The "Just-in-Time" principle involves the production of finished products "right on time" to meet

customers' orders. The "Just-in Time" principle is the ultimate goal of the new production philosophy
(NPP). This production management principle is first applied to the Toyota system and now
represents, as they say, the "angular support" of this large system.

In the Japanese term: "Just-in-time" - means "timely well-planned". In principle, it can be interpreted
in several ways. For example. if "time-well-planned" is understood the same as the "delivery time" of
the product, then there may be some reserve that can be provided.

However, in order to achieve "non-warehouse production", this definition must be further specified.
By this: Just-in-time or "time-well-planned" means: each process needs to be supplied with the right
elements, in the right quantity and in exact time.

Production realized in conditions that each process is supplied with the right elements, in the right
quantity and in exact time, it is called: "Just-in-time production".

Just-in-time production means producing only what is required, in the least possible series, with
"zero error", and in the shortest possible time interval. Sometimes the Just-in-time production name
is: non-gaseous production.

Just-in-time is a type of production that in the modern conditions of industrial production has the
following characteristics or features:

1.- production "by order",

2.- production in "small series",

3. Production with "zero error",

4. Production with the shortest production cycle,

5.- Production "without warehouse" (because it: production "without

stock ")

In order to achieve Just-in-time production, ie production at the right time, the following is
necessary:

1. Know what the market is looking for (using market research)

2.- accurately plan production

Improve the production process (using SMED, Zero QC, other methods and techniques).

3. Improve the production process (using SMED and other methods).

The goal of just-in-time production is to achieve: profitability. Profitable production has important
characteristics:

- Low level of engagement of capital (non-gas production),

- low costs,

- High capacity utilization.

By applying Just-In-tine in production, one can achieve:

1.- high quality products; production without defects,

2.- production according to market needs, capacity flexibility,

3. Short production cycle,

4. Effective tool change,

5.- "Pull-system", i.e. appropriate planning technique,

6. Cooperation and trust of the buyer and seller,

7. engagement of all employees,

8.- efficient material management,

9.- Reduction of stock of goods,

10. Reliability of delivery, et

Production according to the market - Just-in-time production produces only what is necessary, and in
this way the conditions for "non-warehouse production" are achieved.

The buyer usually waits until the last moment to specify his needs. What's throughput time shorter,
time will order more to match the final necessary.

The flowing time is directly proportional to the amount of incomplete production, so all measures for
reducing the incomplete production will also affect the shortening of the flowing times.

Production in small batches is a good basis for market-oriented production.

Production and delivery in small series allows the manufacturer to adjust the production to the
actual market demand.
Kanban sistem

Kanban - the system is a "shadow" of Just-in-time production and is typical of the many methods
and techniques created in the Japanese industry, first of all, in the Toyota system, where it found its
first major application.

The Kanban system represents a comprehensive, integral production management system in the so-
called. micro level, in the workshop, in workplaces.

As a production management system, Kanban covers, therefore, production management, inventory

control, quality control, procurement and distribution, and even the employee motivation system.

The Kanban system usually works harmoniously in production, in accordance with the system of total
quality control, as another Japanese big innovation in production.

The word "KANBAN" is a Japanese word meaning "map", or, literally, "visible record", or "ident card",
as can be called.

Kanban, or "map", is used in such a way that the "map" (Kanban) is placed in a container in which
parts are kept in order to inform workers of the required amount of components to be produced
"right on time", in order for these could be mounted in sub-assemblies or finished products.

Here Kanban is the only means of communicating with workers in production in order to achieve
Just-in time, that is, production "right, at the right time".

In prefabricated production, such as the production of automobiles or electronics products, large

resources are needed to maintain inventories of finished products, then spare parts for maintenance
of production equipment and procurement of materials, with large accompanying inventory costs
(about 25%) including and the cost of capital and the cost of obsolescence of products and
equipment.

Because of these major problems that create reserves, production time is "out of stock" became the
ideal and goal to be pursued in formulating strategies for production management.

This "ideal" was first realized by Toyota, developing the Kanban system, and of course, it achieved
the main goal: Just-intime production.

2.1. Using the Kanban system

KANBAN is the Japanese word for IDENT CARD or "map" of the material.

This "map" of materials, including the Kanban system, aims to:

- identify the content of the container (pallet) of the material,

- and make a new order of the material when the pallet is empty.

Within the production management system Kanban is a means to achieve the so-called " just-in-time.

Therefore, the Kanban system represents a decentralized management approach in the field of
procurement and monitoring of materials in production.

The goal of introducing this system is to have the material well planned, monitored (controlled
quantity) and at the right time to order new material for production purposes.

The Kanban system is inspired by a simple refilling system that is used in large department stores in
self-service departments, where the customer on the shelves chooses the goods he wants and takes.

In order for the system to function, well, it must be ensured that the shelves are constantly filled.

In the use of Kanban in the production management, the following cards, such as documents and
information carriers, are used:

1. "Identification card" - it identifies and recognizes the product.

2. "Instructive card for operation", it contains information about

when and how much they will be produced.

3. "Transport card" - it follows the product: it provides information about

where and where the product moves.

There are two types of Kanbana: one for production (with instructions and operations) and the other
for shipping (with instructions on the transport and movement of products).

Kanban slika1

Each Kanban represents a transporting entity for production and shipping, where Kanban plays the
role and "cards" for a specific series and accompanying "cards" for dispatch.

Therefore, Kanban has to follow the goods in all phases

Conclusion