I Lh yobs, Bitte Yori fH Ahermangy) LECTURE NOTES IN QUALITY CONTROL! Samer ae TITRATION AND NEUTRALIZATION TITRATION /°°°°%7 eee HC! + NaOH —> Naes t Ho r PHC] * Waly —> that 4 C0, 2 4 eo 5 process whereby O standard solution is made to react with @ sample in solution if the presence’ of an ‘of until the endpaintisteached —> #¢etaé Se ee pa elaly, hoaigh 1 EAaEGE A AA a atys._—__ sstence beg ANGER z Lanslad ackine SOOEN whose exact concentration sé KREWnfand that is used in volumetric anaiysisy< _ Bch ultra-pure compound in solid form used as standard Propérlies (1) chemically-pure - os, aad (ruininatly) og (2) chemically-stable 2.0432 gg; Lael'n(3) easly prepared ante ce ans 202 (4) water-soluble — Shots (5) reacts ate with the sample — felines! eguatae? i (6) wih toryaigh equvelat weights 2 — bial —_- solstion thal isnot necessarly pure, Bul whose exact concentrationis known / Capac.) ee panied oy = of SE er a EIeRaaMoe Csi olin” ees, : be tal’ : bg |? abl. nnd alin Carl atl KL» Aa thy Ate | CeO) satis ne Jaye, mre malin + mtelatat x penis aikin — ei iar t Ccmuwvles alt © aumcles Patel ftp, 4 UCatrrab)aalim. = Cates )evaig x Pemrlas wale Looe eager i oro reagent that changes color Gt Gi quivaie of reacting substances have Skeady re0Cled — cetadiy hatte at shat he wuctet ariel at sgeirwtent - shown by ¢hange if Color of solution being titrated equivalent mount of substances have already reacted ‘the amount of active Conslvenisin the sample taken: expressed in J. —> Peated at aati percentage (% et "weight of pure analyte in the Sx Banalyte = ————______x 100 i weight of Sx Types of Tita 1 Biepe standard solution is made to diréclly react with analyte ae aa [en ee ‘arog : beh aeel y alin, 1 SO Igy Wy fa tie be aige tases asrtn tA a canals » (a1) ste aalin Lat ag) aatyte» (mL) Hid aatin sees erat, nial jum © Pai tae ad ete stan LM pire 2» (Ma) able aelin 2 MEW MOY ly) anatyte . CATAL att alhn X mente ately * yt aay [ad pone con atyte G) _ (Wemb) ahd aal'n ¥ MEW analyts 0G AA promt att naling Jobo He Yb z oe 3 es t 1|Page gecastro /s.2018 i Cara lang X ey (I ot meg, relent 5 1 analyte ad 4a. ee ‘000LECTURE NOTES IN QUALITY CONTROL | TITRATION AND NEUTRALIZATION TITRATION. Types of Titration: 2. ~ sample is converted to an inlemmeGiatelOdUe} thoi is tifGlealwahlnelsandard “solution? eee are cavmmsls at manele 1B POLIS esate xcmete ll, amen, ay roel td mewstsip ena OF me eIUHAA is accied fo the sample 10 accomplish a ek-liralediwith o 2m standard solution Reasons for performing @ residual titration: {o) When reaction between analyie and tirantprOeSedssowh (5) When reaction between analyte and titront does not give « ShOrBs \doinfwith the indicator (c} When the sample or anaiyte cannot be brought te solution h the fration reaction is based _ REM enooNp ne ‘hemical nature upon ats rr : shat ced furmye. —Lesnemt jy, y comele 1 i} | ae 2 ally) acta an oi i cata ae * HO be, Lert Ig = aa ey i i * = Po oma tens a " gecastro /5.2018a Pe Am Cnr y PORES somo Se ot Aneta 6, Lee fawmise,— Vln rnt gy ym moet fe soe mage as soak #1 (vet) ~ tenant Jey yp mets 7 Sewnte Gt ee pomets S a “ « Mitr mt}s, Leet vert deg y es YU ale ne neeLECTURE NOTES IN QUALITY CONTROL I TITRATION AND NEUTRALIZATION TITRATION DIVISIONS OF TITRATION: ig ‘ ~ involves teaction of an acid and base fo form sall ; Acid + Base ———+ Salt + Water (fzmrare Auwstnin,) —> Aecler tel Aanatomns! Celitpess + endpoint is aso known 0s tslaal pasta atin = Used in the anaiyss of inorganic, Srganic “and biological species that possess inherent acidic or basic properties: deterrination of anaiyies that can be converled lo an acid or base by suilable Ireaiment followed by fitration wih @ standard strong base or acid 7) Oe Cwtban= cerateving —¥ most common way of determiningyorganiq) nitrogen and the sfandard method for determining protein content in grain or meat = involves decomposition of the somple in hot, concentrated sulfuric acid to convert nitrogen to ‘ammonium ion; resulting solution is cooled, dilvled and made basic; liberated ammonia is distilled, collected in an acidic solution, and determines by neutralization titration Lats LWiotler) : = Used in the analysis of mixtures of carbonate/ hydroxide mixtures Aceja/tad > araed pirates + both components are titrated with a standard acid to the endpoint with an acid-ronge indicator, then an unmeasured excess of neutral BaCk: 5 cided to a 2 aliquot to precipitate barium carbonate, following which the hyciroxide ion is tirated fo « phenolphthalein endpoint Pair of Standard Solutions: 1. at. #é/__- undergoes primary standardization using anhydrous NazCOs or CaCOs 2. Tdge Ment - undergoes primary stancordization with potassium acid phtholale (KHCoH.Os), benzoic acid of sulfamic acid (KH(IOs)a) or secondary standardization with sta.HICl solution Bitatnetiy + aciic onolyte + standard base redunl> minshonts whe sa — basic analyte + standard acid lps Hemet Bite Rules in getting reactivity factor (h): 1, For acids—na. of replaceable H* 2. For bases— no of replaceable OH 3. For salts — total postlive or negative valence pH indicators: Bromophenol bive. Bromocresol green] yellow green blue | Bromothymol bive Methyl yellow. red pink saimon/peach yellow [SAS ‘Moth 16d red ‘SAeSB_[ WBSSA, [ebanatatatas ts Tight pink dark pink | SA+s6_/WAWSB ‘ihymofphihaleia light blue lve. - employed for poorty-soluble drugs and those thal are weakly reactive in water ceystal violet malachite green Non-Aqueous Nevital: acetonitrile perchiori Acidimery aicohals chioratorm benzene Acigic: formic aia glacial acotic acia ‘acetic anhyciide “gocastro /.2018LECTURE NOTES IN QUALITY CONTROL I TITRATION AND NEUTRALIZATION TITRATION Non-Aqueous ethylenediamine Alkalimetry Coy? Hs Hea” > puts 00g? D> Wig 955 4g- OW © Het” > gon Ho gccastro /s.2018 4|Page”LECTURE NOTES IN QUALITY CONTROL | TITRATION AND NEUTRALIZATION TITRATION. Double-Indicator Titration (Iwo-sample) somple i PorspilP aby oonplcrety A emery Peuthotijnd | tuaattaipecl ares * lomo of per 7 Pore CO Age mectnatiiyd \complirety rman af to rescore of He. mented = a eee ae Leretune of 3 Pore HCOr ” meade. ature of He. autumn of MO mectenth acted ony 7H a a OH” andl by?” so C6" + Patan tit) - etude ) muntatiged cornglately ae TW gal tp = lark. to -md fp) 00,* A. meet hada rel tip - aad. hip tard) gauges He nto im eee epee alate Hibs” and. COs" yn Oz" > Zratume by cor atintied — | comply > 1205 = esta 0 ~ Zertade fp BS Fn tape Lanple Probl Wa, WD, + Wa td, O Praklon mtg — th tngt0y = Wit Nang * mE Wanaig ee Seen a ie rt? sng ae [1055 ¥ C25 btm) x LE = bh08t y Cort mo- att), 54 igen Te-9mb = tote "Tn Mag aa Lag |F Gam \ nfor = THEW analy ~ gecastro /5.2018,O Cates 5 5 Catacinte sche meter crrrsenthatinen) of we ebiletts Hb| reatetonre Gp Aetintcens yf 0 644, Pivmrany atmndasd W003 Agaatte 38-77 ml maf the meted. Cha 004) = 106 eee ee Te mk hears Cte bly aE S and Ut ete ae [sara] ¥ fo Ge-0s EZ + /00 = Codesy » 20-6ni) ¥ +100 at ue ~ COMTI x 10.59mt ye, % Vomnt UH, Imeet fy Lovrat He} 2 mamnt Off ne 20594 = 07, O Praklin ut #6 x mEW Ago Fo Mgott = Lidamiyy, oy - WML) yy gen = Librmiy cy, eal men Mg | neon I *O26 Shach ta nbs tat ng of grins, Outten} Cy Ae mclememistead fay enh Gf Ai tagreme of Aedy meigpt am the Heatarant F myetinas Fiera, The auitsazen an me T—Habtee Aanyele tat anighed = tetas ee icon emt, prone ty Getthd otigeatonrs fattened tg Aitattatran) Pe Me Ah Gf FL ht he amalgam Ourplied ty Beaty ae ore SM iid Eat gf Ptr th show OP “at AD pain sii ne pe 7 ; Patent? — 2¥ my) ne chet «in om _ a ’ fn eee tina len ms pag Xf dealin et USE: somg Chey, / ones ‘dy aad A tne 1 tate p04, LOTR AT Hp) [Ores as preg DATE vd» snore Leh» ay, ‘ 2205 Ms 840» By é ae Ye Wert Naot eee Ns $3.13 #2. 72 2yfy ay x 1 Sby 7 take * 401 og | tet F/mg T tee = Hhomg :x [v=o aman] (Nik), C294 as ) | HeS0¢ [eae 2 Naot] 7 x H250¢