21st Century Literature from the World Lesson 1_Part 1

Group Act # 1

Group No. ____

Group Members: ________

Content:

A. Literary genres, traditions and forms from different national literature and cultures, namely, Asian, Anglo-American,
European, Latin American, and African

I. Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:

 identify representative texts and authors from English, American and Latin American Literature.
 name some well-known English, American and Latin American writers and their works as well as the body of which
they belong; and
 Appreciate the literary text from a selected English, American and Latin American writers.

II. Pre-review Exercise SCORE: __/30

A. Multiple Choice
1. It is a long narrative poem usually about a hero and his deeds. A well-known example is Beowulf.
A. Drama B. Epic Poem C. Novel D. Sonnet
2. This poem has fourteen lines that follow a rhyme scheme. A well-known example is Sonnet 18 of William Shakespeare.
A. Drama B. Epic Poem C. Novel D. Sonnet
3. This piece of writing tells a story through dialogue, and it is performed on stage. A well-known example is The
Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde.
A. Drama B. Epic Poem C. Novel D. Sonnet
4. This is a long prose narrative usually about fictional characters and events, which are told in a particular sequence.
A. Drama B. Epic Poem C. Novel D. Sonnet
*******************************************************************************************
B. Matching Type. Write the letter only.
Column A Column B
___1. longest epic poem in Old English. A. Browning
___2. the golden age of English literature B. Surrealism
___3. the period saw the rise of the novel C. American Literature
___4. this period is the golden age of lyric poetry. D. Geoffrey Chaucer
___5. the earliest form of the English language E. Middle English Literature
___6. a blend Old English and Norman French F. Old English
___7. father of English literature G. The Romantic Period
___8. It refers to all works of literature in English produced in the United States. H. The Victorian Period
___9. art form that combines unrelated images or events in I. The Elizabethan Period
a very strange and dreamlike way J. Beowulf
___10. known for his dramatic monologues

C. Identification. Identify the write/author of the selected literary works.

6. Thanatopsis
English Literature 7. The Cask of Amontillado
1. Hamlet 8. The Road Not Taken
2. The Canterbury Tales 9. Rip Van Winkle
3. Don Juan 10. Young Goodman Brown
4. “My Last Duchess”
5. Ulysses III. Evaluation (to be given by the teacher)

American Literature
21st Century Literature from the World Lesson 1_Part 1

Latin America - is a blend Old English and Norman French, the French
11. Residence on Earth dialect spoken by the Normans (people of Normandy).
12. Freedom Under Parole The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer (the father of
13. The Kingdom of This World English literature), is a fine example of literature written in
Middle English.
14. The House of Spirits
15. One Hundred Years of Solitude Elizabethan Literature (1558 - 1603)
The Elizabethan period
- is the golden age of English literature.
- the golden age of drama. Known as the “Bard of Avon,”
William Shakespeare wrote his plays during the period. His best
plays include Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth, Othello, and The
Merchant of Venice. Also, he wrote 154 sonnets, many of which
are the best loved and the most widely-read poems in the English
literature.

The Romantic Period (1800 - 1837)

-this period is the golden age of lyric poetry.
Poetry
- became the expression of the poet’s personal feelings
and emotions.
A few notable works of poetry of the period:
 Songs of Innocence and of Experience- by William Blake
 Lyrical Ballads - by William Wordsworth and Samuel
Taylor Coleridge,
 The Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems by John Keats
A. Literary genres, traditions and forms from different  “Don Juan” by Lord Byron, and
national literature and cultures, namely, Asian,  “Ode to the West Wind” by Percy Bysshe Shelley
Anglo-American, European, Latin American, and African
The Victorian Period (1837 - 1900)
English Literature - The period saw the rise of the novel.
 Old English Literature Charles Dickens
 Middle English Literature - considered to be the greatest English novelist of the
 Elizabethan Literature 19th century, wrote Great Expectations.
 The Romantic Period  This novel was published as a serial in a weekly periodical
 Twentieth Century from December 1860 to August 1861.
Alfred Lord Tennyson and Robert Browning each wrote fine
American Literature poetry during the period.
 The 19th a d 20th Century  Tennyson’s In Memoriam A.H.H.
- is a requiem for his friend Arthur Henry Hallam. It is
Latin American Literature widely considered to be one of the great poems of the 19th
century.
 The Vanguardia Browning
- who is known for his dramatic monologues, wrote the
 The Boom Novels famous poem “My Last Duchess.”
- In a dramatic monologue, the poet addresses an
 Post-Boom Writers
audience through an assumed voice.
Oscar Wilde
- is the best dramatist of the period. He wrote the
English Literature
masterpiece The Importance of Being Earnest.
-is one of the richest, most developed, and most important bodies
of literature in the world. It encompasses both written and spoken Twentieth Century (1900 - 2000)
works by writers from the United Kingdom. William Butler Yeats
- wrote Modernist poems during the period. Yeats
wrote The Tower, The Winding Stair, and New Poems, all of
Old English Literature (600 - 1100)
which are known to have potent images.
Old English
Thomas Stearns Eliot
- the earliest form of the English language, was spoken by the
- Eliot’s masterpieces are “The Love Song of J.
Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic tribe living in Britain during the fifth
Alfred Prufrock” and “The Waste Land.”
century.
Virginia Woolf
Beowulf
- in her story Mrs. Dalloway and
- the longest epic poem and known for its use of kennings, which
James Joyce
are phrases or compound words used to name persons, places,
- in his work Ulysses use stream of consciousness, a
and things indirectly.
literary technique in which the flow of thoughts of a character is
described in words.
Middle English Literature (1100 - 1500)
Middle English
American Literature
21st Century Literature from the World
- refers to all works of literature in English produced in the
United States.
The 19th Century
William Cullen Bryant (1794 - 1878)
- became famous for “Thanatopsis” (1817). This
poem marked a new beginning for American poetry.
Washington Irving (1783 - 1859)
- was known for “Rip Van Winkle” and “The
Legend of Sleepy Hollow,” the first American short stories.
They were part of his work The Sketch Book, the first American
work to become successful internationally.
Edgar Allan Poe (1809 - 1849)
- became famous for his macabre stories like “The Fall
of the House of Usher” (1839) and “The Cask of Amontillado”
(1846). Also, he wrote “The Murders in the Rue Morgue”
(1841), the first detective story, and the poem “Raven” (1845),
with which he achieved instant fame.
Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804 - 1864)
- became known for his symbolical tales like “The
Hollow of the Three Hills” (1830) and “Young Goodman
Brown” (1835). Also, he wrote the gothic romance The Scarlet
Letter (1850).
Walt Whitman (1819 - 1892)
- became well-known for Leaves of Grass, first
published in 1855. In this poetry collection, Whitman showed the
experiences of the common man.
Emily Dickinson (1830 - 1886)
- wrote odd poems. She mostly used the imperfect
rhyme and avoided regular rhythms. A collection of her
poems, Poems by Emily Dickinson, came out in 1890.
The 20th Century
Robert Frost (1874 - 1963)
- wrote poems with traditional stanzas and a blank
verse, a verse in iambic pentameter with no rhyme. His poems
portray ordinary people in everyday situations like “Mending
Wall,” "The Road Not Taken," and “After Apple-Picking,”
both of which were published in 1914.
E. E. cummings (1894 - 1962)
-was known for his unconventional punctuation and
phrasing. His poems were compiled in Complete Poems (1968).
Ezra Pound (1885 - 1972)
- was a leader of the Imagists, who emphasized the use
of direct and sparse language and precise images in writing
poetry. Two of his works are Ripostes (1912) and Lustra (1916).
Sherwood Anderson (1876 - 1941)
- wrote prose using everyday speech. His best works
appeared in Winesburg, Ohio (1919) and Death in the
Woods (1933).
Ernest Hemingway (1899 - 1961)
- was known for his succinct writing, which was
widely imitated. His writing was very straightforward and
objective - not verbose and sentimental. Two of his finest stories
are “The Killers” (1927) and “The Short Happy Life of Francis
Macomber” (1936).
Allen Ginsberg (1926 - 1997)
- was known for his work “Howl” (1956), a poem with
incantatory rhythms and raw emotion. He was one of the Beat
poets, who aimed to bring poetry back to the streets.
Anne Sexton (1928 - 1974)
- became known for her confessional poetry, a kind of
poetry that deals with the private experiences of the speaker. Her
work Live or Die (1966) won a Pulitzer Prize.
Latin American Literature
Lesson 1_Part 1
- refers to all works of literature in Latin American countries like
Chile, Argentina, Mexico, Cuba, Guatemala, Colombia, and
Peru.
The Vanguardia
- The Vanguardia (avant-garde in English) took place in Latin
America between approximately 1916 and 1935. It collectively
referred to different literary movements. Four of those were the
following:
 Creacionismo, founded by Vicente Huidobro (1893–
1948), a Chilean poet, in 1916
 Ultraismo, introduced to South America by Jorge Luis
Borges (1899–1986), an Argentine writer, in 1921
 Estridentismo, founded in Mexico City by Manuel Maples
Arce (1898–1981), a Mexican writer, in 1921
 Surrealism, which is said to have started in Argentina
when the Argentinian poet Aldo Pellegrini (1903–1973)
launched the first Surrealist magazine in 1928
 Surrealism, an art form that combines unrelated images or
events in a very strange and dreamlike way, became a
major influence in Latin American Literature throughout
the 20th century.
 Pablo Neruda (1904–1973), a Chilean poet, wrote
Residence on Earth (1933), a collection of poetry inspired
by surrealism.
 Octavio Paz (1914–1998), a Mexican poet, wrote poems
with surrealist imagery. His major works were published in
Freedom Under Parole (1960).
 Jorge Luis Borges (1899–1986) was known for his
fantastic stories, published later as a collection entitled
Ficciones (1944).
 Alejo Carpentier (1904–1980), a Cuban writer, wrote The
Kingdom of This World (1949), a novel of the magic
realism genre, in which elements of fantasy or myth are
included matter-of-factly in seemingly realistic fiction.
 Miguel Angel Asturias (1899–1974), a Guatemalan writer,
wrote the novel The President (1946). This novel along
with Carpentier’s novel introduced magic realism.
The Boom Novels
- These were essentially modernist novels, which appeared
in the second half of the 20th century.
- They had features that were different or absent from the
works of the regionalist writers of the past. (Regionalist writers
were those that used local color, which refers
to interesting information about a particular place or its
people.)
The boom novels were the following:
 The Death of Artemio Cruz (1962) by Carlos
Fuentes (1928–2012), a Mexican writer
 Hopscotch (1963) by Julio Cortazar (1914–1984), an
Argentine fictionist
 The Time of the Hero (1963) by Mario Vargas Llosa, a
Peruvian writer
 One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967) by Gabriel Garcia
Marquez (1927–2014), a Colombian fictionist
 “Post-Boom” Writers
- These writers included a host of women who published works
in the last twenty years of the 20th century.
- Three of them were Isabel Allende, a Chilean writer who
wrote The House of Spirits (1982); Diamela Eltit, a Chilean
writer who wrote E. Luminata(1983); and Luisa Valenzuela, an
Argentine writer who wrote Black Novel with Argentines (1990).
21st Century Literature from the World Lesson 1_Part 1

I.

1. J. Beowulf

2. I. The Elizabethan Period

3. H. The Victorian Period

4. G. The Romantic Period

5. F. Old English

6. E. Middle English Literature

7. D. Geoffrey Chaucer

8. C. American Literature

9. B. Surrealism

10. A. Browning

II.

1. William Shakespeare

2. Geoffrey Chaucer

3. Lord Byron

4. Browning

5. James Joyce

6. William Cullen Bryant

7. Edgar Allan Poe

8. Robert Frost

9. Washington Irving

10. Nathaniel Hawthorne

11. Pablo Neruda

12. Octavio Paz

13. Alejo Carpentier

14. Isabel Allende

15. Gabriel Garcia Marquez

Answer Key:
1. B. Epic Poem
2. D. Sonnet
3. A. Drama
4. C. Novel