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Generated Emfs - Electrical

Machines Questions and Answers
by Manish
8-10 minutes

This set of Electrical Machines Multiple Choice Questions &

Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Generated EMF”.

1. Which of the following statements is/are correct

regarding the generation of EMF in rotating electrical
machines in the armature winding? EMF is generated
____________
a) by rotating armature windings through a magnetic field
b) by rotating magnetic field with respect to the armature
windings
c) by designing the magnetic circuit to have variable
reluctance with rotor rotation
d) any of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Any of the above mentioned methods will
produce EMF in the armature windings.

2. The EMF equation e = NωrΦsinωrt is applicable to

____________

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a) AC systems with time variant field flux

b) DC systems with time variant field flux
c) Both AC and DC systems with time invariant field flux
d) Both AC and DC systems with time variant field flux
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: e = NωrΦsinωrt-NdΦ/dtcosωrt, for time
invariant field flux dΦ/dt = 0 ⇒ e = NωrΦsinωrt, is the
general equation, and is applicable to both AC and DC
systems.

3. In the equation for RMS value of the generated EMF in a

full pitched coil of an AC machine,
E = Emax/√2 = √2πfrNΦ, fr depends on
a) rotating speed of the armature coil
b) rotating speed of the flux density wave
c) relative velocity between the flux density wave and
armature coil
d) any of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: fr is called the rotational or speed frequency,
since its value depends upon the relative velocity between
the flux density wave and the armature coil.

4. In AC rotating machines, the generated or speed EMF

a) leads Φ by 90°
b) lags Φ by 90°
c) is in phase with working flux
d) lags Φ by 180°

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View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: e = Emaxcos(ωrt-π/2)
ψ = NΦcosωrt
It reveals that the speed or generated EMF lags by 90° the
flux that generates it, and is true when flux is time invariant
and is sine distributed in space.

5. In a short pitched coil, the coil pitch factor kp, is given by

____________
a) kp = cosε
b) kp = cosε/2
c) kp = √2πfrNΦcosε
d) kp = cosε/2cosωrt
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The effect of short pitched coil is to reduce the
generated EMF, and this reduction factor is cosε/2, and is
referred to as coil pitch factor.

6. Which of the following equations represents the RMS

value of the generated EMF in a short-pitched N-turn
armature coil of an AC machine ____________
a) E = √2πkpfrNΦ
b) E = 2πkpfrNΦ
c) E = NΦωrkpsinωrt
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: EMF induced = NΦωrkpsinωrt,

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Emax = NΦωrkp when sinωrt = 1

RMS value, E = Emax/√2 = √2πfrkpNΦ

7. The effect of short pitched coil on the generated EMF is

_____________
a) increasing
b) decreasing
c) either increasing or decreasing
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The effect of short pitched coil is to reduce the
generated EMF and this reduction factor is cosε/2 and is
referred to as coil pitch factor.

8. A winding is distributed in the slots along the air gap

periphery
(i) to add mechanical strength to the winding
(ii) to reduce the amount of conductor material required
(iii) to reduce the harmonics in generated EMF
(iv) to reduce the size of the machine
(v) for full utilization of iron and conductor materials
From these, the correct answer is
a) (i),(iii),(iv),(v)
b) (i),(ii),(iv),(v)
c) (i),(ii),(iii),(v)
d) (i),(iii),(v)
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: In rotating electrical machines, the armature

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turns are usually distributed in slots rather than

concentrated in single slot. This is essential from the view
point of utilizing the armature periphery completely, and add
mechanical strength.

9. In an AC machine, the effect of distributing the turns in

different slots, results in a further reduction of generated
EMF by the factor kd. This factor is called ____________
a) distribution/speed factor
b) coil pitch factor
c) winding factor
d) any of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: E = √2πkpkdfrNΦ, kd is the distribution factor.

10. A polyphase induction motor of the slip ring or wound

rotor type can be used ____________
a) for high start-up torque applications
b) as a frequency converter
c) any of the mentioned
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: A polyphase induction motor can be used as a
frequency converter (or changer) for changing the supply
frequency f to other frequencies sf and (2-s)f at the slip ring
terminals.

11. The equation for slip speed is ____________

a) (ω-ωr)/ω

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b) ω-ωr
c) (ωr-ω)/ω
d) ωr
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The relative speed between rotor and rotating
flux wave, i.e, (ω-ωr) is referred to as the slip speed in
rad/sec
slip speed = (ω-ωr) rad/sec

12. If the rotor of an induction motor is made to revolve in a

direction opposite to the rotating flux wave, then RMS value
of EMF induced in one phase of rotor E is proportional to
____________
a) 2-s
b) s
c) 1-s
d) 2+s
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Relative velocity between rotor winding and
rotating flux wave becomes
(ω+ωr) = ω+ω(1-s) = ω(2-s) and
E = 2πf(2-s)NphrkwΦ

13. In an alternator, frequency per revolution is equal to

a) number of poles
b) twice the number of poles
c) speed in rps
d) number of pole-pairs

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View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: For a P-pole machine, in n rev/sec, P/2n
cycles/second are generated and cycles per second is
referred to as frequency f of the EMF wave. Here in this
question n=1
⇒ frequency per revolution = P/2
⇒ number of pole pairs.

14. The EMF generated in an alternator depends upon

(i) speed
(ii) maximum flux per pole
(iii) series turns per phase
(iv) phase spread
(v) coil-span
(vi) type of alternator
Which of the above statements are correct?
a)(i),(ii),(iii),(iv),(v),(vi)
b) (i),(iii),(iv),(v)
c) (i),(ii),(iii),(v),(vi)
d) (i),(iii),(iv),(v),(vi)
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Eph = √2πfkwNphΦ, here Φ = total flux per
pole.

15. If the dimensions of all the parts of a synchronous

generator and the number of field and armature turns are
doubled, then the generated voltage will change by a factor
of

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a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 8
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: E = √2πfrNΦ, Φ = flux per pole = 4/pBplr
dimensions are doubled ⇒ l1 = 2l and r1 = 2r ⇒ Φ1 = 4Φ
No. of turns doubled ⇒ N1 = 2N, fr changes only when the
poles are changed ⇒ fr1 = fr
⇒ E1=√2πfr(2N)(4Φ) = 8E
The generated voltage will change by a factor of 8.

16. A 6 pole machine is rotating at a speed of 1200rpm.

This speed in mechanical rad/sec and electrical radians per
second is respectively
a) 40π, 40π/3
b) 120π, 40π
c) 20π, 60π
d) 40π, 120π
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: N = 1200rpm,P = 6 and f = PN/120 = 60 cycles
per sec.
1cycle = 360° electrical degrees = 2π electrical radians
f in electrical radians per sec = 60∗2π electrical
radians/sec = 120π elect radians/sec
speed in mechanical radians/sec = 2/P(speed in electrical
rad/sec) = 2/P(120π)=40π mechanical rad/sec.

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17.The short pitch winding for an alternator gives

(i) improved wave form of the generated EMF per phase
(ii) reduced value of self inductance of the winding
(iii) increased rating of machine
(iv) reduced tooth ripples
(v) increased total generated EMF
(vi) saving in winding copper
Which of the above statements are correct?
a) (i),(ii),(iv),(v),(vi)
b) (i),(ii),(vi)
c) (i),(ii),(iv),(vi)
d) (i),(iii),(vi),(iv)
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The effect of short pitched coil is to reduce the
generated EMF, and it improves waveform of EMF
generated per phase, and as the windings are placed
closed to each other, copper will be saved.

18. The DC machines are designed with flat topped flux

density waves because
a) average value of brush voltage is more for a flat topped
B-wave
b) average value of brush voltage is less for a flat topped
B-wave
c) losses for flat topped B-wave are less
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: a

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Explanation: For the same value of peak flux density Bp, it

is easy to see that average value of brush voltage could be
more for a flat topped B-wave than for a sinusoidal flux
density wave.

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