Question Set

Voltage and Frequency Control

Q.1 3-phase overhead line has per phase resistance and reactance of 6ohm and 20ohm respectively.
The sending end voltage is 66 kV while the receiving end voltage is maintained at 66 kV by a
synchronous phase modifier. Determine the KVAr of the modifier when the load at the receiving
end is 75 MW at p.f. 0.8 lagging; also determine the maximum load that can be transmitted.
(96.95MVAr; 148.67MW)

Q.2 A 132 kV line is fed through 33 kV/132 kV transformer from a constant 33 kV supply as
shown in figure. The total impedance of the line and transformers at 132 kV is (25 + j60) ohms.
Both the transformers are equipped with tap changing facilities which are so arranged that the
product of the two off-nominal settings is unity. If the load on the system is 100 MW at 0.6 p.f.
lag, calculate the setting of the tap changer required to maintain the voltage of the load bus bars at
33 kV. (1.58)
V1 = 132 kV V2 = 132 kV

VR
VS Z

1 : ts tr : 1
P,Q

Q.3 A 3-phase line having an impedance of (5 + j20) ohm per phase delivers a load of 30 MW at
a p.f., of 0.8 lag and voltage 33 kV. Determine the capacity of the phase modifier required to be
installed at the receiving end if the voltage at the sending end is to be maintained at 33 kV.
(42.78MVA)

Q.4 Determine the tap ratio in problem 3 if the receiving end voltage is to be maintained at 0.92
p.u of the sending end voltage. The line is fed through a 33/220 kV transformer. Assume
ts*tr = 1. (0.965)

Q.5 A 3-phase line has an impedance of (20 + j60) ohm per phase. The sending end voltage is 142
kV while the receiving end voltage is maintained at 132 kV for all loads by an automatic phase
modifier. If the kVAR of the modifier has the same value for zero load as for a load of 50 MW.
Determine the rating of the modifier and the p.f. of this load. (23.94 MVA, 0.912)

Q.6 Two turboalternators rated for 110 MW and 210 MW have governor drop characteristics of 5
per cent from no load to full load. They are connected in parallel to share a load of 250 MW.
Determine the load shared by each machine assuming free governor action. (85.93MW,
164.07MW.
Q.7 A 100 MVA 50 Hz turboalternator operates at no load at 3000 r.p.m. A load of 25 MW is
suddenly applied to the machine and the steam valves to the turbine commence to open after 0.6
secs due to the time-lag in the governor system. Assuming inertia constant H of 4.5 kW-sec per
kVA of generator capacity, calculate the frequency to which the generated voltage drops before
the steam flow commences to increase to meet the new load. (49.16 Hz)