
28 Inlet Connection Type 29 Outlet Connection Type

Weld Flange Thread Weld Flange Thread
30 x) If both Weld and Flange is marked, it means Single Gasket plus provision for Seal Weld
31 Inlet Design Pressure / Temp 32 Outlet Design Pressure / Temp

MPa/°C MPa/C°
33 Free Discharge 34 Back Pressure Dependent
Yes No Yes No
35 Spindle Seal 36 Bellows Pressure Dependent
Mfr. standard Bellows MPa/C°
37 Body Bonnet Gasket Arr.
Mfr. standard
38 Connecting Pipe Dimension / Material Inlet 39 Connecting Pipe Dimension/Material Outlet
/ /
40 Accessories for electro magnetic additional tightening force
Yes No If yes, see separate Component Specification
MATERIAL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
41 Inlet, material 42 Outlet, material 43
44 Connection flanges gaskets

Inlet: Outlet:
45 Seat / Disc
Standard Resilient seal Yes No
46 Quality Class 47 Design acc. to: 48 Inspection acc. to: 49 Tightness Class
REMARKS
50 Manufacture Valve type No Real capacity at ∆P
MPa tons/h
Rensa formulär
TBM Appendix 4
PUMP SPECIFICATON
E-TSM 106A Appendix
02 Plant 03 Location, Room No 04 System No 05 Component
06 Quantity 07 Date 08 Revised: Date/Item
09 Medium Pumped 10 Medium Temp 11 Normal Capacity
°C m3/h
12 Total Head at Nom. Cap. 13 Suction Pressure 14 NPSH Available
m min max MPa m
15 Operation 16
Continuou Intermittent Spec: Single Parallel Electric Supply: V
17 Ambient Temperature 18 Humidity 19 Radiation
°C %RH msi msi/h
DESIGN DATA
20 Pump Type 21 Design Temp 22 Design Press 23 Test Pressure
°C MPa MPa
24 Available Cooling Water 25 Shaft Seal Type
Nom. Temp. °C Des. Temp. °C
Des. Press. MPa Test Press. MPa
26 Flushing Water 27 Leakage Conn.
External Internal with filter Internal without filter Yes No
28 Connection Type 29 Connection for
Flang Weld Vent Drain Pressure Gauge
30 Connection Pipework Dim/.Material
Suction: Discharge: Drain:
31 Connection Geometry 32 Transients
33 34
DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE DATA

35 Pump Nomenclature 36 Dim. Drg No 37 Sect. Drg No 38 Pump Curve No
39 Torque Curve No 40 Pump Speed 41 Efficiency 42 NPSH Required

rpm % m
43 kW at Duty Point 44 kW Max 45 Impell. Diam. Design 46 Impeller Diam.
mm Max: Min
47 Rotation Facing Couping end 48 Min Flow Req. 49 Cooling Water Req. 50 Shaft Seal,Mfr,Nomenclature
Clockwise: CCW: m3/h m3/h
51 Flushing water for 52 Connection Sizes
Shaft Seal: l/min Vent: Drain: Cool. Water: Pressure gauge:
:
53 Transmission Type 54 Gear Ratio 55 Transmission Effciency
Direct Belt Gear Other:
56 Moment of Inertia 57 Shaft Trust (not taken up by pumb
bearings)
Pump: kgm2 GD2/4 Transm. kgm2 kp; direction:
58 Weight in kg 59 Branch Sizes and Standard
Pump: Maximum Suction Disharge: Drain:
Incl Base Coupl. Maintenence:
60 Foundation Bolts 61 Aux Equipment Required
Size: Spec:
62 Performance Test Standard 63 Class 64
DIN 1944 BS 599
Rensa formulär
TBM Appendix 4
65 Casing. Purch. Spec. Mfr Spec. 66 Impeller Puch. Spec. Mfr Spec.
67 Shaft 68 Shaft Sleeve
69 Wear Ring 70
71 Stuffing box packing 72 Connection flanges gaskets
QUALITY
MOTOR
80 Motor Type 81 Rated Power Output 82 Rotation Speed
83 Rated Current 84 Starting Current 85 Cos φ

A A
86 Rated Voltage 87 Frequency 88 Efficiency
V
89 Disposition 90 Moment of Inertia 91 Torque Speed Curve No
Motor GD2/4
Kgm2
92 Estimated Start-up Time with Load At Normal Voltage At 70% of
(until Rated Speed is obtained) sec sec
93 Type of Duty 94 Form of Cooling 95 Coolant Flow Required
96 Temperature Class 97 Premissible External Load on Bearings

Axial: N Radial: N
98 Degree of Protection 99 Drain Holes
Motor: Termial box: Yes: Spec:
100 Terminal box 101 Dimensional Drawing No 102 Load Power required incl. Transm.
Max Conductor Area: 2
mm (Design Power): kW
103 Weight of Motor 104 Moment of Inertia 105 Normal Power Cosumption
2
kg (Load Incl Transm) GD /4 Design Power: kW
2
Kgm
106 Type of Bearings 107 Aux. Equipment Required
REMARKS
108
x Available and Required NPSH Values are referenced to First Impeller Eye/underside baseplate xx Including No of stages
109 Max Nosie Level: Distance: Standard:
dB/(A) m
110
Rensa formulär
TBM Appendix 4
HEAT EXCHANGER SPECIFICTION
E-TSM 107A Appendix
06 Quantity 07 Date 08 Revised: Date/Item
THERMAL PART
09 Rating 10 Mean temp diff corr. 11 Overall Heat transper coeff.
kW kW/m2°C
12 Surface per unit 13 Number of shells 14 Surface per shall
m2 m2
Primary Side Secondary Side
15 16
Medium acc. to
17 18
Flow kg/s
19 20
Temp Inlet °C
21 22
Temp Outlet °C
23 24
Operating Pressure (absolute) MPa
25 26
Nummer of passes
27 28
Velocity m/s
29 30
Pressure Drop MPa (max) (min)
31 32
Fouling resistance m2°C/kW
33 34
Heat transfer coefficient kW/m2°C
DESIGIN AND PERFORMANCE PART
35 36
Design temp °C
37 38
Design pressure, internal (absolute) MPa
39 40
Design pressure,external (absolute) MPa
41 42
Design acc. to
43 44
Inspection acc. to
45 46
Quality class
47 48
Tightness class
49 50
Corrosion protection, external
51 52
Radiation internal msi/h
53 Ambient Conditions 54 Forces and moments from connecting pipe
55 Pressure differece across tube plate 56 Operating conditions. Transients
REMARK
57 To be stated by manufacturer
TBM Appendix 4 Rensa formulär

DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE PART E-TSM 107B Appendix
Type and arrangement
58 Tube exchanger 61 U-tubes 62 Straight tubes 63 Horisontal
59 Plate exchanger 64 Vertical
60 To be proposed by manufactor
Type of tube fixing
65 Welding after rolling 66 Rolled
67 To be proposed by manufactor
Connecting pipes Primary side Secondary side
Size Weld Flange Pipe Code Size Weld Flange Pipe Code
68 69
Inlet mm
70 71
Outlet mm
72 73
Drain mm
74 75
Venting mm
76 77
78 79
Instrumentation
80 81
Type of flange steal

82 Double seal with interm. drainage 86 Double seal with interm. drainage
83 Single seal with prov. for sealing 87 Single seal with prov. for sealing
84 Single seal l 88 Single seal l
85 Seal according to mfr´s standard 89 Seal according to mfr´s standard
Material 90 Tubes 91 Tubeplate 92 Channel 93 Shell
Tube
exchanger
Plate 94 Plates 95 Nozzles 96 Gaskets between plates 97 Conn. flanges

exchanger Prim.
Sec.
98 Max Cobalt Content 0,2 % in item
99 Weight empty: 100 Weight, during operation
101 Max, overall length: 102 Max, overall height:
103 Manufactured by: 104 Constructions drawings No
REMARK
105 To be stated by manufacturer
Rensa formulär
TBM Appendix 4
Appendix 5: Oxide reference
Edition 4
TBM Appendix 6 1(11)
APPENDIX 6 DEFINITIONS
Term Definition PAKT Reference
Acceptable Defect The largest defect geometry for which adequate PBM2
safety margins for continued operation still are pre-
sent, according to applicable codes and standards
and considering all relevant degradation mecha-
nisms.
Accreditation A formal recognition that an inspection or certifying KBM
body is found competent to perform certain speci-
fied evaluation and/or tests/inspections. In Sweden
the Swedish Board for Technical Accreditation
(SWEDAC ) performs accreditation’s.
Note: Foreign accreditation’s shall be performed by
a national accreditation body with whom SWEDAC
has a multilateral agreement.
Accredited certifying Organisation which, through accreditation in accor- ABM, SKIFS
body dance with the regulations of the Swedish Board for KBM 2000:2
Technical Accreditation and the regulations for
accredited certifying bodies, is deemed competent to
issue certificates for personnel covering the joining
of structural components in or for nuclear installa-
tions, or is deemed competent to certify production
in accordance with the standards of structural com-
ponents for nuclear installations. [Ref. SKIFS
1994:1]
Accredited Inspection Organisation which, via accreditation for the whole KBM, SKIFS
Agency (AK) of Category 1 (Denotes the scope of the accredita- TBM, 2000:2
tion. Category 1 has the most stringent require- PBM2
Accredited Inspection ments) in accordance with the regulations concern-
Body (AK) ing accredited inspection-agencies in third-party
position, issued by Swedish Board for Technical
Accreditation (SWEDAC), has been declared com-
petent to carry out independent technical inspection
of mechanical components in or related to nuclear
installations and also competent to assess manufac-
turers.
Accredited Laboratory Organisation, which via accreditation, in accordance KBM, SKIFS
(AL) with the regulations concerning accredited laborato- TBM, 2000:2
ries, issued by the Swedish Board for Technical PBM2
Accreditation (SWEDAC), has been declared com-
petent to carry out inspection of mechanical compo-
nents in or related to nuclear installations.
Edition 4
Accredited laboratory Laboratory in a third party position that has ob- KBM
according to AFS tained accreditation for applicable service according
to the Swedish law (SFS 1992:1119) regarding
technical inspection (Ref. AFS 1999:6)
Note: Foreign accreditation’s shall be performed by
a national accreditation body with whom the Swed-
ish accreditation body (SWEDAC) has a multilat-
eral agreement.
Active Component A component which must move mechanically to TBM ANSI/A

achieve the desired safety function. [ANSI/ANS NS 51.1-
51.1 - 1983, ANSI/ANS 52.1 - 1983] ANSI/A
NS 52.1-
1983
Bodies Accredited certifying body or inspection body in a KBM

third party position. (Ref. AFS 1999:6)
Certificate of Compli- A certificate issued by the Accredited Inspection KBM

ance Agency, to certify that a product or service (e.g. a
back fit or inspection) fulfils the requirements of
SKIFS 2000:2.
Characterisation Analysis of NDT data to determine if a defect shall PBM2
be regarded as surface breaking, embedded planar
or embedded volumetric.
Defect- and Structural The Analysis of the structural integrity of a compo- PBM2
Integrity Analysis nent and determination of which defects that can
occur in it. The Analysis consists of two parts:
- A structural integrity Analysis, which includes
critical and acceptable defect size, also the
growth rate for defects under the prevailing op-
erational and environmental conditions. The
Analysis shall be performed for the range of de-
fect orientations according to accepted codes
and Analysis models.
- A defect description as described below
Edition 4
Defect Description An description of the defect types that may occur in PBM2
the component(s) that the inspection qualification
shall be valid for. The defect description includes all
defects that reasonably could exist in the compo-
nent, even those that will not be included in the
inspection (e.g. certain manufacturing defects).
Those defects that are to be included in the inspec-
tion and thus in the qualification, shall be identified
These shall be described in detail with regard to
orientation and other characteristics, such as type
(crack like / volumetric), morphology (smooth /
rough crack surface), tilt, skew, etc. The defect de-
scription is then the basis for the defect specifica-
tion, which describes the defects in the test blocks
for the practical demonstrations.
Defect Specification A specification for the manufacture of test pieces PBM2

which exactly describes the types, sizes, number
and location of defects in a test piece intended for
practical demonstration. Defect specifications for
open test blocks are the responsibility of the licen-
see, usually in collaboration with the inspection
vendor (accredited laboratory).
Design Criteria For the sub-area mechanical integrity the design KBM,
criteria are defined as the design basis and includes TBM
events, loads, load overpressurisation protection
criteria and the evaluation thereof.
Note: See also the definition of design specification
Design review Review that the manufacturing documents fulfil KBM
specified requirements. It is performed by an ac-
credited body or in special cases as In-house review.
Design Specification A document containing all necessary information KBM, TBM

for making a design. The design specification con-
sists of a general description and design conditions
for sub-areas. Instances of sub-areas are: function,
capacity, mechanical integrity, reactor safety,
maintenance and environment.
Sub-areas to be regarded are those needed for a total
function.
Detection To correctly determine the existence of a defect and PBM2
its location through Analysis of the NDT data ac-
cording to the criteria within the NDT procedure.
Edition 4
Detection Target In the defect population for which an inspection is PBM2

being qualified, the detection target is the smallest
defect the inspection system must be able to detect
and when included in the qualification, also be able
to characterise and size. The detection target is de-
fined by the licensee (TH)/accredited laboratory
(AL) and may be based on several different criteria,
e.g. the detection ability of the inspection system,
achievable sizing tolerances or future needs to in-
spect other components (expanded qualifica-
tion).The detection target should primarily be based
on the structural integrity Analysis and should be
chosen to be equal to or smaller than the qualifica-
tion defect. The aim should be to choose the detec-
tion target as the qualification defect size minus the
sizing tolerance for the inspection at hand.
Discrimination Analysis of NDT data in accordance with criteria in PBM2
the NDT procedure that results in the correct identi-
fication of signals occurring from defects and those
signals that may occur from other sources such as
material structure, electrical signals, geometrical
variations etc.
Dissimilar metal welds A joint between different types of material, e.g. KBM
carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel or carbon
steel and nickel base alloy.
Essential variables The properties of the entire inspection system, PBM2

(NDT qualification) which may vary or be varied and must be controlled
or kept constant to ensure an expected response.
Evaluate A comparison between obtained results and estab- KBM,

lished requirements. TBM,
PBM2
In-house (1:st party) Inspection carried out as part of one’s own activities KBM
Inspection (including that carried out by outside parties) under
one’s own responsibility. [SKIFS 1996:1, AFS
1994:39]
Note: The organisation must have the necessary
technical resources and staff with the necessary
training, practice, experience and technical knowl-
edge for the task in question.
In-line Instruments Instruments directly applied in the process system, KBM
for instance rotameters, flow switches, thermo wells
etc
In-service inspection Inspection that is repeated at regular intervals dur- KBM, TBM
ing the operational lifetime of a component.
Edition 4
Indication A signal or areas of signals or other responses that PBM2

indicate a possible defect and that shall be evaluated
in accordance with criteria in the NDT procedure.
Inspection Inspection is a process of verifying conformity with KBM, TBM SKIFS

a written requirement, which can be carried out at a 2000:2
number of levels:
a) At the highest level, inspectioncan mean a for-
mal third party inspection to satisfy a legal re-
quirement for independent endorsement.
b) At the intermediate level, inspection can mean
verifying by a variety of means that a specifica-
tion has been met e.g. with regard to the overall
size and shape of a component.
c) The most specialised use of the word is syn-
onymous with NDT e.g. in-service inspection of
nuclear components
Because the word ”inspection” is in widespread use
throughout the world in each of the three senses
given above, no single meaning is given here. The
applicable meaning must be deduced from the con-
text.
Inspection after instal- Inspection in order to establish if the installed KBM SKIFS
lation equipment complies with the specified require- 2000:2
ments.
Inspection documents A common term for documents that control the KBM,
manufacturing inspections, installation inspections TBM,
and ISIs and the inspections in the plant. The docu- PBM1
ments can include programmes, procedures, in-
structions, drawings etc.
Inspection group Grouping of the entities to be inspected, based on an KBM
evaluation of the consequences of a damage and the
probability for the occurrence of such a damage.
Inspection Interval The period of time between two consecutive ISIs. PBM2
According to the definition of Qualification Defect,
the inspection interval may not be longer than the
time it takes for a defect to grow from qualification
defect size to acceptable defect size.
Note however, that if there is no reason to expect
defects to be present (the normal case), or if no de-
fects are detected in an ISI, the following inspection
interval may be calculated as the time of defect
growth from defect target size to acceptable defect
size.
Edition 4
Inspection System An inspection system comprises all the support PBM2

equipment, recording and evaluation equipment,
procedures with associated instructions and inspec-
tors who carry out the tasks which are required in
order to perform and evaluate an inspection.
Inspection – of manu- Inspection, mainly visual, regarding dimensions, KBM
facturing and repair workmanship tolerances etc.
Internal Parts Components within the pressure retaining structure KBM, TBM
which are not pressure-retaining, i e pump shafts,
pump impellers, bearings, bushings, etc.
Internals in Reactor Components and structures inside the reactor pres- KBM, TBM
Pressure Vessel sure vessel .
Note: The interface between reactor pressure vessel
and internals, see definition of reactor pressure ves-
sel.
Licensee (TH) Organisation which has been authorised to carry on KBM,
nuclear activities, e.g. operate nuclear power plants, TBM,
in accordance with § 5 of the Swedish Nuclear Ac- PBM2
tivities Act (lagen om kärnteknisk verksamhet).
Load-bearing parts A common term for frame work, hangers, supports, KBM, TBM
guides, lugs, snubbers, lifting lugs, brackets, pipe-
restraints, and other anchoring elements, bolts and
nuts.
Mandatory inspection Inspection that is prescribed by the authority and is KBM

specified in a regulation e g SKIFS, AFS, STAFS.
Mechanical equipment Collective term for equipment or parts thereof as- KBM, TBM SKIFS
signed to retain internal or external pressure or me- 2000:2
chanical load or to hold, move or guide components
in an intended way. [Ref SKIFS 1994:1]
Note: Mechanical equipment or part thereof is in
this context pressure- and load bearing structure
such as pipe system, pressure vessel including the
supports and snubbers, restraints and the internals in
pressure retaining components.
Millstock Materials, e.g plate, bars, beams, seamless pipes, KBM, TBM SKIFS
rough forgings and castings, that are used in the 2000:2
manufacture of products or components
Non conformance / Not fulfilling specified requirements. PBM2 /
Deviation KBM, TBM
Object Category A group of pressure-retaining components which KBM, TBM
are treated in a similar way, for instance with re-
spect to inspection. Which of the six present object
categories a device belongs to, depends on such
factors as pressure, temperature, content etc. for the
device in question. [AFS 1994:39]
Edition 4
Off-line Instrument An instrument connected to a process system KBM

through a line of nominal size less than DN 20 (The
instrument is not a “pressure vessel“ and require-
ments according to classification of functions are
applicable).
Open Tank A liquid storage vessel in which the pressure above KBM, TBM
the liquid surface cannot exceed atmospheric pres-
sure by more than 3 kPa (0,03 bar) or fall below by
more than 0,65 kPa (0,0065 bar). (AFS 1994:39)
Other Inspection or Inspection or testing required by the purchaser or KBM

Testing inspection or testing which is normally carried out
at the manufacturer’s shop as standard for the de-
vice in question (not required by authority).
Passive Components A component which is not an “active component“ TBM

[ANSI/ANS 51.1 - 1983, ANSI/ANS 52.1 - 1983]
Pipe restraints Equipment incl. anchoring made to control pipe KBM, TBM
movements by a postulated pipe rupture.
Pipeline An assembly consisting of pipe, fittings and ancil- KBM, TBM

laries. The boundary between a pressure vessel and
a pipeline is considered to be the weld joint against
the vessel nozzle, where the weld is considered to
be part of the pipeline. In a flanged connection the
boundary is between the flanges
Edition 4
Practical The assessment of an inspection system by applying PBM2

Assessment/Trials it to test pieces containing defects. It should demon-
strate the ability to detect, localise, characterise and
size defects. The trials can relate to one or more of
the above items. Practical assessments can be car-
ried out as blind trials or open trials.
Blind Trial
A trial in which an inspection system is applied to a
test piece and those applying it have no specific and
detailed knowledge of the numbers, sizes, orienta-
tions and positions of any defects which the test
piece may contain. Blind trials are normally used
for the qualification of personnel.
Open Trial
A trial of an inspection system in which those ap-
plying the inspection to test pieces have specific
knowledge of the defects in the test pieces. Open
trials are normally used for the qualification of
equipment and procedures.
Pressure-Retaining A common term for pressure vessels, vacuum ves- KBM, TBM
Components sels, heat exchangers, open tanks, pipelines, pumps
and valves for liquids or gases etc.
Pressure-retaining Pressure-retaining parts refer to parts subjected to KBM, TBM

Parts internal or external overpressure and with tightness
requirements. These also include parts for fastening
the above, as well as components which support,
carry or guide pressure-retaining parts when joined
by welding.
Pressure-retaining parts refer to, e g.:
Pressure vessels, shell, heads, nozzles, tube plates,
pipes, tubes, pipe fittings, couplings, valve hous-
ings, valve bonnets, valve closing devices (globe),
valve bellows, pump housings, pump housing cov-
ers, compressor housings, LP / HP turbine housings,
turbine condensers, bolts and nuts for joining pres-
sure-retaining parts. Also welds on pressure retain-
ing parts are considered pressure retaining.
Parts not referred to as pressure-retaining:
Shafts, stems, liners, spray nozzles, bearings, bush-

ings, springs, wear protection plate, seals, glands,
stuffing boxes, gaskets or valve seats, ceramic mate-
rials and special alloys for electrical penetrations,
pneumatic or hydraulic actuators.
Edition 4
Pressure Vessel Vessel (other than open tank) in which the prevail- KBM, TBM
ing pressure is higher or potentially higher than
atmospheric pressure. (AFS 1999:6)
Procedure The predetermined steps which are to be followed at KBM,

the process of testing, machining or joining that TBM,
shall be documented with specification of all the PBM2
necessary parameters and precautions to be taken
into account.
Purpose The chosen solution and acceptance criteria to fulfil PBM2

a prescribed safety case. This includes codes and
standards, technical solutions, inspection methods
and techniques, etc.
Qualification Investigation and demonstration verifying that, for KBM, SKIFS
instance, a person or a procedure for testing, ma- TBM, 2000:2
chining or joining, has the ability to manage his PBM2
specified tasks.
Qualification Body The organisation which invigilates and reviews KBM, SKIFS
(KO) inspection qualification activities in accordance PBM2 2000:2
with the qualification rules laid down. The qualifi-
cation body in Sweden is the SQC Swedish NDT
Qualification Centre.
The qualification body shall be approved by the
Swedish Nuclear Inspectorate (SKI).
Qualification certificate A Certificate of an approved inspection qualifica- PBM2
(NDT systems) tion.
Qualification Defect The acceptable defect, from which the defect PBM2
growth, calculated to take place under the prevailing
operational conditions over the inspection interval,
is subtracted.
Reactor pressure vessel The reactor pressure vessel is the pressure vessel KBM, TBM SKI
encasing the radioactive fuel. Parts welded to the rapp.
pressure vessel including the actual welds also be- 94:27
longs to the reactor vessel. The interface between
the reactor vessel and connecting pipe line is the
weld that joins the reactor pressure vessel with the
connecting pipe line. Safe ends belongs to the reac-
tor vessel. As a consequence of the definition also
welds joining the inside of the reactor pressure ves-
sel belongs to the reactor pressure vessel e.g. welds
for the core shroud support structure, penetrations
for the control rods, lugs etc. [SKI report 94:27]
Repair Measure which is taken to re-establish the proper- KBM, TBM
ties with respect to the specified requirements.
Edition 4
Review Survey and assessment of documents, e.g. drawings, KBM,

calculations, certificates. TBM,
PBM2
Scope The extent or volume of a task. For inspection: The SKIFS

portion of a component to be inspected. 2000:2
Series Production Series production refers to line production of me- KBM, TBM SKIFS
chanical equipment of the same type during a cer- 2000:2
tain period according to Swedish or foreign standard
and according to common documents for design and
manufacturing, with equal production methods and
equal quality control documents.
Components of quality class 1 are normally not
series produced.
Sizing To establish the size of a defect in a plane parallel to PBM2
the component surface (length) and/or in a plane
perpendicular to the component surface (depth).
Special bolts and nuts In this context, the term ‘special’ refers to bolts and KBM, TBM
nuts manufactured in relatively small quantities for
a specific application.
Standard bolts and nuts In this context the term "standard" refers to bolts KBM, TBM
and nuts which are mass produced, inspected and
marked in accordance with a Swedish or foreign
standard.
Supervision Sufficient follow-up in order to certify the compli- KBM
ance with the regulations.
Supervised in-house In-house inspection randomly supervised and evalu- KBM

inspection ated by an accredited inspection body. [SKIFS
1996.1]
Surveillance By physical presence ensure that an activity has KBM

been correctly performed.
System A common term for pipelines and components KBM, TBM

whose combined function comprises or is a part of a
process system.
Edition 4
Technical Justification A collection of all the necessary information which KBM, ENIQ
(TJ) provides evidence that the inspection system can PBM2 Report
meet its stated objectives. The purpose of a TJ can 12 –
be: Glossary
1) To overcome the limitations of a limited number
of test pieces that can be used by citing all the evi-
dence which supports an assessment of the capabil-
ity of the inspection system to perform to the re-
quired level and hence provide a better defined con-
fidence in the inspection.
2) To complement and generalise any practical trials
by demonstrating that, if the practical trial results to
be obtained for the specific configuration of the test
pieces (specific defects, specific geometry, etc.)
meet the specified requirements, this implies that
they could equally have been obtained for any other
of the possible configurations.
3) To provide a technical basis for designing effi-
cient test piece trials.
4) To provide a technical basis for the selection of
the essential parameters of the inspection system
and their valid range.
The TJ may include physical reasoning,
mathematical modelling, results from RRT’s,
(e.g. the British Defect Detection Trials (DDT),
PISC, ENIQ Pilot Study) , field inspection re-
sults or experimental studies as appropriate .
The TJ does not have to apply to a complete inspec-
tion system as indicated above, but may as well be
applied to any part of it, where adequate technical
data is available.
The Reactor Coolant Reactor pressure vessels and equipment pressurised KBM, TBM ANSI/A
Pressure Boundary - by the reactor up to: NS 52.1-
RCPB 1983
- External isolation valve on piping penetrating the
containment wall.
- The safety valves and the blow-down valves of the
reactor.
- The second of two, during operation, normally
closed valves, in a pipe which does not penetrate the
containment wall
Vacuum Vessel Vessel (other than open tank) in which the prevail- KBM,
ing pressure is lower or potentially lower than at- TBM, PBM
mospheric pressure. (AFS 1999:6)
Visual Inspection Inspection by visual observation KBM, TBM
Edition 4

Nuclear Weld Conditions

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TBM

This document is jointly produced by the Swedish nuclear power

Barsebäck Power Station Forsmark Power Station

Oskarshamn Power Station Ringhals Power Station

3.1.2 Plastic and Rubber .................................................................................................................................26

4.3.3 Design and Calculation..........................................................................................................................59

4.6 PROCESS MEASURING EQUIPMENT .................................................................................................................82

4.11.5 Corrosion Protection and Transport......................................................................................................97

Appendix 1 Event Categorization in ANSI / ANS-52.1-1983

Index of Revisions - TBM

Chapter 3 describes general requirements and regulations regarding design, manufacture

Chapter 4 describes requirements specifically related to objects and regulations, which

Chapter 5 describes requirements made on analysis of postulated defects and the

2.1 Field of Application

TBM is applicable to such mechanical equipment which is covered by the following

Mechanical equipment included in barriers and mechanical equipment which have

• a nuclear power reactor,

In applicable parts, TBM can be used as guidance for purchasing of mechanical

TBM is not applicable to :

• mechanical parts in nuclear fuel bundles,

of which SKI stipulates particular terms and conditions.

TBM is neither applicable to :

2.2 Definitions,Abbreviations and applicable Regulations, Codes and

2.2.3 Tabulation of applicable regulations, codes and standards

Swedish regulations, codes and standards

PRN 1988 Plastic Piping Codes

TKN 1987 Pressure vessel code

2.3.2 Quality Classification

Quality class 1 (See also Appendix 3, item 3.3.1)

Quality class 2 (See also Appendix 3, item 3.3.2)

Quality class 3 (See also Appendix 3, item 3.3.3)

Quality class 4A (See also Appendix 3, item 3.3.4)

Quality class 4 (See also Appendix 3, item 3.3.5)

Pressure-retaining parts affecting the safety of the staff.

Internal parts not included in quality class 3.

2.3.3 Information of Quality Class in Force

2.3.4 Information of Object Group in Force

2.4 Design Specifications

• Modifications and additional constructions

2.4.3.3 Design criteria

2.4.3.7 Pressure relieves

2.4.3.8 Active function

2.4.3.9 Particularly requirements for components

2.5 Design Criteria

For modifications in a plant which affect mechanical equipment by means of

In General Recommendations concerning the application of SKIFS 2000:2 several

2.5.2 Direction and work schedule

The following procedure should be used at drawing up:

• Make clear the functional requirements

2.5.3 Mechanical equipment of quality class 1

The design criteria shall also state the code to be applied.

2.5.4 Mechanical equipment of quality class 2 and 3

2.5.5 Mechanical equipment of quality class 4A and 4

2.5.6 Mechanical equipment not being quality classed

2.5.7 Modes of operation

By evaluating this, relevant operating cases can be drawn up on a component level.

• Normal operation (pressure, temperature, own weight)

2.5.8.1 Design Loadings

2.5.8.2 Service Loadings

2.5.8.3 Test Loadings

2.5.9 Acceptable Stresses

2.5.9.1 Design Limits

2.5.9.2 Service Limits

2.5.9.3 Test Limits