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increasing (Morallo, 2017). Mining sites are occupying the remote areas
of the country for the pursuit of intensive mineral extraction (Moss, 2015).
The unregulated surface run-off of mine tailings has resulted for heavy
metals to be discharged in water irrigation outflows (Egashira et. al.,
2012). Water contamination in Western Visayas (Almendral, 2017) was
found to be also caused by mine tailing deposition (Coil et. al., 2014). For
many years, mining corporations have been using synthetic chemical
substances to treat heavy metals in the water (Lenntech, 2007). The
search for more natural procedures involving heavy metal removal has
led to the discovery of biosorption (Batool et al., 2015). The shells from
locally found marine bivalves hold potential in becoming an effective
media for biosorption (Solidum, J. and Solidum, G., 2012) through the
utilization of their chitin content which possesses high affinity in binding
heavy metals (Saradan et. al., 2012). The presence of chitin among
these bivalves can be utilized for resolving the issue on remediation of
mine tailing effluents (Yao et. al., 2014).
In this study, extracted chitin from Bractechlamys vexillum, Placuna
placenta, and Perna viridis were evaluated to determine their effect on
the concentration of heavy metal Manganese (Mn) in mine water through
the measurement of their corresponding adsorption percentages.
General Objective
This study aimed to determine the effect of extracted chitin from
marine bivalves towards the concentration of heavy metal
Manganese (Mn) in mine water.
Specific Objectives
1.To determine the heavy metal Mn concentration removed in actual
and simulated mine water samples treated with extracted
chitin from shells of Bractechlamys vexillum, Placuna placenta, and
Perna viridis.
2.To determine the chemical composition of chitin from
Bractechlamys vexillum, Placuna placenta, and Perna viridis.
3.To determine the morphological characteristics of chitin from
Bractechlamys vexillum, Placuna placenta, and Perna viridis.
4.To determine the significant difference in the heavy metal Mn
concentration removed in actual and simulated mine water
treated with extracted chitin from Bractechlamys vexillum, Placuna
placenta, and Perna viridis compared to the negative control.
Almendral, A. (2017, April 28). Philippines Moves to Shut Mines Accused of Polluting.
The New York Times, p. A10 .
Batool, R.,Yrjala, K., Jamil, N., & Hasnain, S. (2015). Production of EPS under Cr (VI)
challenge in two indigenous bacteria isolated from a tannery effluent. J Basic
Microbiol 54:1-11
Coil, D., Lester, E.,& Higman, B. (2014). Mine Tailings. Retrieved from:
http://www.groundtruthtrekking.org/Issues/MetalsMining/MineTailings.html
Egashira, R., Tanabe, S., & Habaki, H. (2012). Adsorption of heavy metals in mine
wastewater by Mongolian natural zeolite. Procedia Engineering Journal, 49-57.
Lenntech. (2007). Heavy Metal Removal. Retrieved from:
http://www.lenntech.com/processes/heavy/heavy_metals_removal.html
Morallo, A. (2017, February 2). DENR to close 21 mining firms.PhilStar Global, p. 1.
Moss, T. (2015). Mining Companies in Philippines Face Many Travails.Wall Street
Journal.
Saradan, D., Gomathi, T., & Sudha, P.N. (2012). Sorption studies on heavy metal
removal using chitin/bentonitebiocomposite. Retrieved from:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141813012004345
Solidum J. & Solidum, G. (2012).Assessment and Remediation of Heavy Metals in
Community Tap Water from Manila, Philippines. International Conference on
Environmental Science and Engineering (IPCBEE) vol. 32
Yao, Z., Xia, M., Li, H., &Zheng, H. (2014). Bivalve Shell: Not an Abundant Useless
Waste but a Functional and Versatile Biomaterial. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277384682_Bivalve_Shell_Not_an_Abu
ndant_Useless_Waste_but_a_Functional_and_Versatile_Biomaterial
The following are the beneficiaries of this study:
Miners. Their mineral extraction sites will less likely to cause
casualties due to the prevention of mine tailing effluents through efficient
mine water treatment whereby decreasing the rate of heavy metal
contamination spreading across bodies of water.