EXPERIMENTS

WITH WL 110.03 SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

SAFETY

WARNING!

Electrical connections are exposed when the rear panel is open.

Risk of electric shock.

WARNING!

The hot water circuit can be operated at temperatures up to 70°C.

Contact with hot water can cause scalding.

WARNING!

The hot water circuit can be operated at temperatures up to 70°C.

The results shown are intended as a guide only. Depending on the construction
of the individual components, experimental skills and environmental conditions,
deviations may occur in the experiments. Nevertheless, the laws can be clearly
demonstrated.

1 Experiment aims

1. Comparison of parallel flow and counter flow operation. Heat transmission

and representation of temperature curves.
2. Investigation of heat transmission when changing the cold water and hot
water flow rates.
 3. Comparison of heat transmission for the different heat exchanger types (WL
110.01 Tubular Heat Exchanger and WL 110.03 Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger).

2 Experiment series, general conditions

This series of experiments includes experiments V07-03 to V12-03. The first

number in this designation indicates the experiments, while the second number
indicates the heat exchanger used. Values of parameters (Flow direction, Vc , Vh
SP(T7) and TC) undertake from the special table under instructions of Demonstrator.

Vh , Vc
, SP(T7) TC
Experiment Flow direction
l/min l/min °C °C
V07-03 PF 0,8 0,8 60 20
V08-03 PF 1,4 1,4 60 20
.V09-03 PF 2.0 2.0 60 20

Vc − Cold water flow rate; Vh − Hot water flow rate;
SP(T7) − Setpoint for T7; TC − Setpoint for Cold water

Tab. 1a Example of parameters for experiments V07-03 to V09-03

(PF − Parallel flow) (example)

Vh , Vc
, SP(T7) TC,
Experiment Flow direction
l/min l/min °C °C
V10-03 CF 0,8 0,8 60 20
V11-03 CF 1,4 1,4 60 20
V12-03 CF 2.0 2.0 60 20

Tab. 1b Example of parameters for experiments V10-03 to V06-12

(CF − Counter flow) (example)

The designation SP (T7) indicates the setpoint (SP) for the temperature T7 of the
hot water in the tank (B) (Look “Experiments with WL 110 Heat Exchanger service
unit”, Fig. 1, 3, 4). TC − the setpoint for the temperature the cold water in the WL
110.20, Water Chiller for WL 110. (Look “Experiments with WL 110 Heat
Exchanger service unit”, Fig. 2).

3 Performing the experiment

 Fig. 1
Fig. 2

1. Observe the safety instructions.

2. Set the main switch (item 35) to ,,1" (Fig.2) (And also Look “Experiments
with WL 110 Heat Exchanger service unit”, Fig. 1-4).
3. Start the PC. Start the data acquisition program.
4. Open the cold water feed at the cold water mains.
5. Open the regulator valve for cold water V2 (10) (Fig.1).
6. Open the regulator valve for hot water V1 (9) (Fig.1).
7. Start the pump (P, 33) (Fig.2).
8. Set the desired hot water setpoint SP (T7) on the TIC7 controller (28) (Fig.2)
9. Set the desired cold water flow rate Vc using the regulator valve V2 (10)
(Fig.1).
10. Set the desired hot water flow rate Vh using the regulator valve V1 (9).
11. Turn on the heater (H, 30).
12. Make settings for the measured value file. Start automatic measured value
recording.
13. Observe the measured values. Wait until a steady state is reached, i.e.:
- The water temperature T7 is no longer rising.
- The parts in contact with the product have taken on the water
temperatures.
- The measured values only change slightly.
- The heat flow values Q h and Q c are similar.
14. Save screenshots for the time response of the measured values and the
current temperature curve in a file. Give the file a name that will allow you to
identify the values in the measured value file later.
15. When the experiment is complete, first turn off the heater (H. 30).
16. Then stop the pump (P, 33).
17. Close the regulator valves V1 (9) and V2 (10).
18. When the last experiment is complete, stop recording and save the
measured value file.
19. Close the cold water feed at the cold water mains.
20. Set the main switch (35 in Fig. 2) to "0".
 4 Measured values

The table below supplements the data from Tab. 1. In addition to the
parameters for the experiment series, the following measured values and calculated
values are set out here:

• Hot water feed temperature T1

• Hot water return temperature • Cold water return temperature T6
T3 • Mean coefficient of heat transfer km
• Cold water feed temperature T4 • Mean heat flow Q m

Experi- Flow Vh , Vc, SP(T7) TС , T1 T3 T4 T6 km Q

m
2
ment direction l/min l/min °C °C °C °C °C °C kW/(m K) kW
V07-03 PF 0,8 0,8 60 20
V08-03 PF 1,6 1,6 60 20
V09-03 PF 2.4 2.4 60 20
V10-03 CF 0,8 0,8 60 20
V11-03 CF 1,6 1,6 60 20
V12-03 CF 2.4 2.4 60 20

Tab. 2 Parameters for experiments V07-03 to V12-03, with measured and calculated
values added (example)

The hot water feed temperature T1 is included here so that the actual hot water
temperature can be incorporated into the evaluation.
The cold water feed temperature T4 helps in comparing the results from your
own experiments.

5 Analysis, comments and evaluation

5.1 Experiment aim 1.

Comparison of parallel flow and counter flow operation. Heat transmission
and representation of temperature curves.

Experiments V07-03 (parallel flow) and V10-03 (counter flow) are included
(Tab. 2)..
Due to the limited number of measuring points, the links between the feed and
return temperatures are shown as simplified straight lines here.
In the figures, the designation of the water temperatures is enlarged.
 Fig. 3 Temperature curve for experiment V07-03, parallel flow

Fig. 4 Temperature curve for experiment V10-03, counter flow

Comments and evaluation:

5.2 Experiment aim 2.

Investigation of heat transmission when changing the cold water and hot
water flow rates.

The comparison is made using the example of the WL 110.03 in parallel flow
mode. The experiments V07-03, V08-03 and V09-03 are analyzed (Tab. 2).
 Fig. 5 shows the dependency of the mean coefficient of heat transfer km on the
flow rates for cold water (Vc ) and hot water (Vh ).

Fig. 4 Mean coefficient of heat transfer km as a function of cold water

and hot water flow rates, for experiments V07-03 , V08-03 and V09-03
(the example)

Comments and evaluation:

5.3 Experiment aim 3

Comparison of heat transmission for the different heat exchanger types
(WL 110.01 Tubular Heat Exchanger and WL 110.03 Shell and Tube Heat
Exchanger).

Vc
km
, Vh , SP(T7) T C,
Experiment Flow direction kW/(m2K)
l/min l/min °C °C
.V03-01 PF 2.0 2.0 60 20
V09-03 PF 2.0 2.0 60 20
V06-01 CF 2.0 2.0 60 20
V12-03 CF 2.0 2.0 60 20

Tab. 5.4 Heat transmission of heat exchanger types (the example). (From the Tab. 2
and Tab. 2 from “Experiments with Wl 110.01 Tubular heat exchanger”).

Comments and evaluation: