About Copper Earthing System

Earthing plays a vital role in all electrical systems. The correctly designed and installed
earthing system i.e. earthing rods or grounding rods will safeguard both lives & equipment. A
Good Earth Connection should have :

 Low electrical resistance to earth.

 Good Corrosion resistance.
 Ability to carry high currents repeatedly.
 A reliable life of at least 30 years.

Soil Conditions
Achieving a good earth will depend on local soil conditions. A low soil resistivity is the main
Aim. The factor affecting the resistivity are :

 Moisture content of the soil

 Chemical composition of the soil e.g. Salt content.
 Temperature of the soil.

The moisture content in the soil decreases the resistivity of the soil. Similarly, increase in the
salt content reduces the resistivity, while reduction in temperature of the soil increases the
resistivity.
Selection of the Correct Earth Electrodes
A soil resistivity survey indicates lower resisitivity at greater
depths. Often these levels are some meters below the surface.
The most economical way of reaching them is by Deep Driven
Earth Rod Electrodes. When deep driving is not possible
mainly due to rocks, underneath, parallel driven shorter
rods, plates, mates or buried conductors or a
combination of three can be used.
Earth Rod Electrodes Earth rods are commonly
made from solid copper or stainless steel with copper bonding.
Copper Bonded Earthing Rods or
Copper Bonded Grounding Rods are
commonly used due to strength, corrosion resistance and
comparatively low cost. Earth Rod

Copper Bonded Earth Rod System

This system includes rod along with accessories.

 Driving Stud : These are made from steel & suitable for
use with Power Hammers.
 Coupling : These are made from copper alloy & counter
bored to enclose threads. Coupling is high strength & also
 highly corrosion resistant. These are used to connect driving stud to rod or rod to rod.
 Rod : Steel rod with core of low carbon provides tensile strength at least of 600
N/mm2. These rods are molecularly bonded with 99.9 % pure electrolytic copper up
to thickness of 0.25mm, Rolled threads at each end gives strength than cut threads.
 Clamp : These are made from high copper content alloy strong resistance to
corrosion.

Lightning Protection
BS6651:1992 clearly advices strict adherence to the provision of conventional lighting
protection system.

Design Consideration
The principle competence of a conventional lighting system in accordance with BS 6651 are :

 Air Termination Network

 Down Conductors
 Earth Termination Network
 Bonding

Air Termination Network

On high-risk structures such as, explosives factories, nuclear power plants, no part of roof
should be more than 2.5m from an air termination conductor. This is generally achieved by
applying a 5m x 10m mesh to the roof. 10m x 20m Mesh 60 m

For most structures, a mesh of 10m x 20m is considered sufficient. The zone of protection
offered by an air termination network is considered to be 45 for heights up to 20m. Above
this height the zone of production is determining by the 'Rolling Sphere Method'. 140 m

Down Conductors
The architectural design affects the location of down conductor. These should be one down
conductor for every 20m. These should be evenly spaced & distances not mere that 20m.
They should be routed as directly as possible from the air termination network to the earth
termination network to length of conductor forcing the loop should not exceed eight times the
width of its open side.

Earth Termination Network

Each down conductor must have a separate earth termination. The provision should be made
in each down conductor for disconnection from the earth for testing purposes.

Bs6651 states that the resistance to earth of the complete lightning protection system
measured at any point should not exceed 10 ohms. BS 6651 also states that the combined
earth rod length of system should be no less then 9m, whilst each individual earth rod should
be not less than 1.5m in length.
Bonding
When a lightning protection system is struck, its electrical protection with respect to earth is
significantly raised and if resistance offered by the down conductor becomes more then the
other metalwork on the structure, the discharge seeks alternative path to earth by side
flashing.

Hence, it is vital that all the exposed metal work is bonded into the lightning protection
installation.

request a quote for About

Copper Earthing System

Copper Earthing Compound

Earthing is the electrical drain path for stray energy in an
electrical circuit. Grounding is the most effective method of the
earthing. Inserting rods, plates, or strips the ground resistance can
be reduced up to 22 %. i.e. if the original ground resistance 300
ohms it can be reduced to 66 ohms. It is essential to have a
resistance value of 2 ohms for sensitive electronic and electrical
equipments.

In order to achieve the required resistance value of 2 ohms and

below it is essential to add minerals, hygroscopic compounds, expansion compounds and
diffusion compounds to the soil. 'TEREC+' is a miracle compound comprising of all the
needed additives. When 10 kg of TEREC+ is induced in to the soil the required resistance
value of 2 ohms can be easily achieved permanently for 15 years.

'TEREC+' is the only reliable and permanent grounding solution for the safety of human,
livestock, equipments and property.
Why salt (NaCl) used in electrical earthing?
- Salt is a good conductor (when damp)

EDIT: "Why is salt added to charcoal?" Both (damp) salt and charcoal are good
conductors. Charcoal stays with the earth rod, salt diffuses into the damp
surrounding soil, increasng the conductivity.

Just salt, and all your earthing eventually washes away. Just charcoal, and you
won't get such a good result.
 Charcoal, since it is made up of Carbon is a good conductor. But why salt is added
to charcoal?
 oscarf1762 Jan, 22 2008 at 11:15 PM
 There must be a better scientific answer than what you have given. It may have to
do with the chemical composition of charcoal, salt and water. Please check and
revert back. Thanks a lot for your answer but I'm not satisfied.
 Quirkie Jan, 23 2008 at 11:15 AM
 In fact, further research seems to indicate that there is NOT a good scientific reason
for using charcoal and salt beyond what I have said already: charcoal and salt are
largely used because they are cheap and traditional, and in fact they do not make a
good compound: not only does the salt get washed away, but the salt corrodes the
earthing metal and destroyes the efficiency of the electrical earth. Modern
equivalents are typically a non-corrosive gel.
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