TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE

PHILIPPINES
938 Aurora Blvd. Cubao, Quezon City

LABORATORY EXPERIMENT NO. 1

December 15, 2015

Karen D. Lacuna
ECE 006/ EC42FB1
 Engr. Francis Malit
INSTRUCTOR
Lacuna, Karen D.
EC42FB1

Q1.1a

Q1.1b

Q1.1c

>> num=1; den=[1 1 1 0]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

Q.1.3 a

>> num=1; den=[1 1 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

Q.1.4a

Block Diagram

Front Panel
Q1.4b
At first, the output waveform fluctuate due to charge and discharge of a capacitor but starting
on the middle part it became constant having 1 as its amplitude. Hence, the system is stable
because the output waveform converged to the input waveform.

Q 1.4 c
Matlab

1st trial

>> R=1;L=4;C=3; LC=L*C;RC=R*C;

>> num=1;den= [LC RC 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

2nd trial
>> R=12;L=6;C=3;LC=L*C;RC=R*C;
>> num=1;den= [LC RC 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)
3rd trial
>> R=10;L=150;C=7; LC=L*C;RC=R*C;
>> num=1;den= [LC RC 1];sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

4th trial
>> R=2;L=15;C=7;LC=L*C;RC=R*C;
>> num=1;den=[LC RC 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

5th trial
>> R=0;L=1000;C= -1000;LC=L*C;RC=R*C;
>> num=1;den= [LC RC 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)
6th trial
>> R=0;L=30;C=10; LC=L*C;RC=R*C;
>> num=1;den= [LC RC 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

7th trial
>> R=0;L=5;C=10; LC=L*C;RC=R*C;
>> num=1;den= [LC RC 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

8th trial
>> R=2;L=4;C=450; LC=L*C;RC=R*C;
>> num=1;den= [LC RC 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

9th trial
>> R=1;L=3;C=5; LC=L*C;RC=R*C;
>> num=1;den= [LC RC 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

10th trial
>> R=143;L=3;C=13; LC=L*C;RC=R*C;
>> num=1;den= [LC RC 1]; sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)
Q1.4c

Labview

1st trial
1/ (12s^2 +3s +1)

2nd trial
1/ (36s^2 +18s +1)
3rd trial
1/ (1500s^2 +70s +1)

4th trial
1/ (105s^2 +14s +1)

5th trial
1/ (-1000000s^2 +1)
6th trial
1/ (300s^2 +1)

7th trial
1/ (50s^2 +1)

8th trial
1/ (1800s^2 +900s +1)

9th trial
1/ (15s^2 +5s +1)

10th trial
1/ (39s^2 +1859s +1)
Q1.4d

The timing options in the configure simulation parameters of the simulation loop
consists of the initial time and the final time. Those are the simulation time that is responsible
for the waveform output range in the x scale of the waveform chart. The first fluctuation starts at
the initial time which is commonly "0" and it will stop until it reach the final time which depends
on the desired value of the user.

Q1.4e
Q2.1a

Q2.1b

X1(t)

>> num=[1]; den=[1 2 0];sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

X2(t)
>>num=[1]; den=[-1 -2 -2];sys=tf(num,den);step(sys)

Q2.2a

>> num=[1 1 1]; den=[1 2 2 0 0]; sys=tf(num,den); step(sys)

>> num=[1 1]; den=[1 2 2 0 0]; sys=tf(num,den); step(sys)

Q2.2b

Based on the output, the step force is proportional to f(t) of the system because it is
frictionless. But there are factors that limits the increase of f(t), those are the spring and viscous
dumper.

Q2.2c

When the surface at which the masses moves on has friction which is fv=1 N/M for both
masses, it moves the object to the right due to the increase in resistance and the movement of f(t).
Then, the friction is equivalent to the viscous dumper.
Q2.2d

>>num=[1 9]; den=[15 32 95 99 27]; sys=tf(num,den); step(sys)

>>num=[5 9 9]; den=[15 32 95 99 27]; sys=tf(num,den); step(sys)

Q2.2e
Based on the waveform, the angular position of the inertia vary as a step torque is applied to
the system at T(t) because the torque is directly proportional to the angular velocity. Since
torque is for the force, and the inertia is for the mass,therefore, an increase in inertia results to
an increase in force.

Conclusion
 In this experiment about the mechanical system transfer function, I’ve learned the
transfer function for translational and rotational mechanical systems. There were also three
components in a mechanical systems namely; spring (K), the viscous damper (fv), and the
mass (M). These were compared to the passive electrical components which are the capacitor
inductor and the resistor.

I also acquire additional knowledge when I used a Laboratory Virtual Instrument

Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) and Matlab programs to simulate electrical, mechanical,
and position control systems. In LabVIEW, there is a simulation loop that processes the
functions. The functions are the step signal, transfer function, and build array. It is executed
through the simulation time waveform and waveform graph but the equations vary and it
depends upon the f(s) inside the transfer function. Moreover, In MATLAB, there is a command
that must be used to execute the figure or the step response and it is the >>sys=tf(num,den)
and step(sys). The num means numerator and den means denominator of the transfer function
G(s). Lastly, I’ve learned the skills to measure the major performance of indicators of control
systems through mathematical and programming.