Recent Advances in Preventing Adverse Reactions to Transfusion

MALOLOY-ON, MICAELA NINA O.

SECTION A, THIRD ROTATION, DAVAO REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER

TRISHA KAYE MASBATE, RMT

 INTRODUCTION

The purpose of the study is deal with some of the advancements in widening the safety of the
blood supply, most specific specifically, the pathogen reduction technologies, bacterial
contamination risk reduction, and transfusion related acute lung injury risk mitigation strategies.
Blood transfusion has always been a risky procedure, for transfusion related complications may
arise, of which will cause harm to the recipient. The study emphasizes that although
communities of transfusion medicine has decreased the risk of (TTIDs) Transfusion Transmitted
Infectious Disease, some risks still remains which appears as the leading cause blood product
transfusion fatalities. It also shows some, although not all of the advancements which help to
prevent such fatalities caused by infectious and non-infectious transfusion risks. Points were
sufficiently presented with regards to significance of the study, in an orderly manner.

DESIGN AND PROCEDURE

The study is all about recent advances in preventing the adverse reactions of the transfusion of
blood. It also shows the factors that causes the transfusion reactions other than the infectious
diseases that are transfusion transmitted such as transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI),
transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), microbial infection, Immunomodulation,
nosocomial infection, and other consequences of biologic response modifiers. Recent
advances presented were Pathogen reduction technologies such as PR technologies, Bacterial
contamination risk reduction such as a combination of techniques to reduce the risk of microbial
contamination in the final blood product, through improved disinfection methods for the
venipuncture site, introduction of the diversion pouch during the blood collection method, and
automated bacterial culture of platelet products, as well as platelet additive solutions and PR
systems. The study was able to show how such transfusion reaction can be prevented with the
use of the advances presented in the study and the aseptic techniques to be followed in a
laboratory to provide a safe transfusion for the recipient.

DISCUSSION

Transfusion of blood is always a risky procedure which is why blood centers and transfusion
program or services continue to pursue substantial efforts to prevent infectious and non-
infectious complications associated with blood product transfusion. This study sets out an alarm
that as a professional in a medical field, it is our duty to recognize and remain one step ahead
of the emerging pathogens that threaten the safety of transfusable blood components.
Advances such as the PR technologies are vital as aims to give no risk from the existing and
emerging pathogens in blood products. With the recent advances, and proper blood
component transfusion techniques and storage will definitely help decrease the fatalities
associated to blood transfusion reaction.