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SPECIALTY GRAPHITE MATERIALS

FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING

CARBONE LORRAINE
An Expert at your Service.
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ISO 9001: 2000 ISO 14001

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HT 12 HT GB 6060
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Cooling system

Graphite die

Solidification front

Horizontal continuous caster

Continuous casting
is a metallurgical process which allows continuous
control of the transformation from a liquid metal
to a solid state in order to directly obtain semi-finished
products like:

wires,

rods,

tubes,

strips,

custom sections.

The graphite “die” used in this transformation, permits:

the shaping of the metal,

the heat extraction necessary to transform the metal
from liquid to solid state.

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The selection of the best graphite grade for your application… TYP

…depends mainly on the composition of the alloy
to be cast: grey iron requires a graphite resistant
to wear abrasion; brass, a graphite relatively dense
but with enough open porosity to allow zinc to
evaporate in the area of the solidification front;
non-ferrous alloys containing elements like nickel or
cobalt need high density graphite to reduce
chemical attack of the graphite die...
The other parameters which determine the choice
of the grade are:
In addition to the graphite grade chosen, the casting
results are also a function of die design, quality of
machining, and the specific characteristics of the
casting installation.
Our grades have been developed in conjunction
with foundrymen to obtain the proper blend of
physical characteristics for continuous casting.
We can provide technical services to assist you in
finding a suitable graphite for your application.
However, in many cases optimal grade selection
can be made only through actual trials.

the size and shape of the cast section,

The following application chart should be used only

the speed of casting,
as an indicative guide for grade selection.

the total amount of alloy to cast,

casting orientation (i.e, vertical or horizontal).

RECOMMENDED GRADES
RECOMMENDED GRADES

Cast alloy Wire casting Billet casting Strip casting Tube casting

Grey and ductile iron - 2020 - 2020

Brass (Cu-Zn) 2204, 2191 2191 2204, 2220 2191, 2220

Bronze 2191, 2204 2191 2204, 2230 2191, 2230 (Core)

Phosphorus bronze 2220, 2204 2191, 2220 2220, 2204 2191, 2220

Maillechort (Cu-Zn-Ni) Nickel-silver 2230, 2204 - 2230, 2204, 2333 2204, 2191

Nickel-copper 2230, 2204 - 2230, 2204 -

Red copper, Phosphorus deoxidized copper 2191 2191 - -

- Vertical casting 2220 -

Aluminium 2191
Horizontal casting
2191

Silver, Gold 2191 - 2191 2191

Precious metal alloys 2191, 2204 - 2191, 2204 2191, 2204

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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Property Unit Standard 2191 2020 2220 2204 2230

ASTM

Density g/cm3 C559 1.74 1.77 1.83 1.85 1.90

Porosity % C830 12 9 8 8 4

Hardness Rockwell C748 80 (L) 95 (L) 85 (H) 80 (L) 85 (H)

Modulus
GPa C695 10.1 9.2 11.4 12.4 12.6
of elasticity

Flexural MPa 44 45 57 45 57
C651
strength psi 6,400 6,500 7,500 6,500 7,500

Compressive MPa 97 99 126 99 126

C695
strength psi 14,100 14,300 18,300 14,300 18,300

Coefficient of x 10 - 6
thermal /°C E228 4.2 4.5 5.4 4.5 5.4
expansion /°F 2.3 2.5 3.0 2.5 3.0

Electrical µΩ cm 1,070 1,550 1,125 1,090 1,125

C611
resistivity Ω in 0.00042 0.00061 0.00045 0.00043 0.00045

Thermal W/m°C 116 81 112 119 112

C767
conductivity BTU-Ft/Ft Hr°F
2
67 47 65 69 65

Average µm 15 15 13 13 13
-
grain size in 0.0006 0.0006 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005

Standard mm 542 x 542 x 1,830 530 x 635 x 1,830 308 x 620 x 1,830 311 x 654 x 915 152 x 620 x 915
-
block size in 21.3 x 21.3 x 72 20 x 24 x 72 12 x 24 x 72 12 x 25 x 36 6 x 24 x 36

Data herein contained are provided for general information purpose only and are not binding. CARBONE LORRAINE shall have no liability whatsoever
with respect to information contained herein. Duplication, reproduction or translation of any information contained herein, in whole or in part, is
strictly prohibited without prior written consent of CARBONE LORRAINE.

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Graphite is well adapted for use as continuous casting
High thermal conductivity.
dies because of its unique physical characteristics:
Typical values of thermal conductivity
Material W/m.° K

Non-wetting to most metals due to its low reactivity
418 Silver
and low porosity. These characteristics can be tailored
to specific casting requirements through selective 385 Copper

processing. 163 Tungsten

15 123 Molybdenum
Cumulative Pore Volume (10-2 cm3/g)

100 Graphite for continuous casting

2191
10 90 Nickel
2020
75 Iron
2204 2220 42 Carbon
5
2230
0.7 Brick

0 0.3 Lampblack
0,1 1 10
Pore Radius (µ.m) 0.1 Firebrick

Capable of withstanding molten metal temperatures. 0 100 200 300 400 500
Graphite sublimates at 3,650°C and atmospheric
pressure. W/m.° K
Melting and boiling points Thermal conductivity
110
5,900
3,370 Tungsten
3,650 Graphite 2230
3,700
2,620 Molybdenum 2220
2204
2,900 2191
1,455 Nickel 80
2,856
Gold 2020
1,062
2,740
1,535 Iron
2,600 0
1,083 Copper °C
500 1,000 1,500
2,550
2,300 Boron Boiling point °C
2,355
Silicium Melting point °C
1,410

Easy to machine and to polish.
2,340
232 Tin
2,300
660 Aluminium
2,190 app
960,5 Silver
907
420 Zinc

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000

Graphite manufacturing

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CUSTOMER-ORIENTED INTERNATIONAL NETWORK
PARTNER IN INNOVATION
Carbone Lorraine harnesses prime expertise in industrial
applications to deliver innovative solutions — involving graphite,
other high-performance materials, and key components for
electric motors and electronic equipment — for many
high-technology markets.
Contact for EUROPE
CARBONE LORRAINE COMPOSANTS
41 rue Jean-Jaurès - BP 148
F-92231 GENNEVILLIERS - FRANCE
Tel. : +33 (0)1 41 85 43 50
Fax : +33 (0)1 41 85 45 11
ht.graphite@carbonelorraine.com
www.carbonelorraine.com
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Main production sites
Industrial or commercial branch
As world number-one in its main business specialities,
Carbone Lorraine fields an extensive industrial and commercial
network covering around 40 countries, working hand in hand
with its clients to pursue permanent innovation through a
broad range of top-class products and services.
IS
Contact for U.S.A.
CARBONE OF AMERICA IND. CORP.
Graphite Materials Division
215 Stackpole Street
St. Marys, PA 15857-1488
GB 6060
Tel. : +1 814 781-1234
6020
Fax : +1 814 781-8570
GB12
HT 12 HT