CHAPTER NO.

CALCULATIONS

For pneumatic cylinder:

The force exerted by pneumatic cylinder on outstroke can be expressed as,

F = P×A
________ _________ ( 1 )

Where, F = Force (NEWTON)

P= Pressure (BAR)

A= Area of cylinder (m2)

D1

Load on container (F) = 150 Kg

=150×9.81

=1471.5 N

Working pressure of pneumatic cylinder (P) = 7 bar

Putting values in equation (1), we get

1471.5 =7×105×A
1
A= ∏D12 = 2.1021×10-3 m2
4

D1 = 0.051 m (51 mm)

( we get appx value from graph)

From DATA BOOK the standard value of cylinder is 56 mm,

Considering tipper size of our model for calculating in pneumatic design as fallows,

Width of trolley = 2ft =.6096 mm

Length of trolley= 3.5ft = 1066.8 mm

Length of chassis = 3 ft =914.4 mm

Calculation for stroke for side tilting cylinder,

3.5 ft

3ft
 Calculating the inclination Ø ,
3
Ø = cos−1 ( ) = 31⁰
3.5

Calculating stroke (L),

3.52 = 32 + x2

x = 1.8 ft = 0.548m (548 mm),

Calculating the torque required,

Assuming the shear stress (t) = 40 MPa,

∏
Torque( T) = 16 × t× D3

∏
= 16 × 40× 563

=1.3792 KN-m,

Assuming the maximum evacuation time of 2 min in which the complete pneumatic cylinder will
operate to its maximum stroke.
𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑛𝑒𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
Speed (V) =
𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑖𝑛

0.548
= = 0.274 m/min,
2

As we know that,
∏D N
V= 60

0.274 ∏ × 0.056 ×N
=
60 60

N= 2.79 RPM i.e 3 RPM

The free air consumption = (piston area × (P+ 1.013) × stroke) / 1000

Where, D = Diameter in cm

L = Stroke in cm

P= Pressure in bar
The free air consumption in liters for forward stroke,
∏
=( × D2 × (P+1.0132) × L) /1000
4

∏
=( × 5.62× (7+1.0132) ×54.8) / 1000
4

= 10.81 lit.