Presents:

Cell: The Unit Of Life

What is cell??????????

Cell is a structural
and functional unit
of life.
 Cells In General:
Animal Cell

Stem Cells

Cells are the

basic unit of
Plant Cell life.
White Blood Cells

Red Blood Cells Cancer Cell

How do we view cells
MICROSCOPE
Parts of a microscope
Eyepiece
s
Diaphrag
Arm
m

Coarse
Objective
focus
lens
knob

Fine
focus Clips
knob

Base Stage
Mirror
 Parts of the Microscope
Eyepieces

Objective lens

Arm Clips

Diaphragm Stage
Coarse focus knob
Light/ mirror
Fine focus knob

Base
 Photo by Photo by
theshortdude.glogster.com animalport.com
 Type of
cells

1) Animal cell 2) Plant cell

(Sel haiwan) (Sel
tumbuhan)
Plant Cell and Animal Cell

Plant and animal cells are composed of the same fundamental

constituents—nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and
various inorganic substances—and are organized in the same
fundamental manner. A characteristic of their organization is the
presence of unit membranes composed of phospholipids and
associated proteins and in some instances nucleic acids.
Animal Cell
Animal cells are typical of the
eukaryotic cell, enclosed by a
plasma membrane and containing
a membrane-bound nucleus and
organelles. Unlike the eukaryotic
cells of plants and fungi, animal
cells do not have a cell wall.
 Animal cell

Cell membrane

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Cheek cell
(sel pipi)
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
The basic unit of structure and
function in nearly all plants.
Although plant cells are variously
modified in structure and
function, they have many
common features. The most
distinctive feature of all plant
cells is the rigid cell wall, which is
absent in animal cells.
.. Plant cell contains:

 Cell membrane: CONTROL

 Cytoplasm: CHIMICAL REACTION
 Nucleus: GENETIC INFORMATION
 Chloroplast: CHLOROPHYLL
 Vacuole: CELL SAP
 Cell wall: CELLULOSE SUPPORT
Plant Cell
Plant cell (Sel tumbuhan)

Nucleus Cell
membrane

Cell wall
Vacuole

Cytoplasm

Onion cell Chloroplast

Similarities and
Differences
Similarities  Differences
 Nucleus  Centriole
 Nucleolus
 Cell Wall
 Cytoplasm
 Chloroplast
 Golgi
 Lysosome
 Cell Membrane
 Mitochondrion
 Vacuole
 Smooth/Rough ER
 Ribosomes
 Cytoskeleton
 Plasma Membrane
 Similarities
 Nucleus- ―Brain of the cell.‖ It controls the activities
within the cell.

Nucleolus
Nucleolus
Nucleus Nucleus

 Nucleolus- Found within the nucleus and is the site

where ribosomes are created.
 Similarities
 Cytoplasm- the gel-like liquid located within the entire cell.

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm
Golgi Apparatus

Golgi Apparatus

 Golgi Apparatus- packages molecules for transport around

the cell.
 Similarities
 Lysosome- ―digestive system‖ of the cell.

Cell Membrane
Cell Membrane

Lysosome

Lysosome

 Cell Membrane- Decides what travels in and out of a cell.

 Similarities
 Mitochondrion- ―Powerhouse‖ of cell

Mitochondrion Mitochondrion Vacuole

Vacuole

 Vacuole- storage areas in the cell, digests and gets rid of

waste products.
 Similarities
 Cytoskeleton- helps maintain the shape of cell.

 Ribosomes- site of protein synthesis

Cytoskeleton

Cytoskeleton

Ribosomes

Ribosomes
 Similarities
 Endoplasmic Reticulum:

 Smooth ER- detoxifies molecules

 Rough ER- modifies proteins that will be shipped in

organism

Rough ER
Rough ER

Smooth ER

Smooth ER
 Similarities
 Plasma Membrane- serves as the ―skin‖ of the cell.
Differences
 Centriole- found only in ANIMAL cells. Main function is to
generate the cells cytoskeleton.

Centrioles
Differences
 Cell Wall- found in PLANTS only. It serves as a protective barrier,
maintaining the shape and structure of the plant.

Cell Wall
Differences
 Chloroplasts- only found in PLANTS. It provides food for the
plant.

Chloroplasts
Differences
 Chlorophyll- only found in PLANTS. Green pigment in plants that
absorbs energy for the process of photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll
REVIEW…
Only in Plants: Only in Animals:
 Chloroplast  None
 Chlorophyll
 Cell Wall
 Centriole

Both: Nucleus, Nucleolus, Cytoplasm, Golgi, Lysosome, Cell

Membrane, Mitochondrion, Vacuole, Cytoskeleton, Ribosomes, E
R’s
Organelles inside a cell
Plants and animals have
many
different organelles in their
cells
lets take a look at a few
Inside the Nucleus

Nucleolus

Chromatin

Nuclear
Envelope
Ribosomes

 Ribosomes – made of RNA and protein. Make Proteins!

Ribosomes
Ribosome
Endoplasmic Reticulum
(ER)

 Endoplasmic reticulum – internal

membrane system of the cell.
 Lipids, proteins, and other products are
made here.
 Rough ER – has ribosomes
 Smooth ER – no ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
(ER)

Rough ER

Smooth
ER
Golgi Apparatus

 Golgi Apparatus – modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.

Golgi Apparatus

Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes

 Lysosomes – small organelles filled with enzymes.

 Digest molecules to be used by the cell.
Vacuoles

 Vacuoles – store materials.

Vacuoles
Vacuoles
Mitochondria

 Mitochondria – organelle that converts chemical

energy stored in food into compounds that are more
convenient for the cell to use.
 “Powerhouse of the Cell!”
Mitochondria

Mitochondria

7-2
Chloroplasts

 Chloroplasts – organelles that capture energy from sunlight and convert it

into chemical energy. (Photosynthesis)
 Found only in plants.

7-2
Chloroplasts

Chloroplast

7-2
A few Different types of cell
Epithelial Cells
Epithelia are formed of
cells that line the
cavities in the body and
also cover flat surfaces.
Nerve Cell
A neuron (also known as a neuron or nerve cell)
is an electrically excitable cell that processes and
transmits information by electrical and chemical
signaling.
Fat Cell
Adipocytes, also known as lipocytes
and fat cells, are the cells that
primarily compose adipose
tissue, specialized in storing energy
as fat.
Sperm
The term sperm is derived from the
Greek word sperma (meaning "seed")
and refers to the male reproductive
cells.
cell tissue organ system organism
References
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 cellasthebasicunitoflife-131005234338-phpapp01 (2).ppt

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Thanks for
watching